Bad Climate Research Articles

Spatial characteristics and ecological wisdom of Amdo Tibetan traditional dwellings in western Sichuan

ABSTRACT Amdo Tibetans are an important part of the three major Tibetan areas in western Sichuan. Their production and life style rooted in the Ruoergai grassland pastoral area is significantly different from that of Kangba Tibetans and Jiarong Tibetans, which are widely distributed in the valley areas. However, due to the relatively small population size and distribution range, there is still a lack of research on the space of multi-Tibetan settlements in western Sichuan, which makes the unique spatial characteristics of grassland dwellings and their generation logic unclear. Based on a large number of literature studies and field investigations, this paper systematically analyzes its location pattern, spatial layout and material application from the perspective of ecological wisdom through spatial analysis, comparative analysis and other methods. The results show that there are obvious differences in spatial form between the Tibetan dwellings in Anduo grassland in western Sichuan and the Tibetan settlements in Kangba and Jiarong. The scattered siting model is used to cope with the impact of bad climate and the characteristics of widely dispersed production factors. The diversified, specialized and open yard space layout is adapted to the production mode of pastoral areas. Local materials such as manure are used to build settlement space according to local conditions. This study reveals the spatial characteristics and environmental adaptation wisdom of multi-Tibetan grassland dwellings in western Sichuan, complements and improves the Tibetan research system and content in western Sichuan, and provides theoretical guidance for the healthy and sustainable development of multi-Tibetan settlements in western Sichuan.

Icing forecast detection on highways with machine learning and feature reduction based the gray wolf algorithm

This paper focuses on designing and implementing a system that would increasingly contribute towards the enhancement of society through safe driving. It includes providing alerts to the vehicle drivers beforehand regarding the bad climate and road conditions in real-time so that the drivers would ensure safety as per the information propagated through the wireless sensor network attached to the mobile application. As a result, by using the newly developed system, there will be more assurance of the safety of drivers and a reduction in the cases of accidents. Apart from this, the structure could be changed into a complete network that would help in predicting road conditions at certain waypoints in the route. In this study we used the Gray wolf optimization method to select the best features and use in the machine learning to detect the highway classes. Total 6 classes are used and tested over proposed dataset from Ankara city that include the icing, wet, dry, damp, salty wet and salty moist. We used the decision tree, boosting ensemble learning classification and support vector machine for the classification. When the feature number was selected as 11, we obtained the best accuracy result for the decision tree and SVM with 99.99% and 99.80% accuracy respectively. With the feature number as 14, the Ensemble and Discriminant obtain the best accuracy with 100% and 94.37% respectively. Only KNN classifier obtain the best accuracy with the 17 feature as 99.81%.

ACCIDENT ALERT SYSTEM USING IOT A REVIEW

As civilizations over the earth are becoming financially enhanced, people now possess their respective vehicles .With that progress accidents are likewise increasing. In earlier days, Accidents are not as much as today. The reason behind this is less population and awareness among the people. But in modern days and from the past decade the accidents have become common and are increasing continually with the rise of population. In addition people also become careless and indecisive. There are numerous reasons that prompts accidents. To figure out this accident rate, we have framed a project which gestures the drivers to trace standards. As science and automations like IOT have become sophisticated, at this time there is a necessity of providing safety measures to restrict accidents. The perception of tracking systems is not new and enterprises have made a lot of advancements in maximizing the technology. There are certain manual things to prevent accidents just like paying attention, beware of surroundings, inspect vehicles before and after, take breaks whenever needed but this is impossible to follow all these stuff in modern world. We designed a system that permits us to build a sensor network. The plan and the framework involves two areas where initially designating traffic signs by sorting the images and as well as during night and bad climate conditions it warns by a voice note. And secondly if a person feels drowsy our system signals the person with a blow sound. If any emergency takes place then an alert message and geographical location of the person will be sent to their emergency contact. This system is also designed to help with providing an immediate medical help. If in case we are comfort and safe we can send a message by using a switch provided in that device. Our device makes use of integrated Arduino that comprises of GSM primarily based module along with GPS module and Accelerometer Sensor. The objective is to build up a product that sends the area of accident vehicle automatically utilizing IOT. An alarming message which contains time and area is send to rescue offices for alleviation of the person.

