Baby's Health Research Articles

Let 'Pregnant Women Choose the Destiny for Themselves and Their Child'. How Fertility Clinic Digital Platforms Frame Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) in Spain.

Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) is used to select in vitro embryos for distinct clinical contexts and purposes. PGT for monogenic conditions (PGT-M), also known as Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD), enables the prevention of passing on a known genetic disorder to one's offspring. Conversely, PGT for aneuploidies (PGT-A), or Preimplantation Genetic Screening (PGS), is used to improve IVF success rates in fertility patients and increase confidence about the health outcomes of potential offspring. Using discourse analysis, we examine how Spanish fertility clinic digital platforms frame these techniques and their associated subjectivity processes. We find: first, an excessively unproblematic portrayal of experimental innovations such as PGT; second, a linguistic, semantic and clinical overlap between 'diagnosis' and 'screening', which increases the genetic responsibility of couples or women without known genetic conditions regarding their prospective children; and third, the use of genomics as a modulator of female fertility and as a means to control maternal age-related decline. Ultimately, this discourse positions PGT as a routine IVF component, serving as an assurance tool for both treatment success and the health of the potential baby. This narrative reflects the speculative turn in assisted reproduction, emphasising new forms of responsibility and choice of would-be mothers.

STUDI KASUS: DAMPAK KEHAMILAN REMAJA TERHADAP PERAWATAN KEHAMILAN DAN BAYI

Teenage pregnancy is a significant public health problem and has a broad impact on the health of mothers and babies. This case study describes the pregnancy of a 19 year old teenager (Mrs. M), which shows the various challenges faced in pregnancy care and baby health. This case shows that teenage pregnancies are often faced with inadequate antenatal care, higher risks to maternal and infant health, and an urgent need for comprehensive psychosocial and educational support. The midwifery care provided can provide motivation for mothers to get access and quality pregnancy checks, can also reduce the social and psychological impacts experienced, as well as support for pregnancy

Implementing and Replicating Perinatal Mental Health Programs in Portuguese Public Hospitals: Protocol of a Pilot Program

Introduction: Pregnancy and postpartum are periods of increased risk for the development or exacerbation of mental disorders. Preventing the impact and consequences of untreated mental illness is essential, given the risks for the woman and the baby. In Portugal, there are a limited number of programs and projects oriented towards intervention in this period of vulnerability. The perinatal mental health program whose protocol is presented was designed to integrate perinatal mental health care in a public hospital, through a pilot model approach for the detection and provision of adequate, specific and timely care. Our objective was to describe the design and methodology of a perinatal mental health program implemented in a public hospital in Portugal and reflect on its replicability within the National Health Service context. Methodology: The programs’s axes of screening and clinical intervention are presented. The screening axis includes the use of validated instruments and assessment at three different moments of the perinatal period. The clinical intervention axis comprises individual consultations and group sessions using third -generation therapies with recourse to online platforms. Results: The program protocol proposes a multidisciplinary approach to perinatal mental health, with a significant impact on the mental health of mothers, babies and families in (re)construction, as well as the establishment and continuity of specific care provision, with consequent improvement in the level of satisfaction towards care. Conclusion: The limited number of programs and resources in the area of perinatal mental health represents a barrier to the implementation of structured programs in this specific area of paramount importance. This protocol aims to explain the methodology and feasibility of a perinatal mental health program and to reflect on the relevance and feasibility of its replication in other NHS services.

Endodontic treatment in pregnant women

Endodontic treatment on pregnant women is an emergency condition to control toothache due to irreversible pulpitis and other causes. The aim of this article is to explain the endodontic management of pregnant patients. Endodontic procedures during pregnancy require special considerations due to hormonal and physiological changes, but with proper precautions, they can be safely performed. Modern techniques like apex locators, reciprocating files, and single-cone obturation improve the efficiency and comfort of treatment. Maintaining good oral health is essential, as poor dental care can lead to complications such as premature birth, low birth weight, and early tooth decay in children. By following safety protocols, endodontic care can be safely integrated into prenatal care, supporting the health of both mother and baby.

