Banana Stem Waste Research Articles

Peningkatan Ekonomi Desa Sidorejo Kabupaten Bojonegoro melalui Industri Kreatif Berbahan Batang Pisang dan Komersialisasinya

Lecturer service is an activity that disseminates research and innovation results to village communities. The program's main objective is to improve the economy of village communities in the creative consumer goods industry made from banana stem fiber. The implementation of the service includes interactive discussions and training in production and commercialization. The partner for this activity is the farmer group Karya Tani, which includes youth and homemakers in Sidorejo Village, Sukosewu District, and Bojonegoro Regency. The activity results are analyzed based on the increased knowledge and skills observed before and after the activity. The results show that society has experienced increased handicraft production to produce products with designs and variations that have high selling value. This can increase sales and the household economy by using local natural resources, especially banana stem waste.

Fortifikasi Nak Nan Jelly Bog Segamur

Abstract: Abundant banana stem waste is often wasted and becomes an environmental problem. In fact, research results show that banana stems are rich in benefits, one of which is the potential as an anti-obesity agent. Seeing this potential, the community service team tried to process banana stem waste into nutritious and economically valuable food products. This community service activity focused on assisting PKK Metuk mothers in processing banana stems into innovative food products. With intensive training and assistance, it is hoped that PKK mothers can produce value-added food products from banana stem waste. In addition to providing health benefits to the community, this activity is also expected to improve the community's economy through the development of small and medium enterprises based on local resources. The results of this community service activity show that the processing of banana stem waste into food products can be successful. PKK mothers succeeded in producing food products that are not only beneficial for health, but also have good market potential. This success proves that banana stem waste can be a valuable resource if managed properly. Keywords: Musa paradisiaca, economy, health

Banana Stem Waste as a Sustainable Modifier for Microstructure Modification of Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cell Cathode

This study investigates the feasibility of utilizing banana stem waste (BSW) as a pore former to modify the microstructure of the PCFC composite cathode. The microstructure of the La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-α-Ba(Ce0.6Zr0.4)0.9Y0.1O3-δ (LSCF-BCZY64) composite cathode was modified by varying the amounts of the incorporated banana stem waste. The samples underwent sintering at 1000 ˚C, and their microstructural and physical properties were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and densimeter. The results indicate that the incorporation of BSW enhances the porosity of the cathode without significantly affecting its crystalline structure. As the amount of BSW increased from 10 to 40 wt.%, the porosity level increased from 7.0% to 32.7%, and the density of the samples decreased from 1.3 to 0.9 g/cm3, thereby supporting the results of the porosity analysis. Increased cathode porosity can enhance reactant accessibility to active sites, potentially resulting in improved cell performance and durability. Moreover, the utilization of BSW as a sustainable and cost-effective pore former aligns with the growing emphasis on environmentally friendly materials in energy applications.

Peningkatan Keterampilan Anggota WKRI Cabang Kristus Raja Semesta Alam Mopah Lama Merauke dalam Pengolahan Limbah Batang Pisang menjadi Gedebog Crispy

Bananas are one type of plant that many people plant in their yards or gardens. Banana trees consist of parts that have very high utility value, one of which is the banana stem. Banana stems have high nutritional value and can be processed into snacks for the family. Mothers who are members of the WKRI organization, KRSA Mopah Lama Merauke Branch, are invited to become skilled in utilizing natural ingredients available around them to make nutritious food for the family and can increase the family's economic income. Training on processing banana stem waste into crispy gedebog is one form of activity in order to improve the skills of WKRI women in processing natural waste which is very beneficial for the family. The method used in this activity is socialization about the benefits of banana stem waste and its nutritional value and direct training or practice in making crispy gedebog. The results of this training show that there is a transfer of knowledge to WKRI mothers. This was shown by the enthusiasm of the mothers in participating in the training activities through various questions asked of the presenters and their involvement in joint practice. This training adds new skills for WKRI women in managing banana stem waste into nutritious food for the family and can be used as innovation in entrepreneurship.

