B1 B3 Research Articles

BODIHY based novel AIEgens and directive role of σ–spacers on their reversible mechanochromism

Synthesis of the novel hydrazone based ligands (L1–L3) and their borondifluoride (BF2) complexes (BODIHYs; B1–B3) have been described. The ligands and BODIHYs have been thoroughly characterized by spectroscopic studies (1H NMR, 13C NMR, 11B NMR, 19F NMR, ESI–MS, UV–vis and fluorescence) and structures of L1, L2 and B1–B3 determined by X–ray single crystal analyses. Emission behaviour of these compounds in solution and solid state have been fine tuned by varying the σ–spacers (–O, –S and –SO2). Vital role of various interactions in aggregation induced emission (AIE; B1 and B2), aggregation caused quenching (ACQ; B3) and reversible mechanochromism (B1–B3) have been rationalized by X-ray single crystal analyses. Dual emission band (~484 and 550 nm) for B3 have been attributed to the involvement of the intra-/and intermolecular charge transfer processes. The observed hypsochromic shift in these luminophores (upon grinding) successfully reverted back upon exposure to dichloromethane (CH2Cl2). An analysis of the powder X–ray diffraction (PXRD) pattern, before and after grinding advocated alteration of prevailing crystal packing by the external force as it rescinds the weak intra-/and intermolecular interactions of the molecule.

A Longitudinal Prospective Study: The Effect of Annual Seasonal Transition and Coaching Influence on Aerobic Capacity and Body Composition in Division I Female Soccer Players.

This study assessed how seasonal transitions and coaching influence affect aerobic capacity (AC) and body composition across the annual training cycle (ATC). Eleven division 1 female soccer players were tested after five predesignated time blocks (B1–B5): post-season 2016 (B1), nine-week transition (B2), spring season (B3), pre-season (B4), and post-season 2017 (B5). Height, weight, and body composition (fat-free mass (FFM)) were measured prior to a standardized 5 min treadmill running and dynamic movement warm up before a maximal AC test. Statistical analysis included a 4 × 5 repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) (dependent variable × time) with the Fishers Least Significant Difference (LSD) post-hoc test when relevant; data are presented as mean ± standard deviation, effect size (ES), and percent change (%). The statistical analysis revealed that the ATC had a significant main effect on AC and FFM (F3,4 2.81, p = 0.001; η2 = 0.22). There were significant increases in AC across the transition period (B1–B2) with reduced training volume (∆ + 12.9%, p = 0.001; ES = 0.50) while AC and FFM peaked after the spring season with directed concurrent training paired with adequate rest B1–B3 (∆ + 16.4%, p < 0.01; ES = 0.81). AC decreased across the pre-season with indirect training (B3–B4) (∆ − 7.0%, p = 0.02; ES = 0.50) and remained suppressed without change (p > 0.05) across the competitive season (B4–B5). Rest, concurrent training, and directed training positively affected AC, while indirect training and high training loads with little rest negatively affected AC.

Detection and Determination of Fumonisins B1, B2, and B3 Contaminating Japanese Domestic Wine by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Nine domestic wine samples collected from a Japanese winery were examined for the presence of fumonisin B1 (FB1), fumonisin B2 (FB2), and fumonisin B3 (FB3), as well as ochratoxin A (OTA) and ochratoxin B (OTB). Wine samples spiked with 13C-labeled internal standards (13C34-FB1 and 13C20-OTA) were diluted with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) buffer, loaded on immunoaffinity cartridges to purify of fumonisins and ochratoxins, and subjected to liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. The data revealed that the domestic wine samples were possibly contaminated with FB1 and FB3, in addition to FB2, whereas none of the tested wine samples were contaminated with OTA and OTB. These results suggest that Fusarium fungi can be associated with the fumonisin contamination of Japanese domestic wine, whereas Aspergillus niger seems to be frequently reported as the major causal fungus of fumonisin contamination of wine in Europe. Analysis of the intermediate samples during the wine brewing indicated that fumonisin concentrations did not increase during wine production, suggesting that fumonisin contamination did not occur during the brewing process, but was derived from the raw materials of grape berries.

