Backup Method Research Articles

Quality improvement in mechanical micro-drilling of titanium alloy under dry conditions

Titanium alloy (Cp-Ti) grade-II is considered a hard-to-cut material due to low thermal conductivity, work hardening behaviour, and affinity with cutting tool materials. In this study, micro-holes are machined on titanium alloy (Cp-Ti) grade-II under dry conditions. Experiments are carried out by varying the machining parameters like cutting speed (5 m/min, 6.9 m/min, and 8.8 m/min), feed (5 µm/rev, 7.5 µm/rev, and 10 µm/rev), and drill diameter (Ø0.2 mm, Ø0.3 mm and Ø0.4 mm) at three levels based on full factorial design. The machined holes are characterised by responses like exit burr height, taper angle, and circularity, regression-based models are developed using response surface methodology. The optimal levels of machining parameters for multiple responses are ascertained. In the later part of the study, two methods providing a backup of aluminium and copper foil on the top and bottom surface of workpieces are experimentally evaluated. The copper foil backup method significantly reduced exit burr height and taper angle while improving circularity slightly. Whereas aluminium foil only reduced exit burr height. Finally, the effectiveness of backup methods is also analysed using recorded thrust force signals.

Clinical Management of Bile Duct Diseases: Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound in a Personalized Approach

Biliary diseases are common, but clinical symptoms are often unspecific and direct access and visualization of the biliopancreatic system for diagnostic purpose is difficult. In the last decades endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has become a primary method in the gastrointestinal tract. It significantly changed the role of endoscopy in diagnostic imaging in the gastrointestinal tract and adjacent organs. EUS has become an effective diagnostic tool in biliary stone disease as well as in the diagnosis of indeterminate biliary strictures. Furthermore, an EUS-directed transmural approach emerged as a safe and effective alternative to ERCP in patients requiring biliary drainage, in particular as a backup method if standard ERCP-approach fails. Development of new techniques, specific accessories and stents during the last decade led to an enormous step forward in terms of efficacy and safety of an EUS-directed approach. In the current article technical and clinical aspects of EUS-guided diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in different clinical indications will be discussed together with a review of the available data.

Reliability-Oriented and Resource-Efficient Service Function Chain Construction and Backup

In the network function virtualization (NFV) environment, network services are usually provided in the form of service function chains (SFCs), which defines the link order of virtual network functions required in service requests and are mapped to the physical network. Although NFV facilitates the flexible provision of network services, service interruptions may occur as a result of software and hardware failures. Current solutions mostly use the backup method to ensure the reliability of SFCs. However, these methods ignore the SFC construction phase that has an impact on reliability. Besides, the resource efficiency still requires improvement. To address these issues, reliability-oriented SFC construction and backup problems are investigated in this work. First, an instance-sharing and reliable construction algorithm (ISRCA) is proposed to aggregate multiple SFCs into a service function graph (SFG), and perform reliability screening for the SFG set. After mapping the SFG to the physical network, a node-ranking algorithm with centrality and reliability (NRCR) is proposed for backup node selection and backup instance deployment to improve the reliability of SFCs that have not met the requirements. Experimental results demonstrate that under the premise of ensuring reliability, the proposed backup method can reduce the consumption of bandwidth resources by about 11.7%, when combined with the proposed construction method, it can further reduce the backup resources by 13.9%.

Telepsychiatry during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Telepsychiatry during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Repair of damage to the skin flap during total auricular reconstruction with tissue expansion

IntroductionAuricular reconstruction with tissue expansion has been widely used in children with microtia. Base on the experience of using tissue expander, more patients have undergone a modified auricular reconstruction using a framework wrapped by expanded skin flap without fascial and skin graft transplantation. Skin damage is a common complication that may lead to serious outcomes, such as infection and distortion. Promptly repair is particularly important when using this modified technique. This work aims to record the site and other information on damage to the expanded skin flap, and to apply various salvage methods according to the site and stage. MethodsFrom January 2017 to September 2019, 170 patients who underwent total auricular reconstruction without fascial and skin graft were followed up. All patients who had skin damage received corresponding prompt treatment. Details on the site, occurrence time, and salvage methods were noted. ResultsA total of 19 patients were found to have skin damage during the follow-up period. The defect size ranged from 10 mm2 to 70 mm2. Four patients had skin damage in the lower part of the skin flap combined with expander exposure. The second stage of auricular reconstruction was carried out immediately. Two patients had skin flap damage in anterior 1/3rd of the helix, seven in middle 1/3rd of the helix, four in posterior 1/3rd of the helix and two in the triangular fossa. Most of the skin damage occurred within 4–9 months after auricular reconstruction. According to the site and other factors, the expanded skin flap with the exposed cartilage was repaired using local skin flap, retroauricular skin flap, and retroauricular fascia. Patients were satisfied with the outcome of the repair. Additional skin damage and other complications were not observed after the repair operations. ConclusionSkin damage is a common complication, and it should receive more attention while applying this modified auricular reconstruction using tissue expansion. The site, occurrence time, and other information provide reference to improve the reconstruction without fascial or skin graft transplantation. Salvage methods, such as retroauricular skin flap and retroauricular fascia, have been treated as highly efficient backup methods and have achieved satisfying results.