Valorization of banana waste by optimizing nitrocellulose production, yield, and solubility via nitrating acid mixtures and reaction time

The current research investigated the conversion of banana stem waste into cellulose nitrate, a potential bioplastic precursor. The research is of prime importance in terms of environmental pollution and sustainable development goals. The study aimed to isolate cellulose from banana stems, synthesize nitrocellulose, and assess its stability. Two different methods, that is, Method A, comprising HNO3 and H2SO4, and Method B, comprising HNO3 and P2O5, were applied to synthesize nitrocellulose, each using different acidic mixtures. Method A resulted in high nitrocellulose yield and higher nitrogen content but lower cellulose content. On the other hand, method B yielded nitrocellulose with a lower nitrogen content but higher cellulose content. It was found that composition of nitrating acid mixture, nitrating time, and ratio of nitrating acid–cellulose material influenced the yield and solubility of nitrocellulose. The highest yield of nitrocellulose was obtained using a 60:1 ratio of nitrating acid–cellulose material in method A and a 100:1 ratio of the same in method B after 90-min nitration time. It was also observed that nitrocellulose A was soluble in acetone and pyridine whereas nitrocellulose B was soluble in 1,4-dioxane, esters, and pyridine. Overall, the study demonstrated the feasibility of converting banana stem waste into a bioplastic precursor.

Enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose banana stem (alkaline microwave-assisted pre-treatment)

The banana stem waste holds immense promise as a readily available and abundant source of lignocellulosic biomass, making it a compelling alternative for biofuel and biochemical applications. Therefore, this study focuses on investigating the impact of both time and substrate loading on the enzymatic hydrolysis of banana stem cellulose that has undergone alkaline microwave-assisted pre-treatment. The pre-treatment method involves subjecting the biomass to 5% KOH for 30 min, followed by microwave exposure at 300 W for 5 min, a process aimed at enhancing the accessibility of cellulose. Enzymatic hydrolysis experiments were carried out utilizing cellulase enzymes derived from Aspergillus niger, with variations in hydrolysis times (ranging from 5 to 45 h) and enzyme-to-substrate ratios (ranging from 1:1 to 1:10). The results of this investigation revealed a substantial improvement in hydrolysis efficiency, owing to the synergistic effects of alkaline microwave-assisted pre-treatment, signifying enhanced cellulose accessibility. Notably, the highest concentration of reducing sugars (1.3 mg mL−1) was achieved at a substrate-to-enzyme ratio of 1:1 and a hydrolysis duration of 45 h. These findings provide valuable insights into the conversion of lignocellulosic biomass, emphasizing the potential of integrated pre-treatment strategies for sustainable biorefinery applications. This research contributes to advancing our understanding of lignocellulosic biomass utilization, offering a promising avenue for biofuel and biochemical production from banana stem waste.

Efektivitas Penambahan Limbah Kotoran Sapi Dalam Pengolahan Kompos Dari Limbah Daun Jati Menggunakan EM-4 Di Desa Tuksono Kecamatan Sentolo Kabupaten Kulonprogo

Tuksono Village is in Sentolo District, Kulon Progo Regency with a population of 8,560 people in 2021 and almost all Tuksono village residents have teak plantations of around 100 hectares. Large teak plantations produce dry teak leaf waste, this is because the adaptation of teak trees in the summer is to shed their leaves. So teak leaf waste is produced every dry season and causes problems for the surrounding environment. With these problems, efforts are needed to process teak leaf waste and based on the composition of teak leaves, it can be processed into compost. In the process of composting teak leaf waste with the addition of cow dung, the C, N and C/N ratios still do not meet SNI 19.7020-2004. This is because teak leaves have a relatively high carbon content, so for the composting process of teak leaves it is not enough to just add cow dung but requires additional materials that can increase the nitrogen content such as urea or banana stem waste. The most optimal composting results are obtained from comparing the composition of teak leaf waste and cow dung from 400 g of teak leaf waste: 100 g.

The Potential of Cigarette Butt Extract Against Bemisia Tabaci in Tomato

Innovation used cigarette butt extract added papaya leaves and banana stem against Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) become alternative reduce synthetic pesticide application in horticultural plant. The liquid do not produce residues on plant or soil. The aim of the research is to determine the effectiveness of cigarette butt, papaya leaves and banana stems in controlling B. tabaci on tomato. The research was conducted at the Basic Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University to prepare cigarette butt, nicotine maceration and nutrient content tests. Field trials were conducted at the experimental site of the Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University from September to December 2022. Five types of treatment applied on tomato plants: P0 (control), P1 (cigarette butt extract + papaya leaves), P2 (cigarette butt extract), P3 (banana stem waste) and P4 (cigarette butt extract + banana stem + papaya leaves). The result showed different results of each treatment. The highest B. tabaci attacked intensity at P0 (100%) and P3 (100%) while the lowest at P4 (33.3%). The highest growth height of tomato plant showed in P4 (33.3 cm) and the lowest in P3 (28.8 cm). The highest number of tomato leaves in P4 (49.7 leaves) and the lowest in P3 (36.3 leaves). The result indicated combine extract of cigarette butts, banana stem and papaya leaves increasing plant health and able reduce the attack intensity of B. tabaci.

