Background Experience Research Articles

Effect of the thinking healthy programme-based internet intervention model for maternal perinatal depression: A pilot study.

Thinking Healthy Programme (THP) is an evidence-based psychosocial intervention that can be delivered by non-psychologists and does not require the implementer to have a mental health background or field experience. The THP has been tested in maternal health in many countries. However, the application of the THP model in Chinese maternal and child health has not been reported. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of the Thinking Healthy Programme (THP) model for improving perinatal depressive symptoms and infant growth when implemented by non-psychologists (e.g., nurses) for Chinese pregnant women. 122 pregnant women with Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) ≥ 10 were selected from a tertiary hospital in Fujian Province between January 2022 to May 2022. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 61) and the control group (n = 61). The intervention group received the THP-based online delivery intervention and enhanced usual care (EUC), while the control group only received EUC. The outcomes were maternal depressive symptoms, infant growth, and other maternal and infant outcomes. Outcomes were assessed at baseline (during pregnancy), 3 months postpartum, and 6 months postpartum. The Generalized Linear Mixed Model (GLMM) showed that there were significant time effects for EPDS scores and PHQ-9 scores between the two groups over time (p < 0.001, p = 0.040). The depression subscale of EPDS and PHQ-9 scores decreased significantly only within the intervention group between 6 months postpartum and baseline (p = 0.003, p = 0.023), the comparison group did not. Compared with the control group, the intervention group had a statistically significantly longer breastfeeding time (5.52 ± 1.25 vs. 4.50 ± 1.69, p = 0.012) at 6 months postpartum, and a lower absolute value of BMI-for-age z-score at post intervention and follow up post intervention (3 and 6 months post-delivery) (-0.87 ± 1.41 vs. -1.41 ± 2.53, p = 0.229; -0.14 ± 1.19 vs. -0.29 ± 1.11, p = 0.539) although no statistically significant difference. This study had several limitations. First, it was a single-center study and the sample size was small, which may limit the results. This finding needs to be confirmed by further large multicenter studies. Second, the outcomes were based on maternal self-report alone, which was subjected to social desirability and recall bias. Third, the study only monitored the effects up to the 6-month endpoint. Future studies should incorporate a longer-term evaluation of its effects on infant behavioral and temperament outcomes. The THP-based online delivery intervention model helped to improve maternal perinatal depressive symptoms, with important benefits for improving maternal and infant health. This suggested the feasibility for non-psychologists to implement the THP model.

LIFETIME EXPOSURES AND COGNITION AT OLDER AGES: FINDINGS FROM THE WISCONSIN LONGITUDINAL STUDY

Abstract This symposium considers the relationship between later-life cognition and a range of social, economic, and environmental exposures throughout the life course. Drawing on over 65 years of rich population-based survey data and recent rigorous cognitive assessments from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS), the papers in this symposium showcase empirical linkages between older adults’ cognitive health with a set of exposures including education, family socioeconomic status, occupational conditions, and familial connections. The first paper (Herd et al.) draws on the unique availability of adolescent IQ and high caliber cognitive diagnostic data that distinguishes between underlying etiologies to examine the relationship between early life IQ, educational attainment, and later life dementia. The paper by Topping links the wealth of WLS data on early life socioeconomic background and high school experiences to patterns of change in later life cognition, with attention to both cognitive change and mechanisms of selection. Next, Qin and Engelman draw on the WLS’s sibling data to consider the relationship between later-life cognitive health and educational differentials among siblings, and Lee et al. consider the impact of sibling relationships on later life cognition. Finally, Williams et al. draw on the WLS survey, genetic, and cognitive data to consider the interaction between ApoE-4 status, employment-based environmental exposures in midlife, and later life pollution in shaping dementia risk. Taken together, the papers in this symposium showcase the enormous potential of combining longitudinal survey data with cognitive assessment for learning about the life course determinants of later-life cognitive health.

Factors Affecting Sport-Related Concussion Non-Disclosure in Women's Rugby-A Multi-Country Qualitative Analysis.