RELATIONSHIP OF ANC VISIT, EMESIS GRAVIDARUM AND DIETARY HABIT AGAINST ANEMIA IN PREGNANT WOMEN AT T PMB RABIAH, AM. KEB KELURAHAN SENTOSA SEBRANG ULU KOTA DISTRICT PALEMBANG PROVINCE OF SOUTH SUMATERA YEAR 2023

Background Behind: A anemia is Wrong One of the major health problems in the world, especially in developing countries. Anemia can have a negative impact on quality of life, physical performance, and health of mother and baby during pregnancy. Prevention and anemia treatment involves increasing intake of substance iron and vitamin B12 via food or supplements, as well as handling underlying medical conditions. Negative impact for anemia during pregnancy reported can increase risk of maternal and perinatal death. Impact on Mother such as _ fatigue, poor work capacity or performance, distraction _ function immunity body, increase risk of heart disease, even death, Objective Study He knows connection ANC visits, emesis gravidarum And pattern Eat against anemia in pregnant Mother. Method: Research method used _ in study This is quantitative descriptive. Design used _ is cross-sectional that is something research that studies dynamics connection between factors risk with effect, with method approach, observation or data collection carried out in once on _ the same time And No There is a follow-up period. Population in study this is mom First trimester pregnancy at TPMB Rabiah, Am.Keb on month July-September that is as many as 35 respondents. Big The sample uses total sampling techniques. Sample on study This totaling 35 respondents. Results of this study: Test results chi square with CI = 95% obtained p value <.001 (P<0.05) which means there is a significant relationship between ANC visits, Emesis Gravidarum and Diet against anemia in Mother pregnant at TPMB Rabiah, Am.Keb Ward Sentosa Subdistrict Across Ulu, Palembang City, South Sumatra Province in 2023. Conclusion and Suggestions: there is a relationship between ANC visits, Emesis Gravidarum and Diet against anemia in Mother pregnant at TPMB Rabiah, Am.Keb Ward Sentosa Subdistrict Across Ulu, Palembang City, South Sumatra Province in 2023. Expected can be used as source of information for pregnant mothers. To add outlook and knowledge. Pregnant mothers about anemia and prevention of anemia in her pregnancy.

Comprehensive Monitoring System for High-Risk Pregnancies

Prenatal care protects the Health of both mother and baby, influencing the development and well-being of the mother-child duo. Risks during pregnancy, such as preeclampsia or gestational diabetes, can have long-term effects on the mother’s Health. Effective monitoring of pregnancy risks is essential for improving health outcomes. Therefore, we propose the development of an integrated high-risk pregnancy monitoring mobile application incorporating IoT sensors (smartwatches) to monitor critical biomedical variables. This allows healthcare professionals to collect and analyze data, reducing prenatal risks and improving maternal and fetal health outcomes. Functional and non-functional requirements were gathered and refined through continuous support and iterative meetings with an experienced gynecologist. We identified multiple functional requirements through user stories. Non-functional requirements were also collected to design the proposed architecture and comply with current legislation, prioritizing the security and privacy of biomedical data. We conducted Load tests on the proposed architecture, verifying the system’s quality attributes. Additionally, we carried out usability tests through interviews with a sample of ten pregnant women. Participants found the application intuitive and essential for monitoring their Health, and it could provide a constant source of confidence throughout their pregnancy. The proposed system could be a valuable tool for high-risk pregnancy monitoring. However, large and intensive clinical trials are essential to validate its effectiveness in real-life scenarios.

