Bank Deposits Research Articles

LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF DEPOSIT MONEY BANKS IN NIGERIA

The study empirically investigates the impact of liquidity management on financial performance of deposit money bank in Nigeria using time series data from 2011 to 2020. The study analyses the data with the aid of E-view statistical package for descriptive and correlation analysis and STATA 11 after testing for the best estimator from pool OLS, fixed effect and random effect estimator based on Breusch and Pagan LM test, F-test and Hausman test. Deposit to asset ratio has negative but statistically insignificant relationship with returns on assets of DMBs in Nigeria since the P-value of 7.9% is greater than 5% significant level. Cash reserve ratio has positive but statistically insignificant relationship with returns on equity of DMBs in Nigeria since P value of 22.1% is greater than 5% significant level. Loan deposit ratio has negative but statistically insignificant relationship with net interest margin of deposit banks in Nigeria since P value of 91.8% is less than 5% significant level. The study recommends that CBN should strive to improve their regulatory capacity over all DMBs in Nigeria. Special financial court should be established by the government to prosecute serial loan defaulters. Regular training and retraining couple with professional development of staff should be encouraged by the board and management of the bank and CBN. CBN should also set a limit to the level the staff of DMBs can attain without requisite professional and academic qualifications. KEYWORDS: Liquidity Management, Financial Performance, Deposit Money Banks

Unveiling the Effects of COVID-19 on the Efficiency of Nigerian Banks

This study investigated the impact of COVID-19 on the efficiency of Nigerian banks. The study especially examined the effects of COVID-19 on the capital adequacy ratio (CAR), asset quality, management quality, earning potential, and liquidity of Nigeria's money deposit banks (MDBs) both before and after the outbreak. The project employed a longitudinal survey research approach. Data was taken from the banks under study's audited financial statements for the years 2017 through 2020. The descriptive statistics of percentage and bar charts were utilised in analysing the financial figures while the Sample T-test and the Wilcoxon Statistical Test were used via SPSS in testing the formulated hypotheses. Following a series of empirical tests, it was discovered that banks' capacity to generate money and the quality of their assets both increased more during the COVID-19 epidemic. The outcome also demonstrates that banks' capital adequacy (CAR), management effectiveness, and liquidity were most significantly impacted by the COVID-19 problem as their values declined in comparison to before the epidemic. Consequently, the study recommended that banks should plan and prepare for eventualities like that of the COVID-19 in the future so as to be better prepared in innovating new measures to run and sustain their operations in the face of such eventualities.

Assessment of the Efficiency of Private Commercial Banks Deposit Employment in Banking Investment - case study of Iraq for the period 2017-2021

The research aims to evaluate the efficiency of employing bank deposits on the functions of investment and bank loans for the period from 2017 to 2021. The research sample included 19 private commercial banks listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange, and data was collected from financial statement reports published on the Iraq Stock Exchange. The Panel Least Squares system was used to analyze the data, and the research concluded that there is no statistically significant effect between deposits, investment, and bank loans. The research recommended emphasizing the contribution of commercial banks to the economic development of the country through diversification in investments in various sectors, which is reflected in Increasing profits for banks and achieving economic recovery.

The Digital Pound: A Plan Designed to Fail?

The UK authorities have consulted on the issue of the ‘digital pound’, a retail central bank digital currency (CBDC) for general use in payments by UK households and firms. The stated ambition is a new form of central bank money, used alongside Bank of England notes and commercial bank deposits. There are inherent contradictions in these plans. Promoting adoption requires that users should be able to freely and conveniently receive and send digital pound payments and that account services can compete effectively with commercial bank transaction accounts. Containing the risks of retail CBDC to financial stability requires doing the opposite: limiting the use of the digital pound and handicapping account providers in their competition with commercial banks. To resolve this contradiction, ambition should be scaled back, focusing on specific and narrow use cases that cannot be easily addressed using commercial bank transaction accounts.

