Awareness Of Violence Research Articles

Social Work Students’ Awareness of the Phenomenon of Gender Based Violence

This study aimed at investigating the awareness level of social work students of the phenomenon of violence based on gender and their attitudes towards it. The study sample consisted of (476) male and female students. The study followed a research methodology relying on the descriptive analytical approach and adopted the questionnaire as a research tool. The study found that the awareness level of social work students of the phenomenon of violence based on gender was positive, with an average of 3.91 and a standard deviation of 0.77. All of the axis were positive, where the “Concept of gender-based violence” and “Forms of gender-based violence” came first, followed by “Role of social work profession in taking care of women subject to violence”, and “Causes of gender-based violence” came last. In addition, the results of statistical analysis showed that there are no statistically significant differences at the level of significance (  0.05) in the students’ awareness level of the phenomenon of violence based on gender which can be attributed to the study variables (gender, family’s educational level , academic level). According to the study results, the study made the following recommendations:
 - Conducting more research on the awareness of gender-based violence and its effects on other samples and societies employed in the current study.
 - Conducting a study on the role of the family in social upbringing in the shadow of social, cultural, economic and political changes witnessed by societies from time to time.

Awareness of Violence as a Prerequisite for Prevention of Domestic Violence

Domestic violence is widespread in Estonia, – every second violent crime committed in Estonia is a domestic violence crime. Domestic violence offences include offences against the person (except offences against the deceased), robbery and aggravated breach of public order under the Penal Code, violence committed between current or former spouses, cohabiting partners, partners, and it may also include violence between relatives or siblings, irrespective of whether the perpetrator lives or has formerly lived in the same dwelling with the victim. Domestic violence is a human rights problem that undermines people’s right to liberty, security, dignity, mental and physical integrity and non-discrimination. It causes great suffering to the victim and his or her loved ones, and harm to society (medical costs, loss of working capacity, deterioration in people’s quality of life, etc.).
 According to the author, the main prerequisite for the prevention of domestic violence is the awareness of violence as violence. Recognition of violence as such would also contribute to reducing stereotypical attitudes and victim-blaming in society.

“We F—ing Got Osuna”: Examining the Maintenance of Patriarchy and Journalistic Routines in A Major League Baseball Clubhouse

ABSTRACT Elite professional athletes in the NBA, NHL, NFL and MLB have all been accused of domestic violence. This occurs in a cultural arena already predicated on patriarchy and capitalism and rife with toxic masculinity, which combine to create traumatic, gendered realities for women sports journalists and violent and exploitative labor norms for athletes. Through a critical discourse analysis of 76 articles from U.S. newspapers, magazines, and online news sites, this study examines the specific case of a 2019 outburst from Houston Astros assistant general manager Brandon Taubman, who directed pointed praise of an Astros player accused of domestic violence at three female sports journalists, one of whom wore a domestic violence awareness bracelet. By examining news coverage of this prominent incident — and the meta-journalistic discourse that permeated it — this study identified three problematic discursive maneuvers through which journalists avoided directly addressing the topic of patriarchy and its influence in this incident and the wider sports industry, while instead prioritizing issues of journalistic credibility and baseball culture and minimizing domestic violence as strategic distraction.

Kadınların Aile İçinde Yaşanan Şiddete İlişkin Farkındalık Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi

Objective: The study was conducted to examine the awareness levels of women about domestic violence.
 Material and Method: The population of the descriptive study consists of women between the ages of 18-65 residing in Artvin and Osmaniye. The study was completed with 433 participants who met the research criteria. The data were collected using the “Sociodemographic Data Form” and the “Domestic Violence Awareness Scale”.
 Findings: 37,9% of the participants were exposed to family violence. Women reported verbal and emotional violence (21%) as the most common type of violence. 17,8% of women have been exposed to violence by more than one person. The total mean score of Domestic Violence Awareness Scale is 24,15±0,22. A statistically significant difference was found between the age, employment status, education level, marital status, number of children and type of marriage of the woman and her husband, and the total mean score of Domestic Violence Awareness Scale. A statistically significant difference was found between the type of violence and the total mean score of Domestic Violence Awareness Scale. According to this, the total mean score of Domestic Violence Awareness Scale of the women who were exposed to economic violence was found to be statistically significantly higher than the women who were not exposed to domestic violence, who were exposed to verbal emotional violence, and who were exposed to multiple violence.
 Conclusion: In the study, it was determined that women's awareness of domestic violence was at a low level. Factors affecting the awareness of domestic violence and the level of family violence awareness of women should be evaluated; Studies should be carried out to raise awareness about domestic violence and to prevent violence.

