Bad Credit Research Articles

Group Decision Support System Using AHP, Topsis and Borda Methods for Loan Determination in Cooperatives

Cooperatives are one of the business units which purpose is to help the economy of small and medium-sized communities. One of the cooperatives in the city of Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia is KPN Kapur Warna. The routine business unit managed by KPN Kapur Warna is for savings and loans. So far, the savings and loan process is still done manually, including determining the eligibility of members to receive loans. Determination of the eligibility of members is carried out less objectively, by only looking at the profile of participants in general and the decision-making process is only carried out by one person, namely the chairman of the cooperative. The process that has been carried out so far has often resulted in wrong targets, namely providing loans to members who are not appropriate, resulting in bad credit or delays in paying monthly installments of participants. Therefore, we need a group decision support system that can help solve the above problems. In this study, a group decision support system was made using the AHP, TOPSIS and BORDA methods using five main criteria. The AHP method is used to determine the priority value for each criterion and the TOPSIS method is used to rank each alternative. Each decision maker performs the same process with the two methods, and then voting is carried out using the BORDA method of combining assessments for different decision makers. This study succeeded in providing a reference in determining the eligibility of which members are entitled to receive loans from cooperatives, with results that are more subjective and can help cooperatives in their work efficiently.

The Foreclosed Collaterals As A Resolution For Bad Credit In Indonesia Banking System

This research aim to understand the condition when a customer is no longer able to pay or repay a loan is called bad credit. This condition can actually cause many problems, ranging from difficulties in obtaining credit approvals to blacklisting by the bank. Collaterals are one of the requirements from the Bank when giving credit loans so that those collaterals can guarantee the credit’s acquittal should the debtor be breached. If there is a case of bad debts, banks have the option to solve the credit loan through the process of Foreclosed Collaterals. This journal is written on a legal and juridical-normative research, emphasizing the usage of written documents as the main sources of law. The collateral purchases are written in Article 12A Number 10 of 1998 of the Constitution on how banks may purchase the collaterals with or without auctions to solve bad credits even faster. Considering that Article 20 of the Constitution on Mortgage Rights has already written ways on collateral executions, therefore the warrant payment will follow the option of Foreclosed Collaterals. Reporting from the official website of Bank Indonesia (BI), to minimize the risk of increasing bad loans, BI issued PBI (Bank Indonesia Regulation) No. 14/2/PBI/2012 concerning APMK (Card-Based Payment Instruments). The regulation was made to reduce the risk of negative impacts from using credit cards as debt instruments to the extent that they reach excessive limits. Using statute and conceptual approaches, it is inferred that Foreclosed Collateral purchase procedures can be done in 3 (three) different ways, followed through the Settlement Efforts, where the ownership of the collaterals must be switched to another in 1 (one) year time.

The Role of Village Governments in Community Empowerment Through Village Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) (Study on BUMDes Amanah, Karang Indah Village, Mandastana District, Barito Kuala Regency, South Kalimantan Province)