The deployment of spur dike group improves physical habitats in urban meandering rivers: Insight from a 2D habitat suitability model

Although channel meandering is currently a popular approach for river ecological restoration, the spiral flow formed in bends may lead to fragmentation of aquatic habitats due to the concave bank erosion and convex bank sedimentation. The aforementioned issue motivated this study, which aims to mitigate the adverse effects of curved flow on aquatic habitats within bends. We proposed a placement strategy of dike group within the curved channel to adjust the water–sediment structure of meandering rivers, thereby safeguarding against bank erosion and the fragmentation of river habitats. The effectiveness of this strategy has been validated by the development of numerical models based on 2D depth-averaged water–sediment equations, coupled with the IFIM method. These models investigate the mechanism of aquatic habitat enhancement achieved by deploying groups of submerged and non-submerged dikes on the convex and concave banks of the Fuhe River in Chengdu, China. The findings indicate that the implementation of dike groups resulted in an enhancement of approximately 30% in the weighted usable area (WUA) of the specific river. This improvement was accompanied by a 25% decrease in the ecological flow threshold (WUAmax). Furthermore, subsequent comprehensive comparative analyses under various conditions revealed that the fluctuations in enhancement effects were mitigated by flow increases. The degree of submergence parameter exhibits heightened sensitivity to enhancement effects, especially when the flow remains below the ecological threshold. The findings of this study can serve as a reference for the ecological restoration of river systems.

An assessment of various disinfectants using the Kirby-Bauer Method with disc diffusion to determine their effectiveness against locally isolated pathogens

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of various disinfectants against locally isolated pathogens using the Kirby-Bauer Method with disc diffusion. Indigenous strains of Salmonella typhimurium, E. coli, Campylobacter, Citrobacter freundii, and Staphylococcus aureus were obtained from the bacterial depository bank and sub-cultured on their respective selective media. A 0.5 McFarland Turbidity Standard was prepared, and eight commercially available disinfectants were tested for efficacy. The results of this study will inform the selection of appropriate disinfectants for use in preventing the spread of disease in various settings, including home sanitation, healthcare, and industrial manufacturing processes. The disinfectants used in this study produced different results against the targeted pathogens. Hydrogen peroxide and Formalin produced larger zones of inhibition, while Povidone Iodine and Hydrochloric acid produced intermediate zones. Ethanol, Methanol, and Dettol produced smaller .zones of inhibition. Benzalkonium Chloride was effective only against S. aureus, while all other indigenous isolates resisted it. Keywords: Disinfectants, Sal. typhimurium, E.coli, Campylobacter, Citrobacter freundii, Staphylococcus auerus, Antibiotic sensitivity test

Evaluating the impact of porcupine systems in the flow field of the river: a hydrodynamic model study

ABSTRACT Riverbank and in-stream protection are crucial in numerous river stretches, where erosion of banks and bed material instigates river course alterations, consequently leading to land and property damage. In large Indian braided rivers like Brahmaputra, implementing tetrahedron frames commonly referred to as ‘porcupines’ has emerged as a cost-effective strategy for river training, yielding commendable outcomes in near bank sedimentation. Using flexible river training structures, such as porcupine, presents an appealing option for managing braided river channel networks in areas where permanent control structures like groynes or dams prove excessively costly or potentially ineffective, particularly in systems exhibiting highly dynamic flow regimes and morphology. This work aims to develop a hydrodynamic model that integrates the porcupine systems within its framework. The model’s effectiveness was assessed through a field test near Nematighat, Brahmaputra River, in collaboration with Assam’s Water Resources Department. The mathematical modelling provided some valuable insights regarding the flow characteristics surrounding the porcupine structure, shedding light on its hydrodynamic behaviour.

The Implication of the New CBN Cashless Economy Policy on Nigerian Banking Stocks: GARCH Models Approach

The importance of the banking sector to any nation's economy cannot be overemphasized. An efficient banking system enhances effective resource allocation and therefore promotes economic growth. Since this sector is important to any economy, the central bank in every nation plays a leading role in formulating policies aimed at regulating and stabilizing the banking system with the ultimate aim of achieving macroeconomic stability. The Cashless policy was first introduced in Nigeria in January 2012 to ease the difficulty inherent in cash-related transactions. However, at the time the policy was introduced, deposit banks were not prepared to ensure a smooth working cashless economy system. The policy was thus suspended in August 2015 and consequently re-introduced in January 2023. This study investigated the effect of this cashless policy on Nigerian banking stocks using GARCH and tGARCH models. The study reveals that banks’ stocks return was affected at the time under review by the cashless economy policy. The study further shows that it will take about a month and nine days for the conditional variance in the series to revert halfway. The convergence of the parameters based on Monte Carlo simulations indicates that both the models can capture the volatility in the stock returns, except that tGARCH seems to be skewed to the right as is expected.

