Bactrocera Dorsalis Research Articles

Effects of Physiological Status and Environmental Factors on the Lure Responses of Three Pest Fruit Fly Species (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Biotic and abiotic factors influence how insects respond to stimuli. This can make it challenging to interpret captures in traps used to monitor pest abundance in management programmes. To address this, the lure response of three pest fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) was evaluated in a semi-field setting with respect to several physiological and environmental factors. Using standardised methods with known fly numbers in field cages, the response to Biolure (food-based lure) was evaluated for Ceratitis capitata, Ceratitis cosyra and Bactrocera dorsalis. Response to the male lures was tested: E.G.O PheroLure for C. capitata and C. cosyra, Trimedlure for C. capitata, and methyl eugenol for B. dorsalis. The physiological variables evaluated were fly age, sex, weight, and total body nutritional composition. The environmental effects of temperature, relative humidity and light intensity were also assessed. Protein-deprived adults responded more strongly to Biolure. The response to Biolure was not sex-specific. Fly age influenced the response of all species to all tested lures. However, this effect was species and lure specific. Temperature was the most influential environmental factor, with response generally increasing with temperature. Lower thresholds for lure response, despite the proximity of responsive flies, range from 12.21 to 22.95 °C depending on the species and lure tested. These results indicate that trapping systems and management activity thresholds must take physiological and environmental variation into account to increase their accuracy.

AANAT1 regulates insect midgut detoxification through the ROS/CncC pathway

Insecticide resistance has been a problem in both the agricultural pests and vectors. Revealing the detoxification mechanisms may help to better manage insect pests. Here, we showed that arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase 1 (AANAT1) regulates intestinal detoxification process through modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-activated transcription factors cap“n”collar isoform-C (CncC): muscle aponeurosis fibromatosis (Maf) pathway in both the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, and the arbovirus vector, Aedes aegypti. Knockout/knockdown of AANAT1 led to accumulation of biogenic amines, which induced a decreased in the gut ROS level. The reduced midgut ROS levels resulted in decreased expression of CncC and Maf, leading to lower expression level of detoxification genes. AANAT1 knockout/knockdown insects were more susceptible to insecticide treatments. Our study reveals that normal functionality of AANAT1 is important for the regulation of gut detoxification pathways, providing insights into the mechanism underlying the gut defense against xenobiotics in metazoans.

Field longevity of methyl eugenol and cue-lure plugs and associated insecticidal strips: captures of Bactrocera dorsalis and Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Hawaii.

Certain species of true fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) cause tremendous damage to commercially important fruits and vegetables, and many countries operate continuous trapping programs which rely on male-specific lures such as trimedlure (TML), methyl eugenol (ME), and cue-lure (CL). Traditionally, these attractants have been applied as liquids to cotton wicks inside traps, although this results in high evaporative loss of the lure. Slow-release, polymeric plugs have been widely adopted for TML, but such devices are not widely used for ME or CL. Recent data, however, suggest that ME and CL plugs may be attractive for as long as 12 wk in the field. The present study investigates whether ME and CL plugs weathered for 18 or 24 wk are effective in capturing males of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett), respectively. For B. dorsalis, 6 g ME plugs were as effective as the control treatment (fresh liquid on a wick) after 12 wk of weathering but not after 18 or 24 wk. For Z. cucurbitae, 3 g CL plugs were as effective as the control treatment (fresh CL plugs) after 12 and 18 wk of weathering but not after 24 wk. The residual content and release rate of the 2 lures were also measured over time, but, with the exception of the residual content of ME, we did not find a direct correlation between these parameters and numbers of flies captured.

Attractiveness, longevity, and release rates of multilure wafers for trapping males of the oriental fruit fly and melon fly (Diptera: Tephritidae).

