Balinese Society Research Articles

Menyama Braya dalam Masyarakat Bali (Perspektif Pendidikan Agama Hindu)

Hindu religious education must be taught to become a guide to life that contains many values ​​and norms that will help people live in all things, including their relationship with Sang Hyang Widhi, fellow humans, and their environment. Menyama braya, meaning "brother", is a well-known social value system in Hindu Bali. The concept of equaling braya is a strong foundation in building harmony and implementing respect between religious communities. This research uses a purposive technique, which means that subjects are selected based on research objectives so that informants can provide the necessary information and aim to obtain the necessary and valid information. Data collection in this research refers to the principle that the researcher is the main tool for conducting research which is used objectively and in accordance with the research objectives. Researchers will also collect data through interviews, observation and documentation with appropriate methods, researchers can obtain accurate results and can help in decision making or policy making in the future. In this research, to analyze Menyama Braya in Balinese Society, perfect Hindu Religious Education in its analysis discusses Menyama Braya in the Balinese Community, namely building social harmony and togetherness between fellow citizens in society. There are many religious and cultural values ​​contained in this tradition, especially in relation to Hindu religious education. The function of Hindu religious education is in the menyama braya tradition in the Balinese community which emphasizes building togetherness, developing local culture and traditions, fostering harmony. The Value of Hindu Religious Education in Embracing Braya in the Balinese Community. The value of Hindu religious education plays an important role in preserving and strengthening the concept of Menyama Braya in Balinese society. These religious values ​​emphasize the importance of unlimited brotherhood, helping each other and maintaining balance, respect, and commitment to environmental cleanliness.

Stories of women's marriage and fertility experiences:Qualitative research on urban and rural cases in Bali, Indonesia.

As a Hindu-majority province in Indonesia, Bali presents a unique and distinctive culture. Patrilocal ( purusa) marriage and patrilineal inheritance as a continuation of the patriarchal system puts a male in the key role of family representative and successor. Having a son is a priority for a married couple in Balinese society. As a consequence, Balinese women experience several constraints related to their economic productive, reproductive, and adat (ritual) roles. When a family does not have a male heir, their daughter is pressed to find a spouse willing to accept sentana (daughter succession) marriage. This secondary form of marriage brings another complication for Balinese-Hindu women and does not necessarily relieve their submissive position. This study analyzes Balinese-Hindu women's perspectives on their marriage experiences and fertility decisions in patrilineal society in changing rural and urban conditions. The data was collected in two areas representing rural (Gianyar) and urban (Denpasar) locations in Bali Province, Indonesia from November 2019 to February 2020. Primary data was based on in-depth interviews of six rural and six urban married Balinese-Hindu women. This qualitative inquiry into Balinese women's experience of the marriage system and fertility options in urban and rural Bali revealed varying degrees of social expectation to provide male descendants for their families. At the same time, economic burdens still haunted them in this development era and manifested conflicting implications for family size. Their stories of purusa and sentana marriage were complex because it has strongly associated with customary law ( adat) in traditional society. Paradoxically, this study found that it was predominantly rural women who opted for the sentana arrangement and expressed a preference for smaller family sizes. This study explores women's fertility aspirations, notably regarding son precedence. It problematizes the sentana marriage alternative as a potential solution to alleviate the expectations and burdens placed on women.

Konsep Tri Hita Karana dan sapta pesona pada desa wisata Penglipuran

The aim of this research is to review the tourist village of Penglipuran based on the theory of tourist destination. Penglipuran village is famous as one of the tourist destinations in Bali because of its society, which still preserves its traditional culture in its daily lives. The architecture of buildings and land processing still follows the concept of Tri Hita Karana, the philosophy of Balinese society regarding the balance of relations between God, humans, and their environment. Penglipuran Village succeeded in building tourism that benefited all of their communities without losing their culture and traditions. Penglipuran Village is one of the traditional villages in Bali that still maintains local wisdom until now. One of the local wisdom in Penglipuran village is the arrangement of a community spatial pattern that takes the Tri Mandala concept by dividing the roots into three zones. They are the main zone, middle, and Nista. Customs, values of mutual cooperation and kinship, as well as the local wisdom of the local community are based on the concept of Tri Hita Karana. The research method that we use is a qualitative method and a quantitative method to find bright spots from the papers that we made. The findings show that the tourist village of Penglipuran has already met the criteria as a tourist village destination and also meets the concept of Tri Hita Karana.

