Bamboo Expansion Research Articles

Characteristics of isoprene emission from moso bamboo leaves in a forest in central Taiwan

The expansion of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) may potentially impact regional isoprene emissions. Modeling based on field measurements is an effective approach for assessing the potential impact of the moso bamboo expansion. The G93 algorithm is one of the most widely used models, however no studies have tested the applicability of the algorithm for moso bamboo isoprene emission. This study was undertaken to establish a model for reproducing moso bamboo isoprene emission fluxes. To this aim, this study examined 1) the isoprene emission ability of moso bamboo, and 2) its responses to environmental factors such as leaf temperature and light. We also tested 3) the reproducibility of the G93 algorithm for moso bamboo isoprene emission fluxes. This study used a chamber method with a modified photosynthesis system and carbon absorbents to quantify isoprene emitted from bamboo leaves in central Taiwan under the humid subtropical climate. First, we screened isoprene emission from 12 bamboo species, and the results confirmed that moso bamboo exhibited significant isoprene emission potential. Second, we measured isoprene emission fluxes from moso bamboo leaves with light controls every month from summer to spring. The isoprene emission fluxes increased with photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD); under sufficient PPFD conditions, the seasonal changes in the isoprene emission fluxes were regulated by leaf temperature, and low isoprene emission fluxes were found in low leaf temperature conditions. Thirdly, overestimations were observed in the G93 algorithm with the original parameters in periods with leaf temperatures <23 °C. Using the G93 algorithm with site-specific parameters could improve the overestimation in the low-temperature period. This study suggests the necessity of parameterization in the G93 algorithm to reproduce the suppression of isoprene emission fluxes from moso bamboo leaves in the low-temperature period.

English

Highland bamboo (Yushania alpina) plays an important role in various socio-economic aspects in Ethiopia. However, these socio-economic roles and the associated challenges have not been studied in Bibugn District of East Gojjam, Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the socio-economic importance of highland bamboo and the associated challenges for its expansion. For this study, four rural sub-districts were selected purposively. Both semi-structured questionnaires and key informant interviews were used for data collection. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS version 20) and excel 2016 were employed for the data analysis. The result indicated that there were 82 respondents who have got their own bamboo lots while the remaining 53 respondents did not have their own bamboo lots. The study also revealed that about 149 ha of land was covered by highland bamboo culm under the four sub-districts of the district. Highland bamboo in the study area has been used frequently for house construction, flooring, basket making, source of income and for other household utensils. Among challenges and constrains of highland bamboo expansion in the study area, the most frequent ones were; less market demand followed by land scarcity and eucalyptus expansion competing with bamboo expansion. Statistically, there were no significant difference (p&gt;0.05) among sub-districts on the challenges on highland bamboo expansion. For enhancing the socio-economic significance of Bamboo plant in the area, addressing the challenges through awareness creation, proper harvesting, processing, value addition and diversification of products is recommended.&nbsp;&nbsp; Key words: Yushania alpina, bamboo, challenges, expansion, socio-economic importance. &nbsp

Spatial Pattern and Competitive Relationships of Moso Bamboo in a Native Subtropical Rainforest Community

Bamboo has invaded native forests worldwide, and its aggressive spread by rhizomes facilitates patch expansion and the eventual replacement of adjacent forests. However, fine-scale studies of the spatial pattern and competitive relationships of bamboo in native forests are still lacking. We obtained data from nine plots in a native south subtropical rainforest in Guizhou Province, northwest China. Pair-correlation functions indicated that competition caused by bamboo expansion has not led to large-scale regular spatial distributions in bamboo forest and negative density-related dependence mechanisms regulating the spatial pattern of the native forest community. Marked correlation functions indicated small bamboo in clusters form colony patches that grow around the larger mature trees, resulting in patch expansion in the native forest community. Mark variogram functions identified significant positive spatial autocorrelation of moso bamboo caused by interactions with similar-sized trees within colony patches. This study showed that moso bamboo has colonized and expanded within the native forest community. Compared to the native forest species, the strategy of patch expansion and equal tree sizes in colony patches of moso bamboo could prevent regular distribution trend and size-asymmetric competition between nearby bamboo for the asymmetric and limited sources (i.e., light) in the forest, enhancing the persistence of moso bamboo in the native forest in our study stand located in a south subtropical rainforest in a river valley.