Invasive fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) pose a serious threat to the production and export of many commercially important fruits and vegetables. Detection of the agricultural pests Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) relies heavily on traps baited with male-specific attractants. For B. dorsalis, traps are typically baited with liquid methyl eugenol (ME), and for Z. cucurbitae, traps are baited with liquid cue-lure (CL). Operating large-scale trapping networks is costly, consequently, there is much interest in identifying ways to maintain network sensitivity while reducing costs. One cost-cutting approach is the possibility of combining different male lures in the same dispenser, thus reducing the number of traps requiring servicing. The chief objective of this study was to compare captures of B. dorsalis and Z. cucurbitae males in Jackson traps baited with polymeric wafers impregnated with both ME and raspberry ketone (RK, a hydrolyzed form of CL) versus traps baited with liquid ME or CL freshly applied to cotton wicks. Captures were measured when the ME/RK wafers had been weathered for 12, 18, or 24wk. Captures of B. dorsalis and Z. cucurbitae males were similar between fresh lure and weathered wafers over all trapping periods, with a single exception apparently due to the lessened potency of the associated killing agent. The residual amount and release rate of ME and RK from the wafers were also measured to examine possible relationships between wafer chemistry and trap catch. The possible implications of the present results to area-wide trapping programs are discussed.

First report of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera, Tephritidae) on the white - fleshed dragon fruit Selenicereus undatus (Haworth) D.R. Hunt (Cactaceae) in India

The oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) has been reported on the white fleshed dragon fruit Selenicereus undatus (Haworth) D.R.Hunt for the first time in India. Symptoms of infestation and the duration of all life stages were observed. Females laid eggs just beneath the mature fruit skin. The tissue surrounding the egg mass turned light yellow. Oviposition punctures were visible on the fruit rind and the feeding of the maggots led to decay of internal contents, foul smell and the fruit turned in to a discolored semi liquid mass. Full grown maggots exited the fruit and entered a period of inactivity before pupation in moist soil. The egg, maggot and pupal stages lasted for 1.6± 0.40, 8.0 ± 0.40 and 8.0 ± 0.31 days, respectively under laboratory conditions. Adult longevity was 9.6 ± 0.5 days in the case of females and 6.4 ± 0.50 days for males.

Developing genetic tools to control the Oriental fruit fly: Potential approaches and target genes

AbstractThe Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, is a pest of significant economic interest that damages horticulture and causes major economic losses worldwide. The main control measures are based on insecticides, which are being increasingly restricted due to the development of genetic resistance. Therefore, there is a crucial need for a novel, sustainable, and environmentally safe means of controlling this pest. Advances in genome editing, aided by the discovery of CRISPR‐Cas9 tools and the development of gene drive systems, offer new alternatives for combating insect pests and vectors. Genetic suppression tools targeting key parameters could become powerful assets within the AW‐IPM programme for controlling B. dorsalis. This literature review provides an overview of currently characterized genes that could be targeted for genetic suppression of B. dorsalis.

Morphometric Anatomical Points of Fruit Fly (Bactrocera dorsalis Complex) using Generalized Procrustes Analysis Model

This study aims to analyze the morphometric anatomical wings of the fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Complex. The species used in this study consisted of 11 (eleven) species. The analysis technique of the wings of Bactrocera dorsalis Complex, i.e. the right wing of each individual was analyzed using Morphometric landmarks with 15 anatomical points. Digital images of wings are scaled in size and scale using Adobe Photoshop CS3 software. The results of anatomical point digitization are processed into MorphoJ software v. 1.06b. Digitization data of anatomical points of wing shape was collected using Generalized Procrustes Analysis (GPA). The results of the Canonical Variate Analysis (CVA) showed that there was a grouping of each species. The grouping of Bactrocera dorsalis complex wing types is based on the similarity of the percentage of cumulative values of CVA1 and CVA2 tests. Groups B. carambolae, B. minuscula, B. occipitalis, B. papayae, B. floresiae, B. philippinennsis, Bactrocera sp. 23, Bactrocera sp. 25, and Bactrocera sp. 26 grouped because they have similarities in wing venation. The difference in wing venation is found in Bactrocera sp. 27 and B. sumbawaensis because they are far from the group B. carambolae, B. minuscula, B. occipitalis, B. papayae, B. floresiae, B. philippinennsis, Bactrocera sp. 23, Bactrocera sp. 25, and Bactrocera sp. 26.

