Backward Multiplicity Research Articles

Pion and proton production in forward and backward hemisphere in 12C-emulsion interaction at 4.5 GeV/c per nucleon

Abstract The paper presents an in-depth study on the forward and backward multiplicity correlations in case of pions and protons (from the target) based on the experimental data on 12C-emulsion interaction at 4.5 GeV/c per nucleon. The cumulative distribution of their emission angles in the backward hemisphere is presented. The asymmetry parameter (A) and the forward-backward ratio ( F B ) as a function of the number of heavy particles (nh) is also shown. The results reveal many interesting characteristics regarding the backward particle production.

Forward-backward multiplicity distributions in the Pe?ina-McGill scheme and analysis ine + e ? collisions

A forward-backward multiplicity correlation is considered by the use of the Peřina-McGill formula. We obtain analytic formulae for conditional cumulants of the backward multiplicity and a conditional backward multiplicity distribution at a given forward multiplicity. The multiplicity distribution and the conditional mean multiplicity observed at $$\sqrt s = 29$$ in HRS ine + e − collisions are analysed. We predict the conditional moments and the conditional backward multiplicity distribution. Those should be compared with the future analyses in HRS.

Multiplicities of charged hadrons in 280 GeV/c muon-proton scattering

Properties of the hadron multiplicity distributions in 280 GeV/c μ+p interactions have been investigated. The c.m. energy dependence in the range from 4 to 20 GeV of the total charged multiplicities are presented. No variation faster than logarithmic is seen in the energy range of this experiment. Comparison with νp and νp data at lower energy has been made and shows good agreement between μ+p and νp total charged multiplicities. It has been found that the average forward multiplicity (charged hadrons with xF > 0) exceeds the average backward multiplicity (charged hadrons with xF < 0) in the whole energy range and presents a different energy variation. The average forward multiplicity has been compared to e+e− data and shows a similar dependence on energy. Little correlation was observed between the forward and backward multiplicities indicating that the current and target regions fragment almost independently.

Forward and Backward Multiplicity Distributions and a Generalization of KNO Scaling

Forward and Backward Multiplicity Distributions and a Generalization of KNO Scaling

Binomial distribution for the charge asymmetry parameter

It is suggested that for high energy collisions the distribution with respect to the charge asymmetry z = n F − n B is binomial, where n Fand n B are the forward and backward charge multiplicities.

Forward and backward multiplicities in deep inelastic processes

We calculate the forward and backward multiplicities in deep inelastic processes. We obtain the asymptotic values for these multiplicities and discuss an ambiguity of their interpretation in terms of quark-gluon jets in QCD.

Multiplicities of secondary hadrons produced in vp and [formula omitted] charged current interactions

In an experiment with the hydrogen bubble chamber BEBC at CERN multiplicities of hadrons produced in νp and v p interactions have been investigated. Results are presented on the multiplicities of charged hadrons and neutral pions, forward and backward multiplicities of charged hadrons and correlations between forward and backward multiplicities. Comparisons are made with hadronic reactions and e +e − annihilation. In the framework of the quark-parton model the data imply similar charged multiplicities for the fragments of a u- and a d-quark, and a larger multiplicities for the fragments of a uu- than for a ud-diquark. The correlation data suggest independent fragmentation of the quark and diquark for hadronic masses above ∼ 7 GeV and local charge compensation within an event.

Measurement of forward and backward mean charged-particle multiplicities in high-energy (pp) soft interactions and comparison with high-energy neutrino and antineutrino deep inelastic scattering

The difference between forward and backward mean charged-particle multiplicities is shown to exist also in (pp) interactions, when these are analysed in analogy with the deep inelastic scattering method. The measurements reported here show that this difference, which has been observed for a long time in (vp) and (vp) deep inelastic scattering experiments, is explained in terms of the omitted correction for the leading effect in the backward hemisphere.

Forward and backward multiplicities inK − p interactions at 110 GeV/c

Multiplicity distributions and correlations between charged particles in the forward and back-ward c.m. hemispheres are studied inK −p interactions at 110 GeV/c and compared with other data on mesonnucleon scattering. The interpretation in terms of a simple quark-parton picture assuming that the forward multiplicity is dominated by quark fragmentation and the backward multiplicity by diquark fragmentation is supported by the experimental fact that the forward and the backward mean multiplicities are approximately equal to half of thee + e − andpp multiplicities, respectively. The 110 GeV/cK −p data show significant correlations between the numbers of slow forward and slow backward particles, whereas the multiplicities of fast forward and fast backward particles are independent.

Forward and backward multiplicities in high-energy proton-nucleus and proton-nucleon collisions

Multiplicities of charged particles produced in the forward and backward hemispheres are investigated for proton-nucleus and proton-nucleon collisions in the range from 20 to 400 GeV/c. Weak, but growing with incident beam momentum, forward-backward multiplicity correlations are observed which cannot be reduced to the inelastic diffraction. These correlations are more pronounced in proton-nucleus than proton-nucleon interactions.

Forward-backward correlations and the multiplicity distribution in high-energy collisions

Simple expressions are derived which relate correlations between (a) the leading particles and (b) the forward and backward multiplicities (in the c.m.s.) to the overall multiplicity distribution. These correlations are positive and should be present at asymptotic energies. Their magnitude is estimated.

Charged-Particle Multiplicity inπ−-Nucleus Interactions at 100 and 175 GeV/c

The space-time evolution of particle production at high energies was investigated by measuring the charged multiplicity in ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$-nucleus collisions at 100 and 175 GeV/c. We find that (a) the forward multiplicity (in the $\ensuremath{\pi}p$ center-of-mass system) is independent of the target nucleus; (b) the backward multiplicity is approximately proportional to the nuclear thickness; and (c) the data are consistent with the assumption that the absorption cross section of the incident particle characterizes the multiplication process.