Baculites Research Articles

Maastrichtian cephalopods from Cerralvo, north‐eastern Mexico

Sediments of the Méndez Formation near Cerralvo, north‐eastern Mexico, yield an abundant and diverse Maastrichtian ammonite assemblage. A total of 23 species referred to 18 genera are described, in addition to the possible coleoid Naefia neogaeia. The assemblage is considered to be of early Maastrichtian age on the basis of ammonite occurrences and has been dated to the lower Maastrichtian biozone CF 7 by planktic foraminifera. None of the ammonite species has been reported previously from the Méndez Formation and most species are recorded from Mexico for the first time. In addition to faunal elements known from other Gulf of Mexico localities [Baculites ovatus, Nostoceras (N.) alternatum, N. (N.) colubriformis, N. (N.) rugosum, Solenoceras reesidei] the assemblage is characterized by cosmopolitan (e.g. Anagaudryceras politissimum, Desmophyllites diphylloides, Diplomoceras cylindraceum, Gaudryceras kayei, Phyllopachyceras forbesianum, and Pseudophyllites indra) and Tethyan elements [e.g. Brahmaites (Anabrahmaites) vishnu, Fresvillia constricta, Hauericeras rembda, Solenoceras texanum, Tetragonites superstes]. Some ammonite species have been known from the Indopacific region a [e.g. Fresvillia aff. F. teres, Neophylloceras (Hypophylloceras) hetonaiense, Zelandites varuna] and are clearly cold‐water species. The composition of the assemblage contrasts with other Gulf of Mexico faunas which is related to bathymetry.

Magnetostratigraphic and biostratigraphic correlation of late Campanian and Maastrichtian marine and continental strata from the Red Deer Valley to the Cypress Hills, Alberta, Canada

Two stratigraphic sequences, Red Deer Valley and Cypress Hills sections in Alberta, spanning the late Campanian to Paleocene are magnetostratigraphically and biostratigraphically characterized. The Red Deer Valley section had previously been studied, but additional material has allowed the extension of the magnetozonation downwards into the Bearpaw Formation. Higher sample resolution has allowed the identification of a number of magnetosubzones in 32n, 32r, and 33n. Four reversed magnetosubzones have been identified in magnetozone 32n in addition to the one presently recognized in geomagnetic polarity time scales. One normal subzone in 32r and one reversed subzone in 33n have also been recorded. The 32r–33n boundary is shown to occur in the Baculites cuneatus Zone. The Campanian-Maastrichtian boundary is indicated to be at or near the Baculites eliasi – Baculites baculus boundary at the top of 32n. Comparisons of the biostratigraphy between the two areas indicate that palynomorph ranges differ from data published to date, suggesting that readjustments to the previously published zonation are needed. Correlations between the two areas are possible using the magnetostratigraphic and palynological zones and allow comparisons of depositional rates.

Role of predation and parasitism in the extinction of the inoceramid bivalves: an evaluation

The inoceramid bivalves were dominant constituents of marine, epifaunal communities throughout the Late Mesozoic. They experienced a rapid decline in the Early Maastrichtian and virtually all taxa disappeared 1.5 Myr prior to the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) boundary. The ultimate cause for their demise is still controversial. This study evaluates the role predation, parasitism and/or disease played in the evolution and extinction of Early Maastrichtian inoceramids from the Western Interior Seaway of North America (WIS). Escalation - the ‘evolutionary arms race’ between predators and prey - is said to be one of the most influential selective agents in evolution. Evidence of predation, parasitism, and disease in inoceramids is virtually undocumented prior to the Turonian. However, populations of inoceramids from the Late Cretaceous Pierre Shale show a marked increase in the number of individuals in which evidence for attempted predation and/or parasitism is preserved. The percentage of predation and/or parasitism steadily increases between the Baculites baculus and the B. grandis ammonite biozones (uppermost Campanian through Lower Maastrichtian) from 2.6% to values as high as 44.6%. The dramatic increase in shell deformities among inoceramids corresponds to a rapid radiation of shell-crushing brachyuran crabs and may be related to their activity. The introduction of new, efficient predators, such as brachyuran crabs, combined with parasitism and disease could have stressed inoceramid populations. Thus, they may have been more susceptible to environmental perturbations than under normal ‘background’ conditions. The disappearance of the inoceramids, at least from the WIS, may be one of the few cases where virtually an entire family lost the ‘evolutionary arms race’.