The enactment of Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages is a very big opportunity for every village to develop village potential and assets in order to improve the village economy through Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes). Karang Indah Village, Mandastana District, Barito Kuala Regency has established BUMDes since 2012 whose capital comes from a grant from the South Kalimantan Provincial Government with savings and loan businesses and cattle. The role of the Village Government in terms of fostering and equity participation is still considered lacking by BUMDes managers so that it has an impact on the community empowerment process, especially community business empowerment through BUMDes. The purpose of the study was to determine 1) the role of the village government in empowering the community through BUMDes. 2) Implementation of community empowerment through BUMDes carried out by the Village Government. 3) The inhibiting and supporting factors of the Village Government in empowering the community through BUMDes. Methods This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive type of research. The sources of data used in this study were obtained from the first source which is directly related to the object of research with the research instrument, namely the interview guide. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the role of the Village Government in empowering the community through BUMDes in Karang Indah Village is to provide business access to the community through the establishment of BUMDes, increase community participation and provide benefits to the community through the BUMDes business unit. The implementation of community empowerment through BUMDes carried out by the Karang Indah Village Government is to support businesses that are mostly engaged in by the village community such as cattle business, providing savings and loans to the community, handing over clean water management to BUMDes and providing capital participation to BUMDes to open new business units. The inhibiting factors for the Karang Indah Village Government in empowering the community through BUMDes are bad credit from customers, lack of capital, death of cattle, difficulty in finding good feed, operational costs and the absence of human resources to manage equipment. While the supporting factors are community participation and the potential possessed by Karang Indah Village itself. The suggestions from the results of this study are for the Karang Indah Village Government to be able to carry out guidance to BUMDes in developing their business. Because through BUMDes, Villages can increase Village Original Income (PADes) and improve the economy of rural communities. For BUMDes management, it is hoped that they will be able to develop the business run by BUMDes while still paying attention to the potential of the village itself and utilizing existing assets in the village.

Analisis Kredit Macet pada Kredit Usaha Rakyat (KUR) PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk Unit Rungkut Surabaya pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19

COVID-19 pandemic is a phenomenon that has made all economic sectors down, and thats including the banking sector. This pandemic makes credit risk will increase, therefore the problem in this research its about causes of bad credit in People's Business Credit (KUR), and how are the efforts of BRI Rungkut Surabaya Unit in resolving and minimizing bad loans during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study using qualitative research with a descriptive approach, informed by informants from BRI KUR Rungkut officers and KUR debtors as well as data on bad credit financial reports. The results showed that bad loans at BRI Unit Rungkut Surabaya were caused by external factors in the form of business risks, natural and non-natural disasters, and bad faith from customers. Internal factors in the form of overcrediting, analysis errors, and feelings of pity. The steps to resolve and minimize bad loans carried out by BRI Unit Rungkut Surabaya are in accordance with the regulations given by the government during the Covid-19 pandemic.

THE IMPACT OF CREDIT RISK ON THE PROFITABILITY WITH CHARACTERISTICS BANK AS CONTROL VARIABLES

The purpose of this study is to determine the extent of the influence of bad loans on return on assets with the characteristics of the bank as a controller in the banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2019. Purposive sampling was chosen as a sampling technique where the data obtained were 23 companies with a 5-year observation period. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the data. The results found from this study simultaneously bad credit influences return on assets. Partially, net performing loans have a negative and significant effect on return on assets. Then, the Loan to Deposit Ratio also has a positive and significant effect on return on assets. The existence of the characteristics of the bank as a controller in this study influences the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable in this study.

LEGAL ANALYSIS OF Default Indemnity DUE TO "FORCE MAJEURE" ON BANKING CREDIT PROVIDERS IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

This study examines default due to the covid-19 pandemic, which is a force major that can cancel a banking credit agreement and to analyze the conditions for a force major to cancel a banking credit agreement made by the parties. The study was conducted using the case approach used in this paper, aiming to examine and analyze the application of norms or rules carried out in legal practice, especially cases related to working capital credit agreements that experienced bad credit due to force majoure circumstances. The results show that the cancellation of the agreement on banking credit due to the Pandemic -19 is a relative "force majaure" which means that this relative "force majaure" the debtor is considered capable of returning to its original state or in other words the debtor is considered to still have the ability to fulfill the contents agreement when the Pandemic-19 situation has ended. As for the condition that a force majeure can cancel the banking credit agreement made by the Parties, that is, if the parties in the agreement clause specify using any event that is included as "force majaure" if the Pandemic-19 is stated in the agreement as "force majaure" then one of the parties can postpone or cancel the agreement.