Investigating the relationship between happiness and self-esteem with self-efficacy in the clinical performance of midwives working in medical centers and comprehensive health services

BACKGROUND: Self-efficacy is one of the factors affecting correct performance, especially in emergency and stressful situations. The mental state of people can affect their performance. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between self-esteem and happiness with self-efficacy in the clinical practice of midwives working in medical centers and comprehensive health services in Isfahan city. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was a quantitative correlational study that was carried out using a quota method on 200 midwives working in health centers and comprehensive health services in Isfahan in 2021–2022. The tools used in this research were happiness, self-esteem, and self-efficacy questionnaires in clinical practice. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation coefficient test. RESULTS: The results showed that the average clinical performance self-efficacy score in midwives was 24.15 ± 109.02, the average happiness score was 14.95 ± 65.32, and the average self-esteem score was 24.40 ± 1.52. There is a significant relationship between the overall clinical performance self-efficacy score and both variables of happiness (P = 0.001, r = 0.03) and self-esteem (P = 0.04, r = 0.091). CONCLUSION: According to the results of this study, paying attention to the happiness and self-esteem of midwives and promoting them can improve their efficiency and performance and ultimately improve the health of mothers and babies and then the society.

A IMPORTÂNCIA DO PRÉ-NATAL NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA PARA A REDUÇÃO DE COMPLICAÇÕES OBSTÉTRICAS PARA GESTANTES: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

INTRODUCTION: Prenatal care is the complete health monitoring of pregnant women health through consultations. High maternal mortality hates in Brazil underscore the importance of prenatal care in primary health services to reduce pregnancy-related complications. Qualified monitoring is essential for early detection of problems, ensuring the health of both mother and baby, with nurses playing a central role in consultations and preventive strategies for pregnant women. OBJECTIVE: To explore the importance of prenatal care in primary health, highlighting its fundamental role in preventing obstetric complications in pregnant women. METHODOLOGY: This study is an integrative review guided by six steps of the review process. Articles were selected from databases, including Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), LILACS, Scientific Electronic Library (SciELO), and PubMed, following the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS: Initially, 108 articles were identified, of which three were duplicates, 84 were excluded, and 14 were included in the study. DISCUSSION: The central role of primary care in gestational follow-up is discussed, emphasizing that the quality of care directly has a direct impact on both, maternal and fetal health. Failures in basic healthcare units that compromise the effectiveness of care are highlighted. Challenges in conducting essential diagnostic tests, such as rapid tests, are mentioned, alongside the need for preventive strategies to manage common obstetric complications. CONCLUSION: Effective prenatal follow-up enable early detection of adverse conditions, preventing negative outcomes for both mother and baby. This underscores the importance of nursing professionals and the Family Health Strategy (ESF) in providing comprehensive care, ensuring quality in prenatal services and ongoing education.

The impact of cigarette smoke as a risk factor for hypertension in pregnancy

Introduction: Hypertension in pregnancy is one of the severe complications and is the leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Risk factors for hypertension in pregnancy include various aspects, including exposure to cigarette smoke, which has a detrimental impact on the mother and fetus. This study aims to analyze the impact of exposure to cigarette smoke as a risk factor for hypertension in pregnancy. Methods: The design of observational analytical research with a cross-sectional design uses point-time, observation, or data collection methods to examine the relationship dynamics between impact risk factors. The dependent variable of this study is the prevalence of hypertension in pregnant women. The number of samples was 128 people using the purposive sampling technique. Results: The results of the study showed that pregnant women who were exposed to cigarette smoke, both active and passive, had a higher risk of developing hypertension compared to mothers who were not exposed. Harmful components in cigarette smoke, such as nicotine and carbon monoxide, play a role in raising blood pressure through vasoconstriction mechanisms and oxidative stress, which aggravate the workload of the heart and circulatory system. Conclusions: These findings show the need for prevention and education efforts to reduce exposure to cigarette smoke in pregnant women, to reduce the incidence of hypertension in pregnancy, and improve the health of mothers and babies. With this information, it is hoped that health workers and the public can be more aware of the dangers of cigarette smoke during pregnancy and strive for a smoke-free environment for pregnant women.

Zuranolone: A Rapidly Acting Oral Neuroactive Steroid Antidepressant for the Treatment of Postpartum Depression.