Dominance of Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel on Ceratitis cosyra Walker (Diptera: Tephritidae) in orchards in Bujumbura, Burundi

The aim of this study was to investigate the population fluctuations of Bactrocera dorsalis and Ceratitis cosyra in mango, citrus, and mixed orchards in Bujumbura city. Data was collected from six sites from December 2018 and December 2019 using trapping methodology. Two attractants (methyeugenol and terpinyl acetate), insecticide (dichlorvos DDVP 70%) and tephri traps were employed to attract and kill flies. The results indicate that B. dorsalis was more abundant in all sites (97.91%) than C. cosyra (2.09%). Fluctuation peaks for B. dorsalis were observed in April, October and December. A significant difference was noted in the monthly catches of both species (p<0.05). For C. cosyra, significant differences were observed in catches across all sites (p<0.05), whereas for B. dorsalis no such differences were found (p>0.05). The population fluctuations of B. dorsalis were observed during the maturation of mango and citrus fruits. B. dorsalis dominated in all sites.

Exploration of the potential of a boosted sterile insect technique to control fruit flies in mango orchards.

An innovative version of the sterile insect technique (SIT) for pest control, called boosted SIT, relies on the use of sterile males coated with a biocide to control a target wild pest population of the same species. The objective of the present study was to assess the relevance of such technology to control the fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis and fruit losses in mango orchards using. An agent-based simulation model named BOOSTIT was used to explore the reduction of fruit losses thank to sterile male fruit flies control and economic benefits according to different strategies of sterile male release. The simulation considered a landscape of 30.25 ha made up of four mango orchards. The SIT and the boosted SIT reduced fruit losses when releases were made before the mango fruiting period. According to model simulations, releases should be performed at least seven times at 2-week intervals and with a sterile/wild male ratio of at least 10:1. Considering the benefit/cost ratio (BCR), few releases should be done with a late start date. The BCR showed economic gains from the two control methods, the number of saved fruits and BCR being higher for SIT. Our simulations showed that SIT would have better results than the boosted SIT to contribute to an effective control of Bactrocera dorsalis at the scale of a small landscape. We highlight the need for laboratory studies of other types of pathogen to find a suitable one with higher incubation time and lower cost. © 2024 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

Isolation and Identification of Fungi from Bactrocera dorsalis as Candidate Entomopathogenic Fungi

Isolation and Identification of Fungi from Bactrocera dorsalis as Candidate Entomopathogenic Fungi

Identification of antennal alternative splicing by combining genome and full-length transcriptome analysis in Bactrocera dorsalis.

Alternative splicing is an essential post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism that diversifies gene function by generating multiple protein isoforms from a single gene and act as a crucial role in insect environmental adaptation. Olfaction, a key sense for insect adaptation, relies heavily on the antennae, which are the primary olfactory organs expressing most of the olfactory genes. Despite the extensive annotation of olfactory genes within insect antennal tissues facilitated by high-throughput sequencing technology advancements, systematic analyses of alternative splicing are still relatively less. In this study, we focused on the oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis), a significant pest of fruit crops. We performed a detailed analysis of alternative splicing in its antennae by utilizing the full-length transcriptome of its antennal tissue and the insect's genome. The results revealed 8600 non-redundant full-length transcripts identified in the oriental fruit fly antennal full-length transcriptome, spanning 4,145 gene loci. Over 40% of these loci exhibited multiple isoforms. Among these, 161 genes showed sex-biased isoform switching, involving seven different types of alternative splicing. Notably, events involving alternative transcription start sites (ATSS) and alternative transcription termination sites (ATTS) were the most common. Of all the genes undergoing ATSS and ATTS alternative splicing between male and female, 32 genes were alternatively spliced in protein coding regions, potentially affecting protein function. These genes were categorized based on the length of the sex-biased isoforms, with the highest difference in isoform fraction (dIF) associated with the ATSS type, including genes such as BdorABCA13, BdorCAT2, and BdorTSN3. Additionally, transcription factor binding sites for doublesex were identified upstream of both BdorABCA13 and BdorCAT2. Besides being expressed in the antennal tissues, BdorABCA13 and BdorCAT2 are also expressed in the mouthparts, legs, and genitalia of both female and male adults, suggesting their functional diversity. This study reveals alternative splicing events in the antennae of Bactrophora dorsalis from two aspects: odorant receptor genes and other types of genes expressed in the antennae. This study not only provides a research foundation for understanding the regulation of gene function by alternative splicing in the oriental fruit fly but also offers new insights for utilizing olfaction-based behavioral manipulation techniques to manage this pest.

