Bakhtinian Dialogism Research Articles

Disciplinary and ethnolinguistic influences on citation in research articles

Citation, as an integral part of academic discourse and a signature feature of scholarly publication, has attracted much research attention. Previous research, however, has focused on several aspects of citation practices in a largely discrete fashion and addressed disciplinary and ethnolinguistic influences on citation in isolation from each other. This article reports on a study designed to investigate cross-disciplinary and cross-linguistic variations of multiple citation features from the unifying perspective of Bakhtinian dialogism. The dataset consisted of 84 research articles sampled from 12 leading Chinese- and English-medium journals of applied linguistics and general medicine. All the citations in the corpus were identified and examined in an integrative analytic framework that characterized multiple aspects of citations in terms of dialogic contraction (i.e., closing down the space for alternative views) or dialogic expansion (i.e., opening up the space for alternative voices). Quantitative and textual analyses revealed marked cross-disciplinary and cross-linguistic differences in the level and type of citation-based dialogic engagement. These differences are interpreted in reference to the nature of cited information, epistemologies underlying cultural and disciplinary practices, ethnolinguistic norms of communication, and culturally valued interpersonal relationships. Pedagogical implications derived from these findings are discussed.

Contextualizing teacher identity of non-native-English speakers in U.S. secondary ESL classrooms: A Bakhtinian perspective

Research on teacher identity has become increasingly vital to understanding language teachers and their professional practice. While teacher identity has been highlighted as situated, multiple and dynamic, the image of non-native teachers of English seems rigid and polarized. A gap has not been filled in is to examine the diversity of non-native teachers of English rather than solidifying them into a single group. This qualitative study aims to contextualize teacher identity of non-native speakers of English as both an individual and a social matter at an under-explored U.S. secondary ESL setting. Drawing on Bakhtin's dialogism, the study illustrates how non-native teachers of English make sense of themselves is formed through past histories and present environments. Their understanding of self is also interwoven with the perceptions of administrators and their relationships with students. Pedagogical implications are discussed.

김수현 홈드라마의 상호텍스트성 >목욕탕 집 남자들<과 >무자식 상팔자<를 중심으로

본 연구는 학문적 연구 대상에서 소외돼온 텔레비전 드라마 작가, 그 가운데 공히 국내 드라마 작가를 대표하는 김수현 작가에 관한 지속적 연구로 장르별로 대별된 작가의 혼재된 성향에 관한 논의를 시작으로 보다 깊이 있는 작가 연구를 목적으로 한다. 이를 위하여 상대적으로 보수적 성향을 보인 홈드라마의 유용한 독법을 논의하며, 그 연구 방법으로 상호텍스트성을 제시한다. 본 연구는 상호텍스트성 개념이 크리스테바에 의해 명시, 정착되었지만, 개념의 근원인 바흐친의 언어 개념인 '대화주의'를 의미 축소하였다는 비판에 주목한다. 따라서 본 연구는 바흐친의 '대화주의' 상호텍스트성을 주축 연구 방법으로 적용하여 연구 대상인 <목욕탕 집 남자들>과 <무자식 상팔자>의 상호텍스트성 공통 요소를 분석한다. 또한 쥬네트의 상호 텍스트성을 추가 적용하여 전 후 텍스트의 흔적과 변형이란 상호관련성을 분석한다. 이 같은 연구를 통해 김수현 홈드라마가 상호주관성과 상호관계성을 핵심으로 하는 바흐친의 상호텍스트성을 실현해냄으로써 대중적 소구력을 획득하였음을 분석한다. 또한 작가가 전 후 텍스트의 반복과 변형이란 상호텍스트성 사용을 통하여 멜로드라마와는 달리 의도된 메시지를 홈드라마를 통해 전달하고 있음을 파악한다. 연구결과 김수현 작가에게 멜로드라마는 인간 주체에 관해 근원적 질문을 던지는 장르인 반면, 홈드라마는 인간 주체의 '결여'와 '분열'이란 근원적 문제의 유일한 해결책으로 가족을 제시하는 장르로 '의도성'을 갖고 사용함을 알 수 있다. This study is the subsequent full-scale research to explore an undisputed top Korean TV drama writer, Su-Hyeon Kim, more profoundly, who has been out of scholarly pursuits. As it begins with discussing her mixed tendency by genre, we discuss about a useful reading method of the writer's relatively conservative genre, a home-drama. For the purpose of the study, it sets up the intertextuality theory. This study assents to that criticism of diminishing in its original meaning of M. Bakhtin's dialogism, which led J. Kristeva to name and fix the term. Therefore this paper mainly applies the Bakhtin's intertextuality theory to analyze common elements of the writer's <That Bathhouse's Men> and <No Children, No Problem>. Also it applies the G. Gennette's intertextuality of 'imprints' and 'transformation' between hypotext and hypertext to figure out their correlation. The analysis shows that the writer's home-drama realizes its mutual relationship and intersubjectivity of the Bakhtin's core intertextuality concept, which results in gaining viewers' popularity. And it also explains that the writer uses 'repetition' and 'transformation' method of intertextuality to contain its intended message in her own home-dramas. As the result of the study, to the writer, Su-Hyeon Kim, while a melodrama genre is for her fundamental inquiry of a 'privative', 'fractured' human being, a home-drama genre is for her message of the only solution of a 'family' to that inquiry with her own intention.