Application of AI in Prevention and Awareness of Domestic Violence

Application of AI in Prevention and Awareness of Domestic Violence

The Violated Body of Christ and the Voices of Young Catholic Women: A Call to Ecclesial Action

In the United States, there is growing awareness of violence against women in the aftermath of media coverage of numerous cases of high-profile men implicated in sexual harassment or assault and the viral spread of the “#MeToo” movement. There has not been, however, a corresponding degree of ecclesial attention to the child abuse, sexual harassment, domestic violence, and rape prevalent in our society. The authors recommend the establishment of opportunities for ecclesial listening to women who are survivors of sexual violence. This listening will strengthen the communion of the church and generate constructive recommendations for pastoral ecclesial action. As the ecclesial Body of Christ, the church has both a graced capacity through the power of the Holy Spirit and a moral responsibility to act in response to the body's violation.

Women’s perceptions of domestic, intimate partner violence and the government’s interventions in Nigeria: A qualitative study

Domestic violence, including intimate partner violence, increased exponentially following the Covid-19 pandemic. Nonetheless, there appears to be a paucity of research that draws on a social constructionist theoretical lens to explore women’s perspectives of the Nigerian government’s interventions addressing such violence. The study recruited 24 purposively selected female participants from Delta state, Nigeria. Informed by a social constructionist thematic analysis, findings revealed that they were a perceived sense that law enforcement agencies’ gender-biased response to domestic violence complaints and lack of awareness of legal solutions fuel domestic violence. The study recommends a randomised control trial to test the efficacy of legal education interventions in improving domestic violence awareness in Nigeria.

Gender and Participation in Sexuality Extra-Curricular Education in Primary Schools in Bugiri Municipality, Uganda

The paper intended to investigate the incorporation of gender and sexuality in extra-curricular education among primary schools in Bugiri Municipality with focus on highlighting the significance of sexuality education outside of the classroom, to determine how much gender is considered in extracurricular sexual activities as well as identifying obstacles to gender inclusion in extra-curricular sexuality education. The study was qualitative in nature. Findings indicate that sex education helps reduce teen pregnancy, which can hinder possibilities for school and other aspects of life. It has been shown to be more successful in preventing STDs than education that only stresses abstinence until marriage. Sexually active teens are more likely to postpone their first encounter and take contraception overall. Too many young people get muddled and inconsistent information about relationships and sex. In addition, Sexuality education aims to raise awareness of gender-based violence and advance respect-based human rights for all. Such a position is hypothesized using inclusive and post-structuralist conceptions of gender and sexuality. The fact that these subjects have been handled successfully does not exclude linking them to utterances that can portray them as a potential threat. Further, many schools have created CSE curriculum, but difficulties with program design and roll-out prevent their complete implementation. Issues include ineffective methods for monitoring and evaluating teachers and pupils on CSE. Changes in educational administration (such as a change in the minister) affect implementation strategies. Conclusively, the process of teaching and learning about the cognitive, emotional, physical, and social elements of sexuality is known as comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) it strives to provide knowledge that will enable kids and teenagers to achieve their health, happiness, and dignity. CSE aims to spread awareness of gender violence and to advance respect-based human rights for all.

Legal Education on The Prevention of Criminal Violence In Household During The Covid-19 Pandemic

Introduction: Violence against wives that occurs in the household is not only experienced and found in the public area, but is also very popular in the domestic area which is categorized as a form of violence contained in the Law on the Elimination of Domestic Violence (UU PKDRT).Purposes of Devotion: Providing understanding to the communityin Kawatu Hamlet, West Seram District (SBB), regarding domestic violence and the efforts made to prevent domestic violence. Method of Devotion: The method used is legal counseling to the community about efforts to prevent domestic violence in Kawatu Hamlet, West Seram District (SBB).Results of the Devotion: Implementation of PKM activities in Kawatu Hamlet, West Seram District (SBB) it can be found and it is known that prevention efforts against criminal acts of domestic violence include preventive efforts. This effort is made to build public awareness of domestic violence.

More support, knowledge and awareness are needed to prepare emergency department nurses to approach potential intimate partner violence victims.