Strontium isotope correlation of the basal Maastrichtian Stage in Antarctica to the European and US biostratigraphic schemes

New 87 Sr/ 86 Sr dating allows the correlation of a marker horizon within the prolific Late Cretaceous Gunnarites antarcticus faunal assemblage of the Cape Lamb Member, Snow Hill Island Formation, Vega Island, Antarctica with reference sections in Europe and the USA. This horizon is between 81.5 and 96.5 m above the base of the G antarcticus assemblage. Replicate analysis of six macrofossils from within it yielded a mean value for 87 Sr/ 86 Sr of 0.707 735 9 ± 0.000 004 3 (± 2 s.e., n =17). This ratio in turn yields a numerical age of 71.0 ± 0.2 Ma when compared to the standard 87 Sr/ s6 Sr reference curve for the latest Cretaceous, for which the Campanian-Maastrichtian boundary is placed at 71.3 ± 0.5 Ma. The value of 0.707 735 9 ± 0.000 004 3 correlates to a level in the Belemnella lanceolata belemnite Zone of the Chalk of northwestern Germany that is 2.5 ± 5 m beneath the base of the overlying B. pseudobtusa Zone (and 7.5 m above the Campanian-Maastrichtian belemnite boundary), and to an interval within the ammonite zonation of the US Western Interior that spans the early Maastrichtian Baculites baculus and B. eliasi zones, but with a most likely level within the B. eliasi Zone. An earliest Maastrichtian age is thereby determined for the Antarctic horizon, and indeed for the entire G. antarcticus assemblage. Gunnarites, sensu lato, is an important ammonite marker for the base of the Maastrichtian throughout the southern high-latitude regions, and the associated large heteromorph ammonite Diplomoceras may comprise a macrofossil link back to the Maastrichtian type sections.

Oxygen and carbon isotopic "dissection" of Baculites compressus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) from the Pierre Shale (Upper Campanian) of South Dakota: Implications for paleoenvironmental reconstructions

A systematic stable isotopic study of an exceptionally well-preserved Baculites compressus specimen from the Pierre Shale (Upper Campanian) of South Dakota was conducted to assess whether the variations recorded in the calcareous shells of baculitids can be used as a reliable indicator of paleoenvironmental conditions. We sampled the B. compressus conch along four sampling profiles: (1) an ontogenetic traverse parallel to growth direction, (2) a virtually isochronous traverse along two different lirae delineated by growth lines, (3) a septal traverse, and (4) a shell-wall traverse through the conch wall. To date, the ontogenetic sequence is the longest record produced from baculitids. We interpret the isotopic variations determined from the ontogenetic, septal, and depth-profile traverses to be dominated by an environmental signal, especially in shell material deposited prior to septal crowding (i.e., maturity). In contrast, we interpret the isotopic variations determined from the isochronous traverse along the two different lirae to be altered by biological vital effects. Our results indicate that a careful sampling strategy that avoids strongly ornamented areas of the shell is required if a true paleoenvironmental signal is to be extracted from the calcareous shells of baculitids, and perhaps other ammonites as well. Our best estimate of seasonal seawater-temperature variation in the Late Campanian Western Interior Seaway at 42 degrees N, based on the oxygen isotopic data from the baculitid specimen, is 10.0 degrees C (range of 29.7 degrees C to 19.7 degrees C).

