Awareness Training Program Research Articles

Awareness and practice of road safety measures among college going students in Guntur City

Background and Aim: In most regions of the world the global epidemic of traffic injuries is still increasing. It has been estimated that unless immediate action is taken, road deaths will rise to the fifth leading cause of deaths by 2030. Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs) are the leading cause of death among individuals aged 15 to 29 and second leading cause of mortality among 20-24 years of age. Simple measures such as awareness and practice of road safety measures can effectively reduce the impact of RTAs on the people’s lives. The present study was aimed to assess the awareness levels of road safety measures among college students in Guntur city. Materials and Methods: The present cross sectional study was done among 450 college students. A pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire for evaluation of the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of two-wheeler driving was used. Results: History of using their own vehicles was given by 73.33% of the participants. Only 14.66% have ever attended awareness training program. Only 46% of the participants wear helmet while driving. Conclusion: The level of knowledge regarding road safety measures was satisfactory but interpretation of traffic signs was poor. Strict enforcement of laws and periodic organization of traffic awareness campaigns are essential for checking out risky practices in driving.

Self management interventions for type 2 diabetes in adult people with severe mental illness.

People with severe mental illness are twice as likely to develop type 2 diabetes as those without severe mental illness. Treatment guidelines for type 2 diabetes recommend that structured education should be integrated into routine care and should be offered to all. However, for people with severe mental illness, physical health may be a low priority, and motivation to change may be limited. These additional challenges mean that the findings reported in previous systematic reviews of diabetes self management interventions may not be generalised to those with severe mental illness, and that tailored approaches to effective diabetes education may be required for this population. To assess the effects of diabetes self management interventions specifically tailored for people with type 2 diabetes and severe mental illness. We searched the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) Search Portal, ClinicalTrials.gov and grey literature. The date of the last search of all databases was 07 March 2016. Randomised controlled trials of diabetes self management interventions for people with type 2 diabetes and severe mental illness. Two review authors independently screened abstracts and full-text articles, extracted data and conducted the risk of bias assessment. We used a taxonomy of behaviour change techniques and the framework for behaviour change theory to describe the theoretical basis of the interventions and active ingredients. We used the GRADE method (Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation Working Group) to assess trials for overall quality of evidence. We included one randomised controlled trial involving 64 participants with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. The average age of participants was 54 years; participants had been living with type 2 diabetes for on average nine years, and with their psychiatric diagnosis since they were on average 28 years of age. Investigators evaluated the 24-week Diabetes Awareness and Rehabilitation Training (DART) programme in comparison with usual care plus information (UCI). Follow-up after trial completion was six months. Risk of bias was mostly unclear but was high for selective reporting. Trial authors did not report on diabetes-related complications, all-cause mortality, adverse events, health-related quality of life nor socioeconomic effects. Twelve months of data on self care behaviours as measured by total energy expenditure showed a mean of 2148 kcal for DART and 1496 kcal for UCI (52 participants; very low-quality evidence), indicating no substantial improvement. The intervention did not have a substantial effect on glycosylated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) at 6 or 12 months of follow-up (12-month HbA1c data 7.9% for DART vs 6.9% for UCI; 52 participants; very low-quality evidence). Researchers noted small improvements in body mass index immediately after the intervention was provided and at six months, along with improved weight post intervention. Diabetes knowledge and self efficacy improved immediately following receipt of the intervention, and knowledge also at six months. The intervention did not improve blood pressure. Evidence is insufficient to show whether type 2 diabetes self management interventions for people with severe mental illness are effective in improving outcomes. Researchers must conduct additional trials to establish efficacy, and to identify the active ingredients in these interventions and the people most likely to benefit from them.

Nonemergent Patients in the Emergency Department: An Ethnographic Study.

BackgroundTriage in the interactive atmosphere of the emergency department (ED) has been described as complex and challenging. Nonemergent ED visits have been accompanied by ethical and legal conflicts.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to gain an understanding of ED nurses’ practice regarding triage of nonemergent patients.Patients and MethodsFocused micro-ethnography based on Spradley’s developmental research sequence (DRS) was used. This study was conducted in an emergency department. Data was collected through complete participant observations along with formal and informal interviews, and then analyzed using DRS.ResultsNine key informants were interviewed formally. Four main categories emerged from the nurses’ culture: nonemergent patient as an uninvited guest, nonemergent patient as an elephant in a dark room, nonemergent patient as an aggressive client, and being nonemergency unless at risk of death.ConclusionsProviding care in the emergency department is significantly affected by nonemergent patients, as the emergency department is a place for critically ill patients thus awareness training program is recommended.