Negoisasi Sebagai Upaya Alternative Penyelesaian Kredit Macet di Bidang Perbankan Secara Win-Win Solution

Banking is one of the sources of funds, including in the form of credit for the community. Banks in providing credit will be very careful and will go through a more in-depth analysis. However, in providing credit, often the credit given to the debtor cannot be returned on time. This condition is called bad credit. The purpose of this study is to determine what factors cause bad credit in the banking sector and how to solve it in non-litigation ways. The method used in this research is the juridical-normative method, in which the research is carried out by means of literature study of law books, statutory regulations, literature and other references. The results of this study indicate that the factors causing the occurrence of bad credit in the banking sector include failure to accept the debtor's business, bad faith from the debtor, the discovery of credit loans without the knowledge of the family which can lead to a lack of responsibility, credit abuse by debtors and the presence of debtors. debtors who work as laborers, farmers, fishermen so that their finances cannot be guaranteed at all times, but only at certain times. As for the way to settle bad credit through non-litigation channels, namely by negotiation which can be done in three ways including rescheduling, reconditioning, and restructuring.

The effect of efficiency ratio, Bad Credit and Profitability to Capital Adequacy Ratio at Sharia Commercial Banks in Indonesia Year 2014-2018

This study aims to determine the effect of efficiency ratios, non-perfoming loans, and profitability on the capital adequacy ratio in Islamic Commercial Banks in Indonesia 2014-2018. This research is a quantitative study with secondary data from financial reports. Purposive sampling is a sampling technique use in this study so that there are 14 samples of Islamic commercial banks during the 2014-2018 period. The data analysis used is multiple linear regression analysis with the SPSS application. The results obtained by two dependent variables, the efficiency ratio and non-performing loans have an influence on the capital adequacy ratio. Meanwhile, profitability partially has no effect on the capital adequacy ratio.

NON-PERFORMING LOAN SETTLEMENT FOR RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY DEVELOPERS AMID THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

This research discusses the issue of Non-performing loan settlement for residential property developers amid the Covid-19 pandemic. The legal research used is a normative juridical method with a statutory approach. This research was conducted by making an inventory of primary and secondary materials to assess published legal issues. This research examines that the settlement of property developers' bad credit can be done by means of credit rescue and credit settlement. Credit rescue is carried out by providing easy conditions for debtors so that they are expected to complete their credit, which can be done by restructuring credit both inside and outside the court. Meanwhile, credit settlement is carried out by executing the collateral object made by the creditor, such as taking collateral, cessie, subrogation, execution of mortgage rights, lawsuit for default and bankruptcy. In the event of bad credit, creditors will generally choose the bankruptcy route to resolve bad credit by the developer. The bankruptcy of property developers will certainly be very detrimental to property consumers because the position of property consumers is only as concurrent creditors, which means that consumers will get the final payment after preferred creditors and separatists.

DETERMINING THE PERFORMANCE OF SHARIA COMMERCIAL BANKS WITH MODERATION OF NON PERFORMING FINANCING RATIO IN INDONESIA

The research objectives to be achieved are: (1) To analyze and reveal empirically whether the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), OE, Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), Net Operating Margin (NOM) affects the performance of Islamic Commercial Banks as measured by the ratio ROA). (2) To determine and analyze whether the non-performing loan ratio (NPF) moderates the effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), OE, Financing to Deposit Ratio (FDR), and Net Operating Margin (NOM) on the performance of Islamic Commercial Banks (Return On Assets). This type of research is a quantitative research. The population used in this study is a Islamic commercial banks registered with the Financial Services Authority consisting of 14 BUS from 2015-2019. The data used is secondary data and uses saturated sampling method. Researchers used this sampling technique because the total population of 14 Islamic commercial banks companies in Indonesia are registered with the Financial Services Authority (OJK). Analysis of research data using Moderating Regression Analysis. Simultaneously CAR, OE, FDR and NOM have a positive effect on BUS performance for the 2015-2019 period as measured by ROA, but the partial results are only CAR that has a positive effect on ROA while OE, FDR and NOM have a negative effect on ROA, this happens because The capital adequacy held in the current period in lending is currently decreasing when compared to the previous period so that it has an impact on decreasing income and profit for the next period. Simultaneously, NPF moderates CAR, OE, FDR and NOM have a positive effect on BUS performance for the 2015-2019 period as measured by ROA, while the partial results are only NPF which has an impact on reducing the effect of CAR on ROA, while other variables when NPF moderate the relationship with ROA moves towards improvement. This is because the capital adequacy ratio is currently used in handling the current bad credit ratio as a result of loans extended in the previous period so that the current capital that should be used to generate profits in the next period through an increase in the volume of credit at this time from the previous period is reduced so that an impact on the decline in Islamic commercial banks profitability in the next period. As for what makes the difference in this study is the moderation of NPF on the effect of CAR, BOPO, FDR and NOM on ROA.