Oxygen and Carbon Isotopic "Dissection" of Baculites compressus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) from the Pierre Shale (Upper Campanian) of South Dakota: Implications for Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions

Oxygen and Carbon Isotopic "Dissection" of Baculites compressus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) from the Pierre Shale (Upper Campanian) of South Dakota: Implications for Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions

Upper Campanian (Upper Cretaceous) ammonites from the Marshalltown formation-Mount Laurel boundary beds in Delaware

New collections from the Marshalltown Formation and basal Mount Laurel Sand along the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal in Delaware clarify the ammonite dating of the interval. The Marshalltown Formation yields Pachydiscus (Pachydiscus) sp., Menuites portlocki (Sharpe, 1855) complexus (Hall and Meek, 1856), a subspecies restricted to the Baculites gregoryensis and Baculites scotti zones in the Western Interior of the United States, and Didymoceras binodosum (Kennedy and Cobban, 1993a) known only from the B. scotti zone of the Western Interior and correlatives in Arkansas and Texas. The basal part of the Mount Laurel Sand contains a complex assemblage preserved as phosphatic molds: Nostoceras (Nostoceras) monotuberculatum Kennedy and Cobban, 1993a, Nostoceras (N.) sp., Didymoceras platycostatum (Kennedy and Cobban, 1993b), D. stevensoni (Whitfield, 1877) (previously thought to be from the Marshalltown) and Exiteloceras jenneyi (Whitfield, 1877). The last two are index species of their eponymous zones in the Western Interior. This sequence is compatible with ammonites from the Wenonah Formation, which lies between the Marshalltown and Mount Laurel to the north and contains ammonites indicative of the Baculites scotti zone, and the fauna from higher in the Mount Laurel Sand, which includes elements of the Didymoceras cheyennense and Baculites compressus zones of the Western Interior sequence.

Baculites (Protobaculites) Collignon, 1964 (Cretaceous; Ammonoidea), is a synonym of Hemiptychoceras Spath, 1925

<i>Baculites</i> (<i>Protobaculites</i>) Collignon, 1964 (Cretaceous; Ammonoidea), is a synonym of <i>Hemiptychoceras</i> Spath, 1925

Strontium isotope stratigraphy in the Late Cretaceous: Numerical calibration of the Sr isotope curve and intercontinental correlation for the campanian

The white Chalk exposed in quarries at Lägerdorf and Kronsmoor, northwestern Germany, provides a standard section for the European Upper Cretaceous. The 87Sr/86Sr values of nannofossil chalk and belemnite calcite increase upward through 330 m of section, from ≤0.70746 in the Upper Santonian to ≥0.70777 in the Lower Maastrichtian. The data define three linear trends separated by major points of inflection at stratigraphic heights in the section of 162 m (75.5 Ma) in the Upper Campanian Galerites vulgaris zone and at −6 m (82.9 Ma), just above the base of the Campanian in the Inoceramus lingua/Gonioteuthis quadrata zone. The temporal rate of change of 87Sr/86Sr was constant through each of the linear segments of our isotope “curve” when viewed at the resolution of our average sampling interval (0.15 m.y.). Fine structure, if real, may record brief (&lt;100 kyr) excursions of 87Sr/86Sr from values expected from the overall trends. In Lägerdorf, the boundary between the Santonian and Campanian stages, taken here as the level of first occurrence of the belemnite Gonioteuthis granulataquadrata, has an 87Sr/86Sr of 0.707473±5. This is within error of the values of 0.707457±16 for this boundary in the U.S. western interior (base of the Scaphites leei III zone) and 0.707479±9 for this boundary in the English Chalk (top of the Marsupites testudinarius zone). In Kronsmoor, the boundary between the Campanian and Maastrichtian stages, taken here as the level of first occurrence of the belemnite Belemnella lanceolata, has an 87Sr/86Sr of 0.707723±4. This is within error of the values of 0.707725±20 for this boundary in the U.S. western interior (base of the Baculites eliasi zone) and 0.707728±5 for this boundary in the English Chalk (defined as in Germany).