Intimate partner violence is a global health issue. In the emergency department, patients seek help for health problems that may be related to exposure to physical, psychological or sexual violence, or controlling behaviour from a current or former partner. Of the many victims that seek care in an emergency department, few are identified, especially among those whose chief complaint is not clearly related to recent physical abuse. Not having all the facts about a patient can jeopardise patient safety and delay treatment. The aim of this study was to describe experiences of caring for adults, subjected to intimate partner violence, from an emergency nurse perspective. A qualitative semi-structured interview study of nine emergency care specialist nurses was conducted using content analysis. Two categories emerged: 'Subtle signs' and 'Not being enough'. The short encounters in emergency care do not allow for deep conversations. The informants highlighted the need for more knowledge about what and how to ask in that specific context. Some mentioned situations where the question had been avoided due to lack of time to handle the answer. The interviews revealed the importance of regular discussions to increase awareness of intimate partner violence and its prevalence among patients. The organisation plays an important role in putting the question about intimate partner violence on the daily agenda and giving time to emergency nurses and other professions for training and reflection.

Associations between knowledge level and attitudes towards cyber-dating abuse and dating violence in nursing students

BackgroundDating violence is an increasing issue among young people and affects them psychologically. It also includes characteristics like controlling and/or monitoring. Cyber-dating abuse is dating violence characterized as harassing another person in a romantic connection via texting or online emails to control, threaten, or stalk them. ObjectivesThis study was conducted to investigate nursing students' knowledge of and attitudes towards dating, dating violence, and cyber-dating violence. DesignThis is a descriptive cross-sectional study. ParticipantsThe sample consisted of 448 nursing students from three universities in Istanbul, Turkey. MethodsData were collected using a Personal Information Form, the Dating Violence Knowledge Form (DVKF), the Dating Violence Scale (DVS), and the Cyber-Dating Abuse Questionnaire (CDAQ). ResultsParticipants had a mean age of 20.9 ± 1.9 years. Most participants were women (83.7 %). More than a quarter of the participants were involved in romantic relationships (30.6 %). Participants had a mean DVKF score of 82.0 ± 9.1. One in ten participants was subjected to dating violence (11.2 %). Participants had a mean DVS score of 4.69 ± 0.25. There was no significant difference in CDAQ scores between participants who used violence (28.3 ± 11.5) and those subjected to violence (27.0 ± 8.9). There was a negative correlation between participants' DVKF and CDAQ scores (p < 0.05). The results showed that participants had a high DVKF score and disapproved of dating violence. Participants with a higher DVKF score were less likely to use or be exposed to cyber violence. ConclusionsIn conclusion, we should develop interventions to strengthen young people's mental health because they are subjected to dating violence. Nurse educators and nurses should also plan interventions to protect young people's mental health and raise their awareness of cyber violence.

Establishing Victim Services in an American Indian Tribal Community: A Needs Assessment.

American Indian/Alaska Native (AIAN) communities experience a disproportionate number of violent crimes compared with other populations. Tribal-based services for victims are lacking on smaller reservations. A needs assessment was conducted for a tribe in the Pacific Northwest addressing this issue. Utilizing a framework of community-based participatory research (CBPR), a survey study was conducted with tribal members and local service providers. Survey A was composed of questions constructed by a tribal working group and Survey B questions were from an existing survey. Tribal members (n = 5) indicated violence was experienced by all and witnessed by 80% of participants. Service providers (n = 17) perceived adequate but underutilization of resources. The presence of violence in the community was confirmed. Services were not routinely accessed by members. Service providers indicated knowledge gaps in the community and cultural barriers for AIAN people. The study raised awareness of violence in AIAN communities and need for additional research.

Awareness of and Attitudes Towards Domestic Violence in Turkish Society

The objective of this study was to identify domestic violence awareness and attitudes towards violence among adult individuals in Turkish society.&#x0D; Materials and Methods. This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted online between September 15, 2021 and November 15, 2021 and included 353 individuals. The data were collected using the snowball sampling method, the Google Forms, the Socio-Demographic Descriptive Information Form, the Domestic Violence Awareness Scale, and the Attitudes Towards Domestic Violence (ADV) Scale. For data analysis, the number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Student’s t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), post hoc (Tukey, LSD) analyses, Cohen’s d and Eta squared (η 2) coefficients, and correlation analysis were used.&#x0D; Results. Most research participants were females (79.0%), with the average age of 30.53 ± 13.11 years. Of all the participants, 56.9% stated that they witnessed domestic violence, 22.7% stated that they experienced violence against women, 8.2% stated that they used violence. While the mean Domestic Violence Awareness Scale score was calculated as 41.09 ± 3.98, the mean score of the ADV Scale was calculated as 20.18 ± 7.82. The scores of domestic violence awareness differed significantly depending on education level (p=0.042; η 2=0.018). The scores of women’s attitude towards domestic violence (19.10) were lower than those in men (24.26) (p=0.05; d=0.684; η2=0.072). Participants’ attitudes towards domestic violence varied significantly by family type (p=0.006; η2=0.029), education level (p=0.007; η2=0.028), and occupation (p=0.007; η2=0.040). There was a significant positive relationship between awareness of and attitudes towards domestic violence (r=0.226).&#x0D; Conclusions. Study participants had a high sense of awareness towards domestic violence and a negative attitude towards violence. Their awareness of domestic violence was affected by education level, while their attitudes towards domestic violence was affected by gender, type of family, education level, and occupation.&#x0D;