Bakhtinian Dialogic and Vygotskian Dialectic: Compatabilities and contradictions in the classroom?

This article explores two central notions of ‘dialectics’ and ‘dialogics’ based on the work of Vygotsky (drawing on philosophers such as Hegel, Spinoza, Engels and Marx) and Bakhtin (drawing on members of the Bakhtin Circle and writers such as Dostoevsky and Rabelais) respectively, as well their varying interanimations within Stalin-Marxist Russian societyIt is proposed that these two positions are incommensurably located alongside one another in contemporary education. I argue that Bakhtin offers diametrically oppositional educational provocations to those of Vygotsky.The implications of these interpretations will be explored with consideration of their underlying philosophical incompatibilities and contradictions, as well as the opportunities such a consideration pose for educational practice today.

Atendimento preferencial no Estatuto e na voz do idoso: uma análise discursiva

Este artigo, resultado de investigação sobre a relação entre discurso e prática social, analisa a referência ao atendimento preferencial feita no texto do Estatuto do Idoso e no depoimento voluntário de seis idosos, buscando compreender o interdiscurso mobilizado nessas enunciações, recuperado em texto publicitário. Tomamos como base teórico-metodológica de análise teorias do discurso, especificamente o dialogismo bakhtiniano, conforme leituras de Authier-Revuz (2004) sobre esses pressupostos, e a Análise do Discurso na perspectiva de Pêcheux (2008) e Orlandi (1996, 1998, 2003). Os resultados da análise permitem-nos compreender como a existência da lei ainda aponta para os discursos que circundam negativamente o universo da velhice.

"Realismo" e subalternidade na narrativa brasileira contemporânea: o caso de Tropa de elite

O artigo discute uma narrativa cinematográfica brasileira, Tropa de elite, de José Padilha, que tanta polêmica causou no país desde o seu lançamento. Para tentar compreender as forças de poder em jogo tanto na narrativa como na recepção do filme, busca-se contextualizar Tropa de elite em relação à cinematografia contemporânea hollywoodiana, a uma possível tradição real-naturalista nacional e à representação fílmica e literária brasileira do subalterno. Apenas após abordar tais relações, analisar-se-á dialogicamente como se dá a subordinação de personagens de diferentes classes sociais, gêneros e raças, constante e violentamente calados pelo protagonista do filme, o Capitão Nascimento.