Reserve-backed tokens : A money for the future?

Exactly what form the money of the future will take remains an open question. Central bank digital currencies (CBDCs), tokenised deposits and stablecoins have been discussed as potential candidates. This paper argues that reserve-backed tokens (RBTs) — backed solely and fully by central bank reserves — also represent a credible solution. RBTs pose a unique combination of benefits. Notably, they are safer than, and can crowd out, the unstable breeds of stablecoins. They can adopt a more flexible design than retail CBDCs and thus foster greater competition and innovation. Furthermore, compared with bank deposits, RBTs are immune to runs and are unencumbered by legacy features. Naturally, there are attendant risks and unknowns, but this paper argues that careful design and gradual rollout would help harness the benefits of RBT while mitigating the risks.

Do Macroeconomic Variables Affect Deposits in Shariah Banks?

Banks are intermediary institutions that collect funds from the public and channel them back in the form of credit and the funds collected are third party funds (TPF) which are the largest source of funds relied on by banks, including sharia banking. The challenge of sharia banking is to expand market share. Currently in Indonesia the banking market share is dominated by conventional banking. Increasing market share will increase savings in sharia banking and strengthen sharia banking as an intermediation institution. The research aims to identify the influence of macroeconomic variables on deposits in sharia banking. The research uses time-series data 2012: Q1 - 2022: Q1 and the ARDL method to estimate the short- and long-term influence of macroeconomic variables on TPF. The research results show that there are two variables that influence the short and long term, namely the GDP variable and the exchange rate. Meanwhile, inflation and interest rate variables only have an effect in the short term. The implications of the research show that increasing economic growth must be followed by increasing people's income and the stability of the rupiah exchange rate will increase people's deposits or savings in sharia banking.

The Role of Corporate Governance, Integrated Reporting and Financial Sustainability in Islamic Banking of Pakistan; A Conceptual Review

The current study indicates the importance of Islamic banking deposits as a paramount sector with its unique blend of moral principles and financial practices. Inside the situation of Islamic banking in Pakistan, where shared values and moral principles clasp considerable sway, integrated reporting shoulders heightened consequence in communicating the all-inclusive value created by these institutions to stakeholders. In this study corporate governance serves as the basis of effective management and oversight in Islamic banking institutions operating in Pakistan. Adherence to Sharia principles of clarity, fairness, and accountability not only confirms compliance but also fosters trust and confidence among stakeholders, thereby enhancing the strength of the sector. The financial sustainability, a core tenet of Islamic banking in Pakistan, continues beyond ordinary profitability to encompass social welfare and environmental stewardship. So the careful with risk management, reasonable wealth distribution, and investment in socially responsible projects, Islamic banks in Pakistan can achieve sustainable financial performance while upholding their ethical obligations. Ultimately, the convergence of combined reporting, corporate governance, and financial sustainability not only reinforces the resilience of Islamic banking in Pakistan but also strengthens its role as a driver of inclusive growth and ethical finance in the country's financial ecosystem.

Information Communication Technology and Decision Making Effectiveness of Selected Money Deposit Banks in Nigeria

The study evaluates the relationship between information and communication technology and decision-making efficacy in selected Nigerian money deposit institutions. The goal was to ascertain the degree to which ICT infrastructure influences the efficacy of decision-making in particular deposit money banks, as well as the impact of human resource competence on this relationship. The study used a sample size of two hundred (200) respondents, representing all the employees in the selected deposit money institutions. The study employed a survey method, multiple regression, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation to analyze the data. The results showed a strong correlation between decision-making effectiveness and ICT infrastructure. Additionally, the study revealed that human resource capabilities significantly mitigated the influence of ICT on the efficacy of decision-making in certain deposit money banks. Based on the results, the study suggested that to facilitate quicker decision-making, Nigerian deposit money bank management should implement speedy, interactive, user-friendly websites with high-quality search capabilities. To facilitate efficient decision-making, the management of Nigeria's chosen deposit money institutions should also hire individuals with the necessary ICT (information and communication technology) skills. Lastly, the management of Nigeria's chosen deposit money banks ought to encourage innovative ideas from their staff members to help them succeed. Keywords: Information communication technology, Decision-making effectiveness, Deposit money banks, Nigeria.