Background and Objectives: Collision-sport athletes, such as rugby players, are at risk of sport-related concussion (SRC). Women are known to be at higher risk of SRC and may experience more severe and chronic symptomology than men. Knowledge of the factors that affect a player's disclosure of their concussive symptoms could help to inform strategies to improve compliance with reporting and management of head injuries. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors that may impact women rugby players' disclosure of a concussion. Methods: Twenty-eight adult (≥18 years of age) elite and semi-elite women rugby players from the UK and Ireland (n = 17) and the United States (n = 11) were interviewed on their playing background and SRC experience in women's rugby via one-on-one interviews (UK and Ireland) or an online questionnaire (US). Results: SRC data were analysed inductively using a thematic analysis approach to determine the potential reasons for SRC non-disclosure in women's rugby. Four main themes were identified which may influence a player's SRC non-disclosure: 1. women rugby players are self-managing SRC; 2. work-related concerns impact on SRC disclosure; 3. players and support staff lack knowledge on SRC management; and 4. poor internal and external communication affect the support players receive when injured. Conclusions: The findings were consistent across players from different countries. This research highlighted several factors that may impact on women rugby players' disclosure of SRC regardless of country of origin (UK, Ireland, or US) and access to concussion care. Coaches and management teams should be aware of these reasons, which may enhance how they discuss and manage concussion. There is a clear need for further education on concussion for players and support staff and for strategies to create environments where women can openly discuss their concussion concerns.

Management of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer (mCRC): Real-World Recommendations

Introduction Metastatic CRC is considered as a heterogenous disease. Its management is therefore complex and dynamic. In order the give a ready reference to community oncologists, we developed this real world recommendations. Methods A group of experts with academic background and real world experience in mCRC got together. We reviewed the current literature and the insights gained from our real world experience. Based on the same we put together these recommendations. Recommendations (Results) Molecular testing should be done wherever possible. Most of these patients will be treated with a palliative approach. Doublet chemotherapy is a long-standing standard of care. Triplet therapy may be offered where a more aggressive approach is indicated. Combination with anti -vascular endothelial growth factor antibodies and/or anti EGFR antibodies is also considered standard. In the first-line setting, pembrolizumab can be used for patients with mCRC and microsatellite instability-high or deficient mismatch repair tumours; Left and right sided tumours are distinct entities. Combination of chemotherapy and targeted therapy is used as per individual patient and tumour characteristics.Oligometastatic disease can be approached with potentially curative intent. Cytoreductive surgery plus chemotherapy can be offered to selected patients with peritoneal only metastases. Stereotactic body radiation therapy can be used as local therapy for patients with oligometastatic liver only disease who cannot be taken up for surgery. New strategies include induction-maintenance chemotherapy and perioperative chemotherapy. All drugs/ regimen included as standard of care in the first line can also be used in subsequent lines. Specific targetable driver mutation tumours can be treated accordingly with their complementary biological therapy. Conclusion Multidisciplinary team management and shared decision making are possible when patient and caregivers choose to become active participants.

The efficacy of Telegram Messenger as a tool for enhancing argumentative writing among students in open and distance learning