A simple method to estimate the rate of the bamboo expansion based on one‐time measurement of spatial distribution of culms

AbstractMoso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) groves have been expanding in Japanese forests, thus an assessment of the rate of bamboo grove expansion is a critical issue. Previous studies used time‐series data which span typically more than a few years in order to determine the expansion of bamboo groves. This method cannot be used when time‐series data were not available. In this study, we developed and tested a simple indicator based on one‐time measurement of spatial distribution of culms to estimate the rate of bamboo grove expansion. Among 19 locations at four sites, the distribution patterns of culms from the pure bamboo stands to the expanding front were highly correlated with the actual edge expansion rate (E) based on the aerial photographs collected over ca. 15‐ and 30‐year periods. In contrast, the culm density in the original stand itself was not correlated with E. These results suggest that one‐time measurement of the distribution patterns of living culms (but not stand density) could be a useful indicator for estimating the expansion rates of bamboo groves.

Seedling Community in a Patchy Tropical Vegetation Under the Influence of Bamboos

As a group adapted to invade disturbed sites, bamboos can dominate extensive areas and, thus, alter vegetation structure and dynamics. However, the effect of bamboo expansion associated to human activity on seedling communities in tropical forests remains poorly known. We investigated the correlation of the native bamboo Guadua tagoara presence for a year on the abundance, richness, diversity, dominance, evenness, emergence, mortality, and growth of the first months of the native seedlings establishment in an Atlantic forest area, São Paulo State, Brazil. Bamboo presence favored the initial establishment of the palm Euterpe edulis seedlings but altered seedling community structure as a whole. Species richness did not differ between bamboo and nonbamboo dominated habitats, but abundance, diversity, and evenness did. Bamboo habitats showed higher seedling abundance, emergence, and mortality than in habitats without bamboos. However, diversity was lower in these habitats. Our results shed light on the role of bamboo presence in limiting early establishment of native seedlings but favoring the first months of establishment of E. edulis, the dominant species in bamboo habitats (70%). Therefore, the monitoring of more specific variables could be included (i.e., bamboo culm density, soil type, decomposition of organic matter, fauna living, or foraging in bamboos) in future studies to better understand the consequences of bamboo dominance on the recruitment and dynamics of tropical forests biodiversity in the long term.

Accessing the impacts of bamboo expansion on NPP and N cycling in evergreen broadleaved forest in subtropical China

Bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) expansion into adjacent forests is a widespread phenomenon in subtropical regions, and it has greatly changed the dominance hierarchy from trees to bamboos. This process may be accompanied by changes in productivity, nutrients accumulation and biogeochemical cycles. We compared the net primary production (NPP) and major pools and fluxes of nitrogen (N) in bamboo-dominant forest (BDF) and neighboring secondary evergreen broadleaved forest (EBF) in South China using the space-for-time substitution method. We found that the mean NPP of the BDF was 30.0 t ha−1 yr−1, which was 51.5% greater than that of the EBF (19.8 t ha−1 yr−1). The plant N pool for the BDF was 37.5% larger than that of the EBF, whereas the soil inorganic N pool significantly decreased by 31.2% with conversion of the EBF to BDF. Additionally, the ratio of N return to N uptake was 0.69 in the BDF and 0.88 in the EBF because of the lower litter N return of the BDF compared with that of the EBF. These results indicated that the expansion of P. pubescens significantly increased the NPP and plant N accumulation but reduced the soil N available pool and slowed the N cycling rate, which could lead to soil degradation.

Degradation and recovery of an alpine plant community: experimental removal of an encroaching dwarf bamboo

The dwarf bamboo Sasa kurilensis has responded to recent climate change by expanding its distribution into alpine snow meadows in Japan. Tall, dense clonal patches of bamboo suppress alpine plant growth, alter ecosystem functioning, and reduce diversity. We aim to assess the ecological impacts of bamboo expansion and the effectiveness of bamboo control for restoring alpine vegetation and species diversity. We quantified the extent of bamboo expansion, its effects on an alpine ecosystem, and the recovery of species diversity by bamboo removal over 6 years in Daisetsuzan National Park, northern Japan. We established paired, experimental plots assigned to either removal or control treatments following an encroaching gradient from interior to terminal locations in a large bamboo patch. We monitored bamboo development and aboveground production, and its impact on soil moisture and species diversity to assess the recovery process of snow meadow species after its removal. In control plots, bamboo density consistently increased and accumulated biomass from year to year. In the removal treatment, bamboo culm density, height and biomass decreased through time at all locations. Furthermore, soil moisture increased in the removal plots and remained consistently higher than controls throughout the growing season. Dwarf bamboo strongly suppressed alpine plants and reduced species diversity. However, alpine snow meadow species rapidly recovered and diversity increased through time in the removal treatment. This study presents an effective management strategy for restoring alpine plant diversity impacted by bamboo expansion under global climate change.