UNRAVELING THE NEXUS BETWEEN DIGITAL BANKING TRANSACTIONS AND BANK PROFITABILITY: INSIGHTS FROM TURKEY'S DEPOSIT BANKS

This study estimates the relationship between digital banking transactions and bank net profit through regression analysis using the data of deposit banks in Turkey between 2011 and 2021. The data from 11 Turkish banks are analyzed with the least squares method (OLS) in the Stata package program. For this purpose, the relationship between digital banking transactions and bank net profit is estimated by constructing three models. In the first model, online banking transactions have a positive effect on bank profitability. The number of internet banking customers, the number of Automated Teller Machine (ATM), and the number of Point of Sale (POS) are found to have a negative effect on net profit, but these coefficients are not statistically significant. In the second model, mobile banking transactions have a positive effect on bank net profit. ATM has a positive and statistically significant effect on bank net profit, while the number of POS has a negative coefficient on bank net profit, but this coefficient is not statistically significant. In the third and last model, the digital banking transactions have a positive effect on the net profit of the bank. ATM and POS numbers have a negative effect on bank net profit, but these coefficients are not statistically significant. In conclusion, both internet and mobile banking transactions have a positive effect on bank profits in Turkey. Digital banking transaction, which is a combination of internet and mobile banking transactions, is also found to have a positive effect on bank profits. Additionally, it has been revealed that internet banking services contribute more to bank profits than both mobile and digital banking services.

Digital payments and bank competition

This article examines how competition between banks and a digital PSP impacts the lending rate and the consumers’ use of payment instruments. The digital PSP offers a digital wallet and payment services, but does not offer credit. In contrast, banks invest their deposits in lending activities, which implies that they may incur some costs of adjusting their liquidity needs when consumers make payments. I show that the adoption of the digital wallet for payments may sometimes increase the volume of payments by bank deposit transfers and the lending rate. This results from banks’ trade-off between lowering their costs of liquidity when consumers pay from their digital wallet and reducing the revenues they receive from bank transfer fees.

Unraveling the dynamics: macroeconomic drivers of equity market development in Sub-Saharan Africa

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to contribute to empirical research by identifying the key macroeconomic drivers of equity market development in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and to ascertain if banking sector development complements equity market development in the SSA region.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed the dynamic panel data approach using the pool mean group (PMG). The sample covered is twenty-seven (27) SSA countries between the period 2000 to 2020.FindingsThe result suggests that banking sector development, economic growth, migrant remittance and trade openness are the key drivers of equity market development in the SSA region. The study also revealed that banking sector development complements equity market development in the SSA region.Originality/valueThe use of robust measure in measuring equity market development (i.e. ratio of portfolio equity to gross domestic product) in ascertaining the macroeconomic drivers of equity market development. Likewise, exploring whether banking sector development complements equity market development in the SSA region makes the paper more unique, especially using the ratio of bank credit to bank deposit as a measure banking sector development.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-01-2024-0005

Mixed response of trace element concentrations in fluvial sediments to a flash flood in a former mining area

BackgroundFloods, especially flash floods, are the major transporting agent for fluvial sediments, whose pollution is a global concern. As floods result in the dispersion of and exposure to these sediments, a profound understanding of sedimentary dynamics during flood events and the related pollutant dispersion is of relevance. However, the characteristics of extreme flood events concerning pollutant dynamics are insufficiently known so far.ResultsIn a Central European catchment impacted by intense industrial activities and former mining, over the course of five years, we surveyed six high-discharge events, five of them approx. bankfull discharge and one major flash flood event, supplemented by sampling of bank sediments. Fluvial sediments were analyzed for elemental composition by X-Ray fluorescence and for grain size distribution of the fine faction by laser diffraction. By applying a local enrichment factor, trace metal(loid) signatures in these sample sets were compared. Furthermore, Positive Matrix Factorization was used to investigate the trace metal(loid)s’ sources.The sediments deposited by minor flooding had continual trace metal(loid) signatures. However, for the extreme event, significant divergencies arose and persisted for the following years: The enrichment of anthropogenically influenced elements increased, with a slowly decreasing trend in the subsequent two years. Naturally dominated metal(oid)s decrease in enrichment without indicating a return to original levels. In contrast, other elements were insensitive to the extreme event. Positive Matrix Factorization identified anthropogenic influences in elements originating from copper and lead processing and mining activities. Furthermore, bed sediments and a natural background factor were found to dominate the non-anthropogenically influenced metal(loid)s.ConclusionsIn between extreme events, winnowing processes slowly alter the elemental composition of bed sediments. The depletion of such sediments due to the flash flood proves catchment-wide flushing, which induces a natural resetting of the geochemical signals. This ability to renew is an integral part of resilience in fluvial systems. This mechanism is disturbed by industrial activities in floodplains. The exceptional flooding reaches infrastructure that is assumed to be safe and, therefore, unprotected. These additional sources can shift flood sediments’ trace metal(loid) signature, which has a long-lasting impact on the catchment sediments. However, the modifications depend on the flooding extent, possible emitters, and protection measures.