Vegetation Greenness Trend in Dry Seasons and Its Responses to Temperature and Precipitation in Mara River Basin, Africa

The Mara River Basin of Africa has a world-famous ecosystem with vast vegetation, which is home to many wild animals. However, the basin is experiencing vegetation degradation and bad climate change, which has caused conflicts between people and wild animals, especially in dry seasons. This paper studied the vegetation greenness (VG), vegetation greenness trends (VGT), and their responses to climate change in dry seasons in the Mara River Basin, Africa. Firstly, based on Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform and Sentinel-2 images, the vegetation distribution map of the Mara River Basin was drawn. Then dry seasons MODIS NDVI data (January to February and June to September) were used to analyze the VGT. Finally, a random forest regression algorithm was used to evaluate the response of VG and VGT to temperature and precipitation derived from ERA5 from 2000 to 2019 at a resolution of 250 m. The results showed that the VGT was fluctuating in dry seasons, and the spatial differentiation was obvious. The greenness increasing trends both upstream and downstream were significantly larger than that of in the midstream. The responses of VG to precipitation were almost twice larger than temperature, and the responses of VGT to temperature were about 1.5 times larger than precipitation. The climate change trend of rising temperature and falling precipitation will lead to the degradation of vegetation and the reduction of crop production. There will be a vegetation degradation crisis in dry seasons in the Mara River Basin in the future. Identifying the spatiotemporal changes of VGT in dry seasons will be helpful to understand the response of VG and VGT to climate change and could also provide technical support to cope with climate-change-related issues for the basin.

Promoting Peaceful Coexistence Through Dialogue and Conflict Resolution

Mwanatari is a community located between Lafiya and Lamurde in Lamurde LGA of Adamawa State. It lies on Latitude 9.560N and Longitude 11.70E, 164.00m/538.06ft ASL. The community shares boundary with Bwatiye (Bachama and Bata) communities. The ethnic groups found within the area are Mwana, Chobbo, Kwah, Waja, Lunguda, Dadiya, Jenjo, Hausa, and Fulani. The people of Mwanatari are predominantly agrarian. Lamurde is the administrative headquarters of the local government area and it is about 100 kilometers from Yola, the State capital. Like any other people Lamurde local government is noted for its unique cultural heritage. The Bachama people are noted warriors as is easily depicted in their popular dance “Wuro Kaduwe” closely related are the Homtu Gbatakaito at Gyawana which has to do with hunting, and the “Badan” at Nghakawo. They have the “kwete” wrestling festival in the town of Lamurde which comes up once in a year. It is a wrestling between the people of Gyawana and Lamurde. It is during the festival that His Royal Highness the Hama Bachama discloses his plans and vision to his subjects. Apart from Kwete wrestling festival, there is the “Poto” at Waduku, “Vayato” at Gyawana and Opalo. The Kwah “ Gikan” festival is celebrated yearly. The Waja celebrates “Saulawe” Chobbo “ Cito” and “Dikulem” “kreth” among the Lunguda and Dadiya respectively. Lamurde itself is a historical town where western civilization and tradition exist side by side. The Mwana people, according to history migrated from Cham in present day Balanga Local Government Area of Gombe State. The people of Cham migrated from Yamel in the East with some tribes like Lunguda, Tula, and Dadiya at about 1777. They came to Africa through Egypt and settled at Wanda. As a result of unproductive agricultural land, bad climate and weather, the people of Cham being good agriculturalists decided to move from Wanda to a free and fertile land at Fitilai (Kuntur) in 1797. At Fitilai, Baba Dan Bulo, an informant said, “The people of Cham settled in groups according to their clans. In these small clans, there is a type of disperse, cross or integrated relationship which is shown by ties of reputed kingship, chieftaincy and religious complexities. The major clans among these settlements were Fitilai to Bwelimi, and Fitilai to Dijimi, out of which the following small clans emerged: Jabe, Bwelimi, Kwasim, Lebe, Dungurang and Tiksir. These clans believed in peace and have special love and care for one another and therefore regard themselves as brothers (Shete) plural of Chum, brother”.

