Composition Of Bagasse Research Articles

Morphological and Chemical Composition of Pith and Fibers from Mexican Sugarcane Bagasse

This paper tries to enlarge existing knowledge on the morphology and chemical composition of Mexican sugarcane bagasse carrying out a morphological and chemical analysis of the main fractions, fiber bundles and pith, consisting of vessels and parenchyma. The cell dimensions of the two fractions were determined as well as their chemical composition. Morphology as well as chemical composition of the two fractions are different. Average length of fibers was higher than 1 mm and the ratio fiber length: fiber diameter was the highest of all cell types investigated in this paper. Fibers had a high cell wall thickness which contributes to the stability of these tissue elements. On the other hand, the parenchyma cells were very short with a fairly high diameter and a thin cell wall. Such structure has a negative impact on the papermaking properties of bagasse. Chemical analysis of the two fractions revealed that ash content and hot water extractives of the pith fraction is much higher than for the fiber bundles.

Resol-vegetable fibers composites

Vegetable fibers like cotton, sisal, and sugar cane bagasse have been used as reinforcement in a polymeric matrix. Because of its low cost and affinity with lignocellulosic fibers, a phenol-formaldehyde resin —resol— was selected as the matrix. Composites were prepared by compression molding. The influence of fiber volume fraction-Vf-in flexural properties and density of composites has been studied. Cotton and sugar cane bagasse composites present a Vf value at which flexural strength and modulus are maxima. However, sisal composites show a continuous rise in flexural strength and modulus as fiber volume fraction increases, up to 76%, which is the highest concentration studied. Composites made with raw cotton show the highest values of strength and stiffness. The actual density of composites is always lower than theoretical density, due to the presence of voids. Scanning Electron Microscopy reveals a good adhesion between fiber and matrix in the composites. In addition, the flexural properties were analyzed with an efficiency criterion, which relates strength and stiffness with density, and the values obtained were compared with those corresponding to typical structural materials. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 1832–1840, 2000

Matriz termofixa fenólica em compósitos reforçados com fibras de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar

Neste trabalho, a lignina extraída pelo processo organossolve do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar substituiu parcialmente fenol (40% em massa) em matrizes termofixas reforçadas com fibras curtas de bagaço de cana-de-açúcar (30, 40, 50, 60 e 70%, v/v). Os compósitos obtidos foram caracterizados por TG, DSC, DMTA, Resistência ao Impacto Charpy, Dureza Shore D. Os resultados obtidos mostraram ser viável a substituição de fenol por lignina em matrizes fenólicas. No entanto, para que se obtenha compósitos com propriedades compatíveis com às exigidas para aplicações industriais, modificações devem ser feitas: modificação de fibras por meio de reações químicas, diversificação do comprimento das fibras vegetais, realização de etapas de cura em temperaturas superiores as consideradas no presente trabalho.

Degradation of sugar cane bagasse by several white‐rot fungi

AbstractForty‐two white‐rot fungi isolated in South America were incubated with long fibre sugar cane bagasse (LFB). The residual composition of LFB was determined after white‐rot decay at 30 and 60 days. The ratio of residual lignin to residual lignin to residual cellulose (RL/RC) of untreated material (LFB) was 0.48. After white‐rot‐decay, the residual material with lower RL/RC ratios indicated that mainly lignin was degraded. In only 30 days, Phlebia sp. MVHC 5535, Athelia sp. MVHC 5509 and Spongipellis pachyodon MVHC 5019 caused a decrease in the RL/RC ratio to 0.36, 0.37 and 0.38, respectively, while it took 60 days for Ganoderma applanatum MVHC 5347, Hyphodontia sp. MVHC 5544, Panus tigrinus MVHC 5400, Stereum sp. MVHC 5113, Phellinus punctatus MVHC 5346 and MVHC 6388 to reach a ratio lower than 0.40. No correlation was found between the amount of some ligninolytic enzymes secreted and the residual composition of bagasse after white‐rot fungi fermentation. Most of the fungal strains caused an increase in the relative amount of residual cellulose, indicating that hemicellulose was the preferred energy source.

Growth of Chaetomium cellulolyticum in solid-state fermentation of sugar cane bagasse treated with water and alkali at several liquid/solid ratios

Sugar cane bagasse was water- or alkali-treated at three liquid/solid (L/S) ratios and its digestibility was measured as microbial protein production of Chaetomium cellulolyticum grown on solid-state fermentation columns. The treatments significantly enhanced fungus growth compared to non-treated bagasse, which was used as a control, although the composition of bagasse did not change greatly. Alkali-treated bagasse reached an average protein content of about 7.6% and the lower the L/S ratio, the higher the protein content. L/S ratio did not have an effect in water-treated bagasse. Protein content of water-treated bagasse was also high, approximately 80% of that one of alkali-treated bagasse. Both treatments look promising to enhance sugar cane bagasse potential as an animal feed.

Effect of alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatment on cell wall composition and digestion kinetics of sugarcane residues and wheat straw.

Our objective was to characterize changes in cell wall composition and digestibility of sugarcane bagasse, pith from bagasse, and wheat straw after treatment with alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP). The AHP treatment solution contained 1% H2O2 (wt/vol) maintained at pH 11.5 with NaOH. The H2O2 in solution amounted to 25% of the quantity of substrate treated. After treatment, residues were washed and dried. Detergent fiber composition, total fiber components (neutral sugars, uronic acids, Klason lignin, and noncore lignin phenolic acids), IVDMD, in vitro digestion kinetics of NDF, and monosaccharide digestibilities (24 and 120 h) were determined. Total fiber (TF) and NDF concentrations of all treatment residues were increased (P less than .05) over control substrates by AHP because of greater losses of cell solubles than of cell wall constituents. Hemicellulose:cellulose ratio in NDF of treatment residues was decreased (P less than .05) by AHP for all substrates, but the neutral sugar composition of TF did not agree with this preferential loss of hemicellulose components. Klason lignin, ADL, and esterified noncore lignin, especially ferulic acid, were reduced (P less than .05) by AHP, whereas etherified noncore lignin composition was unchanged. Treatment increased (P less than .05) IVDMD, extent of NDF digestion, and monosaccharide digestibilities of all crop residues. The rate of NDF digestion was increased (P less than .05) for the sugarcane residues but not for wheat straw. Alkaline hydrogen peroxide improved crop residue digestibility, probably as a result of the removal of core and noncore lignin fractions.

Comparative studies on some bagasses from sugar cane cultivars, II Brazilian bagasse Variety

The chemical composition of sugar cane bagasse varies widely according to variety and climatic conditions. In this work a study was made on the effect of different pulping agents on the physical and chemical properties of the pulps from the Brazilian bagasse variety. Dissolving pulps obtained were compared with those of the red Egyptian bagasse variety.