Financial Development and Its Effect on Inclusive Growth in Kenya 2000 – 2022

Purpose: In the past decade, Kenya’s economy registered an average real GDP growth rate of 4.63 percent. Despite this growth, many people have been locked out of social and economic opportunities, with 19.1 percent of the Kenyan population living in poverty. This has intensified the need for inclusive growth, a growth model that promotes shared prosperity. Several studies have shown that financial systems that function well play a great role in the economy through the provision of key financial services that drive growth. However, there is a lack of substantial inquiry into financial development and inclusive growth in Kenya. This study sought to examine this relationship for the period 2000-2022. Methodology: The study employed a causal research design and used time series data that was collected from various databases. The level of inclusiveness in Kenya was analyzed using an inclusiveness matrix. An inclusive growth index was constructed, which was then used to empirically test the effect of financial development on inclusive growth. The data was presented in tables and figures. Findings: The inclusiveness matrix shows that despite positive economic growth rates, there is a low rate of equity growth, which shows that Kenya has a low level of inclusivity. The empirical results show that bank deposits and private-sector credit have a positive and statistically significant effect on inclusive growth. A 1% increase in bank deposits leads to a 0.074% increase in inclusive growth. When private-sector credit increases by 1%, inclusive growth expands by 0.070%. Bank return on assets has a positive but insignificant effect on inclusive growth. The study confirms that financial depth and access to financial services are the most conducive to inclusive growth in Kenya. Other determinants of inclusive growth include initial income, human capital development and macroeconomic stability. The overall findings suggest that financial development can be used to create economic opportunities for poor people in Kenya, thus reducing income disparities. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study has contributed to the ongoing conversation on inclusive growth, specifically on its measurement. The empirical results on the finance-inclusiveness nexus provide evidence-based policy interventions that can help in reducing income disparities and enhancing shared prosperity. The findings imply that policymakers and practitioners need to focus their attention on promoting financial access and financial depth in marginalized regions to create a significant impact on inclusive growth in Kenya.

Rulings on Excess Wealth of Unknown Sources According to Islamic Law

Islamic law places a paramount emphasis on safeguarding wealth and preserving it from loss, and it deems its preservation as one of the objectives of Sharia. Islamic law views wealth in a general sense and regards unexplained surplus wealth from a humanitarian perspective. The aim is to elucidate the comprehensiveness, adaptability, and relevance of Islamic Sharia, demonstrating its capability to address contemporary needs by providing rulings that uphold benefits, prevent harm, and contribute to enlightening people about the principles of wealth preservation. Contemporary and emerging issues are numerous and require clarification of their legal rulings, particularly new forms such as the treatment of abandoned funds in customs, the status of deposits in commercial banks, the handling of profits in banks with unknown owners, funds in the possession of money changers, and those held in exchange centers. These issues fall under the purview of Islamic jurisprudence, akin to the concept of "lost property," due to their significant importance in jurisprudential deliberations and contemporary practical applications. The resultant conclusion is that surplus funds of unknown origin are treated akin to lost property. Contemporary and emerging matters necessitate a legal ruling, and if the owner of such funds cannot be found, they are generally allocated to charitable causes, which are broader than the concept of Muslim interests. These causes encompass various charitable endeavors, such as aiding the poor and constructing mosques, as they are considered avenues of charity.