Expanding the Duty to Rescue to Climate Migration

Expanding the Duty to Rescue to Climate Migration

Political leaders with professional background in business and climate outcomes

The literature on how the ideology of political parties in power correlates with climate policy outcomes is abundant, but there is no similar literature for the individual characteristics of government leaders. This assessment is the first study of its kind, building on a dataset of government leaders of OECD countries for the period 1992–2017. We find that national presidents or prime ministers with a professional background in business are strongly correlated with bad climate mitigation outcomes. In particular, higher emissions and lower renewable energy deployment are more likely to occur during the tenure of former business people. Our results suggest that voters and pressure groups should pay attention to candidates’ professional backgrounds, in addition to their party’s ideology.

Analysis of Natural Aging Behavior of Asphalt Binder in Cold and Arid Region

With extremely bad climate and poor geographical environment in cold and arid region, the deterioration and failure of road materials are serious. In order to analyze the characteristics of natural aging behavior of asphalt binder in cold and arid region, the experiments were carried out based on the exposure field test base. The multiscale characterization of virgin asphalt under different natural aging conditions was carried out by means of macromechanical analysis and microchemical composition analysis. The results showed that the effects of natural aging and laboratory simulated aging on asphalt binder properties were similar. There was little effect on the performance of asphalt binder after natural aging one year. The effect of natural aging on asphalt binder in one year was similar to that of laboratory short-term aging. However, the strong UV radiation was a great challenge for asphalt pavement in Northwest China. Wind, dust, rain, and other factors have little effect on asphalt binder aging. Affected by the natural environment, macromolecular structures such as oxygen-containing polar functional groups will form in asphalt binder. The molecular weight of asphalt binder was increased, and the internal molecules of asphalt binder were subjected to large internal friction resistance in the process of movement. The macroscopic physical properties and road performance of asphalt binder become poor.

Motivators and Barriers for Physical Activity among Health-Care Professionals: A Qualitative Study.

Background:Physical inactivity is one of the critical risk factors for lifestyle-related diseases. In Kerala, the life expectancy of doctors who are considered the gatekeepers of health was found to be 13 years lower than the general population.Objective:The objective was to identify the motivators and barriers for physical activity among doctors and nurses belonging to public and private health-care sectors in Ernakulam district.Methodology:Qualitative study was conducted using a grounded theory approach. A total of 30 in-depth interviews and 8 focus group discussions were conducted among doctors and nurses, respectively. The audio-recorded data were transcribed, coded, and thematically analyzed.Results:The main themes identified were motivators, barriers, and future considerations for physical activity. The factors motivating doctors were the fear of noncommunicable diseases and to stay fit, while the nurses were more concerned about their body image. The common barriers were gender, lack of time, laziness, bad climate, and safety issues. Overreliance on medication and prioritizing their patients' health over their own were additional barriers.Conclusion:Physical activity among doctors and nurses is severely compromised. Provision of a favorable environment and behavior change is needed to combat the silent epidemic of physical inactivity.

Spatial pattern of location advantages of ports along the Maritime Silk Road

Location advantages of ports refer to the current developments of ports based on their conditions, such as geographic location, traffic accessibility and hinterland economy, etc., and the spatial pattern of ports’ location advantages reflects the spatial distributions, the regularities and the correlations among their conditions for development. A good understanding of the spatial patterns of ports’ location advantages can help to better identify the relative advantages of ports, position ports’ functions and make strategic plans for development. This paper selected 1259 ports from 63 countries along the Maritime Silk Road as research objects and builds an accessing model to analyze their location advantages on the bases of six factors: the influence of strategic shipping pivot, the competitiveness of port location potential, port network status, the influence of city, the influence of traffic trunk, and road network density in hinterland. The study has the following three findings. Firstly, the location advantages of ports show a “high-low-high” distribution pattern from the west to the east, displaying an obvious “core-periphery” regionalized distribution. Secondly, most ports have high location advantages, mainly located in Strait of Malacca, the United Arab Emirates, northern Mediterranean coastal region and China-Japan region, the top 10 ports are mainly located in Singapore, China, Malaysia and Japan, indicating that the shipping industry in Asia-Pacific region has stepped to the far front of the global competition; slow economic growths, wars, far away from the Belt and Road countries or bad climate have low location advantages, mainly located in African coastal areas, Oceania, Northeast Europe and Russia. Thirdly, compared with the landward location advantages, the seaward location advantages have a higher influence, and different indicators of location advantages have different influences on the evaluation results, the competitiveness of port location potential being the core indicator.

