Awareness Of Rights Research Articles

Experiences of Dispute Resolution in Non-Court Forums: Justice San

Dispute resolution in India involves several actors and institutions – not only courts but also various other forums for alternative means of dispute resolution. While the judiciary is the sole authority responsible for redressing rights’ violations, the problems plaguing the judicial system contribute significantly to parties opting to settle disputes out of court. In this paper, we examine the functioning of some non-court forums, with a special focus on the question of women’s rights, autonomy, and agency in dispute resolution processes. We ask whether the working of such non-court forums is in consonance with the values of the Indian Constitution, especially the rule of law. In the context of women’s rights, we ask whether these forums take a legally neutral or gendered approach, and whether they speak they give primacy to rights or prioritise community and conciliation. To find answers, we analyse data from surveys and interviews undertaken by DAKSH to review the attitudes and approaches of such noncourt forums. We argue that valorising non-court forums as ‘quick, flexible, and effective’ while disregarding their subjectivity, arbitrariness, and lack of accountability – both to the individuals who approach them and to the society in which they function – amounts to a betrayal of constitutional values. We also argue that while all citizens, women included, must have the autonomy to choose any forum to resolve their disputes, that choice must not be governed by tradition, nor be influenced by lack of awareness of rights, or worse, failure of the state in ensuring speedy and effective dispute resolution.

정신건강지킴이 프로그램이 정신장애인의 권리인식, 임파워먼트, 회복력에 미치는 효과

본 연구는 정신건강지킴이 프로그램이 정신장애인의 권리인식, 임파워먼트, 회복력에 미치는 효과를 규명하기 위해 실시한 비동등성대조군 전후시차설계를 이용한 유사실험 연구이다. 연구의 대상자는 2019년 9월 2일부터 12월 9일까지 K시 소재한 정신과 병원의 재활센터와 정신사회복지시설의 정신재활센터에 등록한 회원을 대상으로 정신건강지킴이 프로그램을 진행하였다. 정신건강지킴이 프로그램에 참여한 정신장애인은 참여하지 않은 정신장애인에 비해 장애인의 권리인식과 회복력이 유의하게 증가하였다. 임파워먼트에 있어서는 두 군 간 유의한 차이는 없었다. 본 연구에서 정신건강지킴이 프로그램이 정신장애인의 권리인식과 회복력에 효과적인 이유는 일 방향적 교육이 아닌 프로그램에 참가한 정신장애인 당사자가 잘못된 뉴스를 찾아보고 수정해서 다시 카드뉴스를 제작해 보는 당사자중심의 프로그램을 운영하였기 때문으로 보여진다. 본 연구결과 정신건강지킴이 프로그램이 정신장애인에 대한 귄리인식을 증진하고 회복력을 높이는 데 기여한 것으로 나타났다.

Women and advocacy: study of the Ahmadiyya community in Tasikmalaya

Advocacy against Ahmadiyya Indonesian Congregation (JAI) has been carried out in Tasikmalaya, West Java, both internally and externally to resolve various forms of intolerance, including mosques sealing and marriage registration. This research highlights the contribution of Ahmadi women with their experiences and efforts in the advocacy process through the concept of Agency and advocacy based on two approaches: Rights and Social Inclusion. This research shows that, 1) the experience of being a victim of intolerance is able to transform women from objects into subjects of advocacy and play a role in advocating themselves and their groups, and 2) internal advocacy is important to provide legal understanding to survivors to increase the awareness of Rights within groups. Therefore, women can contribute positively to the ongoing advocacy works.

Personality Rights in China’s New Civil Code: A Response to Increasing Awareness of Rights in an Era of Evolving Technology

This article explores and assesses the significance of the adoption of a separate part (or, book 编) on personality rights in China’s new Civil Code. We argue that there are profound socioeconomic meanings underlying the technical changes in the classic structure of the civil codes in civil law tradition. On one hand, the stand-alone part on personality rights is the fruit and embodiment of the rising rights consciousness of personality in Chinese civil society, which has been largely unexplored in existing China studies. On the other hand, the part provides a new legislative model to comprehensively tackle the pervasive technological challenges to the protection of personal spheres, which is entangled with the rising rights consciousness over personality in China. Yet, the robustness of the acknowledgment of personality rights in this special part in promoting the protection of such rights remains to be tested in future court judgments.