Severe depression, anxiety, and mood dysregulation during pregnancy and postpartum are risk factors for the safety and health of mother and baby. Current best practice guidelines recommend screening for depressive and anxiety symptoms before and during pregnancy, in addition to the postpartum period. Rapid identification and treatment of depression has the potential to be life-saving and prevent deleterious consequences, including impaired mother-infant bonding, emotional dysregulation, and other developmental problems. The current article reviews the neurobiological mechanisms of postpartum depression and a novel rapidly acting oral pharmacotherapeutic neuroactive steroid, zuranolone. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 62(11), 7-10.].

Influence of stressful life events in postpartum mothers on the incidence of postpartum depression.

The main objective of the study was to explore and document the influence of the stressful life events experienced by postpartum mothers on the incidence of postpartum depression. A systematic review of literature was performed to examine prior research. All major databases including Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science were used. The search is limited to publications from 2018-2023. The results illustrate the diversity of stressful events which include the experience of miscarriage, labour complications, or sudden changes in the baby's health condition. Thematic analysis revealed that these events played significant roles in triggering or exacerbating postpartum depression, amplifying the emotional complexity and psychological well-being of postpartum mothers. We conclude that there is a need for approaches for designing psychological interventions that can provide timely and contextualized support to postpartum women who experience stressful life events.

Conservation of local resources: The role of kepok banana blossom in supporting breast milk production

Optimal production of breast milk is essential to support the health and development of babies. One of the efforts that can be made to increase breast milk production is through the nutrition of breastfeeding mothers. This study aims to determine the effect of consumption of banana kepok blossoms on breast milk production. The study was conducted at PMB Midwife Fitri, Ciamis, using a pre-test and post-test design in an intervention group consisting of 15 breastfeeding mothers. The results showed that the consumption of banana kepok blossoms could significantly increase breast milk production, from an average of 54 mL before the intervention to 99 mL after the intervention. These findings provide an alternative to natural ingredients-based nutrition to support breast milk production in breastfeeding mothers.

The role of physical activity, diet, and stress management in maternal and infant health during pregnancy

Introduction and aim of the study: During pregnancy, significant physiological, hormonal and circulatory changes occur that affect both the health of the mother and the child. Therefore, it is important for the mother to maintain physical activity, a healthy diet, and reduce stress to prevent complications and health problems for the mother and the child. Material and Methods: The Pubmed database was searched. The criteria for qualifying the article for the review were the following keywords: pregnancy, exercise, rehabilitation, nutrition during pregnancy, postpartum depression, atopy, stress, asthma. 30 articles from 2002-2023 were analyzed. Description of the state of knowledge: Regular physical activity during pregnancy brings many benefits such as reducing the risk of complications during childbirth, postpartum depression and helps to maintain a healthy body weight. Diet also has an impact on the health of both mother and baby. It should be balanced, providing the necessary nutrients and taking into account the mother's caloric needs. It is very important to reduce stress due to its negative impact on the mother and child. Summary: Physical activity and a healthy diet directly affect the course of pregnancy and the health of the fetus and baby. Exercise prevents pregnancy complications and other diseases, and maternal nutritional status is critical for fetal growth. During pregnancy, women are exposed to stress, which can be the cause of chronic mental disorders. Depression is the most common mental illness that occurs during pregnancy, which is influenced by various factors. In addition, maternal stress has a negative impact on the child's health, potentially increasing the risk of a number of atopic and non-atopic diseases.

The Influence of Maternal Lifestyle Factors on Human Breast Milk Microbial Composition: A Narrative Review.