Lethal, Sublethal, and Offspring Effects of Fluralaner and Dinotefuran on Three Species of Bactrocera Fruit Flies.

Fruit flies cause substantial economic damage, and their management relies primarily on chemical insecticides. However, pesticide resistance has been reported in several fruit fly species, the mitigation of which is crucial to enhancing fruit fly control. Here, we assess the toxicity of a novel insecticide (fluralaner) and a common insecticide (dinotefuran) against three fruit fly species, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett), and Bactrocera tau (Walker). Both pesticides exhibit robust lethal and sublethal effects against all three fruit fly species, with fluralaner being more potent. Fluralaner and dinotefuran suppress the reproductive capacities and survival rates of fruit flies. However, at the 50% lethal concentration, fluralaner stimulates the reproductive capacity of B. dorsalis and the survival rate of B. tau. Fluralaner also causes significant transgenerational effects, impacting the offspring hatching rate of B. cucurbitae and B. tau and reducing the proportion of female offspring. Thus, both pesticides exhibit high potential for controlling fruit flies. However, their application should be tailored according to species variations and the diverse effects they may induce. Collectively, the findings of this study outline the sublethal effects of two insecticides against fruit flies, helping to optimize their application to ensure the effective management of insecticide resistance.

Gonadal Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Novel Sex-Related Genes in Bactrocera dorsalis.

Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the most devastating agricultural pests worldwide due to its high reproductive and invasive abilities. The elucidation of its gonadal developmental characteristics and the identification of sex-related genes will provide a useful genetic basis for reproductive-based pest control. Here, the gonadal transcriptome of B. dorsalis was sequenced, and novel gonad-specific expressed genes were analyzed. A total of 1338, 336, 35, and 479 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in the testis (TE), ovary (OV), female accessory gland (FAG), and male accessory gland (MAG), respectively. Furthermore, 463 highly expressed gonad-specific genes were identified, with the TE having the highest number of specific highly expressed genes, at 402, followed by 51 in the OV, 9 in the MAG, and only 1 in the FAG. Strikingly, approximately half of highly expressed gonad-specific genes were uncharacterized. Then, it was found that 35, 17, 3, 2, and 1 of 202 uncharacterized highly expressed TE-specific genes encoded proteins that contained transmembrane domains, signal peptides, high-mobility group boxes, the zinc finger domain, and the BTB/POZ domain, respectively. Interestingly, approximately 40% of uncharacterized highly expressed gonad-specific genes encoding proteins were not predicted to possess functional motifs or domains. Finally, the spatiotemporal expression and sequence characterization of six novel highly expressed gonad-specific genes were analyzed. Altogether, our findings provide a valuable dataset for future functional analyses of sex-related genes and potential target sites for pest control.

Shaping the Microbial Landscape: Parasitoid-Driven Modifications of Bactrocera dorsalis Microbiota

Koinobiont endoparasitoids regulate the physiology of their hosts through altering host immuno-metabolic responses, processes which function in tandem to shape the composition of the microbiota of these hosts. Here, we employed 16S rRNA and ITS amplicon sequencing to investigate whether parasitization by the parasitoid wasps, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmaed) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Psyttalia cosyrae (Wilkinson) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), induces gut dysbiosis and differentially alter the gut microbial (bacteria and fungi) communities of an important horticultural pest, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae). We further investigated the composition of bacterial communities of adult D. longicaudata and P. cosyrae to ascertain whether the adult parasitoids and parasitized host larvae share microbial taxa through transmission. We demonstrated that parasitism by D. longicaudata induced significant gut perturbations, resulting in the colonization and increased relative abundance of pathogenic gut bacteria. Some pathogenic bacteria like Stenotrophomonas and Morganella were detected in both the guts of D. longicaudata-parasitized B. dorsalis larvae and adult D. longicaudata wasps, suggesting a horizontal transfer of microbes from the parasitoid to the host. The bacterial community of P. cosyrae adult wasps was dominated by Arsenophonus nasoniae, whereas that of D. longicaudata adults was dominated by Paucibater spp. and Pseudomonas spp. Parasitization by either parasitoid wasp was associated with an overall reduction in fungal diversity and evenness. These findings indicate that unlike P. cosyrae which is avirulent to B. dorsalis, parasitization by D. longicaudata induces shifts in the gut bacteriome of B. dorsalis larvae to a pathobiont-dominated community. This mechanism possibly enhances its virulence against the pest, further supporting its candidacy as an effective biocontrol agent of this frugivorous tephritid fruit fly pest.