Occurrence of the Upper Cretaceous ammonite Rhaeboceras in the Baculites eliasi Zone of the Pierre Shale

The discovery of a specimen of Rhaeboceras coloradoense Cobban, 1987, in the Baculites eliasi zone in east-central Montana is significant for three reasons: 1) it is the most geologically recent occurrence of Rhaeboceras; 2) it connects more closely than previous specimens the lineage between the genus Rhaeboceras Meek and Ponteixites Warren, its apparent smaller descendant; and 3) it significantly extends the geographical range of the species.

Strontium isotope stratigraphy in the Late Cretaceous: intercontinentaI correlation of the Campanian/ Maastrichtian boundary

ABSTRACTIn the Boreal Chalk of northwestern Europe the base of the Maastrichtian Stage is defined by entry of the belemnite Belemnella. In the Kronsmoor section, in northwestern Germany, which is a standard section for the European Chalk, 87Sr/86Sr at the Campanian/ Maastrichtian (C/M) boundary is 0.707723±9 (10). An isotopic correlation of this boundary to the US Western Interior, for which a highly refined cephalopod biostratigraphy exists, suggests that this boundary, as defined at Kronsmoor, occurs within the Baculites jenseni zone. This correlationagrees with the latest placement based on biostratigraphic criteria. On87Sr/86Srcriteria the boundary at Kronsmoor correlates to the English Chalk at Trunch, Norfolk, UK, at a level 3.5 m lower than its position based on biostratigraphic criteria.At Kronsmoor, 87Sr/86Sr increases in a quasi‐linear manner through much of the section, suggesting that, averaged over intervals of 1 Myr, the gross sedimentation rate and temporal rate of change of 87Sr/86Sr were approximately constant through the section. For US samples, zonally‐plotted values of 87Sr/86Sr define a quasi‐linear trend, which suggests a moderate uniformity of zonal duration from the Baculites compressus zone (73.2±0.7 Ma, 10) to the Baculites grandis zone (70.1±0.7 Ma, 10).

Occurrence of Baculites Ovatus Zone of Upper Alberta Shales in Southeastern British Columbia: GEOLOGICAL NOTES

Occurrence of Baculites Ovatus Zone of Upper Alberta Shales in Southeastern British Columbia: GEOLOGICAL NOTES

Occurrence of Baculites Ovatus Zone of Upper Alberta Shales in Southeastern British Columbia: DISCUSSION

Occurrence of Baculites Ovatus Zone of Upper Alberta Shales in Southeastern British Columbia: DISCUSSION