Persulfate activation by modified red mud for the oxidation of antibiotic sulfamethoxazole in water

Different pre-conditioning treatments were evaluated in order to stabilize red mud, a waste product from bauxite processing, for obtaining heterogeneous catalysts (named as B1–B3) that can be employed as suitable activators of sodium persulfate (SPS) for the degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX), a model antibiotic, in water. The presence of Fe3O4 in the composition of the catalysts was found to be a key factor for a suitable activation of SPS, according to the XPS measurements. The oxidation of SMX was successfully fitted to a pseudo-first-order kinetic model (r2 > 0.96), obtaining a 68% removal after 180 min when 0.8 mg/L of SMX was oxidized with 2 g/L of SPS and 2 g/L of catalyst B3. The presence of organic and/or inorganic constituents in the water matrix significantly hindered the degradation rate of SMX, the apparent kinetic constants being from 2 to 3 times lower than that determined in ultrapure water test. The use of ultrasound irradiation coupled to the addition of B3 catalyst improved importantly the SMX oxidation in real aqueous matrices, thus attaining values of removal which almost triplicated the ones obtained in absence of ultrasounds.

The Effect of Different Cement Space on the Fracture Strength of Two Different Types Zirconium CAD/CAM Crowns

Objectives: Evaluate and compare the effect of three different cement space (50um, 70um and 90um) on the fracture strength of (vita zirconia crowns and Ips e-max Zir/cad zirconia crowns). Materials and Methods: An ideal prepared plastic dentoform model of a left maxillary first molar with deep chamfer finish line design was used as a pattern for fabrication master metal die. The model was scanned and the master metal die was milled by CAD/CAM system. Sixty crowns made from two different types of zirconium were fabricated on a metal die and were divided into two major groups (A and B)( 30 crowns for each group) according to the two different types of zirconium being used: Group A: fabricated with vita zirconium crowns ; Group B: fabricated with IPS e-maxZir/CAD crowns. Each group further subdivided into three subgroups (10 crowns constructed with 50 um cement space crowns ) , ( 10 crowns constructed with 70 um cement space crowns ) and (10 crowns constructed with 90um cement space crowns). Results: The results of this study presented that the highest mean value of fracture strength is recorded via Group A1 (3.767± 0.242), followed by GroupA2 (3.266 ± 0.116), Group A3 (2.883 ± 0.085), Group B1 (2.505± 0.155), Group B2 (2 ± 0.141) and Group B3(1.508 ± 0.151) respectively. The data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and HSD testes which revealed highly significant differences (p&lt;0.01) among groups . independent sample t-test result revealed a statistically highly significant difference between subgroups. Conclusion: Vita zirconium crowns is more resistance to fracture than IPS e-max Zir/CAD. (50um cement space) have higher fracture strength than the others.

The synthesis of novel boronate esters and N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-stabilized boronate esters: Spectroscopy, antimicrobial and antioxidant studies

A new class of cheap, easily-synthesizable and modifiable boronate esters (B1–B3) and their corresponding N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC)-stabilized boronate esters (B4–B6) have been synthesized for the first time under toluene reflux using a Dean-Stark apparatus to remove the water by-product. All these newly synthesized boronate compounds were characterized using elemental analysis, and their probable structures were proposed based on 1H, 13C and, 11B NMR, FT-IR, UV–Vis spectral results and LC-MS/MS spectrometry. Antimicrobial activities of the boronate esters (B1–B3) and their corresponding N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC)-stabilized boronate esters (B4–B6) were investigated against 7 bacteria and 3 fungi. The boronate ester (B1) showed the best antimicrobial activity. Besides, boronate ester (B1) with (NHC)-stabilized boronate esters (B5 and B6) showed better antibacterial activity than antibiotics drugs. It has been observed that the (NHC)-stabilized boronate ester (B5) removes the scavenging effect of H2O2+DMSO and stabilizes plasmid DNA at the highest rate when applied alone. Addition, the boronate esters (B1–B3) and their corresponding N-Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC)-stabilized boronate esters (B4–B6) have been tested for the radical scavenging activity of antioxidants. They have meaningful antioxidant activity compared to reference compounds. The results show that 100 μL of the boronate esters had low activity according to standards when DPPH radical removal activities were compared to standards.

Dose- rather than fluence-averaged LET should be used as a single-parameter descriptor of proton beam quality for radiochromic film dosimetry.