A lightweight online backup manager for energy harvesting powered nonvolatile processor systems

Abstract With the explosive growth of battery-free and energy-harvesting devices, the energy harvesting powered system has gained more attentions and been widely used in different fields. However, unstable harvested energy is a challenge of energy-harvesting devices since the program execution would be interrupted frequently. Non-volatile processor (NVP) is proposed to back up volatile logics before energy depletion and recover the system status after energy resumption. This paper takes the challenge of forward progress improvement issue in NVP system and proposes a lightweight online backup strategy which tries to aggressively use energy in capacitor after receiving energy warnings. We also build a flexible and accurate simulation tool for NVP system evaluation. The experimental results show an average of 24.2% and 13.7% improved forward progress compared with instant backup method and the most related work, respectively.

Contraception Use and Attitudes Among Women Seeking Pregnancy Termination: Descriptive Cross-Sectional Survey.

Unintended pregnancy has been linked to poor health and social outcomes for both mother and child. Efforts to reduce unintended pregnancies have been challenged by many financial, social, religious, and cultural factors. This study aimed to investigate how contraception use and misuse in a cohort of females seeking termination of pregnancy contribute to unintended pregnancies. We conducted a cross-sectional study with women presenting to a women's health clinic for pregnancy termination from April to December 2017. Consenting participants completed a self-administered, confidential questionnaire that included questions on demographic, ethnic, and social characteristics, as well as behaviours and attitudes related to contraception. Data analysis used descriptive statistics. Data were collected from 334 women; about half (45%) had used contraception at the time of conception, representing a variety of different methods. Contraceptive use was associated with higher education, stable relationship status, and ethnic majority status but not with previous pregnancies or immigration status. Among contraceptive users, imperfect and inconsistent use of contraception (50% and 31%, respectively), and method failure (48%), including condom breakage, were cited as reasons for the current pregnancy. Non-users reported perceived low risk of pregnancy (55%), concerns about contraception (47%), and problems accessing contraception (27%). While the majority of participants were aware of emergency contraception, only 52% reported ever using it. Most participants (89%) planned to use contraception in the future. Our study highlights contraceptive behaviours and patterns of individuals seeking abortion. Patient-centered contraceptive counselling in order to facilitate contraceptive choice and access can include information about the most effective contraceptives and the need for back-up contraception methods.

STUDY OF METHODS FOR ENSURING INFORMATION INTEGRITY IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS WITH OPTICAL COMMUNICATION CHANNELS

The relevance of the work lies in the fact that the number of information systems with optical communication channels is increasing. However, for such systems, the optimal method for ensuring the integrity of information has not been identified. The purpose of the work is to identify the best method for ensuring the integrity of information in information systems with optical communication channels. This article discusses methods for ensuring the integrity of information at the stages of storage and transmission of information. The main method for ensuring the integrity of information at the storage stage is the data backup method. Parallel information transfer is the main method at the stage of information transfer. As a result of the study, the following conclusion was made: to ensure maximum security of information integrity, it is necessary to apply an integrated approach and use immediately both data backup and protection methods at the stage of information transfer.