The Influence of Solution Concentration and pH for Removal Indigo Carmine using Banana Stem as a Biosorbent

The textile industry is one sector that generates effluent containing a significant quantity of pollutants, including dyes, and thus has an effect on the environment. Synthetic dyes, which are toxic and difficult to degrade, are utilized extensively in the textile industry. Therefore, a new study utilizes banana stems as a cost-effective biosorbent to remove indigo carmine dye. This research aims to investigate the use of banana stem waste as a bisorobent in batch method to adsorption indigo carmine dye. The optimal concentration and pH values are 2 and 900 mg/L, respectively. The interaction between the indigo carmine dye and the banana stems is suggested by the FTIR analysis. The solution's indigo carmine dye may be adsorbed by banana stem.

Application of liquid organic fertilizer from wild banana stem waste (Musa acuminate) and coconut husk as a culture medium for Spirulina platensis

Microalgae are single-celled microorganisms with pigments and can produce photosynthesis to produce food and oxygen. The addition of liquid organic fertilizer from wild banana stem waste (Musa acuminata) and coconut husk as a source of nutrients can be used to increase the cell density of Spirulina platensis. This research was conducted on September 18-27 at the Hatchery and Aquaculture Technology Laboratory, Aquaculture Study Program, Department of Fisheries and Marine, Faculty of Agriculture, Malikussaleh University. The method used in this study is an experimental method with a non-factorial Complete Randomized Design (RAL) of 5 treatments and 3 repeats. The study is treatment A Control (Walne fertilizer), treatment B (Mixture of POC Waste of forest banana stems and coconut husk 12 ml / L of sea water), treatment C (Mixture of POC Waste of forest banana stems and coconut husk 14 ml / L of seawater), treatment D (Mixture of POC Waste of forest banana stems and coconut husk 16 ml / L of seawater), treatment E (Mixture of POC Forest banana stem waste and coconut husk 18 ml/L seawater). The results of this study showed that the use of POC from forest banana stem waste and coconut husk as a culture medium for Spirulina platensis had a real effect with F calculate 43,850 > F tabel (0.05) 3.48 to the peak population and had a real effect on the growth rate of Spirulina platensis with F calculate (26,884) > F table (0.05) 3.48.Keywords: Coconut husk; POC; Spirulina platensis; Wild banana stem waste.

Adsorptive Removal of Chromium (VI) Ions from Aqueous Solution by Banana Pseudo Stem Adsorbent

The presence of Cr ions in wastewater must be treated before being released into the environment due to its detrimental impact on both the environment and human health. In this study, the removal of Cr (VI) ions from an aqueous solution was investigated by adsorption using an adsorbent derived from agriculture wastes, banana pseudo stem. The adsorbent was prepared by oven-drying the banana stem waste at 105C for 24 h. The surface structure of the adsorbent was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to determine the removal efficiency of Cr (VI) ions based on four adsorption operation parameters: pH of the solution, adsorbent dosage, contact time and initial concentration of ion solution. At room temperature, the highest Cr (VI) ions removal of 88.2% was achieved using 0.5 g banana pseudo stem adsorbent, with an initial concentration of chromium solution of 500 ppm at pH 2 and after 90 min of contact time. For the equilibrium study, the experimental data were better fitted by the Langmuir isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 33.33 mg/g. Meanwhile, the kinetic isotherm was best fitted by the pseudo-second-order model. Therefore, the banana pseudo stem showed great potential as an efficient, low-cost and natural green adsorbent for Cr (VI) ions removal from an aqueous solution via adsorption.

Peningkatan Kualitas Laporan Keuangan : Pelatihan SAK-EMKM & Aplikasi KLEDO Pada Industri Keripik Batang Pisang Desa Cimenyan

The background is financial reports have not complied with accounting standards and no digital-based financial system innovations. This will affect banking decisions to provide financing assistance and MSMEs difficulties in sustaining their business. This service aims to improve the quality of financial reports and digital-based financial innovation (fintech) then MSMEs can be highly competitive and continuously reduce banana stem waste in Cimenyan. The method used is training & mentoring so that more "bankable" to prospective borrowers from banks and a more updated financial application system is produced. The finding is the reduction of banana stem waste in Cimenyan. The implication, training program, that in the end the bank approves the application for funds. The output is partners have knowledge about financial reports that are according to standards, more practical in the fintech era. They can be highly competitive and profitable for the MSME industry on a national and international scale.