Gillon Phonological Awareness Training Programme

Gillon Phonological Awareness Training Programme

Farm Households Livelihood Diversification and Poverty Alleviation in Giwa Local Government Area of Kaduna State, Nigeria

This study was undertaken to determine the effect of livelihood diversification on poverty alleviation in Giwa Local Government Area of Kaduna state, Nigeria. The study utilized primary data collected through a questionnaire administered to 100 respondents selected using purposive and random sampling procedure. Data were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics, the FGT poverty model and Tobit regression model. The result of FGT poverty model revealed that the incidence of poverty among the farming households was 30%, and this implies that 70% of the farm households were non-poor. The result of the Tobit regression showed that livelihood diversification was significant at 1% probability level and was negatively related to the poverty level of the farmers. This implies that a farming household head who engages in a number of livelihood activities has a lower likelihood of being poor. This is on the premise that increase in the number of livelihood activities increases the income of the farmers and invariably their purchasing power and welfare. It is recommended that awareness and skills acquisition training programmes should be established at the grass root by the local government authority to ensure that farmers are not only practising farming as their only means of livelihood but also a wide range of income generating activities to improve their well being.

An Exploratory Study to Assess the Awareness of Drivers and Conductors regarding First Aid Kit in Buses running in Sonipat.

Road traffic accidents (RTA) are increasing in an alarming ways. Globally nearly 1.2 million people killed in RTA during the year 2002. Developing and under-developed countries accounted for 80% of these deaths. The first hand dealers of buses should be well aware of first line treatment so that the morbidity and mortality can be reduced. A non-experimental exploratory research approach was used for the present study. Sample for the present study were 60 drivers and conductors which were selected by selected by simple random sampling. Data collected was from structured interview questionnaire consist of multiple choice questions regarding awareness of first aid kit. Maximum numbers 14 of drivers had average knowledge and very less only 6 drivers had very good knowledge regarding first aid kit in buses running in Sonipat whereas maximum numbers of conductors had average knowledge and very less only 3 conductors had below average knowledge regrading first aid kit in buses running in Sonipat. There are number of Road Traffic accident increasing day by day so the first line of person who will deal with the first line of treatment are drivers and conductors who must be well aware of first aid kit. And the awareness training programme should be there for drivers and conductors so that their knowledge can be improved from average to good level.

Awareness Training Transfer and Information Security Content Development for Healthcare Industry

Electronic Health Record (EHR) becomes increasingly pervasive and the need to safeguard EHR becomes more vital for healthcare organizations. Human error is known as the biggest threat to information security in Electronic Health Systems that can be minimized through awareness training programs. There are various techniques available for awareness of information security. However, research is scant regarding effective information security awareness delivery methods. It is essential that effective awareness training delivery method is selected, designed, and executed to ensure the appropriate protection of organizational assets. This study adapts Holton’s transfer of training model to develop a framework for effective information security awareness training program. The framework provides guidelines for organizations to select an effective delivery method based on the organizations’ needs and success factor, and to create information security content from a selected healthcare’s internal information security policy and related international standards. Organizations should make continual efforts to ensure that content of policy is effectively communicated to the employees.

Effectiveness of a Phonological Awareness Training for Arabic Disabled Reading Children: Insights on Metalinguistic Benefits

We examined the effects of a phonological awareness (PA) training program on word reading and pseudo-word decoding in dyslexic children reading the Arabic language (n=10; age mean= 129.74 months) in comparison to normal readers (n=10; age mean= 126.90 months) from grades 4 and 5. Particular attention was paid to phonological training of two metalinguistic reading related skills: morphological awareness (MA) and rapid automatized naming (RAN), underscored as main predictive metalinguistic factors in Arabic dyslexia (Layes, Lalonde, Mecheri, Rebaï, 2015). The PA training program focused on phoneme/syllable identification, phoneme matching, and word segmentation. The results indicate that the dyslexic group performed significantly better in all post-training measurements, increasing reading, phonological processing, and metalinguistic related skills, which indicates a strong relationship between these variables. The normal group only improved in MA production. These findings are discussed in terms of metalinguistic insights of reading gained through training in phonological awareness.

