Bad Smell Research Articles

Children's Self-Reported Reasons for Accepting and Rejecting Foods.

Children’s eating behavior does not necessarily align with dietary recommendations, and there is a need for better understanding the factors underlying their food choices. The aim of this study was to investigate children’s self-reported reasons for accepting and rejecting foods. A questionnaire was developed with reasons based on prior research and in-depth interviews. A set of various food stimuli covering different types was evaluated by 106 girls and 99 boys aged 10–13 years by checking all reasons that apply (CATA) for either accepting or rejecting them. Results showed gender differences among reasons for both food acceptance and rejection, but also in liking and willingness to re-taste the stimuli. The most common reason for food acceptance was good taste in boys and curiosity in girls; for food rejection they were bad taste, bad smell and dislike of appearance in boys and bad taste, bad smell, dislike of appearance and texture in girls. Overall, boys liked the food stimuli more than girls and were more willing to re-taste them. Future research should focus more on the role of sensory properties in both acceptance and rejection, and the potential of children’s curiosity as a driver in tasting foods should be further explored.

Stress Analysis and Safety Factor of Shaft on Pepper Peeler Machine to Reduce Environmental Pollution

Manually, pepper peeling uses water flowing in the river for 8-14 days that cause the river to become polluted by pepper peel and cause a bad smell. A pepper peeling machine is a tool to peeling pepper that has a system using two dishes consisting of a fixed top dish and a rotating bottom dish. A shaft is used to rotate the bottom dish with 14.58 rpm rotation, and it requires 1 kW electric motor with 1400 rpm rotation that is transmitted by reducer ratio of 23.3:1 and a bevel gear ratio of 1.6: 1. The shaft must be analyzed to determine its ability where the material is carbon steel material that has yield strength 350 MPa and is supported by two angular contact bearings which function as pin constraints and frictionless constraints. The shaft was analyzed using stress analysis with static analysis method using Autodesk Inventor Version 2019 software. Based on the analysis results, a minimum von mises stress of the shaft is 0.00 MPa and a maximum of 826.57 MPa on the diameter of 25 mm, minimum safety factors of 0.42 on the diameter of 25 mm and a maximum of 15. In Von-Mises stress and safety factor, the diameter of a shaft is not strong enough to withstand the load. To be able to meet the determined yield strength with a minimum safety factor of 1, the minimum diameter needed is 34.05 mm with a safety factor of 1.1. Using this machine, pepper peeling that done in the river can reduce river pollution.

Glutamine has a protective role on intestinal tissues via targeting NF-κB pathway in rats with sepsis.

To study the protective effect of glutamine on the intestinal tissues of septic rats by regulating the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. A total of 30 rats were divided into the Sham group, Model group, and Glutamine group using a random number table. The changes in the intestinal tissues in rats were observed via hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and the difference in the content of serum inflammatory factor tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was detected via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Moreover, the apoptosis of the intestinal tissues was detected via terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, and the protein expression of NF-κB in intestinal tissues was detected via Western blotting. In the Sham group, the rats had normal activity and good mental state, and there were no evident lesions in the abdominal cavity. Compared with the rats in the Sham group, the rats in the Model group had very poor mental state and erected hair, and they trembled and barely moved. After the abdomen was opened, there were bad smell and evident bleeding in the abdominal cavity, and the cecum became black with adhesion and swelling. In the Glutamine group, the symptoms were significantly alleviated compared with the Model group. The morphological observation of the intestinal tissues revealed that in the Sham group, the intestinal villi were regularly and clearly arranged, and there was no congestion in the capillaries. Compared with the Sham group, the intestinal villi were disorderly arranged with rupture in the Model group, and the severe capillary congestion was clearly visible and accompanied by ulcer. In the Glutamine group, the intestinal villi had normal morphology and regular arrangement after treatment, the subepithelial space was significantly dilated, the capillary dilation and the congestion could be seen and the lamina propria was intact. In the Sham group, the pathological score was 0 point, and the intestinal mucosa and villi had normal structure. Compared with that in the Sham group, the pathological score of the intestinal tissues were significantly increased in the Model group (p<0.05). In the Glutamine group, the pathological score significantly declined after treatment compared with that in the Model group (p<0.05). Besides, the content of the inflammatory factor TNF-α in the intestinal tissues was the highest in the Model group (p<0.05), and it was lower in the Glutamine group than that in the Sham group (p<0.05), indicating that glutamine can effectively reduce the content of the inflammatory factor TNF-α, exerting a certain protective effect on the intestinal tissues. The number of apoptotic intestinal epithelial cells was remarkably increased in the Model group compared with that in the Sham group (p<0.05), and it was remarkably decreased in the Glutamine group compared with that in the Model group (p<0.05). The Model group had a significantly higher protein expression of NF-κB in intestinal tissues than in the Sham group and Glutamine group (p<0.05), Sham group had the lowest protein expression of NF-κB in intestinal tissues (p<0.05), and the Glutamine group had a significantly lower protein expression of NF-κB in intestinal tissues than the Model group (p<0.05). Glutamine inhibits the protein expression of NF-κB, thereby exerting a protective effect on intestinal tissues of sepsis rats.