The Effect of Banana Stem Powder on the Productivity of the Brown Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus cystidiosus)

Background: Brown Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus cystidiosus) is a type of mushroom that has different advantages from other oyster mushrooms. Generally, farmers make planting media for brown oyster mushrooms made from sawdust of sengon wood. The availability of raw materials for sawdust of sengon wood is increasingly difficult to obtain. So we need other alternative materials as a source of nutrition, one of which is banana stem waste. This study aims to determine the effect of banana stem flour on the diameter of the cap, the number of fruiting bodies, and the wet weight of the fungus. Methods: This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) which consisted of one factor. This study used 4 treatments and 3 replications. Data was tested by quantitative descriptive analysis using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test. Results: Banana stem flour has a significant effect on all parameters. The JM2 treatment resulted in a cap diameter of 10.3 cm, mushroom fruiting bodies of 10.6 and wet mushroom weight of 103.8 g. Conclusion: The addition of banana stem powder can increase productivity in the parameters of mushroom cap diameter, number of mushroom fruiting bodies, and wet weight of mushrooms, which can be used by readers or researchers. Utilization of waste such as sawdust of sengon wood and waste of banana fronds for the cultivation of brown oyster mushrooms is one way of handling plantation waste.

Propensity of a low-cost adsorbent derived from agricultural wastes to interact with cationic dyes in aqueous solutions.

Ash collected from thrown-away by-products while preparing a popular traditional food additive, kolakhar of the Assamese community of North East, India, was used as an alternate cost-effective, porous bioadsorbent option from the conventional activated carbon for the purification of carcinogenic dyes laden water. The base material for kolakhar preparation was taken from the discarded banana stem waste to stimulate agricultural waste management. Methylene blue (MB) and basic fuchsin (BF) dyes were used as model cationic dyes. Characterization techniques like CHN, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field emission-scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis of the prepared banana stem ash (BSA) reveal the presence of high inorganic contents and functional groups in the irregular, porous bioadsorbent with surface area 55.534 m2g-1. Various regulating parameters studied to optimize the adsorption capacity of BSA were bioadsorbent dose (0.1-3g/L), temperature (298-318K), contact time (0-150min), pH (2-9), and initial dye concentrations (10-40mg/L). Non-linear kinetic models suggested Elovich for both MB and BF adsorption, while the non-linear isotherm model suggested Langmuir and Temkin for MB and BF adsorption, respectively, as best-fitted curves. The monolayer adsorption capacity (qm) for MB and BF was 15.22mg/g and 24.08mg/g at 318K, respectively, with more than 95% removal efficiency for both dyes. The thermodynamic parameters studied indicated that the adsorption is spontaneous. The ∆H0 values of MB and BF adsorptions were 2.303kJ/mol (endothermic) and - 29.238kJ/mol (exothermic), respectively.

Banana Waste (Musa acuminata Cavendish Subgroup) as A Sources Eco-Feed for Ruminants in Lampung Province: Potential and Nutrient Content

This research was conducted to determine the potential of banana waste (Musa acuminata Cavendish Subgroup), nutritional content, and phytochemical compounds. This study used descriptive analysis using interviews and field observations, as well as proximate analysis of the nutrient content i.e. whole banana, banana peel, and banana stem waste, and also phytochemical screening of banana peels and banana stems. Based on dry matter, whole banana waste contains 10.23% Ash, 1.80% Fat, 3.82% Crude Protein (CP), 8.81 Crude Fiber (CF), and 75.34% Nitrogen-Free Extract (NFE). Banana peel waste contains 6.33% Ash, 4.12% Fat, 4.67% CP, 18.46 CF, and 66.42% (NFE). Banana stem waste contains 25.84% Ash, 1.74% Fat, 11.64% CP, 41.88 CF, and 18.90% (NFE). Banana banana stems and peels contains flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and terpenoids but they does not contain alkaloids. Whole banana waste, or banana peel and banana stem waste, from the Cavendish banana species (Musa acuminata Cavendish Subgroup) has the potential to be used as animal feed ingredients, especially for ruminants. However, further research is needed for livestock or the processing of banana waste to be optimally utilized.

Utilization of Fermented Banana Stems Kepok Waste Using Eco enzymes on Carcass Percentage of Local Male Sheep

The cost of feed is the largest proportion in raising livestock. This study aims to determine the effect of the administration of fermented kepok banana stem waste using eco enzymes as an alternative feed on local sheep. This research was conducted at Alvino Farm in September - December 2022. The design used was completely randomized (RAL) with four treatments and five replications so that 20 experimental units were obtained. The sheep used were 20 local sheep with an initial weight of 19.65 ± 1 kg. The treatments given were P0 (80% field grass + 20% concentrate without fermented banana stems), P1 (70% field grass + 20% concentrate + 10% fermented banana stems), P2 (60% field grass + 20% concentrate + 20 % fermented banana stems), and P3 (50% field grass + 20% concentrate + 30% fermented banana stems). The parameters studied were final weight, slaughter weight, empty body weight, carcass weight, and carcass percentage. The results showed that the provision of fermented banana stems up to a level of 30% improve empty body weight. However, it do not improve final weight, slaughter weight, carcass weight, and carcass percentage.