PurposeThis paper explores the effectiveness of using Telegram Messenger as a tool to enhance argumentative writing skills among open and distance learning (ODL) students. The paper outlines that argumentative writing is a crucial skill, particularly in written discourse, and that teaching it to ODL students presents unique challenges compared to traditional classroom settings.Design/methodology/approachThis quasi-experimental study was conducted on first-year ODL students in a Malaysian tertiary institution to measure the effectiveness of using Telegram Messenger to improve argumentative writing skills. The study used convenient sampling, with pre- and post-tests administered to both control and experimental groups, and the results were analyzed using paired sample t-tests. Additionally, qualitative data were gathered from six selected students, ensuring rigorous analysis and elimination of confounding variables by assigning the same writing tasks to all participants.FindingsThe findings of this paper suggest that students in the experimental group showed significant improvement in their argumentative writing skills, as evidenced by higher post-test scores compared to the control group. Qualitative feedback from selected students indicated that Telegram Messenger encouraged participation and made the writing process more engaging and interactive.Research limitations/implicationsThe study involved a relatively small sample size of 60 students from two cases and lasted only 10 weeks. Thus, the findings might not be generalizable to all ODL students. A longer study duration will provide findings on the long-term effects of using Telegram Messenger on argumentative writing skills. Factors such as age, educational background, language proficiency and prior experience in online learning could yield different results.Practical implicationsFor educators and institutions involved in online education, this research highlights the potential of integrating digital platforms like Telegram Messenger into their teaching strategies to enhance student engagement and learning outcomes, particularly in areas such as writing skills development. It also underscores the importance of adapting teaching methods to suit the unique needs and challenges of ODL students. Moreover, incorporating Telegram in ODL writing classrooms can foster a dynamic, interactive environment that supports both individual and collaborative learning.Social implicationsODL has become increasingly popular, especially with the rise of digital communication platforms. This study delves into how such platforms, like Telegram Messenger, can be utilized to enhance the learning experience for ODL students. By leveraging technology, educational opportunities can potentially be extended to individuals who may not have access to traditional classroom settings due to geographical, financial or other constraints.Originality/valueThe originality and value of this study lie in its focus on using Telegram Messenger, a widely accessible and familiar digital platform, to address the unique challenges ODL students face in developing argumentative writing skills in ODL. By employing a quasi-experimental design with both quantitative and qualitative analyses, the study provides robust evidence of Telegram’s effectiveness as a tool to improve engagement and writing outcomes, distinguishing it from traditional methods and other digital platforms that may lack the immediacy or interactivity Telegram offers.

Nurses' adverse event reporting attitudes and related factors: a cross-sectional study in maternal and child specialized hospitals in China.

To investigate the current situation of nurses' attitude toward adverse event reporting and identify its related factors in maternal and child specialized hospitals. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 943 nurses in 18 second-level and above maternal and child specialized hospitals in Sichuan province in China. The questionnaire included general information and the Chinese version of Reporting of Clinical Adverse Effects Scale (C-RoCAES). The total score of adverse events reported by nurses was 63.98 ± 8.77. The scores of the dimensions from high to low were reporting standard (3.13 ± 0.46), reporting impact (2.80 ± 0.54), reporting purpose (1.98 ± 0.66), and reporting environment (1.98 ± 0.42). Educational background (β = -1.87, p < 0.001), professional title (β = -3.51, p < 0.001), and adverse event experience (β = -7.05, p < 0.001) were the positively associated with higher levels of nurses' attitude toward adverse event reporting in maternal and child specialized hospitals (p < 0.05). The attitude of nurses in maternal and child specialized hospitals to report adverse events is at the middle level. Hospital managers should improve the reporting standards for adverse events, improve the hospital safety culture, strengthen the relevant training for nurses with low education and low professional titles, so as to improve nurses' awareness of adverse event reporting and reporting rate.

Asian neuropsychologists: Current state, gaps, barriers, and future directions

Objective: As the field of neuropsychology continues expanding efforts to better recruit providers and serve individuals from diverse populations, understanding the training and practice experiences of neuropsychologists from diverse backgrounds is crucial. Given the diversity of Asian populations, the experiences of Asian neuropsychologists offer a unique opportunity to reflect on the progress made in addressing issues related to diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI). This information will help address challenges related to education, training, and clinical practice, particularly in meeting growing demands for neuropsychological evaluations among Asian populations and addressing unique challenges. Methods: Survey data from 69 Asian neuropsychologists encompassed demographic factors, educational background, clinical duties, research focuses, and advocacy/leadership work. Information regarding experiences of discrimination, barriers, and gaps was also gathered. Results: Asian neuropsychologists are a diverse group comprising South, Southeast, and East Asian communities with various levels of bilingualism. Clinical and training experiences span a spectrum of settings, programs, and responsibilities, though notably, there are still many gaps. Our sample endorsed experiences of discrimination associated with institutional, systemic, and social barriers (e.g. absence of training opportunities, unfair wages) as well as more general barriers in neuropsychology. Conclusions: This study overviews Asian neuropsychologists’ demographic background, training, and practice experiences. Despite progress in the field’s growing recognition and understanding of Asian neuropsychology, there remain unique experiences, challenges, and needs that are not well understood or addressed. Understanding these experiences and insights is essential for enhancing culturally sensitive neuropsychological services for individuals of Asian descent worldwide and advancing DEI efforts.