Spotlighting the Neglect of Balinese Women's and Children's Rights in Custody Court Decisions

The Balinese society adheres to a patrilineal kinship system in which men are considered the successors of the lineage. This system often serves as the rationale for awarding child custody to fathers in divorce cases, frequently disregarding the rights of the mother and the best interests of the child. This study examines the implications of the patrilineal kinship system on divorce proceedings, the criteria used by judges in child custody decisions among the Balinese, and the potential for reconstructing child custody arrangements to prioritize the child's best interests. It is a legal research that examines the normative issues regarding child custody in a patrilineal society with a gender perspective. This paper suggests that decisions regarding child custody should refer to the child's best interests principle and gender responsiveness. In the event of a divorce, a wife is typically returned to her parents by her husband's extended family, a process known as “mulih deha”, which effectively reverts her to the status of a girl, implying she has no children and does not retain any marital property. Societal culture holds that a child is considered secure in the father's household, even if the paternal grandparents provide care. This entrenched belief system discourages Balinese women from pursuing child custody. A co-parenting model, allowing both parents to remain actively involved, can help reconstruct child custody arrangements to serve the child's best interests better.

Classification of Tri Pramana learning activities in virtual reality environment using convolutional neural network

<em><span lang="EN-GB">Tri Pramana</span></em><span lang="EN-GB"> as the local genius of Balinese society, is now adopted in the education system. This adaptation results in a Learning Cycle Model which essentially consists of three classes namely </span><em><span lang="EN-GB">Sabda Pramana</span></em><span lang="EN-GB"> (theoretical study), </span><em><span lang="EN-GB">Pratyaksa Pramana</span></em><span lang="EN-GB"> (direct observation), and </span><em><span lang="EN-GB">Anumana Pramana</span></em><span lang="EN-GB"> (practicum). In learning activities, it is difficult for educators to fully observe individuals to find out the most suitable learning model. Through Virtual Environment Technology, educators can observe students more freely through the recording of students' activities. However, in its implementation, manual analysis requires large resources. Deep Learning approach based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is able to automate this analysis process through the classification ability of the image of the recorded learner activity. To produce a robust CNN model, this research compares four of the most commonly used architectures, namely ResNet-50, MobileNetV2, InceptionV3, and Xception. Each architecture is tuned using a combination of learning rate and batch size. Through a 512 x 512 resolution dataset with 70% training subset (4,541 images), 20% validation (1,296 images), and 10% test (652 images), the best ResNet model is obtained with a learning rate configuration of 1e-3 and batch size 64 with an accuracy of 99.39%, precision of 99.37%, and recall of 99.42%.</span>

The Intersection of Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Balinese and Digital Nomads

The adaptation of Balinese society to the presence of digital nomads involves a complex process of cross-cultural communication that extends beyond cultural aspects alone. The ways in which digital nomads and local residents interact and understand each other are influenced by various communication patterns they employ. Cultural differences, social norms, and language barriers impact how these two groups communicate. This research aims to provide a deeper understanding of how the Balinese society adapts to the presence of digital nomads, viewed through the lens of Young Yun Kim's cross-cultural adaptation theory. The research method used in this study is qualitative research. In conclusion, the cross-cultural adaptation between the Balinese society and digital nomads demonstrates that both groups can create a harmonious and mutually beneficial environment through open communication, mutual understanding, and a willingness to adapt

Analisa Pengetahuan Pecalang sebagai Pengatur Lalu Lintas

As a traditional security officer in Balinese society, Pecalang has a very important role, especially in keeping traditional and religious activities running. Along with the progress of the times, apart from being a security officer for traditional activities, Pecalang also has a duty as police intelligence in providing information about the areas it guards. The existence of this transformation of pecalang tasks requires pecalang to be more active in updating information and knowledge about the tasks that are being or will be carried out. In this study, the knowledge of pecalang was extracted on the task of pecalang as a traffic controller, both in carrying out the duties as the person in charge of diverting traffic flow and conditioning parking vehicles. The method used in this study is a method of collecting data with a questionnaire or questionnaire in which the questions asked are divided into several topics related to the task of pecalang as traffic controllers. Based on the analysis of the collected questionnaires, it was found that the knowledge of Pecalang in Pakraman Cemagi Village related to their duties as traffic controllers as follows: Pecalang already understands or knows about traffic and the duties of Pecalang, about traffic signs, about traffic procedures, and about parking. However, pecalangs do not understand or know less about traffic laws and regulations, about road markings and intersections, as well as about diversion, closure and classification of road divisions.