PurposeThe dose response of Gafchromic EBT3 films exposed to proton beams depends on the dose, and additionally on the beam quality, which is often quantified with the linear energy transfer (LET) and, hence, also referred to as LET quenching. Fundamentally different methods to determine correction factors for this LET quenching effect have been reported in literature and a new method using the local proton fluence distribution differential in LET is presented. This method was exploited to investigate whether a more practical correction based on the dose‐ or fluence‐averaged LET is feasible in a variety of clinically possible beam arrangements.MethodsThe relative effectiveness (RE) was characterized within a high LET spread‐out Bragg peak (SOBP) in water made up by the six lowest available energies (62.4–67.5 MeV, configuration “b1”) resulting in one of the highest clinically feasible dose‐averaged LET distributions. Additionally, two beams were measured where a low LET proton beam (252.7 MeV) was superimposed on “b1”, which contributed either 50% of the initial particle fluence or 50% of the dose in the SOBP, referred to as configuration “b2” and “b3,” respectively. The proton LET spectrum was simulated with GATE/Geant4 at all measurement positions. The net optical density change differential in LET was integrated over the local proton spectrum to calculate the net optical density and therefrom the beam quality correction factor. The LET dependence of the film response was accounted for by an LET dependence of one of the three parameters in the calibration function and was determined from inverse optimization using measurement “b1.” This method was then validated on the measurements of “b2” and “b3” and subsequently used to calculate the RE at 900 positions in nine clinically relevant beams. The extrapolated RE set was used to derive a simple linear correction function based on dose‐averaged LET (Ld) and verify the validity in all points of the comprehensive RE set.ResultsThe uncorrected film dose deviated up to 26% from the reference dose, whereas the corrected film dose agreed within 3% in all three beams in water (“b1”, “b2” and “b3”). The LET dependence of the calibration function started to strongly increase around 5 keV/μm and flatten out around 30 keV/μm. All REs calculated from the proton fluence in the nine simulated beams could be approximated with a linear function of dose‐averaged LET (RE = 1.0258−0.0211 μm/keV Ld). However, no functional relationship of RE‐ and fluence‐averaged LET could be found encompassing all beam energies and modulations.ConclusionsThe film quenching was found to be nonlinear as a function of proton LET as well as of the dose‐averaged LET. However, the linear relation of RE on dose‐averaged LET was a good approximation in all cases. In contrast to dose‐averaged LET, fluence‐averaged LET could not describe the RE when multiple beams were applied.

In Vitro Fumonisin Biosynthesis and Genetic Structure of Fusarium verticillioides Strains from Five Mediterranean Countries.

Investigating the in vitro fumonisin biosynthesis and the genetic structure of Fusarium verticillioides populations can provide important insights into the relationships between strains originating from various world regions. In this study, 90 F. verticillioides strains isolated from maize in five Mediterranean countries (Italy, Spain, Tunisia, Egypt and Iran) were analyzed to investigate their ability to in vitro biosynthesize fumonisin B1, fumonisin B2 and fumonisin B3 and to characterize their genetic profile. In general, 80% of the analyzed strains were able to biosynthesize fumonisins (range 0.03–69.84 μg/g). Populations from Italy, Spain, Tunisia and Iran showed a similar percentage of fumonisin producing strains (>90%); conversely, the Egyptian population showed a lower level of producing strains (46%). Significant differences in fumonisin biosynthesis were detected among strains isolated in the same country and among strains isolated from different countries. A portion of the divergent FUM1 gene and of intergenic regions FUM6-FUM7 and FUM7-FUM8 were sequenced to evaluate strain diversity among populations. A high level of genetic uniformity inside the populations analyzed was detected. Apparently, neither geographical origin nor fumonisin production ability were correlated to the genetic diversity of the strain set. However, four strains from Egypt differed from the remaining strains.

The evolution of Post-Operative Pancreatic Fistula (POPF) classification: a single-center experience.

