Backward Chaining Method Research Articles

Perancangan Sistem Pakar Untuk Diagnosa Tanaman Pinang Yang Diserang Penyakit Dengan Metode Forward Dan Backward Chaining di Kabupaten Pidie

The design of an expert system for diagnosing areca nut plants attacked by disease with forward and backward chaining methods in Pidie Regency is a search process starting from the aim of obtaining conclusions that are solutions to the root of the problem. Data needs in the form of symptoms, pests are associated with so as to produce a result report. This application is developed with PHP programming language and MySQL database. This system works in order to present plant diagnostic information.

Women's Experiences of Intimate and Sexual Relationships During Menopause: A Qualitative Synthesis.

The aim of this literature review was to explore women's experiences of their intimate and sexual relationships during menopause. Evidence shows that the menopause transition can be a difficult time for women due to symptoms of menopause. There is little research evidence about how menopause-related symptoms impact women's intimate and sexual relationships. A qualitative synthesis was carried out on research published between May 2005 and July 2023 using five electronic databases: ASSIA, CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO and Web of Science. We also searched Google Scholar and used backward and forward chaining methods to identify results not listed in the databases and ensure that no relevant literature was omitted. Eighteen qualitative studies were included in this review. Six main themes were identified: the meaning of menopause to women in different cultures; factors affecting women's sexual lives; changes in sexual desire and orgasm; talking about sexual issues; women's attempts to overcome the impact of ageing and menopause on their sexual lives; and concerns about partner sexual satisfaction during the menopause. During the menopause transition, women can experience sexual difficulties that have an impact on their lives and intimate relationships. Qualitative studies showed that sexual changes associated with menopause can be difficult to manage and must be viewed in the social and cultural contexts of the women's lives. The results of this review will be of interest to nurses to assess patient needs while offering health services to women in menopause. In addition, the results can be used to inform education and support programmes for women. We have adhered to relevant EQUATOR guidelines and used the PRISMA-ScR reporting method. No patient or public contribution was required for this study.

Designing an Expert System for Evaluating Student Stress Levels: A Novel Instrument Using Backward and Forward Chaining Methods

Academic stress is a problem that students often experience, especially when completing final studies such as writing a thesis. This research aims to develop an instrument for measuring students' academic stress levels based on an expert system using forward chaining and backward chaining methods. The research method used is research and development (RD) with a Borg and Gall design which includes 10 steps. These steps include: (1) Research and information collecting, (2) Planning, (3) Developing a preliminary form of the product, (4) Preliminary field testing, (5) Main product revision, (6) Main field testing, (7) Operational product revision, (8) Operational field testing, (9) Final product revision, and (10) Dissemination and implementation. By following these steps, the research ensures a systematic and thorough development process, leading to a reliable instrument for measuring academic stress. The data collection instrument was the Guttman model academic stress scale (SSA) with 48 valid and reliable items (rxy = 0.785). Data was obtained from 319 IAIN Batusangkar student respondents which were processed descriptively. The results showed that 34.8% of respondents experienced high levels of academic stress, 32.6% moderate, and 32.6% low. Furthermore, this research develops a web-based expert system application to detect students' academic stress levels by using forward chaining, which starts from data to reach a conclusion, and backward chaining, which starts from a goal to verify it with available data. These methods ensure accurate stress level assessments. Through this technological approach, the research provides a comprehensive solution for managing and reducing student academic stress effectively and efficiently, with findings showing that the expert system significantly improves early detection and personalized stress management strategies for students.

Implementasi Metode Backward Chaining untuk Mendiagnosa Penyakit pada Bayi Pasca Kelahiran

The critical period for the growth and development of infants can be referred to as a critical period. It is said that this critical period in infancy will be very detrimental to the environment around it and it is said that the future due to infancy is very short and cannot be repeated. Newborns are more susceptible to various diseases. Diseases in infants can be identified based on the symptoms that arise. This is caused by several factors including the lack of information about diseases in infants after birth that is known to the general public. Therefore, research is needed on diseases and symptoms that affect babies after birth. One alternative in order to find out the disease in the baby after birth can use an expert system. In building the system, the author uses the Backward Chaining method, uses the Waterfall system development method (SDLC) and the Object Oriented Approach (OOA). The result of this research is a web-based application that can later be accessed or used to make it easier for the public, especially parents of babies, to diagnose symptoms or diseases in babies after birth as early as possible.