Multi-stakeholder Perspectives on the Maternal, Provider, Institutional, Community, and Policy Drivers of Disrespectful Maternity Care in South-East Nigeria.

PurposeUnderstanding the contextualized perspectives of stakeholders involved in maternal health care is critical to promoting respectful maternity care. This study explored maternal, provider, institutional, community, and policy level drivers of disrespectful maternity care in Southeast Nigeria. This study also identified multi-stakeholder perspectives on solutions to implementing respectful maternity care in health facilities.Materials and MethodsThis was a mixed-methods cross-sectional study conducted in two urban cities of Ebonyi State, South-eastern Nigeria. Data were collected using semi-structured questionnaires, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews with mothers, providers, senior facility obstetric decision-makers, ministry of health policymaker, and community members. Quantitative data and qualitative data were analysed using SPSS version 20 and manual thematic analysis, respectively.ResultsMaternal level drivers were poor antenatal clinic attendance, uncooperative clients, non-provision of birthing materials, and low awareness of rights. Provider factors included work overload/stress, training gaps, desire for good obstetric outcome, under-remuneration and under-appreciation. Institutional drivers were poor work environments including poorly designed wards for privacy, stressful hospital protocols, and non-provision of work equipment. Community-level drivers were poor female autonomy, empowerment, and normalization of disrespect and abuse during childbirth. The absence of targeted policies and the high cost of maternal health services were identified as policy-related drivers.ConclusionA variety of multi-level drivers of disrespectful maternity care were identified. A diverse and inclusive multi-stakeholder approach should underline efforts to mitigate disrespectful maternity care and promote respectful, equitable, and quality maternal health care.

Christian Response to Challenges Faced by Children with Disabilities

Children with disabilities are among the most marginalized and excluded in the society. This study aimed at ascertaining the typologies of disabilities among CWD in Malindi Sub-County; challenges faced by CWD, parents and caregivers, how they mitigate them and the role of St. Francis Xavier Roman Catholic Church in addressing the plight of CWD and its efficacy. A qualitative methodology was used to collect primary data. Structured and semi - structured interviews and focus group discussions were used in collecting data. The result indicated the existence of various types of disabilities among CWD in Malindi Sub County; including physical disability, mental disabilities, visual impairment, and hearing and speech impairments. Challenges faced by CWD included neglect, abuse by the able-bodied, inability to access assistive devices, mobility challenges, lack of awareness of rights, inability to access buildings and facilities and proper housing, inability to access specialized healthcare, inability to acquire employment, inability to socialize, and inability to access specialized education. Challenges faced by parents include joblessness and poverty, inability to access disability-specialized public amenities, marital and family breakups, stress, inability to access information, communication challenges, inability to access government funding, negative attitude by society, insecurity, negative impact of disability on siblings, and lack of formal training in disability issues. The study concluded that though the church had put in place some measures in addressing the plight of CWD, the efforts have not been efficient. To achieve efficacy, the study proposed that the church should set up full-fledged disability ministries; involve parents and the entire society in the planning and mainstreaming disability issues and build synergy and proper working relationships with government and other stakeholders.

Implementing Evidence Based Practice nursing using the PDSA model: Process, lessons and implications