A perspectiva dialógica em pesquisa de práticas de letramentos

Este trabalho procura mostrar algumas contribuições do dialogismo bakhtiniano para a conceituação da leitura e da escrita, assim como para a análise de eventos de letramento em relação com práticas de letramento. Um exemplo de tais contribuições é apresentado a partir de pesquisa das formas de relacionamento entre o componente axiológico da compreensão e os gêneros discursivos em cursos de leitura em línguas estrangeiras próximas. Analisam-se dois eventos de letramento a respeito de textos acadêmicos em sala de aula de um curso de leitura de português como língua estrangeira. Os aprendizes-leitores são hispano-falantes, alunos de graduação e pós-graduação de uma faculdade pública no Uruguai. O exame da dimensão axiológica expressa nas enunciações desses aprendizes-leitores nos eventos analisados busca mostrar sua apresentação identitária a respeito da comunidade discursiva acadêmica, assim como a percepção dos requerimentos específicos para ler como insider de uma comunidade acadêmica.

Escrever é reescrever: desenvolvendo competências em leitura e escrita no contexto da clínica fonoaudiológica

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um recorte de uma pesquisa qualitativa, longitudinal e de cunho sócio-histórico. A finalidade da pesquisa foi o desenvolvimento de uma proposta terapêutica embasada na teoria de gêneros do discurso de Bakhtin. Para a efetivação da proposta, desenvolveu-se um estudo de caso de atendimento terapêutico grupal. O grupo foi composto por cinco adolescentes que apresentavam queixas de dificuldades de leitura e escrita. A proposta com os gêneros partiu da produção escrita de uma peça de teatro, baseada em um romance lido em terapia, da publicação da peça em site e de sua encenação. Apresenta-se neste artigo parte da interlocução com apenas um dos sujeitos do grupo, o sujeito D, em processo de (re)escrita de texto em um dos gêneros abordados: o gênero peça de teatro. Os dados foram analisados à luz do dialogismo bakhtiniano.

Do texto ao discurso: potencializando o processo de compreensão da linguagem

Neste artigo se propõe investigar as contribuições da análise discursiva para o processo de compreensão textual. Para tanto, antes é apresentado um posicionamento acerca da noção de texto, mediante os estudos bakhtinianos concernentes ao dialogismo. Depois é feita uma apreciação sobre o discurso, partindo-se da perspectiva da análise do discurso de linha francesa, fundamentada pelo filósofo Michel Pêcheux. A proposta de conjugação dessas posições linguístico-filosóficas se concentra na possibilidade de utilização de tais princípios para a reflexão sobre maneiras de potencializar o processo de compreensão textual. Como forma de aplicação desses princípios, é disposta uma análise textual presente em um livro didático cujo papel, neste trabalho, é o de sinalizar de que maneira o processo de compreensão é direcionado nesse tipo de suporte. A partir daí, segue-se uma série de sugestões de como ampliar a perspectiva interpretativa diante do texto, ancoradas nos aportes supracitados.

The Times of The Hours: Queer Melodrama and the Dilemma of Marriage

This article explores Stephen Daldry's The Hours (US/UK, 2002) as a feminist and queer meditation on the dilemma of marriage. An important queer-authored crossover film in the tradition of the family melodrama and the woman's film, The Hours offers a considered return to the iconic cultural form of the white middle-class nuclear family in a context where norms of heterosexual family and conjugal life are at once firmly entrenched and widely contested. Largely overlooked in film criticism, The Hours is characterized by its baroque and generative temporality and intertextuality that contribute to a nuanced meditation on women's experience of conjugal and family life. While much of the literature on melodrama draws on psychoanalysis and theories of spatiality, this article develops three distinct yet interrelated temporal and affective readings: Mikhail Bakhtin's dialogism and Virginia Woolf's modernist “moment of being”; the performativity of gender and kinship (Judith Butler, Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick); and theories of queer time and affect (Judith Halberstam, Elizabeth Freeman, Lauren Berlant). These readings probe The Hours's return to mediated cultural ideals of white conjugal and family life across time through the prism of feminist and queer cultural production and critique. Daldry's film is treated as a dense and fascinating work in itself, but it is also read against a small but influential cycle of recent queer-authored melodramas: Far from Heaven (dir. Todd Haynes, US, 2002), Savage Grace (dir. Tom Kalin, Spain/US/France, 2007), and A Single Man (dir. Tom Ford, US, 2009). Released at a historical conjuncture when queer debates about marriage and conjugal life are deeply polarized, these works share an ambivalent and stylized fascination with the white bourgeois family melodrama that is at once problematic and generative. I situate the film at the crossroads of two complementary and sometimes contradictory genealogies: the “thinking woman's film,” engaged with female subjectivity and authorship belonging to an influential white liberal feminist genealogy, and the genealogy of queer, white male – authored melodrama.