The Performance of the Baris Goak Dance in the Pujawali Ceremony at Pura Puseh, Selulung indigenous village, Kintamani, Bangli Regency

This study explores the significance of religious ceremonies in Hindu communities, with a focus on the Pura Puseh temple and the Baris Goak dance in Selulung, Kintamani, Bali. Pura Puseh, an ancient temple of the Kahyangan Tiga, serves as a key site for rituals connected to prosperity and blessings. The Baris Goak dance, unique to Selulung, is a sacred performance that symbolically represents the battle between crows (seen as harbingers of death) and a spiritual hero, Mangku Pucangan. Rooted in cultural and historical narratives, this dance integrates traditional music, costumes, and rituals, reflecting the deep relationship between art, religion, and community identity in Balinese society. The historical development of Selulung village, driven by unity and leadership, further illustrates how these cultural practices have been preserved and continue to play a central role in maintaining spiritual and social harmony. The preservation of the Baris Goak dance, supported by village customs and regulations, highlights the enduring transmission of spiritual and cultural values across generations, ensuring the continuation of a rich heritage in the modern era.

Paradoks Perubahan Sosial Bali dalam Cerpen Indonesia dan Bali Modern

This article discusses the representation of Balinese social change in modern Indonesian and Balinese short stories. The objects of study are the Indonesian short story, "Paradoks" by Putu Wijaya and the Balinese short story, "Jaen Idup di Bali" by Made Suar-Timuhun. The main problem in this study is how social change in Bali and the response of the Balinese people represented in these two short stories. By using semiotics theory, especially Algirdas J. Greimas' isotopic analysis model, this study finds that the two short stories represent a paradox in Balinese social change. The Balinese characters in the short story are described as viewing Balinese social change with anxiety, whereas people from outside Bali see Balinese social change as a gift that must be grateful for. This paradoxical picture reflects the social reality in Balinese society today in facing social changes in its homeland.

Intellectual Capital in Management of Village Credit Institutions Towards Business Sustainability Based Catur Purusa Artha

Objectives: Business continuity of the Village Credit Institution in Bali is closely related to the customs and culture of Balinese society, which are based on Hinduism. The key to successful intermediation by the Village Credit Institution as a microfinance institution is heavily influenced by local rules strictly adhered to by the Balinese people. The key to competitive advantage for the Village Credit Institution can be seen from the number of strategic resources it possesses, especially immaterial or intangible assets that are not visible on the balance sheet. The research objective is to test the Resource-Based View Theory in relation to intellectual capital and business continuity of the Village Credit Institution, as measured by the philosophy of Catur Purusa Artha. Methods: The research method used to answer the research objectives involved a quantitative test with a Partial Least Square (PLS) approach. Results: The results of the research show that structural capital, social capital, and reputation capital can improve the performance and continuity of the Village Credit Institution. The mediating variable tested in this study is the performance of the Village Credit Institution, which serves as a mediating variable for the effect of structural capital, social capital, and reputation capital on the sustainability of the Village Credit Institution in Bali. Increasing structural capital involves a better understanding of the organizational structure that emphasizes internal control structures and social capital, which includes understanding the common goals of traditional villages. Reputation capital involves maintaining policies that favor indigenous villagers without sacrificing the profitability of the Village Credit Institution. Conclusion: The study concludes that intellectual capital, including structural, social, and reputation capital, plays a significant role in enhancing the performance and sustainability of the Village Credit Institution in Bali. The research highlights the importance of maintaining a balance between adhering to local customs and ensuring profitability to achieve long-term business continuity.

The Animal Signs in Determining Good and Bad Days in the Ala Ayuning Dewasa on Balinese Caka Calendar

Time determines the good and bad day to start doing something in Balinese society. This study aims to analyze the sign system in the Ala Ayuning Dewasa on the Balinese Caka Calendar. Data is taken from the Balinese Caka Calendar 2023. There are two types of data in this study, namely written and oral data. Written data is in the form of animal name terms and their meanings. Oral data is a description of the relationship between signifiers and signifieds. Written data were collected through observation assisted by note-taking techniques. Researchers observed the sign system in the Ala Ayuning Dewasa on the Balinese Caka Calendar and noted it in the sheets provided. Oral data were obtained from three informants who wrestled with the Ala Ayuning Dewasa on the Balinese Caka Calendar through interviews. The results showed that (1) signifiers were formed from a combination of times called wewaran, wuku, and penanggal/pangelong, (2) there were 20 animal terms consisting of 9 forms of noun phrases, and 11 simple clauses, (3) signifiers and signifieds have a connotation relationship, (4) signifieds are complex which means that one signified can have the meaning of good das, bad day, good and bad days, even one signifier can have up to 5 meanings. This research is a sound guide for Hindus in Bali to discover the meaning of the relationship between animal signifiers and their signifieds in the Ala Ayuning Dewasa on the Balinese Caka Calendar.