Evidence Based Practice (EBP) is recognised as a problem-solving approach to clinical practice that integrates the most relevant evidence with clinical expertise and patient preferences and values, to answer clinical questions and aid decision making. Although the value of EBP is widely accepted, it is not standard in healthcare systems globally. Similarly in Zambia EBP is not a standard and nursing care is mainly routine and characterized by poor quality.An Evidence Based Practice Pilot Project was conducted in University Teaching Hospital. The project utilized a quality improvement approach including modified experience-based co-design, rapid reviews of evidence and practical implementation of evidence. It was implemented through a five phased process using the Plan Do Study Act (PDSA) Model. It focused on four “hacks” subdivided in 12 areas of implementation.From the four “hacks”, and the subsequent 12 areas of implementation, the project met set target for improvement in eight out of 12. The four where set targets were not met included; awareness of rights and responsibilities by patients, explaining the patient’s condition to at least one relative, completing nursing care plans and regular multi-disciplinary team meetings. The eight areas where set targets were met included; display of patients’ rights, educational materials and hand washing guidelines. Others were orientation and mentorship for junior nurses and students, use of task allocation, and use of hand washing soap and decontamination buckets.Implementers of EBP should take stock of the enablers and detractors and put appropriate measures to sustain the former and minimize the latter.

Socio-demographic correlates of public awareness of patient rights and responsibilities in the Sagnarigu Municipality, Ghana

ABSTRACT Public awareness of patient rights and responsibilities is essential for health promotion. However, there is limited evidence on public awareness of such rights and responsibilities. We assessed the socio-demographic correlates of public awareness of the patient rights and responsibilities enshrined in the Ghana Patient Charter. We employed a cross-sectional design and administered a household survey to 400 adult residents of the Sagnarigu Municipality of Ghana. Respondents were selected through multi-stage sampling. The questionnaire elicited yes or no responses to questions on respondents’ recognition of specific patient rights and responsibilities. We ran binary logistic regression models to determine the socio-demographic correlates of awareness of patient rights and responsibilities. The results revealed the mean score of overall awareness as 50.05% ± 37.20% for patient rights and 62.55% ± 40.21% for patient responsibilities. The public showed low awareness of those rights and responsibilities concerning information flow within the health system. Peri-urban residential status, tertiary education, lower health status (self-rated) and health insurance membership were significantly (Adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR)>1, p < 0.05) associated with higher likelihood of awareness of patients’ rights and responsibilities. Higher age and Islamic religion were significantly (AOR<1; p < 0.05) associated with lower likelihood of awareness of patient rights and responsibilities, respectively. We conclude that low health consciousness and inadequate access to health information contributed to the low awareness of patient rights and responsibilities. To promote awareness of patient rights and responsibilities, advocacy and public education using the mass media and community engagement should be intensified especially within rural and Muslim-dominated communities.

Mothers' awareness of children's rights in the light of the United Nations Convention and its relation to child psychological security

Promoting and respecting the rights of the child will remain our hope, which necessitates the necessity of working to establish mechanisms that are concerned with making them real on the ground, not only from a legal theoretical point but also from the real-world point of view, which are renewable and evolving rights with the advancement of time, and by changing human needs, they are considered Late childhood stage is an important stage in a child’s life, but it is almost forgotten due to the increased interest in its predecessor and its subsequent stages of development, although it is one of the most appropriate stages of development for the process of social normalization, And the child may be affected at this stage by some neurological symptoms that may lead him to a feeling of fear, psychological insecurity, and excessive anxiety, which affects his mental and social development and on parents the satisfaction of his psychological needs such as love, security, acceptance and affiliation, which lead to the stability of the child from a psychological and emotional point of view. Objectives: The research aims mainly to determine the relationship between Maternal awareness of the rights of the child in light of the United Nations Convention with its three axes (maternal awareness of children's rights - the maternal tendency towards children's rights - the treatment of mothers for their children) and the psychological security of the child in its three dimensions (emotional security - social security - economic security). Methodology: the current research , follows the descriptive and analytical approach