Small Claim Court as the Alternative of Bad Credit Settlement for Legal Certainty of the Economic Actors

This article aimed to analyze the problem of legal cases accumulation, especially default on credit contracts in court. It also analyzes the effectiveness of implementing a small claim court in contract default and the independence of a single judge in handling cases through the small claim court mechanism. Small claim court also to offer a breakthrough in the settlement of bad loans related to contract defaults to reduce the burden on courts in Indonesia and provide legal certainty to business actors. The sole judge also examine, resolve and decide on inheritance cases in a fast and efficient process to issue a fair decision for all parties. This normative study was carried out using statutory, case, comparative law, and analysis content approaches. The research results showed that the filing of small claim court increased 10 times from 2015 to 2020, with the plaintiffs dominated by banks in bad credit cases. A small claim court provides benefits the bank and the customer because it speeds up the settlement of the plaintiff's money in a bad credit case with a case value of not more than 500 million, especially for microloans in a maximum period of 25 days. Furthermore, the latest regulation of 2019 concerning small claim court gives judges the authority to confiscate guarantees and conduct auctions to carry out forced executions through the Court Execution Auction process.

THE CREDIT RESTRUCTURING AS A FORM OF PROTECTION AGAINST CUSTOMERS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The submission of credit restructuring during the covid pandemic is a form of legal protection for customers who have difficulty paying credit. The COVID-19 stimulus policy in the banking sector was issued after observing developments in the economic impact related to the spread of COVID-19, which is still continuing globally and domestically. The approach method used is empirical juridical. The results of the research obtained stated that debtors who were affected by COVID-19, including micro, small and medium business debtors, were having difficulty fulfilling their obligations to banks, because the debtor or debtor's business was affected by the spread of COVID-19 either directly or indirectly to the economy. So far it has been running efficiently according to the restructuring agreement. The customer pays according to the agreement that has been made. Credit restructuring to maintain credit quality, which saves from bad credit.

HOW DO BANKERS WORK DEVIANTLY IN THE CREDIT SECTOR?

This research is implemented in the banking sector. Knowledge about counterproductive behavior that emerged in banking activity is still limited. Bankers, human resources in the banking sector, deal a lot with customers in their day-to-day job activity by assessing the credit proposal of their bank customers. Qualified credit assessment is essential to determine the approval of bank credit. The failure to assess qualified debtors will result in bad credit in which debtors do not repay the credit they receive. To get qualified credit assessment, bankers follow the 5C Principles in assessing credit proposals. Counterproductive work behavior occurs when workers perform indifferently from what the rules and norms of a company have stated. Qualitative research with a phenomenology approach was conducted to determine how these deviances performed while bankers assessed their customers’ credit loan proposals under the 5C Principles. Six bankers with different job positions were the subjects of this study and were interviewed to get in-depth information. This research reveals items of behaviors related to production deviances in each principle they assessed. Deviances are reported in each principle then categorized into production ones since these behaviors deal a lot with how they perform their job in the credit sector.