Abstract Background The ISGPS classification of post-operative pancreatic fistula (POPF) was recently revised, introducing the concept of biochemical leak (BL) which replaced grade A POPF. More recently, an additional distinction on three different subclasses for grade B (B1–B3) POPF was proposed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of these modifications in clinical practice. Methods All pancreatico-duodenectomies (PD) and distal pancreatectomies (DP) performed between 2010 and 2016 were retrospectively evaluated. Incidence and grade of POPF using the old and new ISGPS classification were evaluated. Three grade B subclasses (B1: maintenance of abdominal drain >3 weeks; B2: adoption of specific medical treatments for POPF; B3: use of radiological procedures) were evaluated for clinical severity. Results A total of 716 patients (502 PD, 214 DP) were evaluated. The new ISGPS classification reduced the reported rate of POPF (30.7% vs 35.2% for PD, p > 0.05; 28% vs 44.9% for DP, p Conclusions The new ISGPS classification significantly reduces the reported rate of POPF, particularly after DP. The three different grade B subclasses (B1–B3) better discriminate the severity of post-operative course, especially after PD.

5-Fluorouracil-Induced hepatic perturbation: Protective potential of selenium

Background: Hepatotoxicity is a serious adverse effect that has characterized the therapeutic use of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Selenium (Se) has shown potential therapeutic benefits in animal models of some diseases. Aim: This study assessed the ability of Se to protect against hepatotoxicity induced by 5-FU in albino rats. Materials and Methods: Adult male albino rats (n = 40) were grouped and used. Group A (Control) was treated with normal saline (0.2 mL) intraperitoneally (i. p.) daily for 5 days. Group B (B1–B3) was treated with Se (0.125, 0.25, and 0.50 mg/kg i. p.) daily for 5 days, respectively. Group C was treated with 5-FU (20 mg/kg i. p.) daily for 5 days. Group D (D1–D3) was supplemented with Se (0.125, 0.25, and 0.50 mg/kg i. p) before treatment with 5-FU (20 mg/kg i. p.) daily for 5 days, respectively. After treatment, the rats were anesthetized; blood samples were collected for serum biochemical assessments. Liver was evaluated for biochemical parameters and histology. Results: Liver and serum aminotransferases, gamma-glutamyl transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, and conjugated bilirubin levels were significantly (P

MT volume 28 issue 1 Cover and Back matter

Journal Article MT volume 28 issue 1 Cover and Back matter Get access Microscopy Today, Volume 28, Issue 1, 1 January 2020, Pages b1–b3, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1551929519001111 Published: 01 January 2020

Высокопрочное вяжущее на основе жидкого стекла для бесцементного полистиролбетона

This research set out to obtain a high-strength binder based on low-energy liquid glass using silica fume produced in the Bratsk Ferroalloy Plant. The starting materials used for the development of polystyrene concrete were liquid glass obtained from silica fume using sol-gel technology, fly ash, screening from diabase crushing, ground channel quartz sand and foamed polystyrene granules. Math-ematical processing of the results was performed using the Statistica 10 software package in the mod-ule of planned experiment. According to the conducted analysis, the resulting material corresponds to the strength characteristics of concrete classes B1–B3 with an average density of 400–600 kg/m3. In comparison with polystyrene concrete based on cement, foamed polystyrene concrete based on the developed complex binder has half the shrinkage strain. This can be explained by the reduced water-absorbing capacity and hydraulic activity of the hardened binder, which ensures the stability of the block sizes during long-term operation. The results of determining the thermal conductivity show the effec-tiveness of polystyrene concrete as a heat insulator. Based on the optimized composition of the binder die, filled light concretes were obtained using foamed polystyrene boulder from recycled packaging ma-terials. Effective heat-insulating and heat-insulating structural concretes of D400–D600 density grades characterized byan increased stability of geometric dimensions were obtained.

Periodontitis and intake of thiamine, riboflavin and niacin among Korean adults.

Adequate intake of vitamin B complex could be prerequisite to health. However, few studies have been reported on the association of thiamine (vit B1 ), riboflavin (vit B2 ) and niacin (vit B3 ) with periodontal health. This study described the association between periodontal health and dietary vit B1 , vit B2 and vit B3 intake in the Korean population. A total of 12750 adults aged over 19years were selected for this study as a sub-sample of the national data set from Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (IV and V). Periodontitis and gingivitis were defined as Community Periodontal Index (CPI) scores of 3-4 and 1-2, respectively. Information on dietary vit B1 , vit B2 and vit B3 intake was from 24-hour dietary recall method. Multivariable complex logistic regression analyses estimated association between vit B1 , vit B2 and vit B3 intakes and periodontal health after adjusting for various potential confounders. Stratified analyses by age, sex, dyslipidemia and total energy intake were also undertaken. The overall estimated prevalence of periodontitis (CPI 3-4) and gingivitis (CPI 1-2) was 29.9% and 46.6%, respectively. Our data showed none of the inadequate intake of vit B1 , vit B2 and B3 showed significant association with gingivitis after adjusting for potential confounders. Inadequate intake of vit B3 showed higher prevalence odds of periodontitis by 1.25 times (adjusted odds ratio=1.25, 95% CI=1.07-1.46). The association of vit B3 with periodontitis was stronger in females and participants aged 40-59years. Inadequate dietary intake of vit B3 was associated with periodontitis.