Stable Gas Production Scheme of a Combined Gas Supply System in Bohai Bay

There are six oil and gas fields in the combined gas supply system in Bohai Bay, with many gas supply nodes, high risk of oil-water coning in gas wells and bad climate. In order to control the gas flow, regional management of pipe network shall be implemented, and control center shall be set up on the principle of maximizing gas production capacity. The gas production capacity declines rapidly after seeing water and oil. The critical gas production capacity of each stage is obtained by exploring the working system of gas wells, the change rule of oil color and gas production. In view of the phenomenon of fluid accumulation in the wellbore, the bubble drainage technology is adopted to achieve the effects of fluid drainage and gas increase. By means of gas well blowout and depressurization mining, the gas well productivity can be restored, the gas well life can be prolonged, and the recovery factor can be increased by 5.5%. Establish and optimize the management system of chemical medicine injection and regular pass-ball, prevent the formation of hydrate, and ensure the safe production of gas supply system in winter when the ambient temperature is only −19 ℃.

Formation Lithology Identification Technology along Railway in Complex and Dangerous Mountainous Area Based on Hyperspectral

In view of the difficulties during implementation of conventional survey methods for railway projects in complex and dangerous mountainous areas, the section from Maoxian to Songpan in Chengdu-Lanzhou Railway with complex terrain and bad climate is selected as the research area to extract hyperspectral remote sensing technology content of the research area. Based on the research of indoor hyperspectral image processing, outdoor rock sample collection and indoor spectrum analysis, establish a suitable feature extraction and lithologic recognition classification method according to the unique spectrum integration feature of hyperspectral remote sensing image. Use the visible short wave infrared hyperspectral data of the latest domestic Gaofen-5 satellite, carry out the lithologic plotting experiment in the key areas of the section from Maoxian to Songpan in Chengdu-Lanzhou Railway, and make accuracy evaluation by selecting a certain way for the mapping results. It provides important thematic information for regional lithologic investigation, and provides strong technical support for selection, survey and design of Chengdu-Lanzhou Railway construction, which is helpful for similar projects.

Ecological Marketing: A Component in the System of the Social Responsibility of Business

The article’s objective is to investigate using of environmental marketing in marketing strategies at company level through creating the concept of social responsibility of business, which has the social character and global implications, because the problems related with breaking environmental balance by production activities in a region or country have anthropogenic consequences for the whole world. 
 Environmental technologies have been widely used in marketing strategies of companies, with large numbers of well known companies and corporations taking advantage of environmental or “green” marketing. But in Ukraine this trend is still at the early phase due to difficult social, economic and political conditions. Data is provided about the number of polluting companies on the Ukrainian territory, giving evidence of bad climate for investors that otherwise might invest in resource saving and environmentally friendly production technologies. Even the notions of “environmental economy” or “green economy” are new to Ukraine and not found in the official documents, although the strategic goals of economic development, outlined in Ukraine for the forthcoming 10 to 12 years, have something common with the objectives to transition to “green” economy. Yet, a change has already visible in the creation of a new “green movement”, a public association propagating environmental modernization of companies and standing for preservation of environment in region, city or village. In view of the above, using of environmental marketing is investigated by case of companies operating on consumer markets of Ukraine. The analysis of marketing activities of companies in promoting environmental innovation shows that it has good chances for further expansion. The study demonstrates that the environmental awareness of the population is growing, with some individuals displaying higher concern with preservation of own health and the environment, and these expectations can be met by the market of environmental goods, which is turning into a highly competitive and attractive niche.