Implementasi Metode Backward Chaining Dalam Mendiagnosis Penyakit Periodontitis Terhadap Perokok Aktif Berbasis Android

Periodontitis is a serious dental and oral health problem, especially for individuals who are involved in smoking habits. This study discusses the implementation of the backward chaining method in diagnosing periodontitis in active smokers using the Android platform. The backward chaining method is used as an approach in expert systems to analyze symptoms and risk factors associated with periodontitis. The system implemented on the Android platform allows users to access it easily via mobile devices. The results of this study are expected to help active smokers receive early information about the possibility of periodontitis and encourage them to seek further treatment from medical professionals. With this application, it is hoped that awareness about dental and oral health and the impact of smoking on periodontitis can increase among active smokers

Sistem Pakar Metode Backward Chaining untuk Optimalisasi Pelayanan Pemberian Informasi Obat

Drug information service is an assistance service to handle the needs of pharmacists related to medicines consumed by patients at the Lasi Health Center, Agam Regency. Nowadays, most of drug information services always require pharmacists to carry out their services, although there is limited number of pharmacists for providing drug information services at the Lasi Health Center, Agam Regency. This study aims to optimize drug information services so that the services can be carried out without the direct presence of a pharmacist. The data used in this study were drug prescription data available at the Pharmacy of Lasi Health Center Agam for the last 12 months and drug information services provided by pharmacists at the Lasi Health Center Agam Regency. This study used the backward chaining method to identify the drugs prescribed to the patients. The result achieved by this study were 356 Rules that could be applied directly to drug information services, with an accuracy rate of 100%. The rules generated using the backward chaining method can be used to optimize drug information services at the Lasi Health Center in Agam Regency without having to be served directly by pharmacists.

Mamdani Fuzzy Expert System for Online Learning to Diagnose Infectious Diseases

E-learning and expert systems can be implemented for learning in the health sector. Through the e-learning system, prospective health workers can analyze problems by exploring the material in the system. However, material learning alone is less effective, so case study-based learning using an expert system is needed to strengthen understanding. The research applies an expert system to online learning to diagnose several infectious diseases. The disease diagnosis process uses the backward chaining method and the Mamdani fuzzy inference system. The fuzzy Mamdani inference system determines the intensity of disease severity so that appropriate treatment recommendations can be made. The test findings on 15 test datasets yielded a backward chaining accuracy value of 100%. Three test scenarios were used to establish the test using the Mamdani fuzzy inference method. Scenario 1: Testing with the Center of Gravity defuzzification and Fuzzy Mamdani Min inference system Tests employing the Fuzzy Mamdani Min inference method and center average defuzzification are used in Scenario 2. Scenario 3 involves testing using the Fuzzy Mamdani Product Inference System with Center Average Defuzzification. The average outcome for the intensity of disease severity utilizing the Fuzzy Mamdani Min inference system with Center of Gravity defuzzification was greater than that of the two test scenarios that were suggested, which was 49.43%.

SISTEM PAKAR DETEKSI KERUSAKAN JARINGAN LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN) MENGGUNAKAN METODE BECKWARD CHAINING BERBASIS WEB

The form of computer network connection can be via cable or wireless such as fiber optic, microwave, wireless, or satellite. One type of computer network that is often used to connect personal computers and workstations in an office or an organization, company or factory for the use of shared resources is a local area network. The purpose of this research is to analyze, design and create an application that can detect damage to Local Area Network (LAN) networks. The research method used is backward chaining. The results of this study are applications that can detect damage to local area networks using the web-based backward chaining method. With this expert system application, it can speed up and make it easier to detect damage to Local Area Network networks.