Composition of forage and grain from genetically modified DP202216 maize is equivalent to non-modified conventional maize (Zea mays L.)

ABSTRACTDP202216 maize was genetically modified to increase and extend the expression of the zmm28 gene relative to native zmm28 gene expression, resulting in plants with enhanced grain yield potential. Standard nutritional and compositional parameters for maize grain and forage (e.g., proximates, fiber, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, anti-nutrients, secondary metabolites) from DP202216 maize were compared to grain and forage from non-modified near-isoline maize (control). Three amino acids (glycine, methionine, and serine) and two vitamins (vitamin B1 and vitamin B3) were statistically different between DP202216 and control maize grain but were not statistically different when adjusted using the false discovery rate method. These analyte values also fell within the ranges of natural variation of non-modified commercial maize varieties supporting that statistical differences were not biologically relevant. The composition of grain and forage from DP202216 maize is comparable to grain and forage from non-modified maize with a history of safe use.

The evolution of post-operative pancreatic fistula (POPF) classification: A single-center experience

BackgroundThe ISGPS classification of post-operative pancreatic fistula (POPF) was recently revised, introducing the concept of biochemical leak (BL) which replaced grade A POPF. More recently, an additional distinction on three different subclasses for grade B (B1–B3) POPF was proposed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of these modifications in clinical practice. MethodsAll pancreatico-duodenectomies (PD) and distal pancreatectomies (DP) performed between 2010 and 2016 were retrospectively evaluated. Incidence and grade of POPF using the old and new ISGPS classification were evaluated. Three grade B subclasses (B1: maintenance of abdominal drain >3 weeks; B2: adoption of specific medical treatments for POPF; B3: use of radiological procedures) were evaluated for clinical severity. ResultsA total of 716 patients (502 PD, 214 DP) were evaluated. The new ISGPS classification reduced the reported rate of POPF (30.7% vs 35.2% for PD, p > 0.05; 28% vs 44.9% for DP, p < 0.05), due to the abolition of grade A POPF. Grade B1, B2 and B3 rates were 3.1%, 73.8% and 23.1% in PD and 12.3%, 47.4% and 40.3% in DP, respectively. Passing from B1 to B3, significant increases in wound infection (0–40%), mean length of stay in PD (14.7–22.5 days; p < 0.05) and readmission rate in DP (0–39.1%) were observed. ConclusionsThe new ISGPS classification significantly reduces the reported rate of POPF, particularly after DP. The three different grade B subclasses (B1–B3) better discriminate the severity of post-operative course, especially after PD.

MT volume 27 issue 2 Cover and Back matter

Journal Article MT volume 27 issue 2 Cover and Back matter Get access Microscopy Today, Volume 27, Issue 2, 1 March 2019, Pages b1–b3, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1551929518001360 Published: 01 March 2019

Multimodality therapy for thymoma patients with pleural dissemination.