An Efficient Method for Water Treatment of Artificial Ponds in Jordan Valley Based on Photovoltaic Pumping System

Jordan Valley area suffers from a lack of water because of the current political situation. Therefore, water distribution is being done on a periodic basis and farmers need to store water in artificial ponds on site so as to be able to irrigate their field during the anonymous days that water is not available from the main supply. However, artificial ponds may affect the environment negatively due to the plants that live in it such as algae, which attracts mosquitos and causes a bad smell. Thus, in this paper, a simple and low-cost photovoltaic based pumping system is proposed to inject a chemical material in the water of the artificial pond to get rid of algae. The proposed system consists of a pump that is powered by a photovoltaic module and pumps the proposed chemical material in the artificial pond using a rotary nozzle that is fixed on a pipe around the ponds. The system is affordable and reduces the production of the unwanted plants. As a result, the proposed system reduces chemical oxygen demand value, which is considered the main cause of algae blooming, from 7200 mg/L to 95 mg/L. The proposed product is powered by a 50 W foldable solar panel and it costs about 213 USD.

Energy efficiency improvement of thermal hydrolysis and anaerobic digestion of Posidonia oceanica residues

Posidonia oceanica is the most abundant aquatic plant of the Mediterranean Sea where it plays great ecological importance. The accumulation of residues along the shore, however, creates a littering hardship for the territory due to their bad rotting smell and introduces an obstacle to the enjoyment of the beaches and tourist swimming. Posidonia oceanica residues may be valorized producing bioenergy by anaerobic digestion. Due to its high lignin content, however, a pretreatment step is required for enhance energy recovery. In the present study the effects of acid addition in the thermal hydrolysis step were evaluated in terms of energy balance, biogas production and solids reduction. The results obtained have shown that when thermal pretreatment was enhanced by adding hydrochloric acid (0.4% w/w), an improvement in methane production of 575% was obtained compared to thermal pretreatment only with specific biogas production as high as 0.241 ± 0.065 Nm3 per kgVS of wet Posidonia or 0.138 ± 0.056 Nm3 CH4/kgVS. This result was ascribed to the defibration of lignocellulosic components operated by acidic thermal pretreatment which allowed the removal of 74%, 70% and 24% of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin, respectively, during anaerobic digestion. The energy analysis carried out for treatment plants with capacity of 10 and 50 m3/d has shown that acid addition in the thermal hydrolysis step allows the energy balance to turn from extremely negative (energy demand is 8 to 10 times greater than the one produced) to positive values, with process energy efficiencies ranging from 22 to 35% with regards to the size of the plant.

Unowned Free-Roaming Domestic Cats: Reflection of Animal Welfare and Ethical Aspects in Animal Laws in Six European Countries

Abstract Besides the population of pet cats, another feline population that has regular and frequent relationships with the human population, is represented by unowned, free-roaming domestic cats. It is incontestable that part of human beings is responsible for the growing number of unwanted cats. The problems raised by the existence of free-roaming cat population range from acoustic and hygienic nuisance (because of loud vocalizations during the breeding season and bad smell due to sprayed urine from tomcats) to public health threat (because of the potential spread of zoonotic diseases and of diseases to pet cats and other species), to predation of wildlife (it can cause disruption of ecosystems). Undoubtedly, unowned free-roaming cat population has to be managed but, in the third millennium, human control strategies have to have an ethical dimension. In this paper, we propose an analysis of the National Laws in France, Spain, UK, Austria, Portugal and Italy. Based on the knowledge of domestic cat behavior, we suggest that when the TNR strategy for controlling domestic cat populations is applied by law in the mentioned countries, the basic needs and welfare of the species are respected.