어머니의 음악육아가 영아의 음악능력에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study was to analyze the musical parenting (MP) practices of mothers with infants and the impact of these practices on infants' musical abilities. A questionnaire was administered to 304 two-year-old infants and their mothers in daycare centers across G Province. The results showed the following: First, mothers perceived prenatal musical education (PME) as beneficial and necessary for child development, with high implementation rates, primarily using classical music. Additionally, older mothers were found to participate in PME more frequently. Second, mothers were relatively active in engaging in musical interactions (MI) with their young children, with differences in MI participation depending on the mothers' age, education, and music learning experience. Moreover, the home musical environment (HME) was found to be lacking, with differences based on the mother's educational background and music learning experience. Various MP practices—including PME implementation, weekly PME frequency, listening to music, singing, dancing, music-making, and HME—were found to positively affect infants' musical abilities. Among these, singing-related MI had the most significant impact on infants' musical abilities. These findings highlight the importance of supporting mothers in recognizing and actively engaging in MP practices to positively influence their children's musical development.

Exploration of the Impact of Language Proficiency on Vocabulary Association Patterns in English Language Education

This paper explores the lexical association patterns of English as a second language and their relationship with language proficiency. Through the vocabulary association test, the study analyzes the differences in vocabulary association between learners with different language levels. The participants were 100 non-native English-speaking undergraduate students from a top 200 university, such as the University of Nottingham, and a university outside the top 200, such as the University of Aberdeen; the two groups of learners differed in their vocabulary size and learning style. It was found that the two groups of learners differed significantly in vocabulary size, language background, and learning experience. In addition, the study raises three core questions: first, learners’ lexical association patterns, second, differences in association among learners with different language proficiency levels, and third, other variables that affect vocabulary association ability. The limitations of the study are that reaction time was not measured and the influence of native language background on word association was not fully considered; future research should further explore these aspects.

Gendered Peer Friendships and Romantic Relationships Among Youth with Cross-cultural Upbringings: Exploring Social Control

Research and political discourse primarily emphasize social control within minority families, overlooking a broader perspective concerning diverse agents and contexts. This study examines how 15 youths with cross-cultural backgrounds experience and navigate social control in relation to gendered friendships and romantic relationships in Norway. We applied a framework by Honkatukia and Keskinen (2017) that proposes a four-dimensional approach to social control. Our findings reveal an interplay of normative social control from parents, informal control from minority communities and peers from the majority community, as well as formal control from the broader majority society. The participants adopt several strategies in navigating social control, including internalizing, conforming, contesting, and resisting control. These findings provide a deeper and more nuanced understanding of the complex dynamics of ethnic, religious, gendered, age-related, and cultural social control exerted by several agents thereby challenging the predominant culturalist perspective on friendships and romantic relationships among cross-cultural youth.

An Interview with Anthony C.K. Kakooza, J.D., Ph.D.

In this insightful interview, Anthony Kakooza engages in a comprehensive exploration of legal frameworks and their intersection with traditional cultural expressions (TCEs). The dialogue, facilitated by Sara R. Benson and Siyao Cheng from the Journal of Copyright in Education and Librarianship (JCEL), delves into a nuanced analysis of the role that copyright law plays in protecting TCEs. The conversation extends to encompass a wide array of topics related to the ongoing debates surrounding TCEs. Specifically, Kakooza addresses the prevalent misunderstandings associated with TCEs and sheds light on the intricate challenges posed by a regional framework for TCE protections. Furthermore, the conversation navigates to the merits of the sui generis approach to TCE protection and explores the implications of adopting a legal framework for indigenous communities and their TCEs. Drawing on Kakooza’s educational background and field experience, the interview serves as a valuable reference for readers aiming to grasp the complex dynamics between legal mechanisms and the protection of TCEs. Keywords: copyright, traditional cultural expressions, intellectual property, sui generis, indigenous communities

The Impact and Guarantee of Policy Changes to Migrant Children on Educational Equity in Guangzhou

In 2018, Guangzhou announced that it would adjust the policy on the advancement of the high school entrance examination in other places in 2021 and relax the restrictions on the advancement of children who have migrated with their parents to Guangzhou. It is of great significance to the migrant children who are educated in Guangzhou and take the Guangzhou high school entrance examination. However, there is a lack of adequate investigation into the impact of this change on the migrant children as individuals. This study will conduct interviews with a certain number of samples based on the method of qualitative research, taking Guangzhou as the scale, to explore the subjective feelings of the migrant children about the policy changes, and analyze the impact of the policy relaxation on the academic performance of the migrant children based on their personal family background and school experience. The results show that the relaxation of the policy has a positive and encouraging effect on the academic performance which is not only beneficial to the migrant children, but also ensures a certain degree of educational equity, and also has certain reference significance for the adjustment of education policy.

