Axis Motors Research Articles

Using Ensembles for Accurate Modelling of Manufacturing Processes in an IoT Data-Acquisition Solution

The development of complex real-time platforms for the Internet of Things (IoT) opens up a promising future for the diagnosis and the optimization of machining processes. Many issues have still to be solved before IoT platforms can be profitable for small workshops with very flexible workloads and workflows. The main obstacles refer to sensor implementation, IoT architecture, and data processing, and analysis. In this research, the use of different machine-learning techniques is proposed, for the extraction of different information from an IoT platform connected to a machining center, working under real industrial conditions in a workshop. The aim is to evaluate which algorithmic technique might be the best to build accurate prediction models for one of the main demands of workshops: the optimization of machining processes. This evaluation, completed under real industrial conditions, includes very limited information on the machining workload of the machining center and unbalanced datasets. The strategy is validated for the classification of the state of a machining center, its working mode, and the prediction of the thermal evolution of the main machine-tool motors: the axis motors and the milling head motor. The results show the superiority of the ensembles for both classification problems under analysis and all four regression problems. In particular, Rotation Forest-based ensembles turned out to have the best performance in the experiments for all the metrics under study. The models are accurate enough to provide useful conclusions applicable to current industrial practice, such as improvements in machine programming to avoid cutting conditions that might greatly reduce tool lifetime and damage machine components.

Coordinate Measuring Machine Retrofit and Technological Upgradation

Planned To Import Axis Motors and Air Bearing From U.S. •Planned To Import 5axis Probe Head, Probe Head & Machine Controller, 5 Axis Measurement Software From U.K. •Machine Axis X-900mm, Y-1200mm, Z-800mm, A -115°To 115°, B- Infinity Position. •Being Five Axis Technologies We Can Minimize the Measurement Time By 70%, So Throughput Of The Machine Can Be Increased. •Being Five Axis Technologies We Can Rotate The Probe Head With Infinite Positions Which Can Minimize The Stylus Calibration & Increases Machine Accuracy. •CMM Retrofit, Technological Upgradation & Calibration Cost Will Come Around 80 Lakhs.

Real-time inclusive investigations for the selection of servo drive system of CNC machining centers

The capacity of modern computer numeric control (CNC) machine tool builds on the machine design (structural rigidity, drive system, control looping, etc.), machining process (cutting speed, feed rate and cutting forces) and environment (temperature and vibrations).The linear drive system of CNC machines consists of ball screw and its associated components. The servomotor drives the feed drive system in control conditions at required speed, and providing feedback to controller of the machine. Feed drive system is responsible for the performance of linear axis of machine. The performance indicators include positioning accuracy, repeatability and backlash. The required accuracy on workpiece relies on the torque/power of axis motors. The objective of this article is to derive an equation for the computation of torque for the feed drive system of CNC machines. We have proposed two simple and easiest method of computing torque. Firstly, we computed the torque required for the running of linear axis of machine under load conditions by the first method. Secondly, the verification of computed torque has been done by the second method. Thirdly, we have analyzed three major factors like rapid rate, weight over the system and lead of ball screw to study the behavior of torque. Finally, analytical estimations have been carried out for the validation of the deployed method.

Torque Optimal Allocation Strategy of All-Wheel Drive Electric Vehicle Based on Difference of Efficiency Characteristics between Axis Motors

All-wheel drive is an important technical direction for the future development of pure electric vehicles. The difference in the efficiency distribution of the shaft motor caused by the optimal load matching and motor manufacturing process, the traditional torque average distribution strategy is not applicable to the torque distribution of the all-wheel drive power system. Aiming at the above problems, this paper takes the energy efficiency of power system as the optimization goal, proposes a dynamic allocation method to realize the torque distribution of electric vehicle all-wheel drive power system, and analyzes and verifies the adaptability of this optimization algorithm in different urban passenger vehicle working cycles. The simulation results show that, compared with the torque average distribution method, the proposed method can effectively solve the problem that the difference of the efficiency distribution of the two shaft motors in the power system affects the energy consumption of the power system. The energy consumption rate of the proposed method is reduced by 5.96% and 5.69%, respectively, compared with the average distribution method under the China urban passenger driving cycle and the Harbin urban passenger driving cycle.

Comparison of the steady-state performance of hydrostatic drives used in the rotary head of the drill machine

This article presents a comparative analysis of steady-state behavior of hydrostatic drives of a drill machine used in mining application. Usually, a closed-circuit hydrostatic drive rotates the cutter head (drill bit) of a drill machine through its rotary head. In this respect, performance investigation of two such alternative drives is carried out through modeling, simulation and experimentation. One of the drives comprises a variable displacement pump and two high speed low torque (HSLT) bent axis motors with a gear reducer, whereas another one consists of an identical pump and a low speed high torque (LSHT) radial piston motor. To simulate the hydrostatic drives, the bondgraph models are made, where various losses are considered as resistive elements. Considering the characteristics of the losses obtained experimentally, the predicted performances of the systems obtained through simulation are validated with the test data. The dependencies of the losses on the pump displacement and the load torque on the drives are also analyzed. The characteristics of the drives with respect to the operating speed range of the drill machine used in mining operation are studied at different torque levels. On the basis of the results obtained, suitability of the hydrostatic drives for the rotary head of the drill machine is also discussed for different rock characteristics.