Disaster recovery planning with distributed replicated block device in synchronized API systems

System backup can’t be a good solution without planning. Secure data backup planning will prevent more data loss. The Comprehensive Exam is a system to conduct a comprehensive exam and test score management, which is also carried out with the Computer-Based Test. The two systems are connected, these are running with a data-based application programming interface (API) synchronization on two different servers. Two servers running simultaneously with the synchronized API. Special methods of solving this problem are needed to back up supported information systems and computer-based tests. Disaster Recovery is a term for recovery and resumption. A disaster recovery plan is a plan to improve information technology (IT) infrastructure from other disasters that endanger the information infrastructure. One method of recovering business processes is to restore the data backup itself. Data backup is one of the important elements, the data backup method will be applied is the disk mirroring method, which is making a permanent backup from the main data center, data backup will be provided a real-time backup using the Distributed Replicated Block Device (DRBD) concept. In our research concluded automatically synchronizes implementation backup data using the DRBD concept.

Improved storage area network method for backup approach

<span>Storage Area Network (SAN) could be a dedicated storage network which carries the info between servers and storage devices. SAN offers flexibility to implement and share data between servers and remote devices instead of the traditional method that reduced the performance of service. This paper improves SAN backup method to increase the CPU utilization and reduce the load on the link; the result shows that the improved method is better than of traditional in terms of response time in FTP about 36% while the traffic data is about 3%.</span>

Antimicrobial forcing solution improves recovery of cryopreserved temperate fruit tree dormant buds

Dormant bud cryogenic preservation is a cost- and labor-efficient method of genetic resource backup compared to in vitro derived meristem shoots cryopreservation. While protocols have been developed for cryopreserving apple dormant buds, effective and reproducible protocols are yet to be developed for several temperate fruit and nut species. Dormant bud cryopreservation typically requires material to be grafted to evaluate viability and recover a plant. Forced bud development has been used on a very limited scale for cryostored dormant budwood recovery, however, it provides a labor-efficient alternative viability assessment. To increase the utility of this approach, regrowth must be optimized to allow complete plant recovery. We hypothesized that bacterial attacks are limiting regrowth, thus, an antimicrobial forcing solution can maximize regrowth potential. This study examined the effects of an antimicrobial forcing solution (8-hydroxyquinoline citrate and sucrose, 8-HQC) on the cryosurvival and recovery of dormant buds of fruit (Malus x domestica, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus avium, Prunus persica, Pyrus communis), and nut species (Juglans regia, Juglans nigra, Juglans microcarpa). Recovery and shoot development were significantly improved for all the fruit and one nut species (J. microcarpa) treated with the 8-HQC, compared to standard recovery under high humidity alone (P < 0.001). Additionally, this post cryo recovery approach led to successful in vitro shoot tip establishment across all surviving fruit species. 8-HQC embedded forced bud development method increased viability and efficiency for existing cryostored material and can be used as a benchmark to develop protocols for different crops that could potentially lead to complete plant recovery.

Исследование способов повышения безотказности пассивно резервированных подсистем управления летательными аппаратами с учетом допусков

The paper studies the reliability of passively redundant subsystems of aircraft, taking into account tolerances for a decrease in their output parameters in case of sudden component failures. The influence of the reliability values of elements, tolerances of two levels and the redundancy ratio &#x0D; on the reliability of passively redundant subsystems as a whole have been investigated; the examples of such subsystems have been given. There have been presented the results of analysis &#x0D; of the aircraft subsystems features with allowance for tolerances. First of all, these include the availability of technical specifications and realized tolerances determined by the reservation structure; implementing each tolerance with different values of the multiplicities of redundancy; using the main tolerance grid by multiple backup methods; presence of critical probabilities narrowing the reliability range of the elements, where this type of reservation is beneficial from the range &#x0D; 0–1 to the range of the supercritical area (pkr–1). The influence of the element reliability values, tolerances of two levels and the redundancy ratio on the failure-free operation of passively redundant subsystems in general and in supercritical areas has been investigated. It is shown that the minimum redundancy multiplicities in the interests of increasing the reliability of the considered subsystems of aircraft are advantageous to use only with large tolerances and low probabilities of failure-free operation of their elements. Under close tolerances and any reliability values of elements, as well as with large tolerances (more than 25%), high reliability values of this class of aircraft subsystems can be achieved only with large redundancy multiplicities. It has been inferred that there are extreme reliability differences of a passively redundant subsystem and its element, which &#x0D; allows to set the task of developing highly reliable passively redundant subsystems of aircraft taking into account tolerances from relatively unreliable elements.

