THERE is in the British Museum an old Portuguese map, unsigned and undated, on vellum, coloured in green, red, and blue, but rather faded and spotted by damp. It measures 70 x 103 cm. in the largest dimensions, and is drawn on a scale of I/I3-5 M (io?=82'5 mm.). Its press mark is Add. MS. 9812, and it is described in the printed 'Catalogue of the manuscript maps, charts, and plans' (vol. ii, p. 33), as a Map of coasts extending from the south-east of Africa to the Bay of Bengal, with the Islands, drawn on a plane scale, probably about I6oo. The names in Portuguese. On vellum: 3 ft. 4 X2 ft. 3 in. The map shows the west coast of Africa, from the manic6go (Congo River), the south and east coasts, with Madagascar, the Red Sea, Arabia, Persian Gulf, India, Ceylon, Gulf of Bengal, Malay Peninsula, north and east of Sumatra, some other islands of the East Indian Archipelago and the Indian Ocean. Numerous names are shown along the greater part of the coasts. Several islands bear inscriptions such as aqui se ouera de perder Juha da nova, in the Joao da Nova Island; ilhas q achou o almjrate do vasco, in the Seychelles Islands; Ilha de baharein h6de se pesca o al Joffre, in the Bahrein Island (Persian Gulf), of old celebrated for its seed-pearl (aljofre) fisheries; estas se chama polu;ibira pore cada ua te seu nome, between the Mergui Archipelago and Adaman Islands; estas se chama de Rado, in the Chagos Archipelago; ilhas de maluco donde a o crauo (?), in the Moluccas; aqui a as ma9as, in the Ilhas de babane (?)-Banda Islands. Fortified towns are shown at Sofala, Mozambique, Mombasa, Melinde, Aden, and north, centre, and south of India, all displaying the Portuguese flag, which is also at the manicogo, Cape of Good Hope, north of Madagascar, north of moguadaxo, between fartaque and durfar, Diu, queda, Malacca, east of Sumatra, island simbaba (Sumbawa) and the Moluccas. Other flags, some with the crescent showing that the country is in possession of Gentiles, are seen in south-west of Africa, ilhas de cariamuria and north of the Gulf of Oman; also similar flags in part of the towns of Melinde and Aden. The centre of construction of the map is marked by an ornamental wind-rose, centre of a sixteen wind-rose system, nine of which are also ornamented. Through the middle of the map passes a scale of latitudes from 33? N. to 49? S. In the middle of Africa and east of the Indian Ocean are two scales of leagues, and the Equator, linha equinocial, and the tropics, tropico cancry and tropico capcornj, are also marked. I was immediately struck by the resemblance between this map and that of Pedro Reinel, also unsigned and undated, in the Bayer. Armeebibliothek of Munich, formerly Hauptconservatorium der Armee. Though there are some rather important differences, one of the maps was certainly drawn from the other, the dimensions of the drawing being the same and the handwriting absolutely identical. The manner of representing the mountains, in green,