SOSIALISASI DAN PENDAMPINGAN PEMBUATAN PAKAN TERNAK ALTERNATIF DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN LIMBAH BATANG PISANG DI DESA LAKAT KECAMATAN KUATNANA KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH SELATAN

Lakat Village located in the Kuatnana District, Timor Tengah Selatan Regency. Generally utilizes banana stem waste as livestock feed without any processing, by directly chopping and feeding it to the livestock. However, the community's lack of knowledge and skills in utilizing banana stem waste as livestock feed prompted the aid workers to educate and assist the Lakat village community in optimizing the utilization of banana stem waste. Socialization and demonstration methods were employed. As a result of this community service program, the knowledge and skills of the Lakat village community in utilizing banana stem waste as an alternative feed for livestock increased by 65% and 85.5%, respectively.

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Pengolahan Batang Pisang Menjadi Benang Sebagai Bahan Baku Kain dan Industri Kreatif

This community service activity aims to improve the economy of the village community and bring biomaterial research innovation results through the processing of banana stems into yarn as a raw material for cloth and the creative industry. The method of implementing this service used training which consisted of the stages of program introduction, processing of banana stem waste, and commercialization. The partners for this activity were the people in Sidorejo Village, Sukosewu District, Bojonegoro Regency, which are members of youth organizations. The results of this community service activity were analyzed descriptively, and simple banana stem processing positively impacted new knowledge and sources of income. The people of Siderejo village got additional daily income, activities for local economic development, and added value in knowledge, affective, and motor skills.

The early heading growth stage of rice plants in using the SRI method by giving liquid organic fertilizer of coconut husk and banana stems

Coconut husk and banana stem waste can be used as a source of organic material for plants which is utilized in the form of liquid organic fertilizer. This study aims to determine the interaction between types of liquid organic fertilizer and the concentration of liquid organic fertilizer. This research was carried out in Sungai Bangek, Balai Gadang Village, Koto Tangah District, Padang City from June until September 2022. The design used was a split plot in a randomized block design. The main plot is liquid organic fertilizer with 2 levels of coconut husk and banana stem while the subplot is liquid organic fertilizer concentration consisting of 7 levels (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 ml/liter). The data were analyzed through variance analysis using the F test and if significant, it was continued with Duncan New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) with a significance level of 5%. The data is processed with Stat8 software. The observed variables consisted of plant height, the number of tillers, leaf area index, relative growth rate, and net assimilation rate. The results obtained on the growth variable have not shown significant results in every observed observation. There was a very strong correlation between the number of tillers and the leaf area index which had a unidirectional relationship. There was a fairly strong correlation between the leaf area index and net assimilation rate which has an opposite relationship.

Low-Cost Production of Fe3O4/C Nanocomposite Anodes Derived from Banana Stem Waste Recycling for Sustainable Lithium-Ion Batteries

The development of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has become an important aspect of advanced technologies. Although LIBS have already outperformed other secondary batteries, they still require improvement in various aspects. Most crucially, graphite, the commercial anode, has a lower capacity than emerging materials. The goal of this research is to develop carbon-based materials from sustainable sources. Banana stem waste was employed as a precursor because of its xylem structure and large surface area. In addition, catalytic graphitization of biomass yields both graphitic carbon and metal oxides, which can be converted into higher-capacity Fe3O4/C nanocomposites. The nanocomposites consist of nanoparticles distributed on the surface of the carbon sheet. It was found that Fe3O4/C nanocomposites not only achieved a superior specific capacity (405.6 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g), but also had good stability in long-term cycling (1000 cycles). Interestingly, they had a significantly greater capacity than graphite at a high current density (2 A/g), 172.8 mAh/g compared to 63.9 mAh/g. For these reasons, the simple preparation approach, with its environmental friendliness and low cost, can be employed to produce Fe3O4/C nanocomposites with good electrochemical properties. Thus, this approach may be applicable to varied biomasses. These newly developed Fe3O4/C nanocomposites derived from banana waste recycling were found to be suitable to be used as anodes for sustainable LIBs.