Розроблення домашньої системи безпеки на основі технологій інтернету речей

This article proposes a cost effective IoT smart home security platform that delivers data in the cloud for applications. The smart security system includes a network for sensing home monitoring devices via wireless ISM communication, a home security system control controller with an Internet connection using a Wifi connection, and a backup method of notifying the user is implemented by SMS message via GSM cellular network, cloud server and applications for mobile phones on the Android operating system. The developed application combines the application of a cloud server, client sensors and a database. It also clarified the hardware and software implementation of the IoT-based home security system and their relative functions.

A Well Organized Model in Cloud Computing Platform for Data Accessing

Cloud Computing is a trending technology. The main benefit is user will pay only for the resources which have been utilized in the cloud services. Data which are stored in cloud can be accessed by the people from anywhere in the world using internet connection. Because of difficulties in data access and lack of security, in the current database system people are moving to Cloud Service Provider (CSP). Network backup and recovery method are used in CSP so there is no data loss in case of hardware failure. In this paper, we planned an efficient model in cloud computing for data accessing which will reduce the search time of providing the public key of the data owner. Not only data storage and security, data access also plays an important role to consume less time. So, in this proposed system we are going to increase the time efficiency for the data accessing.

Intraoperative Use of Functional MRI for Surgical Decision Making after Limited or Infeasible Electrocortical Stimulation Mapping.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is becoming widely recognized as a key component of preoperative neurosurgical planning, although intraoperative electrocortical stimulation (ECS) is considered the gold standard surgical brain mapping method. However, acquiring and interpreting ECS results can sometimes be challenging. This retrospective study assesses whether intraoperative availability of fMRI impacted surgical decision-making when ECS was problematic or unobtainable. Records were reviewed for 191 patients who underwent presurgical fMRI with fMRI loaded into the neuronavigation system. Four patients were excluded as a bur-hole biopsy was performed. Imaging was acquired at 3 Tesla and analyzed using the general linear model with significantly activated pixels determined via individually determined thresholds. fMRI maps were displayed intraoperatively via commercial neuronavigation systems. Seventy-one cases were planned ECS; however, 18 (25.35%) of these procedures were either not attempted or aborted/limited due to: seizure (10), patient difficulty cooperating with the ECS mapping (4), scarring/limited dural opening (3), or dural bleeding (1). In all aborted/limited ECS cases, the surgeon continued surgery using fMRI to guide surgical decision-making. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative deficits between cases with completed ECS and those with limited/aborted ECS. Preoperative fMRI allowed for continuation of surgery in over one-fourth of patients in which planned ECS was incomplete or impossible, without a significantly different incidence of postoperative deficits compared to the patients with completed ECS. This demonstrates additional value of fMRI beyond presurgical planning, as fMRI data served as a backup method to ECS.

METHOD OF COVERING THE SCHEDULE OF LOADING OF A LIVESTOCK FARM IN THE CASE OF AUTONOMOUS ELECTRICITY SUPPLY, BASED ON BIOGAS PLANTS

The paper proposes a method of tracking the livestock farm load schedule based on the determination of the required generation capacity depending on the actual load schedule. The use of this method allows the management of biogas power plants based on internal combustion engines, depending on changes in the load without power reserve for the time of possible displacement of technological operations. Unlike the power backup method, there is no additional power loss at the time of the reservation, the possible incorrect switches of electrical equipment that do not correspond to the normalized schedule are excluded, there is work in changing the order of operations and the order of switching on the equipment. The use of the method improves the energy efficiency of the biogas plant and also increases the reliability of the livestock farm's autonomous electricity supply system. The calculations of the use of this method for the cattle farm prove its energy efficiency in the conditions of autonomous electricity supply. Developed approaches to tracking the load schedule of the livestock farm allow for the management of biogas power plants depending on changes in the magnitude of the load without power reserve for the time of possible displacement of technological operations. The use of the proposed method is especially relevant for autonomous power systems. The calculations of using this method for a cattle farm testify to its effectiveness, in particular for a small cattle farm with a herd of 60 valid cows, 11 dry and 29 heads of young animals kept in the winter-stall period, the total saving is 82.8 kW ∙ h day.