Shouldering a Double Burden: A Phenomenological Exploration of Gender-Based Violence among Black African Migrant Women in Durban, South Africa

Gender-based violence is not a new problem – nor is it unique to Africa. However, it is profound and widespread in South Africa, a highly hostile society with a culture of violence, often exacerbated by normalised male dominance. Exploring the contours of gender-based violence, through qualitative in-depth interviews, the study provided nuanced reflections on the lived experiences of 15 purposively selected female migrants. The study is located within the interpretivist paradigm. Cultural hegemony theory served as the analytical lens. Thematic analysis, inspired by Braun and Clarke (2006) was used to analyse the data. Four themes which are, experiential knowledge about gender-based violence, the nexus between gender-based violence and xenophobia, change in gender roles, and growing fears of heterosexual relationships and new gender preferences emerged. We recommend that gender-based violence awareness campaigns should be scaled up at the community level to promote gender equity. Further, empowerment programmes should target both local citizens and the migrant community.

Teachers’ Empathy for Bullying Victims, Understanding of Violence, and Likelihood of Intervention

ABSTRACT Relational bullying is still underappreciated by teachers. Based on the theoretical model of teachers’ intervention competence in bullying, the aim of the current research was to gain insights into the concurrent relationships between teachers’ empathy, understanding of violence, and likelihood of intervention. In this study, n = 556 teachers (79.4% female, M age = 50.6) indicated on a questionnaire their empathy, understanding of relational violence, and likelihood of intervention in a relational bullying situation. The relationships were simultaneously estimated in a structural equation model. The results suggest significantly positive concurrent relations between these variables. We conclude that the effectiveness of teacher trainings could be increased through such elements as cognitive empathy training, raising awareness of violence, and teaching appropriate interventions in relational bullying situations.

Measuring the Saudi Society's Awareness of Verbal Violence's Contribution to Low Self-Esteem, Feelings of Psychological Loneliness and Depression in Children

This study sought to measure the Saudi society's awareness of the impact of verbal violence on low self-esteem, feelings of psychological loneliness and depression among children , identify the forms of verbal and emotional violence practiced against the child, the effects resulting from the phenomenon of verbal violence against the child, measure the role of the media and the educational and counseling community institutions in reducing the phenomenon of verbal violence against the child, and determine the relationship of the number of family members, the level of parental education, and the social status to verbal violence against the child. The study released on the descriptive analytical approach, which depends on collecting data from the study sample using the questionnaire prepared for the purposes of this study, and studying and analyzing the sample responses. The study included a random sample of (88) fathers and mothers from the western, southern, central, northern and eastern regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The researcher formulated a questionnaire of (23) items to measure Saudi society's awareness of the impact of verbal violence on low self-esteem, feelings of psychological loneliness and depression among adolescents. The questionnaire dealt with four topics as follows:1. The first axis: the form of verbal and emotional violence against the child: (5) paragraph .2. The second axis: knowledge of the effects resulting from the phenomenon of verbal violence against the child (8) paragraphs .3. The third axis: the role of the media and the awareness and counseling community institutions in reducing the phenomenon of verbal violence against children (5) paragraphs .4. The fourth axis: the relationship of the number of family members to verbal violence against the child (5) paragraphs.The study revealed the forms of verbal violence practiced against the child, and the results of the questionnaire showed an expressive percentage indicating the awareness of the respondents of the effects resulting from the phenomenon of verbal violence against the child and the presence of a relative need to Strengthen the role of the media and educational and counseling community institutions in reducing the phenomenon of verbal violence against the child. The results of the study also revealed a relationship between the increased number of family members and the prevalence of verbal violence against children. The study recommended, among a set of recommendations, to allocate television programs aimed at introducing the family.