A design of toxic gas detecting security robot car based on wireless path-patrol

Because a toxic gas detecting/monitoring system in a chemical plant is not movable, a gas detecting/monitoring system will be passive and the detecting range will also be constrained. This invention is an active multi-functional wireless patrol car that can substitute for humans that inspect a plant's security. In addition, to widen the monitoring vision within the environment, two motors used to rotate a wireless IPCAM with two axes are presented. Also, to control the robot car's movement, two axis motors used to drive the wheel of the robot car are also installed. Additionally, a toxic gas detector is linked to the microcontroller of the patrol car. The detected concentration of the gas will be fed back to the server pc. To enhance the robot car's patrolling duration, a movable electrical power unit in conjunction with a wireless module is also used. Consequently, this paper introduces a wireless path-patrol and toxic gas detecting security robot car that can assure a plant's security and protect workers when toxic gases are emitted.

Dynamic analysis of a closed-circuit hydrostatic summation drive using bent axis motors

This article investigates the dynamic performance of a closed-circuit hydrostatic summation drive that has been carried out through system modeling and simulation. The proposed drive consists of a variable displacement piston pump and bent axis motors. The performances of the hydrostatic drive have been studied for its two different modes of operations, using single motor and two motors. The changing over of the drive mode is accomplished by on-/off-controlled direction control valve. Bondgraph simulation technique is used to model the hydrostatic drives. The characteristics of the loss coefficients of the drive are obtained from the steady-state model and they are identified through experimental investigation. Using them, the overall dynamic model of the hydrostatic drive has been validated experimentally. With respect to some critical parameters, the performances of the hydrostatic drive have also been studied.

Vision-Based Industrial X-Ray Film Digitizing and Automatic Identification System

In this paper, a set of industrial X-ray film digitizing and automatic identification system is established with machine vision equipment. With this system, the industrial film can be digitalized rapidly and in high space resolution reaching to 860 DPI. The machine vision equipment includes linear CCD, light source, lens, aperture and film-moving machine. The controller is a master-slave mode, which includes a PC as the upper computer and an embedded system as the lower computer. The embedded system is composed by ARM and FPGA modules, which can control four axis motors and transmit an external trigger signals to the CCD in real-time. At last, a series of image processing algorithm is also developed in this paper to identify an industrial film that is captured to test coupling alignment of the casing pipes. The testing accuracy is 0.06mm.

Development of Smart Driving System Using iPod and Its Performance Evaluation for People with Severe Physical Disabilities in the Driving Simulator

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop the adaptive device for severe physical disabilities using smart device in the driving simulator and its performance evaluation. Development of appropriate driving adaptive device for the people with serious physical limitation could contribute to maintain their community mobility. Background: There is lack of adaptive driving devices for the people with disabilities in Korea. However, if smart device systems like iPod and iPhone are used for driving a car, the people with serious physical limitations can improve their community mobility. Method: Both gyroscope and accelerometer from iPod were used to measure the tilted angle of the smart device for driving. Customized Labview program was also used to control three axis motors for steering wheel, accelerator and brake pedals. Thirteen subjects were involved in the experiment for performance evaluation of smart device in simulator. Five subjects had driver licenses. Another four subjects did not have driver licenses. Others were people with disabilities. Results: Average driving score of the normal group with driver license in the simulator increased 46.6% compared with the normal group without driver license and increased 30.4% compared with the disabled group(p 0.05). Conclusion: The normal group with driver license showed significantly higher driving score than other groups. The normal group without driver license and disabled group could improve their driving skills with training in simulator. Application: If follow-up studies would be continued and applied in adapted vehicle for on road environment, many people with more severe disabilities could drive and improve the quality of life.

Focus on nanoscience and nanotechnology

Focus on nanoscience and nanotechnology

A New Method of Field Measurement for Solenoid Magnet

A three-dimensional Hall probe mapping system for measuring the solenoid magnet of the Pohang Light Source (PLS) photo-cathode RF e-gun has been developed. It can map the solenoid field either in Cartesian or in cylindrical coordinates system with a measurement reproducibility better than 0.5 G. The system has three axis motors: one for the azimuthal direction and the other two for the x and the z direction. This architecture makes the measuring system simple to fabricate. The magnetic center was calculated using the measured axial component of the magnetic field, Bz, in a Cartesian coordinate system because the accuracy of the magnetic axis measurement could be improved significantly by using Bz instead of the radial component of magnetic field Br. This paper describes the measurement system and summarizes the measurement results for the solenoid magnet of the PLS photo-cathode RF e-gun.

Coastdown Time as a Mechanical Condition Indicator for Vertical Axis Motors with Grease-Lubricated Ball Bearings

A technique is presented to assess the mechanical condition of vertical axis electric motors equipped with grease-lubricated ball bearings by comparing observed and predicted rotor coastdown times. A theoretical expression for calculating the coastdown time required, as input, a relationship between rotor torque and rotational speed. Torque values derived from existing theory in the literature proved unsatisfactory. Experiments were conducted on four electric motors with varying bearing size and preload, blade configuration and grease lubricant properties to refine the input criteria. Substitution of these empirically derived torque values into the expression then gave acceptable results. Deviation of actual coastdown times from those predicted indicates a probable mechanical problem and need for investigation. Presented at the 33rd Annual Meeting in Dearborn, Michigan, April 17–20, 1978