Human breast milk (HBM) is considered the gold standard for infant nutrition due to its optimal nutrient profile and complex composition of cellular and non-cellular components. Breastfeeding positively influences the newborn's gut microbiota and health, reducing the risk of conditions like gastrointestinal infections and chronic diseases (e.g., allergies, asthma, diabetes, and obesity). Research has revealed that HBM contains beneficial microbes that aid gut microbiota maturation through mechanisms like antimicrobial production and pathogen exclusion. The HBM microbiota composition can be affected by several factors, including gestational age, delivery mode, medical treatments, lactation stage, as well as maternal lifestyle habits (e.g., diet, physical activity, sleep quality, smoking, alcohol consumption, stress level). Particularly, lifestyle factors can play a significant role in shaping the HBM microbiota by directly modulating the microbial composition or influencing the maternal gut microbiota and influencing the HBM microbes through the enteromammary pathway. This narrative review of current findings summarized how maternal lifestyle influences HBM microbiota. While the influence of maternal diet on HBM microbiota is well-documented, indicating that dietary patterns, especially those rich in plant-based proteins and complex carbohydrates, can positively influence HBM microbiota, the impact of other lifestyle factors is poorly investigated. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle during pregnancy and breastfeeding is crucial for the health of both mother and baby. Understanding how maternal lifestyle factors influence microbial colonization of HBM, along with their interactions and impact, is key to developing new strategies that support the beneficial maturation of the infant's gut microbiota.

ANALISIS GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM FAKTOR RISIKO BAYI BERAT BADAN LAHIR RENDAH (BBLR) PADA IBU HAMIL DENGAN MALARIA: STUDI KASUS

Papua has the highest rate of malaria cases among all provinces in Indonesia. Malaria is a scourge, especially among vulnerable groups, including pregnant women. Pregnant women with malaria increase the risk of giving birth to Low Birth Weight (LBW). This study aimed to analyze geographic information system risk factors for LBW in pregnant women with malaria. This research method was observational analytics using a matched case-control design. The study encompassed pregnant women residing in the Sentani health center working area, who were both afflicted with and unaffected by malaria, and sought outpatient care at the health center. With a population of 104 pregnant woman, and the sample used was the Total sampling technique. This study found that the distribution of LBW cases tends to increase if there are many malaria incidents in the area. The distribution pattern of malaria cases shows a tendency to gather in areas with high rainfall, areas with low air humidity and areas with high air temperatures, namely Nolokla and Asei Villages. To maintain the health of mothers and babies and avoid possible risks, it is necessary to increase supervision and vigilance in the months where the intensity of rain increases, namely from November to March, where rainfall is also related to humidity and temperature so that it affects the sustainability of mosquito larvae habitat

Reproductive Justice: A Framework for Improving Maternal Mental Health

The United States has the highest rate of maternal deaths compared to any high-income country, with the highest rate for Black women. Mental health conditions such as Perinatal Mood and Anxiety Disorders (PMAD) are the most common complication during the perinatal period and the leading cause of pregnancy-related death in the U.S. Nurses following a Reproductive Justice framework can improve perinatal mental health outcomes. The purpose of this article is to review the current maternal mental health crisis through the lens of the Reproductive Justice movement. By utilizing the three Reproductive Justice principles as a framework, this article will identify action steps that nurses can take today to help create a culture of health for mothers and babies.

The Importance of Motivational Interviewing Technique in Providing Breastfeeding Motivation in the Postpartum Period

Breastfeeding is an important period in terms of mother and baby health. In order to benefit from breast milk at the maximum level during the breastfeeding process, it is important for the mother to start breastfeeding as soon as possible after birth and to be able to maintain breastfeeding. In this process, physiological, psychological, social and motivational factors have an effect on the continuity and maintenance of breastfeeding. If the mother experiences any breastfeeding problem during breastfeeding, her motivation to breastfeed may decrease. In recent studies, breastfeeding trainings have been applied with different techniques to encourage mothers to breastfeed during the breastfeeding process, to support them to feel competent and strong in this process and to increase their motivation for breastfeeding, adapted to their individual needs. One of these techniques is the motivational interview technique. Motivational interviewing technique has a supportive role in helping mothers to adapt to the breastfeeding process, to determine their attitudes towards breastfeeding, to address their lack of knowledge about breastfeeding, their concerns about this process, to increase their confidence and intrinsic motivation about breastfeeding, and to continue breastfeeding by helping behaviour change when necessary. In this article, the importance of motivational interviewing technique in providing breastfeeding motivation in the postnatal period is explained.