Self-Acceptance of Saye’s (Tajen Judge) Children in Bali

Self-acceptance plays a crucial role in mental health and emotional well-being. In Balinese society, children living with a parent who works as a saye and is involved in gambling struggle to accept themselves. Therefore, it is urgent to understand or study the experiences of saye’s children and their self-acceptance. This study used a phenomenological qualitative approach, and the data were analyzed using the thematic analysis method. The data were gathered through semi-structured and narrative interviews. There were three participants aged 18-25 years living with a parent who works as a saye (tajen judge). The results of this study showed that: 1) The children of the saye have unpleasant experiences related to stigma, stereotypes, verbal bullying, and their fathers’ anger when losing a gamble; 2) The children go through stages of self-acceptance, such as denial and rationalization, becoming involved in the gambling activity, finding meaning, and achieving self-acceptance; and 3) Factors that contribute to the children’s self-acceptance include the socio-cultural environment, positive support, and democratic parenting. To increase the self-acceptance of saye’s children, families should provide a safe environment for children, and society should not stigmatize saye’s families. The results of this research cannot simply be applied to other regions because Gianyar Regency carries out tajen activities more frequently compared to other locations. Future research needs to explore other areas in Bali.

Kritik Sosial dalam Cerpen Ratun Jogéd Karya Pandé Putu Alit Antara

Social criticism is someone's thoughts about existing problems that are not in accordance with existing norms and goals in society. This research aims to determine the social criticism contained in the short story Ratun Jogéd by Pandé Putu Alit Antara. The analytical method used in this research is descriptive qualitative and recording techniques. The results and discussion of the research show that the social criticism contained in short stories is social criticism of parents' wrong parenting patterns, social criticism of abuse of love and social criticism of moral deviation. The appearance of the short story by Pandé Putu Alit Antara proves the existence of social inequality in Balinese society.

ANALISIS PERMASALAHAN SOSIAL PADA MASYARAKAT BALI DALAM CERPEN CETIK KARYA PUTU DESSY SAVITRI DEWI

Social problems are conditions that are not expected to occur in society. This research aims to describe social problems in the short story Catik by Putu Dessy Savitri Dewi. The benefits of analyzing short stories are very diverse, from those who don't know to those who don't know, to those who don't understand to understand. Writers and readers will very easily understand the content contained in a short story, especially for people who like short stories. The method used in this research is descriptive analytics and recording techniques. The results and discussion of this research show that the social problems in Balinese society that can be collected in this short story are problems in poverty, problems in religion and belief, greed for position and the social life of Balinese society. Thus, the existence of the short story Catik by Putu Dessy Savitri Dewi shows the problems that occur in Balinese society.Keywords: Catik short stories, social problems

D Development of Junior High School Science E-Module Integrated with Socio-Cultural of Balinese Society to Improvw Students Science Literacy

The research aimed at analyzing and explaining the validity, practicality, and effectivity of e-module science for junior high school integrated with the Balinese Socio-Cultural to improve students' scientific literacy. This research and development were modified from Borg and Gall and Thiagarajan’s models. The research design used the effectiveness of e-module was One Group Pretest Posttest Design. Instruments used were expert validation questionnairess, practicality questionnairess, and scientific literacy tests. Development stages of the e-module development consisted of 1) data collection, 2) product design, 3) product development, 4) limitary out, 5) product test theoretically, 6) empirical product test, and 7) product finalization. The results shows that 1) the e-module is valid from a material point of view with very good qualifications, language validity with very valid qualifications, the validity of media with very good qualifications, and suitability of Balinese cultural with very valid qualifications, 2) e-module is very practical to be used on the field, and 3) e-module is effective to improve scientific literacy of students.