Association of adverse childhood experiences with adult-onset cardiometabolic conditions and prescription medicine use

Abstract Association of adverse childhood experiences with adult-onset cardiometabolic conditions and prescription medicine use Background and importance Adverse childhood experiences are potentially preventable and traumatic events that occur during childhood. Childhood exposure to trauma is highly prevalent and adults who had adverse childhood experiences are at increased risk of developing physical conditions. However, effect of adverse childhood experiences on health outcomes remains underrecognized. Aim Here, we aimed to measure the association of cumulative adverse childhood experience with adult physical condition and use of prescription medicines in general population. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using the population-based health study including 21083 participants at age 40 years or older. Self-reported adverse childhood experiences before age at 18 years, present or previous cardiometabolic conditions, and present or previous use of medications prescribed for cardiometabolic conditions were used in our analysis. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate age, sex, smoking, education, and income-adjusted risk of cardiometabolic condition and prescription medicine use after adverse childhood experiences. Association of multimorbidity and using multiple prescription medicines with adverse childhood experience was analyzed using generalized linear model with ordinal classification. Results We found that having a history of adverse childhood experience was associated with increased risk of subsequent cardiometabolic conditions; hazard ratios ranged from 1.117 (95% CI, 1.054 – 1.185) to 1.341 (95% CI, 1.181 – 1.522). Furthermore, adverse childhood experience was associated with multimorbidity of cardiometabolic conditions (odds ratio [OR], 1.195; 95% CI, 1.117 – 1.279) and increased risk of using multiple prescription medicines (OR, 1.131; 95% CI, 1.057 – 1.210). Notably, we observed the dose – effect relationships of cumulative adverse childhood experience to the increased risk of 5 among 6 cardiometabolic conditions and to the increased risk of using 4 among 6 prescription medicines. Furthermore, cumulative adverse childhood experience had the dose – effect associations with multimorbidity of cardiometabolic conditions (ORs ranged from 1.120 [95% CI, 1.033 – 1.214] to 1.526 [95% CI, 1.276 – 1.825]) and using multiple prescription medicines (ORs are 1.393 [95% CI, 1.195 – 1.624] and 1.572 [95% CI 1.315 1.879]). Conclusions and relevance: Our findings implicate cumulative adverse childhood experience as a risk factor for later cardiometabolic conditions and use of medicines prescribed for cardiometabolic conditions. Our results are significant by suggesting inquiry into adverse childhood experience exposure during clinical consultations, services to alleviate the burden and increasing resilience in addition to strategies aimed at prevention of cardiometabolic conditions might improve health outcomes.

Racism in inpatient settings in Germany: professionals’ perspectives

Abstract Background Experiences of racial discrimination during healthcare encounters have increasingly been recognised as a source of health inequity. Narrative accounts by racialised healthcare users have dominated research in the field but it is equally important to capture the perceptions and practices of professionals to understand how racism operates in healthcare provisioning. This presentation asks: how does racism manifest in the German inpatient healthcare system (hospitals, rehabilitation facilities), and are there areas or phases of healthcare provisioning where racism is observed more frequently? Methods Problem-centred expert interviews (Döringer 2021) with 20 healthcare professionals from medicine, nursing, and therapeutic professions working in hospitals or rehabilitation facilities across three German federal states. Data were analysed using documentary method (Bohnsack 2002). Results Racism occurs widely in German inpatient settings. It manifests both structurally, e.g. in the absence of professional translators for healthcare users with limited German skills, and interpersonally, e.g. in the form of microaggressions and stereotyping but also the witholding of treatment and verbal abuse. Targets of racism are both patients and staff, especially internationally recruited healthcare workers. Respondents thereby identify night shifts, psychiatric settings and the emergency ward as contexts where racism is more likely to occur. The hierarchical nature of and pervasive power asymmetries in hospitals thereby prevent effective interventions against racial discrimination. Conclusions Racism in German healthcare institutions requires multiscalar public health interventions, particularly at the level of the institutions themselves. These include the establishment of a robust and low-threshold complaints structure, spaces for self-reflection for professionals, and mandatory anti-racism training rather than a focus on diversity-sensitive competence. Key messages • In future research approaches, structurally determined reproductions of racism should be investigated using a multi-method approach. • Experiences of powerlessness are reported by both those affected by racism and those professionals who observe racism and should be addressed by the institutions.