Effect of Rice Bran on Continuous Organic Waste Decomposition Processes

The mirobial decomposition process of househole waste, mainly food waste, is considered an environmentally friendly way to treat organic wastes. However, there are some problems which often occur, such as low conversion rate and bad smell generation, especially in the early stage of continuous operation systems. Rice bran has been known empirically as an acclerator or improving material for the microbial decomposition process of organic wastes. Unfortuantely, little information about the detailed findings has been obtained so far.&#x0D; &#x0D; This study intended to analyze the effect of rice bran as an activating agent in organic waste decomposition in order to minimalize the problems. Firstly, the effect of rice bran was confirmed. Reactor weight, temperature, moisture content, pH, and microbe number were measured and used as the parameters to confirm the effect of rice bran addition in the decomposition process. It was observed that the total waste reduction during the process was larger in the case of rice bran addition than that of the blank, i.e. without rice bran addition. The other parameters also showed similar tendencies, indicating that rice bran is surely capable of activating the decomposition process. Then, the growth accelerating effect for microorganisms in the composting process was examined by a cultivation test using trypticase-soy liquid medium. The microbe number in the medium with rice bran addition was higher than the medium without rice bran.&#x0D; &#x0D; Secondly, the factors contributing this effect were searched. Although we could narrow down the number of candidate constituent, among them magnesium was one of the major candidates, the precise identification was not possible, possibly because the effect of each nutrient on the microbes varies depending on the kind of microbial strain, and not a single but a combination of multiple nutrients may cause this effect. However, it was confirmed as a whole that rice bran shows a good influence on the growth of many micorbes in the composting process and accelerates the performance of decomposition.&amp;nbsp;

MonitorApp: a web tool to analyze and visualize pollution data detected by an electronic nose

The analysis of air quality data may reveal the quality of life and can prevent dangers for the citizen health. Assuming that some chemical compounds in the air produce a bad smell, people may detect that something is going wrong acting as sensors that alerts potential risks. This work presents a visual analytics approach to support air quality experts in the analysis of data produced by electronic nose devices. The approach consists in setting workflows to manage and transform raw data offering clustering and visualization techniques to analyze such information. The analysis is supported by calendar, map and line graph visualization techniques also maneuvering the clustering attributes. The interactive map is used to show the position of monitoring stations in order to support making hypothesis related to the data source locations.

An exploratory study on cooccurrence of design patterns and bad smells using software metrics

SummaryA design pattern is a general reusable solution to commonly recurring problems in software projects. Bad smells are symptoms existing in the source code that possibly indicate the presence of a structural problem that requires code refactoring. Although design pattern and bad smells be different concepts, literature has shown that they may be related and cooccur during the evolution of a software system. This paper presents an empirical study that investigates cooccurrences of design patterns and bad smells as well as identifies the main factors that contribute to the emergence of the relationship between them. We carried out a case study with five Java systems to: (1) investigate if the use of design pattern reduces bad smell occurrence, (2) identify cooccurrences of design patterns and bad smells, and (3) identify situations that contribute for the cooccurrence emergence. As the main result, we found that the application of design pattern not necessarily avoid bad smell occurrences. The results also show that some design patterns such as composite, factory method, and singleton, are intrinsically modular and might be useful in creating high‐quality systems. However, other design patterns such as adapter‐command, proxy, and state‐strategy, have presented high cooccurrence frequency with bad smells; therefore, they require attention in their implementation. Finally, via manual inspection in the components with cooccurrence, we found that the identified cooccurrences appeared due to poor planning and inadequate application of design patterns.

“Bad smells” in software analytics papers

Abstract Context There has been a rapid growth in the use of data analytics to underpin evidence-based software engineering. However the combination of complex techniques, diverse reporting standards and poorly understood underlying phenomena are causing some concern as to the reliability of studies. Objective Our goal is to provide guidance for producers and consumers of software analytics studies (computational experiments and correlation studies). Method We propose using “bad smells”, i.e., surface indications of deeper problems and popular in the agile software community and consider how they may be manifest in software analytics studies. Results We list 12 “bad smells” in software analytics papers (and show their impact by examples). Conclusions We believe the metaphor of bad smell is a useful device. Therefore we encourage more debate on what contributes to the validity of software analytics studies (so we expect our list will mature over time).