SISTEM PAKAR KERUSAKAN LAPTOP MENGGUNAKAN METODE BACKWARD CHAINING BERBASIS WEB

Laptop is one type of computer that is in great demand by the public at this time, especially for activities such as processing sales data and also purchasing and others can be done using a laptop. In using a laptop, there are several problems that are often faced at this time, namely the damage that occurs to the laptop and how to solve the problem of dealing with the damage to the laptop. Therefore, a web-based laptop damage expert system was created that serves as a substitute for experts for consulting media. In its manufacture, the system uses the backward chaining method for laptop damage data. The results of this study can detect laptop damage more quickly and precisely in helping users. With this system, it is hoped that it can help laptop users in overcoming the problem of laptop damage.

ANALISIS EXPERT SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS PENYAKIT OBESITAS PADA ORANG DEWASA MENGGUNAKAN BACKWARD CHAINING METHOD

The purpose of this study is to build an expert system for diagnosing obesity in adults using the PHP programming language and MySQL database, the backward chaining method is suitable to be applied to the diagnosis of an expert system for diagnosing obesity in adults using PHP and MySQL so that it can be accessed online by users and implementation the backward chaining method on an expert system can help diagnose obesity in adults and provide solutions quickly and accurately. The research method used is qualitative using the backward chaining method. It is hoped that the result of this study is that an expert system for diagnosing obesity in adults with the Backward Chaining method can provide information about the symptoms and solutions of the disease and can be used at any time and does not require a long time to diagnose. This system can help doctors work and make it easier for the public to diagnose obesity in adults and their prevention efforts.

Design of Teaching Factory Practice Tools Concept, Perspective: Operation System on Solar Power Plant

Large-scale of solar power plants will continue to grow, especially in the tropical area. The increasing number of solar power plants required workers who have competence in operating these solar power plants. In order to prepare workers who have the ability to operate the solar power plants, prospective workers can be trained during the study period or in special training.
 The purpose of this research was to conceptualized the design of teaching factory practice tools concept by focused on the operating system of a solar power plant. The method used in this research, started with a literature study in order to obtained the information about the system requirements to be design. Then continued with the observation and interviews consecutively. In this study, the observation was made on the "XYZ" solar power plant with a capacity of 21MWp and interviewed to obtained information about the equipment and competencies was needed. Then the concept of a practical tools that meet the required competencies was designed using the Backward Chaining method. The results obtained was a concept design of the practical tools that can describe the operating conditions of a large-scale solar power plant based on Teaching Factory learning method.

Expert System Mengatasi Anxiety Disorder Pada Mahasiswa Dalam Menghadapi Tugas Akhir Metode Backward Chaining

Anxiety Disorder is a psychological disorder that can be experienced characterized by the emergence of various symptoms which cause the sufferer to experience anxiety that is so great and excessive that it is very possible to affect the sufferer psychologically or physically. The obstacles that are most often experienced by final year students in completing their final assignments are the emergence of excessive feelings of anxiety, feeling restless, easily tired, difficult to concentrate, empty thoughts. irritability, muscle tension, difficulty sleeping, cold fingers, faster heart rate, cold sweats, headache, decreased appetite, sleeplessness and chest tightness which is often referred to as Anxiety Disorder. The relevance of computerization and technology in expert systems in diagnosing anxiety disorders in final year students is needed to help students find solutions to their problems. Therefore we need a method that can assist the analysis of the expert system design that will be made in this study, namely the Backward chaining method. Backward Chaining is an inference method that works backwards towards the initial conditions. The process starts from the Goal (which is in the THEN section and the IF-THEN rule), then the search starts to run to match whether the facts match the premises in the IF section. This technological advancement can help transfer human understanding into a system form so that it can be used by many people and is not limited by time without replacing the role of humans.

Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Penyakit Udang Vannamei Menggunakan Metode Forward Chaining Berbasis Web (Studi Kasus : Petambak Udang Dirawajitu)

One of the causes of failure in pond shrimp farming is disease. The most dangerous disease attacks and causing losses to farmers are due to viral attacks of Myo/Infectious Myo Necrosis Virus (IMNV) of Shrimp, White Spot Syndrome (WSS) of Shrimp, Early Mortality Syndrome (EMS), and Yellow Head Disease. / Yellow Head Disease. The purpose of the research is to build an expert system application that can diagnose pond shrimp disease using the backward chaining method so as to help the community in Rawajitu sub-district in aquaculture shrimp., the system design method used is Unified Modeling Language (UML), the system development method used is Waterfall, and system built using Adobe Dreamweaver 8 tools and MySQL database. The results of this study are the application of an expert system that can diagnose pond shrimp disease using the backward chaining method. The system created later is expected to provide services to shrimp farmers in obtaining information on shrimp disease and accurate disease management solutions.

Pengenalan dan Pelatihan Tentang Ilmu Mawaris

In general, Muslims regarding the distribution of inheritance and calculation procedures lack understanding and the difficulty of also getting experts in the field of inheritance distribution according to Islamic law (faraidh), this is an issue for the Muslim community, especially for heirs who want to divide inheritance according to law Islam. The author uses backward chaining methods in designing expert systems. The result of this research is the design of an expert system for dividing inheritance that can be used by the general public to help Islam solve the problem of calculation & inheritance.

Expert System for Early Detection and Diagnosis of Central Nervous Diseases in Humans with Forward Chaining and Backward Chaining Methods Using Interactive Multimedia

The tasks of the nervous system contained in the human body include diagnosing, analyzing and conveying information. This information that has been obtained will be combined with the sensory system, and will then be integrated in the brain and signals, then transmitted again to the motor system and autonomic pathways to control movement, visceral activity, and endocrine function. All actions are controlled by nerves which are interconnected to form a signaling network consisting of the sensory system and the motor system. The nervous system has several functions, including immunity and supporting function and modulating the activity of the nervous system. There are many types of neurological diseases found in the medical world, but due to a lack of information and knowledge about the disease. So the researchers made this study using forward and backward chaining reasoning methods, along with neurological disease therapy, ways of healing, and methods of treatment. This system is made so that sufferers can easily understand about neurological diseases, and understand the types of central nervous diseases, along with their healing therapies, and how to treat them. This system provides several solutions to prevent neurological diseases according to the type of disease. The system development methodology uses the waterfall method. Application software used to create this application program is Dreamweaver MX, Adobe Flash CS3, XAMPP, Adobe Photoshop, MySQL, Opera, Mozilla Firefox. The result of this research is an application program that can help users to find out the types of central nervous disease and provide extensive information about central nervous disease and find out how to treat and cure them.

IDENTIFIKASI PENERIMAAN BEASISWA DIPA MENGGUNAKAN METODE BACKWARD CHAINING

Scholarships are generally a provision of fees for education for students who are still actively attending lectures at a tertiary institution. With the scholarship so that it can help students to finance their needs during college. With the backward chaining method can facilitate the campus bureaucrats in determining students who are entitled to receive scholarships. Backward Chainning is a model in reverse of hypotheses, a potential or conclusion that must be proven by facts that support the hypothesis. The backward chaining model in receiving scholarships takes some data from existing variable criteria such as active lecture certificates, student cumulative achievement indexes, attaching TOEFL certificate, identity card, and curriculum vitae. Next make a decision tree from the data variables that exist and finally is implemented. The results of this study have an accuracy of 95%, which can be recommended to get the scholarship and this method can facilitate the determination of scholarship acceptance. The backward chaining method is very effective and accurate in determining DIPA scholarship recipients with an accuracy rate of 95%, making it easier for the North Sumatra state Islamic university community to select students who are eligible to receive.