Study on location selection of client-supplied goods and materials support center for the Sichuan-Tibet railway based on dynamic intuitionistic fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making

The construction of the Sichuan-Tibet railway is encountered with some problems such as complicated geological conditions, bad climate, active plate movement, and sensitive ecological environment. Therefore, scientific and reasonable site selection is an essential guarantee for the smooth construction of the Sichuan-Tibet railway. Through constructing weighted scoring function and intuitionistic fuzzy similarity model and researching the dynamic intuitionistic fuzzy multi-attribute decision-making method considering time factor, the location decision of client-supplied goods and materials support center for Sichuan-Tibet railway construction can be complete, and the research theories and methods of location problem worldwide can be analyzed. Given the route direction and engineering construction of the Ya’an-Linzhi section of the Sichuan-Tibet railway, this paper aims to set up seven client-supplied goods and materials support centers as alternative site selection schemes, which integrates six factors (transportation, geological conditions, climate environment, site selection characteristics, engineering construction, and communication conditions) and constructs 12 index systems for client-supplied goods and materials support center location selection. Combining with the index system, the intuitionistic fuzzy decision-making matrices for four periods are established. Besides, using a dynamic intuitionistic multi-attribute decision-making method, the weighted results of similarity decision-making matrices are compared, and the location schemes of client-supplied goods and materials support centers are sequenced. The results demonstrate that Linzhi is the best site selection scheme for the construction client-supplied goods and materials support center of Ya’an to Linzhi section of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway, providing reference significance for supporting the construction of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway Project.

A Smart Eye for the Lost Aeroplane

Now a days even with the aeronautical modern technology along with weather forecasting, aviation accidents still cannot be avoided and hearing news about loss of control, airplane crashes and disappearance due to humans errors, bad climate, mechanical failure or any obstruct. Some missing flights in middle of the seas still could not found where they were collapsing. In this paper the design of a module consists of two layers inner and outer with some sensors. The module is made with hard metal, whenever the flight crashes and interact with water the pH sensor will measure the water. If the water salinity is equal to the sea water, the outer layer of the module become open up and using GPS can find current location and transmitted through RF transmitter. In case of some regions like Bermuda triangle no signals work.The inner module that designed the body like, does not allow the water to pass through it easily inside and it can float on the water. The module consists of high intensity flickering lights can easily identify the location where the module present and through memory in the module can find the place where the planes were collapsed..

Climate change impact to socio-economy vulnerability in northern Java coastal area

This study aims to identify the north Java coastal areas that are affected by abrasion, to presents the result in a map, and to calculate the level of socio-economic vulnerability of people in the north Java coastal areas. Abrasion in the coastal area is an impact of the uprising will affect sea level. This condition will threaten the coastal communities’ life. The research methods were geographical information system (GIS), Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI) and Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA). GIS needed to determine the characteristics of areas with bad climate condition. GIS basically is a special type of information system that considers the representation and manipulation of geographical realty. LVI consists of seven main components to calculate the vulnerability level. CBA used to formulate policy scenario. People in the north Java coastal areas have a high level of socio-economy vulnerability. Mitigation on abrasion needs community awareness, both of people who live there and people who sale along the beach. The government also has a responsibility to mitigate the impact of abrasion in coastal areas.

The Importance of Corporate and Social Involvement in the Implementation of Climate Friendly Projects

Everyday people have been experiencing changes in weather and climate. The question is whether we are really on the top of a tendency or we just overstate the weather change because of our heuristic mentality? If the negative tendency of change is adopted we must involve climate friendly technologies in the strategic decision making process of enterprises. On the other hand, the important thing to keep in mind is that the main motor of the strategy is the profit. In case of the latest climate related strategies the problem is the hard quantification of the real profitability because it also depends on external effects. In spite of the classical investment analysis, the cost-benefit analysis is able to take into account negative and positive external effects. In case of strategic decision the new technologies or methods are also confronted with resistance. In the strategic decision making process we should calculate with these resistances as well. The aim of this study is to highlight those long-term calculation methods and business models which are able to consider the external effects of projects and examine the real profitability and break-even point in case of bad climate tendency scenarios. In this paper we present a new method which includes the cost-benefit analysis and the change equation.