Jewish versus Goyish: A Bakhtinian Dialogic Exploration into Zadie Smith‘s The Autograph Man

Jewish versus Goyish: A Bakhtinian Dialogic Exploration into Zadie Smith‘s The Autograph Man

Bakhtinian Dialogic and Vygotskian Dialectic: Compatabilities and contradictions in the classroom?

Bakhtinian Dialogic and Vygotskian Dialectic: Compatabilities and contradictions in the classroom?

Discourse and Commodified Identities Construction: Case Studies of Iranian EFL Learners and Teachers at Private Language Schools

The purpose of this cultural study was the analysis of commodified identities construction in an EFL context. Our site of struggle for the analysis was a private institution and the related variables were English textbooks, six teachers and six learners as our cases. Our whole data collection took from 23 September 2010 to 30 September 2011. Our theoretical framework was inspired by constructivism and in particular Bakhtin's dialogism and we followed an ethnographic methodology in our data collection. The results of the content analysis of the textbooks, teachers and learners' data showed the existence and construction of commodified identities, though there were intra and inter variations among the teachers' responses regarding commodified identities. The results were discussed in connection with the context of language teaching and some pedagogical implications were also suggested.

堅實與脆弱一一析西西的《碗》

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.&#x0D; 本文以文本細讀的方法，結合叙事學的理論，深入分析西西小説《碗》的人物形象、内心世界、隱喻、象徵、意象、性别議題，并探討交叉叙述手法在文中的作用，四段獨白構成怎樣的對話關係；通過多向的分析揭示小説豐富的意涵，并窺探《碗》與小説家西西的關係。&#x0D; This essay applies close reading to “Bowl”, a novel by Xi Xi, drawing upon narrative theory, to analyze its characterization, the psychology of its characters, and the metaphors, symbols, imagery, and gender issues of the novel. It also explores how the interaction of the four monologues in the novel forms a Bakhtinian dialogue and its significance, in an attempt to unravel the multiple meanings of the work and the relationship between the novel and the novelist.

Powieść jako krytyczna teoria homoseksualności. Na podstawie kilku tekstów francuskich z drugiej połowy XIX wieku

The article refers to the tradition of analysing relations between literature and conceptual discourses, based on the assumption that a novel can be considered as a certain, specific type of theorizing. Using examples from several French novels of the second half of the 19th century, the author attempts an analysis of the novel genre indicators with regards to their critical potential. Owing to this potential, these novels enter into some polemics with scientific theories of homosexuality. However, in the course of this analysis the novel genre indicators reveal their anti-critical potential as well. The conclusion draws on Bakhtin's dialogism theory. The author believes that the novel accomplishes its critical potential when it makes homosexuality the subject of the dialogue. Their dialogic nature is what differentiates the novelistic theories from monologic scientific theories.