The Larval Coil of Baculites

Previous articleNext article FreeThe Larval Coil of BaculitesJames Perrin SmithJames Perrin Smith Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The American Naturalist Volume 35, Number 409Jan., 1901 Published for The American Society of Naturalists Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/277846 Views: 130Total views on this site Citations: 14Citations are reported from Crossref PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:T. N. Bogdanova, I. A. Mikhailova Middle Aptian biostratigraphy and ammonoids of the Northern Caucasus and Transcaspia, Paleontological Journal 50, no.88 (Jan 2017): 725–933.https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030115100019Kenneth De Baets, Neil H. Landman, Kazushige Tanabe Ammonoid Embryonic Development, (Jul 2015): 113–205.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9630-9_5Cyprian Kulicki, Kazushige Tanabe, Neil H. Landman, Andrzej Kaim Ammonoid Shell Microstructure, (Jul 2015): 321–357.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9630-9_8Kazato Arai, Ryoji Wani Variable growth modes in Late Cretaceous ammonoids: implications for diverse early life histories, Journal of Paleontology 86, no.22 (May 2016): 258–267.https://doi.org/10.1666/11-068.1Anton M. Sprey Tuberculate micro-ornament on the juvenile shell of Middle Jurassic ammonoids, Lethaia 34, no.11 (Jan 2007): 31–35.https://doi.org/10.1080/002411601300068215Neil H. Landman, Kazushige Tanabe, Yasunari Shigeta Ammonoid Embryonic Development, (Jan 1996): 343–405.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9153-2_11Cyprian Kulicki Ammonoid Shell Microstructure, (Jan 1996): 65–101.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9153-2_4YASUNARI SHIGETA Post-hatching early life history of Cretaceous Ammonoidea, Lethaia 26, no.22 (Jun 1993): 133–145.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3931.1993.tb01804.xKazushige Tanabe Endocochliate embryo model in the Mesozoic Ammonitida, Historical Biology 2, no.33 (Aug 1989): 183–196.https://doi.org/10.1080/08912968909386501DAVID JABLONSKI, RICHARD A. LUTZ LARVAL ECOLOGY OF MARINE BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES: PALEOBIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS, Biological Reviews 58, no.11 (Feb 1983): 21–89.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-185X.1983.tb00380.xLARISA DOGUZHAEVA, IRINA MIKHAILOVA The genus Luppovia and the phylogeny of Cretaceous heteromorphic ammonoids, Lethaia 15, no.11 (Oct 2007): 55–65.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3931.1982.tb01974.xLARISA DOGUZHAEVA, IRINA MIKHAILOVA , Lethaia 15, no.11 ( 1982): 55.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1502-3931.1982.tb01120.xJost Wiedmann Entwicklungsprinzipien der Kreideammoniten, Paläontologische Zeitschrift 37, no.1-21-2 (Jun 1963): 103–121.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02989604Otto H. Schindewolf Zur Morphogenie und Terminologie der Ammoneen-Lobenlinie, Paläontologische Zeitschrift 25, no.1-21-2 (Dec 1951): 11–34.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03044008

On some Podophthalmatous Crustacea from the Cretaceous Formation of Vancouver and Queen Charlotte Islands

Some time since I received from my friend Mr. J. F. Whiteaves, F.G.S., Palæontologist to the Geological Survey of Canada, several interesting crustaceans from the Cretaceous coal-bearing formation of Vancouver and Queen Charlotte Islands, and, as they offer a close affinity with forms from our own Gault and Greensand, they are deserving of special notice. The existence of Cretaceous strata in Canada has long been known, and the coal–fields of Nanaimo and Comox on Vancouver Island have been correlated with this formation as well as those of Queen Charlotte Island and Alberta, eastward of the Rocky Mountains. Mr. F. B. Meek in 1857 gave a description of new organic remains from the Cretaceous of Vancouver Island, including Baculites ovatus ? Say; Ammonites (Scaphites) ramosus, A. Newberryanus, Dentalium nanaimoensis, Thracia(?) occidentalis, Thr.(9) subtruncata, Trigonia Evansana, Pholadomya subelongata, Ph, (Goniomya) borealis, Cardium scitulum, Area vancouverensis. A, (Cucullæa) æquilateralis, and Nucula Traskana . Dr. B. F. Shumard in 1858 added Inoceramus vancouverensis, Pinna calamitoides , and Pyrula glabra to the Nanaimo fauna. In Prof. H. Y. Hind's ‘Report on the .Assiniboine and Saskatchewan Expedition’ (1859) further lists of fossils are given, 13 in number, all referred to Cretaceous forms, namely In 1861 Dr. (now Sir) James Hector instituted a comparison between the strata east of the Rocky Mountain with those of Vancouver Island (Capt. Palliser's Exploring Expedition, 1857–60).The list of Cretaceous fossils contributed by Mr. Etheridge from east of the Rocky Mountains comprised Inoceramus Crippsii (Roemer) and Baculities compressus (Say) are stated to be common to

III. This Development of the Shell in the coiled stage of Baculites compressus, Say.

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.

Descriptions of New Species of Fossils, from the Cretaceous Formations of Nebraska, with Observations upon Baculites ovatus and B. compressus, and the Progressive Development of the Septa in Baculites, Ammonites, and Scaphites

Descriptions of New Species of Fossils, from the Cretaceous Formations of Nebraska, with Observations upon Baculites ovatus and B. compressus, and the Progressive Development of the Septa in Baculites, Ammonites, and Scaphites