Comparison of methods for calculating gas reserves in providing certainty of reserves in the oil and gas industry

The volumetric method is the initial method used in calculating hydrocarbon reserves obtained from the exploration stage obtained geological data from a field in the oil and gas industry. The hydrocarbon reserve calculation obtained from a volumetric method is the result of interpretation data, such as seismic and logging data that have a small range of trust. In this study estimated hydrocarbon reserves in the XY formation gas reservoir using a material balance method or P/Z method in assessing optimism or pessimism of the reserve value generated from a volumetric method. The material balance method or P/Z method was chosen as a reliable method. Because it has better accuracy data such as pressure measurement data, reservoir rock, and fluid analysis data. Cumulative production measurement data compared to interpretation data on a volumetric method. From this research can be concluded that the reserve value produced by the volumetric method is more pessimistic than the reserve value using the material balance method and P/Z method. By knowing pessimism results from the volumetric backup method for the other two methods. it will affect the amount of oil and gas industry reserves so that geological model needs to be done again after more accurate data is obtained.

THE TRUE ROLE OF STETHOSCOPE - CLINICAL PARADIGM

Technologies have "taken over" medical practice and through them the diagnostic process has become faster, more accurate, early and secure, and treatment is effective and encouraging. The positive results are indisputable, but at the same time, the old prophecy was doomed to oblivion. As a consequence, less clinical thinking and less skill in a non - standard environment (field conditions).The article presents the real role of a medical stethoscope in medical practice. A clinical case of asymptomatic spontaneous pneumothorax in interstitial pneumonia due to a complication of rupture of the vein, diagnosed with a medical stethoscope only, has been considered.The analysis of the physical findings is important. A key point in the analysis is the mismatch between the "expected" change in the clinical and physical picture and the "reported" physical finding, which is the evolution of the pulmonary parenchymal syndrome - instead of pure vesicular breathing, to the syndrome - air in the pleural cavity .Theoretically, a clinical paradigm of clinical thinking, containing the components, has been developed and practically applied to the clinical case: a description of the specificities of each symptom, two aspects of a working diagnosis - what and what is not; a logical connection between the symptoms, an analysis of small deviations and nuances - a pathway to accurate diagnosis and associative thinking.Through the stethoscope in combination with medical knowledge and clinical associative thinking, human life can be saved.The current trend is to replace the stethoscope by automated versions. As a traditional method it will not disappear altogether because it is the cheapest and does not require electricity, which makes it a good backup method in developed regions and a logical first choice in some developing regions. The routine use of modern medical equipment allows the examination of medical problems in depth, but not in large scale in association with other symptoms as a process, and the discovery of the causes of the problem. The solution is in the possibility of old physical methods, in combination with associative clinical thinking.The real role of the medical stethoscope returns to the classics of medical science and healing as it is known in its historical nature - such as soul, vocation, and dedication. The medical stethoscope gives the physician the freedom to be a doctor - to himself, anywhere in the world, under all circumstances and under harsh conditions.

Real-Time Planning as Decision-Making under Uncertainty

In real-time planning, an agent must select the next action to take within a fixed time bound. Many popular real-time heuristic search methods approach this by expanding nodes using time-limited A* and selecting the action leading toward the frontier node with the lowest f value. In this paper, we reconsider real-time planning as a problem of decision-making under uncertainty. We propose treating heuristic values as uncertain evidence and we explore several backup methods for aggregating this evidence. We then propose a novel lookahead strategy that expands nodes to minimize risk, the expected regret in case a non-optimal action is chosen. We evaluate these methods in a simple synthetic benchmark and the sliding tile puzzle and find that they outperform previous methods. This work illustrates how uncertainty can arise even when solving deterministic planning problems, due to the inherent ignorance of time-limited search algorithms about those portions of the state space that they have not computed, and how an agent can benefit from explicitly metareasoning about this uncertainty.

Decrypting password-based encrypted backup data for Huawei smartphones

Digital investigators sometimes obtain key evidence by extracting user data from the smartphones of suspects. However, it is becoming more difficult to extract user data from smartphones, due to continuous updates and the use of data encryption functions, such as Full Disk Encryption (FDE) and File Based Encryption (FBE). Backup data are usually stored in an encrypted form, in order to protect user privacy. Therefore, it is essential for digital investigators to be able to transform encrypted backup data into a form that can be used as evidence. For this purpose, an analysis of the backup method used in a smartphone is needed.In the research reported in this paper, we first analyze the backup process of Huawei smartphones, and then propose a method for decrypting Huawei smartphone backup data encrypted with a user-entered password. This process is performed by analyzing the Huawei application and PC program called KoBackup and HiSuite, respectively. We developed a tool for user-entered password recovery and encrypted backup data decryption. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first result analyzing all of the backup processes available for Huawei smartphones and decrypting their backup data.