TINJAUAN YURIDIS SUDHI WADANI DALAM PERKAWINAN ADAT BALI DI KABUPATEN TABANAN

TINJAUAN YURIDIS SUDHI WADANI DALAM PERKAWINAN ADAT BALI DI KABUPATEN TABANAN

Kajian Ikonografi Arca Berserban pada Beberapa Pura di Kabupaten Karangasem, Bali

Identification of types and forms of archaeological statues can be found by the iconographic characteristics that define the identity of the figures being portrayed. Karangasem, Bali is one area that has remains of statues with intriguing iconographic characteristics, that is, the portrayal of figures using turban as a head covering. This kind of statue portrayal is rarely found in Bali and in Indonesia. The existence of several statues with turban indicates a certain concept regarding the characterization of the turbaned figure. This research was aimed to analyze the statues distributed in several temples in Karangasem, Bali. The method used consists of collecting data and analyzing data. The statues are iconographically analyzed. Analysis is conducted in two ways, which are morphology and technology. The results showed that the statues are the embodiment of religious figures that prove the existence of religious figures in ancient Balinese society.

Grammaticalization of Nazal Affixes in the Archaic Lexicon of Balinese Language: A Diachronic Study

Balinese has a communication system called Anggah-Ungguhing Basa (language levels). This language level coexists with the social stratification of society. Thus, the language activities of Balinese speakers are influenced by the social stratification of Balinese society. Social stratification and the Anggah-Ungguhing Basa system cause Balinese speakers to have various levels of language taste and variations in its use. In general, Anggah-Ungguhing Basa shows politeness in language. From linguistic studies, of course, such language signs need to be studied, especially regarding the grammatical processes of inherited elements in Balinese. The grammatical process that is the focus is the form and function of nasal affixes in the Balinese language. In this regard, it is very important to study the various grammaticalizations of the Balinese language further, so that these lexicons are appropriate to the language level in Bali. This research aims to thoroughly describe the inherited grammatical units in Modern Balinese. Normatively, these operational concepts are contained in the theory of comparative historical linguistics. Diachronically, the form of nasal affixes in Balinese can be traced. The affixes an-, am-, ang-, any- in Old Javanese are partly reflected in Old Balinese. The changes in each form are the basic morpheme to which it is attached. The basic morpheme begins with the phoneme bilabial, so the appropriate nasal affix is nasal bilabial. This process is called homorganization. In formal texts and traditional Balinese literary works, the affixes an-, am-, ang-, any- are still used. However, in Balinese Lumrah it changes to n-, m-, ny-, ng-.

The Death of Kedis Cangak for Its Greedy (Function And Values Analysis)

Balinese society is affluent in oral literature, among which there are satua or Balinese folk tales. Recently, it has been felt that the Masatua tradition has declined dramatically. The increasingly busy level of parents causes this. Entertainment on social media has defeated oral traditions. This research aims to analyze the function and value of the Death of Kedis Cangak for Its Greedy. This study uses a qualitative method. The data collection method for this research is the observation method using reading and note-taking techniques. The research results were analyzed using analytical descriptive methods and presented using informal processes. The research analysis uses the matching process. The research results show that the functions of the "Death of Kedis Cangak for Its Greedy" unit are entertainment, educational, and social sanctions or punishment functions. Values analysis, which focuses on religious values, found values such as tattwa (philosophy) and moral values (ethics). There is an entertainment function, an educational function, and a social sanction or punishment function. Values such as tattwa (philosophy) and moral values (ethics) are found in value analysis, which focuses on religious matters. Regarding philosophical issues, we found the application of the karma phala law, one of the Panca Sradha teachings. The law of karma befalls the character I Kedis Cangak. The value of morals is also reflected in the behavior of the main character, which is contrary to the teachings of morals.

Dimensi Aksiologis pada Tata Letak Bangunan di Bali Berdasarkan Lontar Asta Kosala Kosali

Bali is unique in its traditions, culture, religious practices, and architecture. All of these are a legacy from generation to generation. The form of Balinese architecture is strongly influenced by the values that are always maintained to remain the identity and uniqueness of the Balinese people. This research aims to explore the value system that develops in Balinese society, with how the value system frames the various cultural diversity owned by Bali, including Balinese architecture. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method with a phenomenological approach. The results of this study show that Balinese design and architecture are strongly influenced by the concept of Tri Hita Karana, a concept in Balinese society as a process of maintaining balance and harmony between God, humans and nature. The concept of Tri Hita Karana is then applied in Balinese architecture in the form of Tri Mandala, which is three spaces that divide one yard. Balinese architecture in Lontar Asta Kosala Kosali is also influenced by the concept of Sanga Mandala as a form of application of the concept of Dewata Nawa Sańga. Then the axiological dimension in the building layout in Bali has religious value, eco-theological value, aesthetic value, and also cultural value. Then, the challenges of Balinese architecture in this era of globalization position that the concept and layout of buildings in Bali still use concepts and also philosophical values that develop in Balinese society, despite regional limitations, but the axiological dimension on a small scale can still be maintained.