IgE immunoadsorption: technical background, functionality, and first clinical experience

Summary Background The prevalence of allergic diseases has risen in the 21st century, drawing attention to specific therapeutic and preventive strategies. Due to the key role of immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the development of allergic reactions, IgE represents a key target treatment. In this scenario, IgE immunoadsorption (IgE-IA) has been investigated as a procedure that selectively removes circulating IgE antibodies from the bloodstream of patients with atopy. Methods This narrative review aims to critically summarize the current insights regarding IgE-IA in the context of the management of allergic diseases, ranging from the rationale to the technical aspects, as well as the benefits and unmet needs. Results IgE-IA might be a treatment strategy in well-selected patients with allergic diseases. IgE depletion through sessions of IgE-IA results in immediate clinical improvement and might be useful in acute situations when a rapid clinical response is required or when classic approaches are contraindicated or ineffective. Due to the reduced effectiveness over time, IgE-IA could be a valid first approach before starting another IgE depletion therapy, such as omalizumab, when its commencement would otherwise be contraindicated by too-high serum IgE levels. Conclusion Overall, IgE-IA is safe and well tolerated; however, this procedure is currently difficult to implement in routine clinical practice because of costs, time demands, need for hospitalization, and the invasiveness of the procedure, with the associated risks related to the necessity of venous catheterization.

Psychological basis of emotional and moral development of the personality. Part 1. Research problem of emotional and moral development of personality

Introduction. The relevance of the research problem lies in the fact that in psychological science some theorists involved in the study of emotions believe that the states of emotional experience are unchanged. Since the principles of immutability and constancy of emotional experience are crucial for understanding consciousness, an important type of which in humans are emotions, since they influence their perceptual and cognitive processes and behavior.Purpose setting. There are unique classes of emotional phenomena, such as mood, feelings, which manifest themselves in the general background of events and persist after their completion. It is precisely such background experiences that are the basis of the emotional assessments studied in this work. Moral and aesthetic experiences associated with art, human cognition through art, ensure his development as a subject of moral relations to other people and to himself, contribute to changes in his moral experience and personal (including emotional) characteristics.Methodology and methods of the study was carried out on the basis of the study of philosophical, sociological, psychological and pedagogical scientific and methodological literature, which made it possible to develop the concept of psychological foundations. Results. Our research is educational in the management of emotions and feelings. The dynamic development of the results of our study of the emotional states of a personality, its experiences according to the author’s methods in the form of keeping an emotional diary since 1997, contributing to the self-development of a personality as a component of personal maturity, is presented.Conclusion. The practical value of the research within the framework of general psychology lies not only in the fact that the main directions for optimizing the process of emotional and moral development of a personality are identified, recommendations are substantiated for improving the specialization of people working with children, improving their professional skills, but also in developing a program for the psychological study of emotional and moral personality development (EMPD), diagnostics of specific and nonspecific emotional phenomena, which ensures timely correction of the EMPD process. The data obtained can be taken into account in schools and universities in the process of forecasting the moral atmosphere among adolescents and students, as well as the moral atmosphere of society in general.