Radio Republic of Iraq and Awareness Promoting of Minorities’ Rights

بدأت طروحات نشر الوعي بحقوق الأقليات وتأمين الحريات لهم تأخذ اهتماماً دولياً متصاعداً، لاسيما بعد تزايد أثر الحروب والصراعات على أوضاع تلك الأقليات، وتشدد (اليونسكو) على ضرورة ان تولي سياسات الإعلام والاتصال عناية أكبر بحماية حقوق الأقليات. ومن هنا تأتي أهمية بحثنا، الذي تكمن مشكلته في التساؤل الرئيس: (ما دور إذاعة جمهورية العراق في تسويق الوعي بحقوق الأقليات على الصعيد الاجتماعي العام؟)، بوصفها إحدى وسائل شبكة الإعلام العراقي، والتي تلزمها القوانين النافذة بان تهتم بحقوق الأقليات ونشر ثقافة التعددية والتنوع وقبول الآخر في المجتمع المحلي. وقد عمد الباحث على تصميم استمارة الاستبيان في دراسته المسحية للعاملين في الإذاعة، على وفق محاور ركزت على آليات التخطيط البرامجي في إذاعة جمهورية العراق، ومعالجة الإذاعة للقضايا الهامة على الصعيد الاجتماعي، ودور الإذاعة في تسويق الوعي بحقوق الأقليات، وقد كان من بين الاستنتاجات التي تواصل إليها: تتناول إذاعة جمهورية العراق القضايا المرتبطة بالأقليات ضمن سياقها الإعلامي العام، ولا تعتمد استراتيجيات محددة لتسويق الوعي بحقوقهم. تضع الإذاعة خططها البرامجية على وفق سياسات شبكة الإعلام العراقي واقتراحات بعض منتسبيها، الأمر الذي يُنتج تكراراً للمضامين الرئيسة للدورات البرامجية فيها. تؤثر بعض الضغوط في تناول الأحداث المرتبطة بالأقليات في العراق، ومن بينها اتجاهات العاملين في الإذاعة ومواقفهم الشخصية من شرائح معينة من تلك الأقليات.

Une recherche citoyenne sur l’article 12 de la convention de l’ONU sur les droits des personnes handicapées

In this article, we present findings from a participatory action research program in France on the exercise of human rights and supported and substitute decision-making, inspired by the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (“CRPD”). Bringing together persons with the lived experience of disability, academics, and health and social care and support professionals, the project used the method of “experience-based construction of public problem” to transform experience into collective expertise. This enabled the exploration of support that persons in vulnerable situations, whose capacity to exercise their human rights has weakened, need to make decisions in their lives and participate meaningfully in public debate. The relationship between the awareness of rights and exercise of rights is discussed. We argue for the need to balance out the positions of different contributors in participatory action research, in a reasoned manner, by recognizing the scientific and citizen-based participation of all partners.

Education of Indonesian Girls: The Outlook of Discrimination, Rights, and the Impact on Society

The purpose of this quantitative study is to investigate the education of Indonesian girls in terms of discrimination, awareness of their rights to education, and the wider impact on society. The level of discrimination was analysed using the data of girls’ educational attainment and comparing it to that of boys from low income families, obtained from the Central of Bureau Statistics (CBS) Indonesia in 2012. Awareness of rights to education was investigated using a survey with 100 participants. The result showed that in all levels of education boys had a higher level of attainment than girls. Furthermore, there are higher numbers of girls than boys in the uneducated category. Girls’ educational attainment is closely linked to the human development index which is representative of society. Additionally, girls’ awareness of their rights to education is still very low.&#x0D; Keywords: Educational Attainment of Girls, Discrimination, Rights to Education, Human Development Index

Evaluating the appropriacy of Ritual Frame Indicating Expressions (RFIEs): A case study of learners of Chinese and English

AbstractThis paper investigates the evaluation of ritual frame indicating expressions (RFIEs) in two groups of L2 learners: British English learners of Chinese and Mainland Chinese learners of English. RFIEs are expressions by means of which speakers confirm their awareness of rights and obligations in a particular standard situation. Previous research in applied linguistics has largely ignored the production and evaluation of such forms, despite the fact that they are pragmatically-loaded and, as such, are very important for the development of the (meta)pragmatic competence of L2 learners. In our study, we have conducted an experiment in which we exposed our learners to both authentic and constructed uses of RFIEs. The evaluation of their (meta)pragmatic competence has revealed notable linguacultural differences between the two groups of L2 learners.