Measuring the impact of training for the development of women empowerment in Pakistan

This study investigated and heartily focused on the impact of training for the development of women empowerment in Pakistan. Specific objective was to focus on the status of women can be change by providing them different types of trainings. Therefore researcher emphasized on vocational and technical, business development, knowledge sharing, social networking, human rights welfare, and health awareness training programmes. Literature review revealed that training and education are meridian constituents which are directly linked with the women empowerment for their economic growth and are capable to create employment for them by globalization and technological changes. Women empowerment is unique and very important component in this era that plays a significant role to enhance the confidence level of women to contribute in the society. Targeted population was women who live underserved areas in Karachi and different areas of Pakistan. Data was collected from the sample size of 128 .The value of adjusted R2 = 64.2% shows that women empowerment has strong relationship with training that covers all vocational and technical, business development, knowledge sharing, social networking, human rights welfare and health awareness training programmes. For analysis of data statistical tools ANOVA, Sample t test and regression analysis were used. The results were highly significant. This study was limited to women of Karachi and different cities of Pakistan. It had limitations due to time and budget constraints and some of these limitations. This study revealed that status of women was critical in Islamic countries, particularly in Pakistan. It is emphasized that there was a need of training for enhancement of knowledge, skills and abilities of women and helpful for the country for their intellectual capital.

Off Course? A Career in Archaeology Outside of the Academy

Off Course? A Career in Archaeology Outside of the Academy

Engaging Employees in Sustainable Development – a Case Study of Environmental Education and Awareness Training in Hong Kong

AbstractEnvironmental education and awareness training can help to develop and encourage a transition to a greener corporate culture. A series of environmental education and awareness training programmes of The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited (HSBC) (Hong Kong) was used as a case study to assess how learning transfers through nature‐based environmental education and awareness training and to investigate the possible outcomes of providing nature‐based training to employees. Evaluation of the training outcomes, in terms of changes in employees’ environmental knowledge, attitudes and behaviour, was surveyed by using retrospective post‐ and then‐test questionnaires. Results showed that employees who joined these programmes gained knowledge and changed their values and behaviour towards the environment significantly. The study also indicated the establishment of trust in and satisfaction with the organization among employees through the training, which in turn promoted employees’ organizational commitment towards corporate sustainability. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment

Irregular working hours and fatigue of cabin crew.

Beyond workload and specific environmental factors, flight attendants can be exposed to irregular working hours, conflicting with their circadian rhythms and having a negative impact in sleep, fatigue, health, social and family life, and performance which is critical to both safety and security in flight operations. This study focuses on the irregular schedules of cabin crew as a trigger of fatigue symptoms in a wet lease Portuguese airline. The aim was to analyze: what are the requirements of the cabin crew work; whether the schedules being observed and effective resting timeouts are triggering factors of fatigue; and the existence of fatigue symptoms in the cabin crew. A questionnaire has been adapted and applied to a sample of 73 cabin crew-members (representing 61.9% of the population), 39 females and 34 males, with an average age of 27.68 ± 4.27 years. Our data indicate the presence of fatigue and corresponding health symptoms among the airline cabin crew, despite of the sample favorable characteristics. Senior workers and women are more affected. Countermeasures are required. Recommendations can be made regarding the fatigue risk management, including work organization, education and awareness training programmes and specific countermeasures.

Information Security: SETA Program Status at Jordanian Universities

An information security education awareness training (SETA) program is considered one of the key factors for making the information technology environment more secure and efficient. This research aimed at investigating and determining the status of the SETA program in Jordanian universities. The findings indicated an alarmingly high rate of unawareness of security, with no education and training programs available in the surveyed Jordanian universities. The lack of adequate knowledge and security implementation among the majority of the communities of the surveyed universities showed the need of a well-designed SETA program in Jordanian universities.