A hermeneutic perspective on dialogical psychology

Leiman is surely right that Bakhtin's dialogism is of immense importance for psychotherapy research and psychology in general. Here I argue that Bakhtin's ideas represent an attractive third alternative to modern individualism and postmodern relativism. Philosophical hermeneutics also outlines such an alternative, one that richly complements Bakhtin's dialogism. Nevertheless, I suggest that some contemporary Bakhtinian theorists may veer too far in the direction of a radically decentered notion of the self. They stress Bakhtin's notion of “centrifugal” forces, but downplay his equally important conception of “centripetal” ones, in human communication. I suggest that hermeneutic philosophy sketches a more balanced and credible approach to finding a genuine alternative to modern individualism and postmodernist relativism.

Mothers and Daughters: Intertwining Relationships and the Lived Experience of Breast Cancer

No relationship is more profound than the positional mother– daughter dyad. Each shares a physical, emotional, and spiritual link not experienced by others. The intrusion of breast cancer alters this normative dyadic relationship. In this article we explore this change through a hermeneutic reflective narrative inquiry, incorporating Bakhtinian dialogism, of the behavioral science literature, popular press, and other resources, and use of the motet to uncover the lived experience of women in this dyadic relationship.

English Language Teaching At The Primary Level: Foundations For Bilingualism Or Not?

In countries where English is a second language, there has been a movement over the last 60 years from supporting indigenous languages over foreign language English - to the present one where, with globalization and market demands, English is beginning to be seen as an indigenous language in itself. The teaching of English from Grade 1 about five years ago points to this change in India. The consequences of such a shift for language acquisition at the primary level is a matter of concern, however, when English is not the first or second language of the people, but is the medium of education, and when the average classroom teacher at the primary level is inadequately prepared for the task. The gaps in the teacher's preparation and the coping strategies she employs are discussed in this paper in order to identify teacher resistances to new books and methodologies. Resistances can be seen to serve as areas for growth according to the constructivist perspective of a Bakhtinian dialogue and a collective articulation of a ZPD, described by Vygotsky, for syllabus design. The syllabus, when it emerges in this way, can be taken to be valid in terms of relevance and to serve as appropriate comprehensible input necessary as the first step for development and change for in-service primary school teachers teaching new texts set in new curricula. Classrooms in three schools in India were visited from which a syllabus outline for an in-service primary school teachers evolved. Teacher practice and resistances are analysed against larger questions, such as: What does such teacher orientation imply for linguistic development of a second language on the whole and for the cognitive development of the child? Would semi-lingualism be encouraged or would we have basic foundations for effective bilingualism?

The cultural politics of justice: Bakhtin, stand-up comedy and post-9/11 securitization

For Rabelais,‘folk humour’ and its boundless forms are not frivolous, inconsequential aspects of the human condition but, rather, are central to modes of critique and the formation of discourses which seek radical cultural transformation by evading, exposing, resisting, scandalizing and mocking ‘official culture’. Taking its cue from Bakhtin’s exposition of the grotesque realism of the Rabelaisian novel, this article explores the abstract notion of ‘justice’ through the lens of ‘folk humour’—specifically, stand-up comedy which references securitization in the post-9/11 period. In so doing, it calls into question Habermasian discourse ethics, proposing instead a model of ‘doing justice’ predicated on Bakhtinian dialogism.

Formação do leitor como proposta pedagógica: literatura infantil e comportamento perene de leitura

Aiming to contribute to the construction of alternative of practices of reading in schools that make associate the playful reading realized in childhood to the habit of reading wanted for the older age of students, the article presents methodologic-theoretical reflections about the formation of the reader based on Bakhtinian dialogism, and proposal of literacy in language and literature areas based on socio-interactionism. The study was done based on bibliographic review and also on empirical research conducted in public elementary and high school in Guarapuava-PR, which, based on the methodology of action research, presents as result the importance of a planning for the entire student's school career, so that reading practices are attuned to an pedagogic proposal that valorizes the aesthetic dimension in literature and reading as social practice. The relevance of the work is to contribute to the formation of the reader with not episodic, but perennial reading behavior since reading children's literature, involving processes of teaching and learning, the school library and the participation of parents.