Unrooted responses: Addressing violence against environmental and land defenders

This study considers how participants in community forestry and development organizations respond to forest-related violence. The literature suggests that responses should seek to address the underlying causes of violence, enforce the rule of law, and promote human rights and political empowerment. Yet, these responses are often obstructed and neutralized by power relations and governance challenges, including pervasive corruption and patrimonialism. In Cambodia, the combination of distrust towards corrupt and abusive authorities, rigid legal-rational hierarchies and social conventions, as well as the belief that patrimonialism serves wealthy individuals and lack of awareness of rights makes it difficult to seek, and even less obtain justice for forest-related violence. Few communities, supporting NGOs and foreign donors appear willing and capable of addressing the roots of forest violence, leading to compromises undermining conservation objectives, systemic injustice, and continued exposure to violence for environmental and land defenders. The study points at four areas for further research to reduce the risks of physical harm for defenders, sustain community conservation objectives, and strengthen accountability for forest violence.

Marketplace literacy education and coping behaviors among subsistence consumer–entrepreneurs during demonetization in India

AbstractWe study the impact of marketplace literacy education on marketplace coping behaviors in the face of systemic shock due to demonetization, deriving important implications for consumer affairs from this radically distinct context. We study whether and how such education can have positive impact even in the face of such macrolevel disruption that disproportionately affects those with the least resources and renders them even more vulnerable. Marketplace literacy education encompasses awareness and knowledge about marketing as well as self‐confidence and awareness of rights as buyers and sellers. We examine the influence of marketplace literacy in urban and rural areas on coping behaviors of low‐income women consumer–entrepreneurs during demonetization in India, using a retrospective survey. We derive implications to mitigate the effect of future shocks on consumers and entrepreneurs at the vulnerable end of the income spectrum.

On the Role Conflict of Social Workers in Lithuania Dealing with the Issue of Legal Capacity of Persons with Disabilities

The research in this article investigates the experience of role conflict that social workers face when dealing with the issue of legal capacity of persons with disabilities. Persons with intellectual or psychosocial disabilities are denied their legal capacity in many countries. The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities of the United Nations obliges states to recognize or restore full legal capacity to all persons regardless of their ability. The study was set in Lithuania, one of the many countries where social workers are required by the Convention to advocate for people’s right to legal capacity and support its exercise. Yet laws and ongoing procedures typically assume social workers to be aides in the denial of legal capacity. A qualitative study of practicing social workers in Lithuania confirmed the existence and sources of role conflict. Despite their professional identity, social workers maintained some of their cultural biases that were incompatible with recognition of clients’ legal capacity. The findings imply that documented role conflict can spur efforts at changing public perceptions and including awareness of rights of persons with disabilities and cultural barriers in professional education.

Mujeres colombianas en Chile: discursos y experiencia migratoria desde la interseccionalidad

Este artículo investiga las características de la experiencia migratoria de mujeres colombianas en Chile en la década del 2010, con énfasis en sus motivaciones y llegada a Chile, su proceso de inserción laboral y gestión económica, el ámbito de cuidado y familia, y las experiencias de discriminación y violencia. El análisis se hace a partir del concepto de interseccionalidad, aplicado a la dinámica de las propias mujeres migrantes, cuyo discurso constituye el material empírico. El enfoque de la investigación es cualitativo, basado en entrevistas y grupos focales con mujeres migrantes residentes actualmente en Chile, provenientes de los seis países con mayor flujo migratorio femenino hacia ese país en la última década (Colombia, República Dominicana, Bolivia, Perú, Argentina y Venezuela). En particular, el análisis contrasta las vivencias relatadas por las mujeres colombianas con las de migrantes de otros países latinoamericanos, también mujeres e inmigradas durante la década del 2010. Por un lado, esta investigación confirma lo señalado por otros estudios acerca de la relevancia del factor económico en la decisión de migrar, lo fundamental que es la dinámica familiar para las mujeres (cuidado, maternidad a distancia y remesas) y la presencia de diversos tipos de discriminación. Por otro lado, emergen hallazgos para el caso específico de las colombianas en Chile, relacionados con la huida de la violencia de género como una causa importante de la migración; la segmentación laboral que las encasilla en los sectores de comercio y servicios; su mayor conciencia de derechos y actitud proactiva ante los abusos (laborales y no laborales); y la presencia de una presión discriminadora, que las violenta por ser mujeres y migrantes, y que se acentúa cuando además son mujeres negras. La interseccionalidad opera complejizando la comprensión de los procesos de discriminación asociados a la división internacional del trabajo reproductivo por género y a elementos culturales racistas, dado que los hallazgos presentados plantean que, en el caso de Chile, estos se realizan de formas más complejas y heterogéneas, de la mano de procesos de racialización y sexualización.