Bluff retreat in North Carolina: harnessing resident and land use professional surveys alongside LiDAR remote sensing and GIS analysis for coastal management insights

Bluff landforms, sought-after for housing and development, present a hazard management challenge due to erosional processes despite the perceived safety of elevated land. This study focuses on the Neuse River Estuary in North Carolina, exploring coastal risk perception and erosion. A survey protocol was developed, and questionnaires targeted 246 residents with property within 100 m of the shoreline and 54 land use professionals in Craven County. To explore the connection of individual experiences with erosion, we use openly accessible LiDAR to quantify bluff retreat and erosion between 2014 and 2020, a period that encompasses Hurricane Florence in 2018. Our findings show: 1) survey results reveal a consensus among residents, with 90% observing alterations attributed to storm impacts, 2) preferences for addressing erosion lean towards structural measures, aligning with existing protection strategies (e.g., bulkheads, rip-rap) as opposed to nature-based solutions, 3) bluff tops are eroding at a higher median rate of -0.59 m per year, compared to -0.19 m per year for high sediment banks, and 4) an overall net volume decrease of approximately -1.89 cubic meters per year for Craven County, slightly more than the overall net loss for the Neuse River Estuary, which was -1.74 cubic meters per year. The findings underscore the need for a cohesive bluff erosion management plan, emphasizing the complexity of challenges and the importance of a holistic approach that combines technical studies with effective risk communication.

ОБЛІКОВА СТАВКА НБУ: НАСЛІДКИ ТА ДОЦІЛЬНІСТЬ ПОДАЛЬШОГО ЗНИЖЕННЯ

Introduction. The purpose of the latest increase in the key rate from 10% to 25% in June 2022 is the following: protection of savings and income of individuals in national currency; increasing attractiveness of hryvnia-denominated assets; easing the pressure of excess liquidity on the foreign exchange market; strengthening the ability of the NBU to ensure exchange rate stability and streamline inflationary processes during the war. The increase in the key rate was also supposed to increase the yield on domestic government loan bonds and deposit certificates of the National Bank of Ukraine (NBU), rates on line deposits in the national currency, and the cost of servicing hryvnia loans for legal entities and individuals. Over a period of up to 15 months, the key rate remained at the same level of 25%. As the dynamics of inflation faded, the regulator started a cycle of gradual easing of monetary policy. allows to analyze the intermediate results of such a reduction. Reporting of the financial and external sectors of the economy published by the NBU and supervisory statistics as of December 1, 2023 allow to analyze the intermediate results of the reduction. Problem Statement. Determining the preliminary consequences and justifying the expediency of further gradual reduction of the NBU key rate aimed at overcoming the main problems of the monetary and credit system of Ukraine in the conditions of martial law. The purpose is the analysis of the main intermediate results of the gradual reduction of the key rate in Ukraine, which directly affect the performance of its key functions by the monetary and credit system of Ukraine, and justification of the most urgent state measures aimed at overcoming the current negative trends in the monetary sphere. Methods. General scientific and special methods are used: analysis, synthesis, grouping, description, comparison, theoretical generalization and abstract-logical. Results. The key preliminary consequences of the gradual reduction of the key rate in Ukraine are analyzed, in particular: the dynamics of refinancing attracted by banks, bank investments in NBU deposit certificates, investments of the regulator and banks in domestic government loan bonds (OVDPs), corporate and retail lending, bank deposits of households and corporations by terms and currencies, individual indicators of the foreign exchange market. Conclusions. The key positive consequences of the key rate reduction are: gradual recovery of banks' credit activity; reorientation of banks' investments from the purchase of NBU deposit certificates to increasing investments in OVDPs, which made it possible to stop emission financing of the budget deficit by the NBU; maintaining a positive yield on term deposits in the national currency, which stimulates the population to further increase the volume of bank deposits. Instead, the practice of sterilizing the "excess" liquidity of banking institutions through their purchase of overnight and three-month deposit certificates of the NBU continues and and provokes a further increase in the volume of excess liquidity of the banking system due to a fairly high level of profitability of this instrument. Expected conservation of moderate rates of inflation in the short term determines the expediency of a further gradual decrease in the level of the key rate, provided that the positive return on time deposits of the population in the national currency is maintained. To overcome the current negative trends in the monetary sphere it is advisable: to consider the possibility of reducing the yield of NBU deposit certificates to a level comparable to the yield of “short “ OVDPs; to ensure the synchronization of the yield of “new” time deposits of the population in the national currency by terms at the level of five state banks; to consider the expediency of resuming the practice of compulsory sale of part of the foreign currency earnings of exporters at the level of at least 50% during the period of martial law; to intensify the use of non-monetary methods and anti-inflation policy measures, taking into account the joint responsibility of the government and regulator for anti-inflation policy.