Although multidisciplinary treatment is recommended for patients with advanced stage and recurrent thymoma, a detailed treatment strategy remains controversial. We have performed a multimodality therapy of induction chemotherapy (CAMP therapy: cisplatin, doxorubicin, and methylprednisolone) combined with surgery for those patients. We now conducted a retrospective study for investigating the results of this multimodality therapy for thymoma patients with pleural dissemination. Between 2003 and 2017, 201 patients underwent surgical resection for thymomas. Twenty-six of them received induction CAMP therapy followed by surgery, and 19 of them with pleural dissemination were enrolled in this study. Those cohort were divided into 2 groups by employing surgical procedures: extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP) group (n = 10) and resection of plural dissemination (RPD) group (n = 9). The median age of all patients was 49years. Based on the WHO classification, the histological diagnoses of those thymomas were as follows: Type B1 (n = 1), Type B2 (n = 13), and Type B3 (n = 5). Seven patients were complicated with myasthenia gravis (MG). Clinical stage of the 13 primary cases based on the Masaoka classification were stage IV, and the remaining six cases had recurrent pleural dissemination after surgery. Partial response in induction CAMP therapy was obtained in 78.9% (n = 15) of the patients. Adverse events (Grade 4) occurred in 2 patients (10.5%). Postoperative complications (Grade 4) were observed in 2 patients (10.5%). In all of the enrolled patients, the five-year overall survival rate (5Y-OS) and 5-year progression-free survival rate (5Y-PFS) were 76.7% and 55.1%, respectively. In the EPP group, 5Y-OS and 5Y-PFS were 83.3% and 83.3%, respectively, and in the RPD group, 70.0% and 29.6%, respectively. Multidisciplinary treatment using induction CAMP therapy and surgical resection for thymoma patients with pleural dissemination was effective and feasible. Because of the low recurrent rate of disease, young patients with good cardiopulmonary function and well-controlled MG might be good candidates for EPP.

Amino Acid Thioesters Exhibit Inhibitory Activity against B1-B3 Subclasses of Metallo-β-lactamases.

Superbug infection caused by metallo-β-lactamases (MβLs) is a global public health threat. Previous studies reported that the thioesters specifically inhibited the B3 subclass MβL L1. In this work, nine amino acid thioesters 1-9 were synthesized, the activity evaluation revealed that all of these molecules exhibited broad-spectrum inhibitory efficacy against ImiS, IMP-1, NDM-1, and L1, with IC50 values range of 0.02-54.9 µM (except 5 and 7 on NDM-1), and 1 was found to be the best inhibitor with IC50 range of 0.02-16.63 µM. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays showed that thioesters 1, 5 and 9 restored 2-32-fold antibacterial activity of cefazolin and/or imipenem against both Escherichia coli BL21 and DH10B strain expressing ImiS, L1, IMP-1 and NDM-1 (except 5 on NDM-1), and also, thioester 1 increased 2-4-fold antimicrobial activity of cefazolin on two clinical strains Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae producing NDM-1. Stability evaluation indicated that thioester 1 was partially hydrolysed by MβLs to be converted into the mercaptoacetic acid, revealing that the thioester and its hydrolysate mercaptoacetic acid jointly inhibit MβLs. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) monitoring showed that thioester 1 exhibited dose-dependent inhibition on four MβLs tested, and the binding of 1/L1 showed mainly enthalpy driven, while 1/NDM-1 was found to be more entropy driven. Docking studies suggested that 1 bound to Zn(II) ion(s) preferentially via its carboxylate group, while other moieties interacted mostly with the conserved active site residues.

MAM volume 25 issue 1 Cover and Back matter

Journal Article MAM volume 25 issue 1 Cover and Back matter Get access Microscopy and Microanalysis, Volume 25, Issue 1, 1 February 2019, Pages b1–b3, https://doi.org/10.1017/S1431927619000205 Published: 01 February 2019

Research on Magnetic Field Distribution and Characteristics of a 3.7 kW Wireless Charging System for Electric Vehicles under Offset

A 3.7 kW resonant wireless charging system (WCS) is proposed to realize the energy transmission for electric vehicles. In addition to designing the electrical modules functionally, coupling coils are designed and verified by physical prototype, which guarantees the accuracy of coils and subsequent simulations. Then, we focus on the magnetic field distribution of coupling coils in the vehicle environment. Four points (A1, A2, A3, A4) in different regions and three points (the head B1, chest B2 and cushion B3) in the driving seat are helped to measure the magnetic field strength. The magnetic field distribution of coils under five offsets of 60 mm, 120 mm, 180 mm, 240 mm and 300 mm are analyzed theoretically and simulated correspondingly. The simulation results indicate that the magnetic field strength of test points are within the limits, but the strength at A3 is larger than 30.4 A/m required by SAE J2954 at 40% offset and 50% offset. Taking into account the composition of the actual magnetic field, the magnetic field distribution due to side-band and odd harmonic current are also obtained. An experimental bench for the proposed 3.7 kW WCS is built to validate the rightness and feasibility of the simulated scheme. The results of simulation and experiments of magnetic field distribution have less error and are often in good agreement.