EVALUATION OF GEOTEXTILES APPLICATION IN SANDY SOIL: THEIR EFFECT ON WATER DEPLETION, HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY AND INFILTRATION

Geotextile is an expression used to denote the fabrics or textiles used in soils for different purposes. The special properties of the fabrics are the controller of their action and profession.The research aims to study the effect of applying natural and synthetic geotextiles on the subsurface layer of sandy soil. Hydraulic conductivity, water depletion and infiltration (cumulative and rate) were measured for untreated and treated soil samples. The results showed that, compost and the two types of geotextiles appeared an ameliorative effect on the aforementioned parameters, such as slowing down vertical water movement, allowing better horizontal wetting and increasing water maintenance in the soil comparing to control. Both types of geotextiles were better than organic manures (i.e. compost) in many aspects such as their cleanliness, easiness to be packed and transported. These materials normally have not dust, bad smell, herb seeds, nematode or infection with insects or fungi. Natural and synthetic geotextile showed comparative results. The study recommended using polyester geotextile as an amendment for sandy soils because it is effective and environmentally safe, like natural geotextile (cotton), besides that, it is cheaper and more durable compared to cotton.

Wastage Management and Plastic Recycling System

The paper here efficiently manages the garbage over a long period of time. The garbage bins or dustbins placed at public places are overflowing. It creates unhygienic conditions for people and also creates ugliness to that place which also leads in the spread of bad smell. The waste will be thrown using the plastic which will not decompose and causes damage to environment Admin in this system can add the house details, allot dustbin number and manage the complaints regarding the services provided to the user. The user can terminate the services and perform the plastic recycling request. User can register himself into the system, request for the dustbin number.

A review of the most important medicinal herbs affecting giardiasis

Infection due to the protozoa giardia is one of the most common parasitic infections in the world. Millions of people across the world acquire this infection each year. The most common clinical symptoms of giardiasis include abdominal pain, bloating and diarrhea, indigestion, epigastric pain, nausea, vomiting, and oily feces with bad smell. Drugs used for giardiasis lead to certain side effects, such as unpleasant taste in the mouth, gastrointestinal discomfort, nausea, headache and leukopenia. Considering the importance of giardiasis infection, it is essential to identify anti-parasitic herbal drugs to eliminate cystic and trophozoite types of this disease. Hence, this article is aimed to report the medicinal plants that are used in Iranian traditional medicine against giardiasis. The information in this review study was obtained from scientific articles indexed in databases such as ISI, PubMed, Scopus, SID, Magiran and Google Scholar that were retrieved using the search terms giardia, protozoa, herbs, extracts and essential oils. Medicinal plants such as Lavandula stoechas, Ferula assa-foetida, Tanacetum parthenium, Allium paradoxum, Chenopodium botrys, Carum copticum, Allium sativum, Artemisia annua, Allium ascalonicum, ZizIphora clinopodioides, Zataria multiflorahad, Eucalyptus globulus, Lippia beriandievi, Punica granatum are among the most important herbs used in Iranian herbal medicine as anti-giardiasis agents. These herbs are good candidates to produce natural and effective drugs for giardia.

Metoda Pengolahan Limbah Terpilah Pada Industri Penyamakan Kulit

Waste water from leather tanning industries contains high pollutant of organic and inorganic matters. Fragmented method of waste water treatment management has been done in PT K, leather tanning industry, Malang. This method based on the characteristic ot the waste water from each leather tanning process with four group treatment process to reduce the COD content. By implementing this method the result shows that the COD content decreasing from 4047,68 ppm to 793,37 ppm (80,40 %); other benefit is reducing bad smell during the process.