Satellite-based detection of bamboo expansion over the past 30 years in Mount Tianmushan, China

ABSTRACTThe present work aims to detect bamboo expansion and its impact on carbon storage in a thick forest in the most recent 30 years. The research area is the national nature reserve of Tianmushan, Zhejiang Province, China, and the present paper monitored bamboo expansion from 1984 to 2015. Multi-spectral band and vegetation indices from Landsat images in summer and winter are used combined to improve the accuracy of detection using a support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Expansion of bamboo over this period is evident. Total expansion is 161%, the fastest annual rate being 11.6%. However, over recent decades the growth of bamboo has been inhibited by human activity and the total area has decreased by 21%. Evergreen broadleaf forest is the most vulnerable to invasion by bamboo at a ratio of about 65%, and this expanding trend has been brought under effective control. Carbon storage was estimated using sample plot surveys and modelling based on key ecological forests. According to our estimation using carbon storage models, the total carbon storage of Tianmushan has declined by circa 4.7% due to bamboo expansion in the past three decades.

Degradation of litter quality and decline of soil nitrogen mineralization after moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubscens) expansion to neighboring broadleaved forest in subtropical China

Aims Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) is a typical native invasive plant imposing serious threats on ecosystem processes and functions. A primary concern is alterations of litter and soil N mineralization in evergreen broadleaved forests coupled with bamboo population expansion.

毛竹种群向针阔林扩张的根系形态可塑性

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 毛竹种群向针阔林扩张的根系形态可塑性 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201401190143 作者: 作者单位: 浙江农林大学浙江省森林生态系统碳循环与固碳减排重点实验室,浙江农林大学浙江省森林生态系统碳循环与固碳减排重点实验室,浙江农林大学浙江省森林生态系统碳循环与固碳减排重点实验室,浙江农林大学浙江省森林生态系统碳循环与固碳减排重点实验室,浙江农林大学浙江省森林生态系统碳循环与固碳减排重点实验室,浙江农林大学浙江省森林生态系统碳循环与固碳减排重点实验室,浙江农林大学浙江省森林生态系统碳循环与固碳减排重点实验室 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目(31170594;31270497);浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY14C160010);浙江农林大学科研发展基金资助项目(2009FR060);临安市科技发展计划项目(05067) The response of root morphological plasticity to the expansion of a population of Phyllostachys edulis into a mixed needle-and broad-leaved forest Author: Affiliation: Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University,Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University,,,,, Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:为了弄清毛竹(Phyllostachys edulis)向针阔林扩张过程中根系的形态可塑性反应,在浙江天目山自然保护区毛竹向针阔林扩张的典型过渡地带,连续区域上设置毛竹纯林、针阔-毛竹混交林(以下简称过渡林)、针阔林3种样地。用根钻法采集样地毛竹根系、针阔树根系并比对其生物量密度、细根比根长、相邻同级侧根节点距等形态特征参数变化。结果表明:随着毛竹的扩张程度增加,林内根系生物量密度增加;且与针阔树竞争过程中毛竹将更多的根系放置于表层;同时在水平方向上随离样株距离的增加未出现明显变化,而针阔树根系则随离样木距离的增加而逐渐减少;毛竹根系比根长明显增加,平均增幅15%;一、二级侧根节点距则均有所下降,毛竹侧根数量增多。这些结果表明毛竹种群可通过根系生物量密度、细根比根长、相邻同级侧根节点距等形态可塑性方式实现向周边森林扩张。 Abstract:Moso bamboo(Phyllostachys edulis), an economically important plant, is often cultivated not only for its delicious shoots and versatile culms, but also as an important biomass resource in southern China. However, with its robust growth and strong rhizomes, Moso bamboo populations have been expanding rapidly into adjacent forests. Root plasticity may enable the bamboo to efficiently forage for nutrients in heterogeneous soils. The ability of a Moso bamboo plant to respond to competition through root plasticity may be an important trait for the species, but little information is available on how root systems respond to belowground competition during colony expansion. To provide baseline information on the morphological plasticity of the response of Moso bamboo roots during population expansion, we continuously sampled three forest types. These were 1) Moso bamboo forest; 2) mixed bamboo, needle-and broad-leaved forest(or transition forest); and 3) mixed needle-and broad-leaved forest. This study was conducted in a typical transition zone in the TianMu Mountain Nature Reserve, Zhejiang Province, China, where there is ongoing bamboo expansion. Rhizomes and roots from Moso bamboo, and roots from mixed needle-and broad-leaved trees were collected by the soil core method to analyze root morphological parameters, including root biomass density, special root length, and internodes length of lateral roots of the same order. The results showed that(1) the root/rhizome system biomass of the three forest types could be ranked as Moso bamboo forest(Moso bamboo root/rhizome system biomass=1630.46 g/m2) > Moso bamboo in the transition forest(902.76 g/m2) > the mixed needle-and broad-leaved forest(the needle-and broad-leaved trees root system biomass=412.76 g/m2) > the needle-and broad-leaved trees root system biomass in the transition forest(272.36 g/m2). As Moso bamboo expanded into a mixed needle-and broad-leaved forest, Moso bamboo culm density increased gradually, with a corresponding increase in root biomass.(2) In a vertical direction, the root system biomass of Moso bamboo in the 0-10 cm soil layer increased from 44% of all root biomass in the Moso bamboo forest to 56% in the transition forest. Simultaneously, the root biomass of needle-and broad-leaved trees shifted from the upper to lower soil layers. The root system of Moso bamboo managed to place more biomass in upper soil layers when it encountered other trees, allowing it to gain a competitive advantage.(3) In the horizontal direction, the root biomass of Moso bamboo did not significantly decline with an increase in distance from the sample tree, while the root biomasses of needle-and broad-leaved trees decreased with increasing distance from the sample tree.(4) The special root length of Moso bamboo in the transition forest increased by an average of 15% compared to the Moso bamboo forest, while the internodes length of first and second lateral roots decreased. The number of bamboo lateral roots also increased. Moso bamboo, with its ability to increase the special root length and decrease the length of the lateral root internodes, would outcompete trees in the belowground environment. These findings indicate that the morphological plasticity of Moso bamboo, shown by its root biomass, special root length, and internode length of the same order lateral roots, easily results in the expansion of Moso bamboo populations into surrounding forest. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Local and scientific perspectives on the bamboo-dominated forest in Acre, Brazil: a complementary knowledge base for multiple-use forest management