The Role of Notary in Making the Deed of Power of Attorney Imposing Mortgage on Land Collateral

The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the role of the Notary in making the Deed of Power of Attorney for Imposing Mortgage Rights (SKMHT) on uncertified land collateral at Bank BPR Karya Remaja Indramayu Regency, along with obstacles and solutions. This study uses an empirical juridical approach and the specifications of this study use a descriptive analytical method with a qualitative approach. The sources and types of data in this study are primary data obtained from field studies with interviews. And secondary data obtained from literature studies related to the theory of legal certainty and authority. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that in practice the Notary made SKMHT in accordance with Article 15 UUHT to bind collateral for uncertified land to be used as collateral, and had fulfilled what was stipulated in Article 38 of the UUJN regarding the beginning of the Deed, the body of the Deed, and the closing. Deed. The obstacles faced by Notaries are a). The inhibiting factor from the Bank, namely the incomplete document, b). The Inhibiting Factor from the Debtor is the problem of the amount of fees. c). Bad credit. The solutions to overcome these obstacles are: a). Give 7 working days to complete documents from the Bank or customer. b). Negotiated costs with a Notary, c). Banks are careful in providing credit.

The Role of Notary in Making the Deed of Power of Attorney Imposing Mortgage on Land Collateral

The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the role of the Notary in making the Deed of Power of Attorney for Imposing Mortgage Rights (SKMHT) on uncertified land collateral at Bank BPR Karya Remaja Indramayu Regency, along with obstacles and solutions. This study uses an empirical juridical approach and the specifications of this study use a descriptive analytical method with a qualitative approach. The sources and types of data in this study are primary data obtained from field studies with interviews. And secondary data obtained from literature studies related to the theory of legal certainty and authority. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that in practice the Notary made SKMHT in accordance with Article 15 UUHT to bind collateral for uncertified land to be used as collateral, and had fulfilled what was stipulated in Article 38 of the UUJN regarding the beginning of the Deed, the body of the Deed, and the closing. Deed. The obstacles faced by Notaries are a). The inhibiting factor from the Bank, namely the incomplete document, b). The Inhibiting Factor from the Debtor is the problem of the amount of fees. c). Bad credit. The solutions to overcome these obstacles are: a). Give 7 working days to complete documents from the Bank or customer. b). Negotiated costs with a Notary, c). Banks are careful in providing credit.

Is There Accounting In Assessing the Accuracy of Credit Loan Collateral?

This research aims to analyze the accuracy of credit guarantee assessment in providing working capital credit to rural banks. This study uses a qualitative approach with qualitative descriptive research. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation. This study's results indicate that the assessment of credit guarantees at rural credit banks has used documents or notes in every checking of collateral and uses special services for collateral appraisers. However, there is no application of fixed assets depreciation to assess the decline in the value of collateral in the future. This assessment should be done to overcome bad credit before the repayment period is complete.

Consumer Protection Against Forced Withdrawal By Leasing Parties In Fiduciary Guarantee

The purpose of this research is to analyze consumer protection against forced withdrawals by leasing parties in fiduciary guarantees, constraints on consumer protection against forced withdrawals by leasing parties in fiduciary guarantees, and analyze consumer protection against forced withdrawals by leasing parties in fiduciary guarantees in the future. This study uses a sociological juridical approach, with analytical descriptive research methods. The data used are primary and secondary data which will be analyzed qualitatively. The research problem was analyzed using the theory of justice. The results of the study concluded that forced withdrawals were made to the debtor both physically and mentally due to the lack of heeding of the wishes of the leasing party. When the action that has a criminal threat is carried out by leasing, then there is no word for criminal abolition for them, except for certain reasons. The first party should use legal channels, namely through the courts in resolving the problem of default by the second party, so that there is permanent power in confiscation of goods against debtors in the event of bad credit. The use of Fiduciary Guarantees still has several obstacles, including: 1). Fiduciary Guarantee Registration. 2). Guaranteed vehicle withdrawals. 3). Elimination of Fiduciary Guarantee after the debt has been repaid. Consumer protection against forced withdrawals in fiduciary guarantees in the future should continue to be consistent with Act No. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection (UUPK). The enactment of this law provides hope for the people of Indonesia, to obtain protection for losses suffered by transactions of goods and services. UUPK guarantees legal certainty for consumers.

