We have developed a neutron detection system for muon catalyzed fusion (μCF) experiments at the RIKEN-RAL Muon Facility (Nagamine et al., Hyperfine Interactions 85 (1994) 343; 101/102 (1996) 521), where the world's strongest pulsed muon beam is available. This system has been used in μCF experiments (separately reported (Ishida et al., Hyperfine Interactions 118 (1999) 203; Kawamura et al., Hyperfine Interactions 118 (1999) 213; Kawamura et al., Phys. Lett. B 465 (1999) 74; Matsuzaki et al., Hyperfine Interactions 118 (1999) 229; Nakamura et al., Hyperfine Interactions 118 (1999) 209; Nakamura et al., Phys. Lett. B 473 (2000) 226)) in order to detect a 14.1 MeV neutron emitted through a muon catalyzed dt-fusion process, and to determine the neutron yield ( Y n) and the neutron disappearance rate ( λ n), which are the most fundamental observable quantities in the μCF study. Although the utilization of an intense pulsed muon beam is essential for X-ray detection against a huge bremsstrahlung background from tritium β-decay (Nagamine et al., Hyperfine Interactions 85 (1994) 343; 101/102 (1996) 521), a large number of emitted neutrons cause a pileup event in the detection system. We developed the neutron detection system, which had sufficient performance to determine Y n and λ n even in such a condition.