The Effect of Online Self-Esteem and Awareness Training Program on University Students

This research was conducted to examine the effect of online, self-esteem and awareness training program on college students. Research, was conducted on 71 subjects from a private university in Istanbul in 2013-2014 academic year. the study group consisted of 16 students that have been selected, among these subjects and eight students have been taken to the experimental group, eight students have been taken to the control group. Students’ self-esteem levels have been evaluated using Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale which was developed by Rosenberg (1965) and was adapted to Turkish by Cuhadaroglu (1986). Control group pre-test post-test model was used as research design. After the pre-test measurements, an online training program consisting of nine sessions has been implemented individuals in the experimental group. During this period, no operation has been conducted with individuals in the control group. One week after the end of sessions the post-test measurements were taken. SPSS 20.0 has been utilized in the statistical analysis of the study data and was tested with the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test. The results obtained from this study have shown that online self-esteem and awareness training program is effective to increase university students’ self-esteem levels..

Maximizing Mindful Learning: Mindful Awareness Intervention Improves Elementary School Students’ Quarterly Grades

This paper discusses results from the first empirical study testing the feasibility and effectiveness of an audio-guided mindful awareness training program on quarterly grade performance in traditional US public elementary schools. Structured as a quasi-experiment, the study demonstrates that a 10-min-per-day, fully automated program significantly enhances students’ quarterly grades in reading and science, compared to a control group, without disrupting teaching operations (N = 191). The intervention utilized a series of guided mindful-based awareness and attention focusing practices as the method for students to engage with social and emotional learning (SEL) concepts, and can thus be called a “mindful-based social emotional learning” (MBSEL) program. The program is innovative because it requires neither expert trainers skilled in mindful awareness nor changes to existing curriculum; thus, it can be considered both teacher-independent and curriculum supportive. The goal of this exploratory study was to facilitate a consistent daily mindful awareness practice that generates improvements in student outcomes for resource- and time-constrained K–12 classrooms in the USA and elsewhere. The authors discuss limitations of this study and suggestions for further research on how to use mindful awareness programs to enhance academic performance both effectively and pragmatically.

Distribution and Indexation of Plant Available Nutrients of District Layyah, Punjab Pakistan

During last five years 2008-09 to 2012-13, a study was conducted to assess the fertility and salinity/sodicity status of district Layyah for the provision of guidelines to farmers and researchers for better crop production. Representative soil samples received/collected from farmers’ fields were analyzed for texture, electrical conductivity (EC), pH, organic matter (O.M) and available phosphorus (P). A total of 31032 soil samples were collected from all tehsils of Layyah district, (15768 samples from tehsil Layyah, 7650 from Karor Lal Eisen, and 7614 from Chaubara). These soil samples were tested in Soil and Water Testing Laboratory Layyah and fertilizer recommendations were served to farmers according to soil and crop. The results showed that, soil texture of 91.18% soil samples was sandy loam (light), 8.53% loam (medium) and 0.29% clayey (heavy). About 99.42% soil samples had EC values within the normal range ( 4 dS m-1). The pH of 88.43% soil samples was up to 8.5 whereas 11.57% had >8.5. Organic matter content of 94.20% soil sample was poor ( 1.29%). Available phosphorus of 67.75% soil sample was poor, ( 14 mg kg-1). Awareness camps, rallies and training programmes can be arranged for farmers regarding the benefits of soil and water testing, balanced use of chemical fertilizers and use of organic agriculture in crop production in improving soil fertility and nutrition status.

Evaluation of a Risk Awareness Perception Training Program on Novice Teen Driver Behavior at Left-Turn Intersections

Collisions at left turn intersections are among the most prevalent types of teen driver serious crashes, with inadequate surveillance as a key factor. Risk awareness perception training (RAPT) has shown effectiveness in improving hazard anticipation for latent hazards. The goal of this study was to determine if RAPT version 3 (RAPT-3) improved intersection turning behaviors among novice teen drivers when the hazards were not latent and frequent glancing to multiple locations at the intersection was needed. Teens aged 16-18 with ≤180 days of licensure were randomly assigned to: 1) an intervention group (n=18) that received RAPT-3 (Trained); or 2) a control group (n=19) that received no training (Untrained). Both groups completed RAPT-3 Baseline Assessment and the Trained group completed RAPT-3 Training and RAPT-3 Post Assessment. Training effects were evaluated on a driving simulator. Simulator (gap selection errors and collisions) and eye tracker (traffic check errors) metrics from six left-turn stop sign controlled intersections in the Simulated Driving Assessment (SDA) were analyzed. The Trained group scored significantly higher in RAPT-3 Post Assessment than RAPT-3 Baseline Assessment (p< 0.0001). There were no significant differences in either traffic check and gap selection errors or collisions among Trained and Untrained teens in the SDA. Though Trained teens learned about hazard anticipation related to latent hazards, learning did not translate to performance differences in left-turn stop sign controlled intersections where the hazards were not latent. Our findings point to further research to better understand the challenges teens have with left turn intersections.