Reflections beyond the thesis—exploring wellbeing, emotional work and research identity following a PhD

This paper reflects on the experience of my PhD in Interactive Textiles for wellbeing and intends to provide ways for other PhDs to reflect and understand their PhD beyond the data. I provide context for my research, methodology and approach; Research through Design and a Person Centred Approach. Reflecting using the Gibbs Cycle I explore the emotional work required to conduct my studies, particularly within Dementia Friendly Communities. Alongside this I explain how my background and previous experience contributed to my overall approach and identity as a researcher. My key learnings from my experience form an action plan, offering ways for future researchers to; Reflect on and manage wellbeing; Reflect as a researcher working on challenging and emotional topics; Reflect on how researcher identity can influence research approaches. In addition, this paper provides training and networking suggestions.

Case Study — Breaking Barriers: Women Empowerment in a Conservative Society

Muhammad Ali Mugheri (Mr. Mugheri), a Pakistani high school teacher, had to overcome crucial obstacles to change the mindset of the school management, the government, and the society — a male-dominated environment conserved in laws and culture for girls’ education. For the first time in history, such a change agent highlighted how the male gender faced issues on the way of bringing a positive change in the conservative society of Sindh, Pakistan. His educational background and work experience led him to rapid progression from the role of a girls’ high school teacher to a headmaster in the primary girls’ school to a boys’ high school teacher. After more than 14 years of working as a teacher and a headmaster, he struggled for female education in the conservative society and negligent government. As he reflected on the hard journey he had been through, although he was sincere and dedicated, he wondered what was next? In 2022, Mr. Mugheri faced yet a tough decision to change the workplace under pressure from authorities; if so how would he continue working for the cause of women’s education? In September 2022, Mr. Mugheri was confronted with another setback challenging a serious threat to his mission of fighting for girls’ right to education. As a school headmaster, he aimed for many positive changes to bring but he felt cornered. He contemplated on the challenging times he had seen to reach this point of time. Mr. Mugheri was passionate about the success of girls’ education in a conservative society. For a man, staying for long in the girls’ school, be it government girls higher secondary school or primary girls school, was a distant reality. Considering the challenges, he wondered if he could continue as a head of school, or was it time for him to change? Mr. Mugheri was the headmaster in the girls’ primary school, Lalu Raunk, Sindh, Pakistan. All his staff were female teachers. This was not acceptable to many in the conservative societies. The community heads and parents raised their concerns for his appointment in a girls’ school. Nonetheless, due to his earlier contributions to the schools, he could continue following his passion. He was greatly respected for his charismatic leadership style and his outstanding work on female education. He attributed his superior performance in the education sector to his drive, unwavering motivation to work, passion for female education, and tough decisions he had made in his career. “Give me an educated mother and I will give you an educated nation” the quote he stated repeatedly.

Prisoners' perceptions and satisfaction with telepsychiatry services in Greece.

Telepsychiatry is an effective tool to support and provide mental health services to prison inmates. In Greece, telepsychiatry was formally applied in two correctional facilities in 2018. The objective of this study was to compare inmates' perceptions and satisfaction with telepsychiatry versus face-to-face consultation. The sample consisted of 100 male inmates with a multicultural background and prior experience with both methods of services provision. The data were obtained through a Demographic Data Questionnaire, a Participant Satisfaction Questionnaire to assess satisfaction with face-to-face psychiatric services, and another Participant Satisfaction Questionnaire to assess satisfaction with telepsychiatric services. The results have shown a higher level of satisfaction with telepsychiatry compared to face-to-face care. Statistically significant improvements (all p-values <0.001) were noted in: waiting times, support for relapse prevention, follow up, quality of mental health care, quality of care in the management of psychiatric problems and related medication, behaviour of psychiatrists, duration of the assessment, sense of comfort, and confidentiality. Telepsychiatry has proved to be an acceptable way of approaching and supporting inmates in Greece, with most of the participants expressing high acceptance, satisfaction, and preference rates. Implications for additional research and further development of telepsychiatry are discussed.

A study of the influence of family involvement on the IPO performance of Korean start-ups

ABSTRACT This study examines what types of abilities of the top management team influence the market value at initial public offering (IPO) and especially focuses on how family involvement influences the effect of top management on the market value at IPO. As a result, first, the more top managers with the output function background or the relevant industry experience the top management team has, the higher the market value at IPO is. Second, the more family members participate on the board of directors, the stronger the impact of the top management team’s output function background or relevant industry experience on the market value at IPO.