POLICE REFORM IN DIVIDED TIMES

POLICE REFORM IN DIVIDED TIMES

Electoral Violence Impact on the Political Empowerment of Women in Jordan "Qualitative Study"

This study aims to identify electoral violence phenomenon against women and its impact on the political empowerment of Jordanian women. Additionally, it aims to reveal forms of violence to which Jordanian women are exposed as voters and candidates and the extent of Jordanian women’s awareness of electoral violence reporting mechanisms and proposals that help reduce this phenomenon. The study argued that electoral violence against women has its negative impact on their political empowerment and also breach basic women's rights. The study employed qualitative descriptive approach. Personal interviews were conducted to gather relevant data. The sample was taken in accordance with the purposive method. The sample consisted of (15) women who ran for political positions (Parliamentary, partisan and municipal) and (15) women as voters in the city of Amman for the period 2012-2020 . The most prominent results of the study are that (1) all respondents were exposed to one or more forms of violence whether as voters or candidates for the parliament, party or municipality; (2) they experienced violence during election period which was the most severe and harsh on them ; and (3)violence is not related to a certain gender as women participate in the practice of violence against women due to Jordanian cultural influence that is based on tribalism and that the most prominent sources of electoral violence against women are family and clan members. The study recommended communicating with international aid providers to establish links with local organizations to develop solemn strategies to combat gender-based electoral violence and integrating its topics into election period programs

Experiences with obstetric violence among healthcare professionals and students in Spain: A constructivist grounded theory study

BackgroundObstetric violence appears to be a worldwide concern and is defined as a type of gender-based violence perpetrated by health professionals. This violence undermines and harms women’s autonomy. In Spain, 38.3 % of women have identified themselves as victims of this type of violence. AimTo explore current information and knowledge about obstetric violence within the Spanish healthcare context, as well as to develop a theoretical model to explain the concept of obstetric violence, based on the experiences of healthcare professionals (midwives, registered nurses, gynaecologists and paediatricians) and nursing students. MethodsA constructivist grounded theory study was conducted at Jaume I University in Spain between May and July 2021, including concurrent data collection and interpretation through constant comparison analysis. An inductive analysis was carried out using the ATLAS.ti 9.0 software to organise and analyse the data. ResultsTwenty in-depth interviews were conducted, which revealed that healthcare professionals and students considered obstetric violence a violation of human rights and a serious public health issue. The interviews allowed them to describe certain characteristics and propose preventive strategies. Three main categories were identified from the data analysis: (i) characteristics of obstetric violence in the daily routine, (ii) defining the problem of obstetric violence and (iii) strategies for addressing obstetric violence. Participants identified obstetric violence as structural gender-based violence and emphasised the importance of understanding its characteristics. Our results indicate how participants’ experiences influence their process of connecting new information to prior knowledge, and they provide a connection to specific micro- and macro-level strategic plans. DiscussionDespite the lack of consensus, this study resonates with the established principles of women and childbirth care, but also generates a new theoretical model for healthcare students and professionals to identify and manage obstetric violence based on contextual factors. The term ‘obstetric violence’ offers a distinct contribution to the growing awareness of violence against women, helps to regulate it through national policy and legislation, and involves both structural and interpersonal gender-based abuse, rather than assigning blame only to care providers. ConclusionsObstetric violence is the most accurate term to describe disrespect and mistreatment as forms of interpersonal and structural violence that contribute to gender and social inequality, and the definition of this term contributes to the ongoing awareness of violence against women, which may help to regulate it through national policy and legislation.

The Prevalence of Violence Against Women During Pregnancy and After Delivery in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

IntroductionViolence against pregnant women has become a public health issue and a violation of human rights. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines violence as any act (physical or verbal) that causes physical or psychological harm. Obstetric violence committed by healthcare providers can lead to significant health consequences harming both mother and child. During pregnancy, violence is more frequent than some obstetric complications that are routinely recorded or screened. Therefore, this study aims to assess the prevalence of violence against women during pregnancy and labor, and postpartum.Materials and methodsIn this cross-sectional study, our study population consisted of women who have experienced pregnancy and labor in the Najd region. We used both face-to-face and online questionnaires that evaluated the knowledge and practice outcomes of women who have experienced violence during labor, in addition to the behavior of healthcare providers toward these women.ResultsIn our analysis of demographic data, we found a significant association between age and having experienced violence before/during birth. Most women who experienced violence were between 25 and 45 years old (p=0.002). Furthermore, the history analysis revealed a significant association between follow-up regularity and violence experiences (p=0.010). Nursing students delivered most women (71%), and they did not provide information regarding the women’s rights or procedures. Of the respondents, 39.6% did not feel comfortable and were afraid of the healthcare providers’ words, phrases, or behaviors.ConclusionOur study concluded that many women experience violence committed by healthcare providers before, during, and after labor without realizing it. As a result of the ignorance of their rights, violence is more prevalent among these women. As a recommendation, to expand on the rights, women organizations should dedicate more efforts and throw campaigns to raise the awareness of violence among other women.