PERSEPSI KONSUMEN TERHADAP SATE DAGING KAMBING DI KECAMATAN SANGATA UTARA KABUPATEN KUTAI TIMUR

This study aims to determine consumer perceptions of goat sate in North Sangatta base on personal aspects, social aspects, religious and cultural aspects, psychology aspects and product aspects. This studu have been done on Maret until April, 2018 in several food stalls that sell goat sate in the north Sangata sub-district. The sampling technique used is incidental sampling with total respondents is 30 buyers. Data is analyzed descriptively with a scoring method using a Likert scale. This study result had show that personal apsects is cunsumers agree if they buy goat sate accordance with their practical lifestyle and favorite food with perception value is 7.13. Perception value from social aspects is 10.43 which means that consumers agree if they buy goat sate because of recommendations by friend and family believes that the taste and quality of goat sate is good. Religious and cultural aspects, perception value is 7.60 means that consumers disagree if consume goat sate contrary to religion and relieve trust. Psychology aspects with value is 14.30 result that consumers agree if goat sate is bad smell, can increase blood pressure and body vitality, and cook it long time. Product aspects, consumers also agree that the price of goat sate is more expensive than other sate, sale location are hard to find, less promotion, tastyseasoning, tough, less attractive presentation, aesthetics of a place to sell poorly with perception value is 25.60.

HUBUNGAN ANTARA GANGGUAN POLA TIDUR DENGAN FLOUR ALBUS (KEPUTIHAN) PADA REMAJA

The Flour Albus is abnormal vaginal secretions in women. The Flour Albus caused by infection usually accompanied by itching in the vagina and around the outer lip of the vagina, often accompanied by a bad smell and cause pain during urination or intercourse. Impact of Flour Albus which is not handled and persistently disrupts the function of the woman reproductive organs with the occurrencesexually transmitted disease(STD) in young women.Factors that affect the occurrence Flour Albus is many kinds, one of which is the lack of sleep that makes hormones in the body is not balanced. The aim of this study is to determine the correlation between sleep pattern disturbance with the flour albus in young women. The study design was cross sectional approach. The sampels of this study are 60respondents with a simple random sampling technique.The study result was Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, there are 58respondents(96,7%)experience sleep pattern disturbance with frequent and occasionalcategories and42 respondents (70%) experience Flour Albus not normal. Indicated that the p value of 0,000 (&lt;0,05).The conclusion of this study there was a correlation between sleep pattern disturbance with the flour albus. In suggesting to the respondents order to pay attention and raise awareness about good sleep patterns.&#x0D;

Visualizing Code Bad Smells

Software visualization is an effective way to support human comprehension to large software systems. In software maintenance, most of the time is spent on understanding code in order to change it. This paper presents a visualization approach to help maintainers to locate and understand code bad smells. Software maintainers need to locate and understand these bad smells in order to remove them via code refactoring. Object oriented code elements are visualized as well as their bad smells if they exist. The proposed visualization shows classes as building and bad smell as letter avatars based on the initials of the names of bad smells. These avatars are shown as warning signs on the buildings. A framework is proposed to automatically analyze code to identify bad smells and to generate the proposed visualizations. The evaluation of the proposed visualizations showed they reduce the comprehension time needed to understand bad smells.

Recovery of Scenic Beauty of a Lake in Urban Park from Environmental Diagnosis and Implantation of Mitigating Measures

The city of Sao Paulo, state of Sao Paulo/Brazil, with about 12 million inhabitants is considered the largest city in Latin America. Just as in other large metropolises it is devoid of green areas, in this way it is of great socio-environmental importance of the preservation and maintenance of parks and green areas of the municipality. The Fernando Costa Park, known as the Parque da agua Branca, is an urban park located in the central region of the Municipality of S?o Paulo, and has more than 79 thousand m2 of green area, in a total area of 137 thousand m2. Two lakes, populated predominantly with carp, are inserted in the Park, and are important components of the urban landscape and the patrimony of the city, present landscape function (scenic beauty) and are used to contemplate the environment and leisure of the population. The lakes due to the intense eutrophication process with uncontrolled growth of the phytoplankton presented blue-green coloration, with formations of lumps and foams, low transparency, bad smell and unpleasant visual aspect impairing the visitation of this place. In the first stage of the present research, an environmental diagnosis was carried out and the second stage involved elaboration and implementation of mitigating measures aiming at its restoration. The recovery proposal included the implementation of Artificial Floating Islands (IFAs) aiming at pollution control. After 60 days, it was possible to observe the efficiency of the Eichhornia crassipes populated islands showing that the methodology of phytoremediation was efficient in controlling the eutrophication of urban lakes, guaranteeing the recovery and conservation of the scenic beauty of these places.