Does Breast Feeding Protect Mothers From Obesity?

Hepatosteatosis, which we frequently observe today with change in lifestyle, is often unnoticed, but preventable and reversible; if not prevented, it can lead to serious comorbidities. There is contradicting evidence in the literature; we believe that breastfeeding has a protective effect on hepatosteatosis. In this cross-sectional study we conducted, we aimed to examine the relationship between breastfeeding duration, metabolic parameters and fatty liver. We examined the data of 135 patients aged 20-40 years who have had at least one pregnancy and were admitted to our polyclinic. Forty-five healthcare staff who never breastfed were included in the control group. Measurements of height and weight were taken, and number of children and total breastfeeding time were questioned. Blood values were measured to calculate insulin resistance, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) fibrosis score and Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score. Consequently, there was no significant correlation between total breastfeeding time and body mass index (BMI), NAFLD fibrosis score, Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) value and hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C). When two groups were formed as patients breastfeeding for less than six months and patients breastfeeding for more than six months, a significant difference in BMI was observed between these two groups (p: 0.02). There was a significant relationship between BMI and NAFLD (p: 0.00) and HOMA-IR (p: 0.00). It was observed that there was a significant difference between BMI FIB-4 and NAFLD fibrosis scores of the control group and breastfed group. Lactation should be maintained for at least six months for maternal health together with the baby's health, and more comprehensive studies should be conducted for long-term data.

Consistency of the Non-Invasive Monitoring Preemie Car Seat (PreeCASE) Device in Assessing Heart Rate, SpO2 Level, and Body Temperature of the Infants

Advancements in technology have made pulse oximeter devices the preferred choice for parents monitoring their baby's health. However, existing devices present challenges for infants, especially preemies, who need continuous monitoring after being discharged from the hospital. Using conventional baby car seats with wired connections and unstable external vital sign monitors may lead to inaccurate data readings. To resolve this issue, the non-invasive monitoring preemie car seat (PreeCASE) device is well-developed. In this study, we focus on investigating the consistency of the PreeCASE device in assessing the heart rate, SpO2 level, and body temperature of healthy infants. For the methods, ten healthy infants are selected to use the PreeCASE device, and the data is collected and analyzed using standard procedure. The PreeCASE device provides consistent data readings for the three main physiological parameters, heart rate SpO2 level, and body temperature that are displayed on an LCD screen based on the user’s respective levels. The PreeCASE device is precisely designed to facilitate easy and rapid monitoring of infants, especially preemie infants. This innovative device holds significant potential to improve and support pediatricians in effectively caring for infants in Malaysia.

Knowledge and Attitude of Dentists towards Teething and Essential Treatment for Teething Toddlers: A Questionnaire Study

Introduction Tooth eruption is the physiological process of movement of teeth from inside the jaw to their position in functional occlusion in the oral cavity. This process starts on average at 6 months of age and can cause local inflammatory symptoms, as well as signs and symptoms in the general health of babies and children.  Methodology The purpose of the cross-sectional questionnaire study was to assess the knowledge and attitude of dentists toward teething and essential treatment for toddlers. Validated questionnaire on google forms was circulated among the participants via social media. Data from Google forms was entered into excel sheets and SPSS 23 software was used for inferential analysis.  Results Of the 301 dentists assessed, the study included 54.5% females and 45.5% males, mostly general practitioners aged 26-30 years. Of the participants, 99% were aware of teething, with 89.7% encountering patients. Common symptoms were chewing objects (80.4%) and swollen gums (77.1%). Teething occurs at 4- 7 months for 7-8 days. 84.7% recognized eruption problems. 73.4% considered hematoma self-limiting. 82.1% knew pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods. Advice included teething rings (80.7%) and distraction (77.1%). 96% recommended regular dental check-ups. 97.7% felt CDE was needed, and 99.3% wanted better parental guidance on teething management.  Conclusion The results of the present study help conclude that included dentists had good level of knowledge and attitude toward teething of toddlers.