The impact of weather forecasting advisory services in decision taken in field operation

ABSTRACT : Weather and climate condition influence the society and economy. In addition year to year variation to timing, intensity and duration of seasonal precipitation and extreme temperature has large impact on people and physical landscape. Seasonal climate forecast provide probabilistic monthly or seasonal climate prediction for the forthcoming year. Agricultural activities are very dependent on climatic condition. The failure of crop to produce good yield is very often due to bad climate. Capability of farmers to use climate forecast to anticipate the events is very limited. Farmers and farming community throughout the world survived and developed by mastering the ability to adopt widely varying weather and climate conditions. However, dramatic growth in human population is imposing enormous pressure on existing farming production system. Knowledge of seasonal climatic forecast allows farmers and other user of climate information to develop seasonal management strategies learning to potential improvement in the productivity. Benefit arises when the use of forecasts results in decisions that reduce the vulnerability of human populations to the adverse impacts of climate variability. The focus here is on impacts of climate variability on agricultural production systems and decisions related to their management. We can represent the opportunity to benefit as falling within the intersection of human vulnerability, climate predictability and decision capacity.

Cheap Food and Bad Climate: From Surplus Value to Negative Value in the Capitalist World-Ecology

AbstractCapitalism, understood as a world-ecology that joins accumulation, power, and nature in dialectical unity, has been adept at evading so-called Malthusian dynamics through an astonishing historical capacity to produce, locate, and occupy cheap natures external to the system. In recent decades, the last frontiers have closed, and this astonishing historical capacity has withered. This “withering” is perhaps most evident in capitalism’s failure to offer a new, actually productive, agricultural model—as agrobiotechnology failed to deliver on its promissory notes. Moving from bad to worse, a second set of contradictions is now mediated through climate change. Climate change, one among many ongoing biospheric shifts, is interwoven with the totality of neoliberal agriculture’s contradictions to produce a new contradiction: negative value. This signals the emergence of forms of nature that are increasingly hostile to capital accumulation and that can be temporarily fixed (if at all) only through increasin...

Promoting awareness, knowledge of and compliance with the National Children's Physical Activity Guidelines

Introduction: Engagement in exercise and sports has been recommended for adolescents to enhance physical fitness and healthy development. Especially, school-based extracurricular sports activities (SBECSA) are providing a major opportunity for adolescents to play sports. Additionally, SBECSA contribute to positive youth development. By contrast, it is challenge for teachers and coaches to manage SBECSA with active participation of students. Although there are some studies examined factors associated with motivation of adolescents to participate in some sports, no study focusing onmotivation to participate in SBECSA among them. Therefore, the purpose of the present studywas to examine the factors decreasing motivation of students to participate in SBECSA. Methods: Personal semi-structured interview was performed to 23 student members of 9 SBECSA that have external coach (men: n=11; age range: 12–17 years). They were recruited from 3 junior high schools and 3 high schools, 5 prefectures in Japan. To vary the characteristics of participants, purposeful sampling was conducted. The interview contained predetermined openended questions about factors decreasingmotivation to participate in SBECSA. Participants were asked to respond freely to the questions and all topics were explored until exhausted. For analysis, the KJ method—a qualitative type of analyses—was selected. Each recorded interview was transcribed verbatim. All transcribed data were divided into individual content. Then, nearly identical contents were grouped together and consisted of ‘sub-categories’, and ‘categories’. Definition of each category was given by three researchers. Results: Eight categories—uncomfortable climate of SBECSA (e.g. bad climate of SBECSA, and lack of unity among team members), undesirable coaching and indication (e.g. getting scorched, and inconsistency between self and coach’s assessment), bad physical condition (fatigue, feeling of unwellness, and injury), undesirable contents of practice (being not able to do desirable practice, and hard training), lack of skill (being not able to play well, and guiltiness to unskilled play), retirement of team members (retirement of older team members), problems in school life (a lot of homework), and bad weather (rainy)—were identified. Discussion: The present study showed novel factors decreasing motivation of students to participate in SBECSA, although a part of resultswere similarwithprevious study such asundesirable coaching and indication, and undesirable contents of practice. Teachers and coaches could increase motivation of students by making good climate of SBECSA and hearing students’ opinion for improve contents of practice.