Letter from Eudora Welty to Elizabeth Bowen, August 1951

Letter from Eudora Welty to Elizabeth Bowen, August 1951 Eudora Welty New Orleans, August 17 [1951]1 Dearest Elizabeth, November 26th you'll be here! I just called Tulane University and wrote it down—just when you were South before. We shall have Thanksgiving. I'll meet you here. Is everything working out all right? Please don't let dates and dates come up and crowd out your time this way—I know people will be asking you the same thing all around—and don't give up of course one thing you want to do anywhere, or one place you want to see, but I hope so very much you'll keep as much time as you possibly can free for us to meet. I only wish the time were nearer. It's so hot now—but it will be all right I hope by the time you come. Do you think at the end of the lectures you could come for a real visit? Some weeks? Day before yesterday (what I'm doing here: came to an air-conditioned hotel to do work on a story, high & mighty of me) I went to Venice, La.—the last stop, end of the road, down the Mississippi—it was a strange world too. A sultry, hot (99) day, we went lower than the river, beside2 the levee—(I was with a young Harvard professor, Carvel Collins,3 who turns out to work under your friend Dr. Murdoch4—he came through) and crossed the river on a good ferry at Pointe a la Hatche, full of Cajuns combing their hair and giving each other baskets of shrimp [what coals to Newcastle!]5—we went into a remarkable cemetery that (but you must see it just like this) was two rows of elevated graves, like bureau drawers, with the fronts newly whitewashed, the cartracks paved between—car almost touched as we drove—6 straight down this alley to the church, green and white frame with poinsettias planted around it—and beyond the church was the priest's house with his cassock hung out on the clothesline to air—all in an enormous red sunset light—the white and black and the vivid green, and the raging sound of all those crickets and locusts and what-all in the jungle around it. Crawfish scuttled across the road in front of us—Big okra patches high as your head and white as snow from7 dust—lots of little fishing boats right at any break in the forest—the water. The towns began with Arabi—and there was Port Sulfur, Jesuit Bend, Naomi, [End Page 5] Alliance, Junior, Diamond, Socola, Happy Jack, Empire (a bad smell there, burning old fish?), Buroa,8 Triumph, Concession, Phoenix, Nero, Ostrica and Venice. I don't mean we found all those—where were they? But they were on the map—maybe taking in both sides of the river. I wished for you. Except the mosquitoes were so thick, everyone on the road carried a branch of a palm to keep flailing around—this worried my Massachusetts friend all night, he said, poor thing, all that malaria—it is a dreadful thought. Every time I saw a little house I wanted—one of those like I always do—he said, But the mosquitos. Huge sky, and the biggest moon came up—and after dark, the dust was like lakes all around us, with fires burning in their centers, and around the fires, cows—all untended—standing in a ring—in the heat and the night, to keep off mosquitos—away off in the marshes, you could see their horns standing up black against that lonely glow. Life is very gay in the villages—movies ("Rocket-Ship X-M"), Booga Red's Place, Te-Ta's Place, Paradise—cards and you could tell it was a dance floor too—slot machines. Juke boxes lit up. Full of children. They were going to have a Shrimp Dance the next night—I longed to return. Huge catfishes were lying on people's front porches. The whole place was amphibious—The people were dark, merry, with white teeth, teasing—one...

Changes in the nutritional composition of Thai pangus (Pangasianodon hypophthalamus) pickle during storage at refrigeration temperature

There is relation between nutritional composition of fish products and storage conditions. The present study was designed to prepare pickle from dorsal muscle and whole Thai pangus (Pangasianodon hypophthalamus) fish muscle by using different types of food additives and to observe the changes in the nutritional composition, pH and bacterial load of fish pickle during 60 days of storage at refrigeration temperature (5° to 8°C). Mustard oil and soybean oil were used for preparing fish pickle. The quality of fish pickles prepared with either mustard oil or soybean oil, was stable and remained good even after 60 days of storage at refrigeration temperature (5° to 8°C). No bad smell was produced in the pickles. The changes in nutritional composition occurred at this temperature but the rate was slow. Moisture, protein, lipid and pH value decreased as days passed but ash content increased. In case of pickle prepared using soybean oil deterioration rate was higher than the pickle prepared using mustard oil. Bacterial load was higher in soybean oil pickle and also the pickle prepared from whole fish muscle. At this low temperature, bacterial load increased but the rate was slower. Therefore, at refrigeration temperature(5° to 8°C) the pickle remain in acceptable condition quite longer, might be more than 60 days.&#x0D; J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(3): 553–559, December 2018