THE ONLY INDISPUTABLE FACT that has emerged from the continuing controversy over students' is that the evaluation of has become big business. Recent publicity regarding Johnny's inability to write has generated a spate of writing at all curricular levels, ranging from pre-school language capacity appraisals to senior-level competency examinations at some four-year colleges.' And since literacy has become something more of a duty than a right in American society of the eighties-somewhat like voting during the sixties-the results of these tests are often taken far more seriously than the otherwise cavalier attitude of the culture towards the humanities would suggest. Just as the launch of Sputnik in 1957 thrust North American educators into a paroxysm of scientific and technological activity, the declining (or newly bad) scores on these tests have generated a flurry of activity called composition, an umbrella title for any program designed to keep off the rain of complaints and, occasionally, lawsuits that follow the publication of the scores. In the United States, the crisis has been documented on Sixty Minutes, and a Congressional Committeethe Senate Human Resources Committee-is now investigating the situation to de-
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