Analisis pengaruh tingkat suku bunga, kredit macet dan capital adequacy ratio (CAR) terhadap penyaluran kredit modal kerja Bank Umum di Indonesia

This study aims to determine and analyze interest rates on credit, bad credit, CAR, and lending to commercial banks in Indonesia. In addition, it is also to study the effect of lending rates, bad credit, and CAR on commercial bank lending in Indonesia in 2010-2018. The analytical method used in this research is descriptive quantitative. This study uses multiple linear regression analysis tools. The results of this study indicate that the interest rate, bad credit, and CAR variables simultaneously influence lending. Partially the interest rate variable has a negative and significant effect on lending. The non-performing loan variable has a negative and significant impact on credit distribution. The variable CAR has a positive and significant impact on lending. 
 Keywords: Landing, The Interest rate on loans, Bad loans, CAR

Hubungan Keabsahan Pengalihan Piutang (Cessie) Yang Dilakukan Secara Berulang Kali Terhadap Perpindahan Hak Tanggungan Milik Debitur

Banking helps people, one of which is through credit facilities. Received credit is accompanied by submitting a guarantee imposed by the mortgage right to the bank or creditor. One of the problems that often occur in credit is bad credit. The solution to overcome this is by obtaining funds relatively quickly by banks through transfer of accounts receivable (cessie). Efforts to minimize an impact that can harm the parties in the process of transferring accounts receivable (cessie) are at the core of the problems raised in this study, namely, how is the relationship between the legality of the transfer of accounts receivable (cessie) which is carried out repeatedly to the transfer of the debtor's liability and how is legal protection? for cessie buyers (cessionaris) based on Article 613 of the Civil Code in conjunction with Law Number 4 of 1996 concerning Land Mortgage Rights and Land-related Objects. The research was conducted using a normative juridical research method with descriptive analytical research using a statutory approach method. The data sources used in this research are primary legal materials, secondary materials, and tertiary legal materials. The data collection technique used in this research was through literature study and then analyzed qualitatively and normatively. The results of the research conclude that, the relationship between the legality of the transfer of accounts receivable (cessie) which is carried out repeatedly on the transfer of the debtor's mortgage is known to have mutual influence. A legal cessie is carried out if the basis of the rights is valid and in accordance with Article 613 and Article 1320 of the Civil Code. Legal protection for cessie buyers (cessie) in the practice of transferring accounts receivable (cessie) which is carried out repeatedly for the transfer of the debtor's mortgage is carried out through a cessie deed and several regulations in Law Number 4 of 1996 concerning Mortgage Rights to Land with Objects Items related to land.

Data Mining Menggunakan Algoritma K-Nearest Neighbor Dalam Menentukan Kredit Macet Barang Elektronik

Business is an activity that is routinely carried out by many people, one of the promising businesses is a business that provides the needs of electronic goods to meet the needs of daily life, high demand causes business people to be more careful and selective in seeing the pattern of customers who want perform transactions in order to avoid business risks appropriately. Business people use a credit system to increase sales for a long time, but the obstacle that often occurs is that many customers who use credit services often delay payments to make the company's finances unstable so someone needs to predict someone who has the potential to do bad credit for electronic goods. using a system that helps business owners to make it easier to process data and predict patterns of bad credit for electronic goods that have been formed from previous data using the KNN algorithm approach, so that the results show the closeness of the value to the data of old customers, both those who pay properly and those who make payments in default and it can be obtained that the processing process accelerates data processing with precise results in the problem solving process