Phonological Awareness Program: A longitudinal study from Preschool to 4thGrade

This study aims to evaluate the effect of phonological awareness training program in preschool performance of 256 children in Funchal, Portugal. This is a longitudinal study from preschool (2005) to 4th grade (2011). It has an experimental design. The sample includes an Experimental Group (132 children) and a Control group (124 children). We pretend to answer the following research question: To what degree does training children in phonological awareness as early as preschool have short-term and long-term effects on the evolution of students' competencies and disciplinary knowledge? A first evaluation done in 2006 on the effects of this program at the end of preschool education revealed that the Experimental Group presented significant improvements when compared to the Control Group on the considered dimensions. In 2011, the Experimental Group presented Math National Test higher significant results when compared to the Control Group. The Experimental Group's Portuguese National Test presented better results than the Control Group one, but not significantly. This seems to indicate that Phonological Awareness Program can bring benefits and prevent long-term math school failure.

Evaluation of Talk Cancer, a cancer awareness training programme for community-based health staff and volunteers

BackgroundCancer Research UK's cancer awareness training programme, Talk Cancer, aims to equip and empower frontline health staff and volunteers to raise cancer awareness and promote health behaviour change in their community. Each interactive workshop aims to increase knowledge of messages around prevention, screening, and early diagnosis, and improve confidence in talking to the public about these issues. This study assessed the effect of workshops conducted across England between April, 2013, and March, 2014. MethodsSurveys before and after each workshop were completed by 346 (73%) of 473 trainees on the same day as training, and 14 in-depth qualitative telephone interviews were conducted with attendees recruited opportunistically. Surveys measured awareness of nine risk factors for cancer and of the three National Health Service cancer screening programmes, associations with the word cancer, and confidence to discuss four cancer-related topics with members of the public. Differences in responses before and after the workshops were analysed with χ2. Interview transcripts were analysed thematically, and themes were independently verified by two researchers. FindingsSurvey data indicated that awareness of all nine risk factors significantly increased (from 28% [67/240] before the workshops to 52% [131/251] after, p<0·0001) as did awareness of all three screening programmes (76% [218/287] to 98% [280/286], p<0·0001). Feeling fairly or very confident to discuss all four cancer-related topics also increased significantly (35% [92/263] to 98% [263/269], p<0·0001). Trainees most commonly associated words related to hope and survival with cancer after the workshops and words related to death and fear before the workshops. Interviewees reported feeling more open to the topic of cancer and more able to initiate and manage conversations about cancer. They also reported learning about the link between lifestyle and cancer and the importance of early diagnosis and said they were disseminating early diagnosis messages. InterpretationTalk Cancer training increased awareness of prevention and early diagnosis and increased confidence to talk about cancer. It helped trainees feel more open about cancer and more able to have conversations with the public, particularly about the importance of early diagnosis. Although post-workshop surveys were completed immediately after the workshops and the sample for interviews was small and self-selected, use of quantitative and qualitative methods helped to verify findings and enrich results. FundingNone.

Cultivating a Resilient Response to Stress through Mindfulness and Cognitive Re-appraisal: A Pilot Randomised Control Trial

The capacity for human service professionals to replenish resilience is important to their health and psychological wellbeing. The current study evaluated a brief Mindful Awareness and Resilience Skills Training (MARST) program designed to enhance mindfulness and positive re-appraisal as psychological mechanisms for increasing resilience, decreasing psychological distress and perceived stress. This program was informed by the Mindful-Cognitive Model of Cultivating Resilience. A sample of 46 human service professionals were randomly allocated to a MARST group or control group. Short term and follow-up training effects were examined using MANOVA. At post-training, the MARST group reported significantly higher levels of resilience, mindfulness and positive re-appraisal compared to the control group. At one-month follow-up, the MARST group reported significantly higher levels of resilience, mindfulness, and positive re-appraisal, and significantly lower levels of perceived stress and psychological distress relative to the control group. The findings provide preliminary support for the efficacy of the MARST program to increase resilience and decrease levels of psychological distress and perceived stress among human services professionals.