Potential shortfalls of using entomopathogenic fungi for boosting the sterile insect technique to control the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis

Potential shortfalls of using entomopathogenic fungi for boosting the sterile insect technique to control the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis

Population tracing analysis and overwintering of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) in newly occurring areas in China

AbstractBactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), a very destructive insect pest of many fruits and vegetables, is widespread in the tropical and subtropical zones of Asia. However, the northward extension of B. dorsalis has been reported in China recently. It is crucial to determine the origin of new populations and to investigate the invasive potential of the species. Here, we investigated B. dorsalis in Nanyang, Henan Province and Heze, Shandong Province using a combined methodological approach. We first detected the hydrogen stable isotope ratios (δ2H) of B. dorsalis samples. The results showed that the δ2H values for B. dorsalis from Nanyang were consistent with those of the local rainwater. In contrast, the samples from Heze were inconsistent with those of the rainwater in Heze. We then sequenced the complete mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtDNA COI) from the same fruit fly samples for haplotype diversity and phylogenetic analyses. We found a close genetic relationship between the Heze population and Nanyang, Hefei, Sanya, Fuyang and Wuhan populations. Besides, we surveyed the fruit's origin in the wholesale market, and concluded that B. dorsalis trapped in Heze might have come from Hainan and Zhejiang in China. Finally, overwintering potential experiments showed that a small number of pupae could survive during the test periods in Nanyang, whereas no pupae could survive in Heze. Overall, this study reveals that the Nanyang population of B. dorsalis were resident, whereas the Heze population did not colonize and were repeated entries from other areas every spring.

D-Limonene Is the Active Olfactory Attractant in Orange Juice for Bactrocera dorsalis (Insecta: Diptera: Tephritidae).

The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), poses a significant threat to the global fruit industry, causing damage to diverse fruits like citrus, mango, and guava. Chemical pesticides have limited effectiveness, and pesticide residues and pesticide resistance are pressing issues. Therefore, it is essential to develop environmentally friendly pest control methods to address this problem. Behavior-modifying chemicals, including male attractants and intersex protein baits, play a critical role in the control of B. dorsalis. The mature host fruit serves as both an oviposition site and food source under natural conditions, making it a potential attraction source for oriental fruit flies. Orange, Citrus sinensis, is a main host of B. dorsalis, and commercial orange juice is a common attractant for the egg laying of B. dorsalis. Although it can both attract and elicit oviposition behaviors in B. dorsalis adults, its active components are still unclear. This study utilized analytical chemistry, behavioral tests, and electrophysiology to identify the active components of commercial orange juice that attract B. dorsalis, with the aim of providing a reference for the development of behavior-modifying chemical-based techniques to control B. dorsalis. Five compounds with a high abundance were identified via a GC-MS, including D-Limonene, butanoic acid ethyl ester, β-myrcene, linalool, and α-terpineol. Behavioral and electrophysiological experiments uncovered that D-Limonene was the active substance that was the main attractant in the mixture of these five substances, evoking a strong electrophysiological response in adult B. dorsalis. D-Limonene strongly attracts adult B. dorsalis only when they are sexually mature, and the attraction is not rhythmic. Olfaction plays a leading role in the attraction of D-Limonene to adult B. dorsalis, and Orco-/- mediates the perception of D-Limonene by B. dorsalis. Overall, D-Limonene is one of the key attractant compounds for B. dorsalis in the volatile compounds of commercial orange juice, offering possible support for the development of behavior-modifying chemical-based technology to control B. dorsalis in the future.