Inefficient mapping: the ethical wayfinding potential of drawing while walking

This photo essay demonstrates how arts-based methods can translate walking practices into an immanent and ethical research practice. Inefficient mapping brings arts practices and speculative theories together through critical, creative praxis, thereby creating a geontologic methodology for theorizing life in the current ecological crisis. The images convey how mapping the non/in/human while walking, extends awareness of rights, histories, presences and the impacts of settler colonial occupation on lands and inhabitants.

Psychological aspects of quality of medical service: modern problems and prospects of research

Purpose. To analyze and summarize scientific research on the problem of the psychological aspects of the quality of medical care.&#x0D; Research methods: library semantic, comparative and systemic approach.&#x0D; Results. Psychological quality assurance of medical care includes: the selection and use of relevant psychological research methods (interviewing patients and visitors of medical institutions, questioning medical professionals, interviewing experts, monitoring the process of medical care or a medical procedure, statistical analysis of complaints and suggestions); monitoring (conducting a survey) of patient satisfaction with the quality of medical care; assessment of the level of corporate culture, commitment and loyalty of medical workers to the medical institution; the introduction of training courses for medical staff in effective communication with patients; medical workers undergoing thematic improvement courses on the psychology of the treatment process and the psychological foundations of medical practice, doctor-patient communication trainings, educational seminars for nursing staff on enhancing psychological competence in interacting with patients.&#x0D; Conclusion. Despite the increasing attention of scientists to the problem of psychological aspects of ensuring the quality of medical services in recent years, its development in Ukraine has not yet been adequately developed. Analysis of the literature on the problem showed the absence of clear psychological criteria and methods for assessing the quality of medical care in health care facilities. The psychological aspects of the quality of medical care, such as the criteria for patient satisfaction with the level of medical care, the results of treatment, the attitude of the medical staff, the level of organization and coordination of medical care, awareness of rights and responsibilities, are almost uncharted in the national science. It requires the development of general conceptual principles for building consumer-oriented relations in the system «representative of a medical service - a consumer of a medical service», namely criteria and principles of effective communication with patients, which is one of the key conditions for the formation of their loyalty to a medical institution.

Legal Education – The Elevation from a Person to a Citizen

The law is acknowledged as the conscience of the public. Legal education has become the ladder to the entity of a citizen. The sovereign nature of the majority of the states further promotes the role of legal education beyond a professional qualification. The researchers found it imperative to explore the relationship between legal education and the becoming of a citizen in its true nature, to the extents of self, family, community, country, and world. Perspectives of students of law, educators of law, law practitioners, qualified professionals in non-legal streams, and judicial officers were included in the sample (N=100, 20 each) and observations were noted using a self-developed questionnaire based on the feedback of 2 members from each group in the pilot study. The findings revealed awareness of rights and duties, self-sufficiency in voicing individual viewpoints, and compassion for mankind in all the groups. The students and teachers credited legal education for the development of critical thinking, leadership in the community, and spirit of the development of human resources in the country and the world. Patriotism, respect for the system, feeling of responsibility towards the fate of the whole society was observed by the law practitioners and the judicial officers. Non-practicing professionals associated their legal education to prudence related to money, a better acceptance of cultures, and planning abilities. The study brings attention to the significance of legal education in development at micro and macro levels.