Sistem Pakar Mendiagnosa Penyakit Bawang Merah Dengan Metode Depthfirst Search Backward Chaining

There were 12 disease data obtained from the agriculture and horticulture department of Deli Serdang, namely earthworms, thrips pests, leaf caterpillars, armyworms, aphids, root namhodes, purple spots, powdery mildew, stem neck rot, anthracnose, fusarium wilt, rot. poor, dead shoots (phytopthora porri foister) and there are 30 Symptoms of disease in onion plants An expert system is a computer program that provides expert advice (decisions, recommendations or problem solving) as if people had been consulted. The backward chaining method is the opposite of forward chaining which starts with a hypothesis (an object) and asks for information to convince or ignore. Backward chaining inference engines are often called Object-Driven/Goal-Driven. In this study, a web-based expert system was designed using the backward chaining method which aims to detect the type of disease in shallot plants by paying attention to the symptoms experienced in shallot plants. By using the backward chaining method, the value of disease certainty in shallot plants will be obtained from the expert system designed. The test results concluded that the design of an expert system for diagnosing diseases in shallots using the backward chaining method was as expected.

Knowledge Base Design for Diagnosis Pregnancy Problems

In Indonesia, the death rate of pregnant women was still very high. Lack of knowledge about the perceived symptoms during pregnancy make pregnant women regardless of the specific symptoms that can be harmful and disease records indicate the causes of indirect maternal death in pregnant. Moreover, the risk of pregnant mother mortality is also higher due to the delay in taking the decision factors for referenced. Based on the fact, the proposed solution in the form of expert system diagnosis of diseases of pregnant women using the method of Backward Chaining that can help recognize diseases during pregnancy to take place based on the perceived symptoms of pregnant women as well as references that should be targeted by the patient. The methods of the Backward Chaining have a performance system that is capable of running the functional needs and high accuracy percentage results. With the existence of a system of experts on pregnancy problems that use the Backward Chaining method can describe the level of confidence of an expert on the problem at hand. Based on the test results, obtained results 100% functionality of disease diagnosis expert system of pregnant women worked in accordance with a list of system requirements and the system.

Sistem Pakar Dalam Mengidentifikasi Kenaikan Pangkat Pegawai Negeri Sipil Menggunakan Metode Backward Chaining

Promotion can be interpreted as an element in enforcing the career of Civil Servants (PNS). The promotion to the rank of Civil Servants (PNS) is in the form of an award for work achievements that have been achieved and service to the country after fulfilling certain conditions. At this time there are still many Civil Servants (PNS) who do not understand employee governance such as this promotion and there are still many who do not know what are the completeness of promotions and do not know whether a Civil Servant (PNS) can be promoted. or not. This study aims to make Civil Servants (PNS) know whether it is proven or not to be able to be promoted based on certain conditions that must be met for promotion. The data processed in this study were directly directed by experts. The data is sourced from the staffing of the Regional Office of the Ministry of Religion of West Sumatra Province. The promotion data is processed and developed using an expert system built using PHP programming and MySQL database. In the Expert System in identifying promotions for Civil Servants using the Backward Chaining method, the appropriate and suitable results between expert data and tracking results are very good, so that promotions can be identified properly. It is hoped that the application that has been built in this research can be useful for Civil Servants (PNS) in identifying promotions, and to provide information about promotions.

Expert System for Hydroponic Vegetable Cultivation Using Forward and Backward Chaining Inference Technique

Hydroponics systems require tremendous attention both in nutrition, plant growth, the risk of pest and disease attacks. Thus, this hydroponic farming system requires high experience and expertise that is the main obstacle for business actors who want to start a vegetable cultivation business with a hydroponic system, especially for business actors who do not have a background in agriculture. The hydroponic cultivation expert system in this study aims to detect plant diseases and pests and provide solutions to these diseases. In addition, this expert system application also aims to monitor plant needs, so this application can help farmers grow up hydroponic vegetable cultivation businesses. The combination of the forward and backward chaining methods is applied to detect plant diseases and pests. Whereas the forward chaining method use to monitor plant needs. The combination of the forward and backward chaining methods in identifying plant diseases and pests can make it easier for users to determine the suffered by plants and provide information about these diseases. The application of the forward chaining method in monitoring plant needs can identify the level of fulfilment of entails of each component of plant needs according to the type of plant and the day after planting. The application of this hydroponic expert system can overcome the limited number of hydroponic experts in helping farmers identify plant diseases and pests and monitor plant needs.