Toxicity of several insecticides against fruit flies Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and Bactrocera carambolae (Drew and Hancock) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in the laboratory

Bactrocera dorsalis and Bactrocera carambolae are major pests of various commodities that could cause significant losses, if not controlled. Insecticide usage is a common control carried out by farmers. The test was conducted to determine the toxicity level of several types of insecticides on the mortality of two different fruit fly species. The fruit fly population used in the study came from the collection owned by Center for Forecasting Plant Pest Organisms (BBPOPT), Karawang. The research method used was an experimental method with a Randomized Block Design. The test was carried out using the dry film method. The concentration ranges used were 0.02-1 ml/L fipronil insecticide, 0.01-0.6 ml/L ethion insecticide, 0.02-0.6 ml/L deltamethrin insecticide, and 0.02-0.8 ml/L lambda-cyhalothrin insecticide. The control treatment used was acetone alone. Each treatment was replicated thrice. Mortality was observed at 1, 3, 24, and 48 hours after treatment. Cumulative mortality at 48 hours after treatment was analyzed using probit to determine the LC50 and LC95 values ​​at 48 hours. The results showed that the insecticide deltamethrin was the most toxic insecticide to B. carambolae with an LC50 value of 0.025 ml/L and an LC95 of 0.646 ml/L. Ethion was the most toxic insecticide for B. dorsalis with LC50 values ​​of 0.046 ml/L and LC95 of 0.746 ml/L. The LC50 values ​​of all insecticide treatments for two different species were below the recommended concentrations.

CRISPR/Cas9 Ribo nucleoprotein complex‐mediated editing of the OBP13 gene affected the response of male Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) to methyl eugenol

AbstractThe oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis) is an exceptionally hazardous pest that can cause up to 100% loss. Male annihilation using male attractant methyl eugenol (ME) is the most adopted control measure of this insect. The molecular process underlying this perception of insects remains unexplored. In this study, we focus on gene functionality of odorant‐binding protein 13 (OBP13) in ME perception by knockout using CRISPR/Cas9 mediated embryonic editing through microinjection. The electrophysiological study of mutant flies through electroantennogram has shown highly depressed ME perception and further the genetic‐level mutational confirmation stating that OBP13 is a major OBP involved in ME perception. The molecular docking of OBP13 with ME revealed the predicted key interactions involved, thus providing more scope in targeting gene editing and in engineering ME substitutes.

Development of Pests and Diseases Booklet Crystal Guava (Psidium guajava L.) based on Line from Identification Results in Helena Guava Garden, Candi Village, Jatirejo, Karanganyar as A Guide to Crystal Guava Cultivation

A booklet is a combination of a leaflet and a small book so it is practical and can be used as a guide. The aim of the research is to develop a booklet on pests and diseases of crystal guava as well as online-based management methods. Pest and disease booklets need to be developed considering that pests and diseases are the main obstacles to agricultural productivity, disrupting plant physiology and growth so that they can reduce crop yields. Data collection was carried out through observing samples of crystal guava plants, as well as interviews with owners and managers to obtain information about pests and diseases of crystal guava. Data was analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The results of the research found 4 crystal guava pests, namely: codot (Cynopterus spp.), ladybugs (Epilachna admirabilis), fruit flies (Bactrocera dorsalis), and mealybugs (Paracoccus marginatus). The diseases found were the fungus Capnodium citri (sooty dew), algae (Chephaleuros virescens), fungus (Festlotiopsis psidii), and nutrient deficiencies (potassium/magnesium). Crystal guava is cared for by keeping the garden clean, spacing the plants, applying fertilizer, spraying insecticide, installing fruit fly traps, and wrapping the young fruit. The research output is in the form of a booklet, then converted into a video and uploaded to YouTube at the link: https://youtu.be/9bzldxynnl3q. This research still needs to be carried out in two seasons, namely dry and rainy, so that it can produce more types of pests and diseases, so that the online booklet results are more optimal.