SUMMARY The sparse documentation of local knowledge of Guadua (Poaceae: Bambuseae)-dominated forests has hampered development of sound timber and multiple-use management plans for this forest type. The benefits and constraints of smallholder management systems were evaluated within the context of bamboo-dominated forests using available scientific literature, local knowledge in Acre, Brazil, and botanical survey data. Scientific literature on the subject pointed to numerous benefits of Guadua-dominated forests, including fertile soil for the cultivation of important agricultural crops, results corroborated by local forest managers. Interviews with local informants also substantiated that tree removal by logging crews has favoured bamboo expansion and increased fire risk—views that correspond with the scientific literature on anthropogenic disturbances in bamboo-dominated forests. Yet, these same informants identified the important role that this forest type plays in their broader land management strategie...

Ecological studies on bamboo expansion: process, consequence and mechanism

竹子是竹亚科植物的总称,在人类文化与经济活动中扮演着重要角色,然而竹子也会向其邻近的生态系统不断入侵扩张,引发一系列生态环境问题。该综述试图从竹子扩张过程、扩张后效、扩张机制等方面,总结竹子扩张生态学方面取得的研究进展,以期为生态系统保护提供参考。综述认为：（1）竹子扩张过程主要包括地下渗透、地上成竹、竞争排斥和优势维持4个阶段;（2）竹子扩张不同程度地会影响邻近生态系统的群落组成与结构、生物多样性、土壤性质、生态过程与功能,并造成生态景观的破坏;（3）竹子扩张既与其生长快速、繁殖力强、形态多样、集团协同等内禀优势有关,也与邻近生态系统可入侵性有关;竹子可通过遮光、机械损伤、凋落物抑制、养分竞争与化感作用等直接或间接的竞争方式排斥其他植物,且自然或人类干扰有利于竹子扩张。因此,竹子扩张机制符合＂内禀优势-资源机遇-干扰促进＂的生物入侵假说。建议在未来环境变化背景下,加强竹子对环境变化的响应与适应、竹林-阔（针）叶林界面特征、竹子扩张过程与格局、扩张生态效应评价、竹子扩张防控与合理利用等领域的研究。

Spatial patterns and processes of bamboo expansion in Southern China

This paper analyzes the spatial distribution and patterns of land use change associated with expansion of bamboo production in three important bamboo-producing counties (Anji, Pingjiang and Muchuan) along a development gradient in China. Existing and new bamboo plantations tend to be located at higher elevation and on sloping lands around formerly established plantations, with different patterns of expansion related to the level of development of the bamboo industry and general economic development in the county. Distance to factory is more important for low value-added products where raw material represents a high percentage of production costs.

Bamboo forestry in China: toward environmentally friendly expansion

Bamboo, with a long tradition in China, is one of the emerging sectors in the Chinese economy. It is making an increasingly large contribution to farmers' income and playing an important role in rural industrial development. Bamboo products are also being substituted for wood products, a process that has been accelerated by a variety of policy measures. However, the bamboo expansion has come at a cost to the environment. This article discusses the bamboo sector, with particular focus on Anji County (Zhejiang), and reviews the new policies being applied in an attempt to integrate the interests of development and the environment. (YS)