Political Awareness Research Articles

Partisipasi Publik Dalam Proses Anggaran Pada Ruang Lingkup Rendahnya Partisipasi Publik dalam Proses Anggaran di Indonesia

The OBS Budget Transparency Survey is the world's only independent, comparative and fact-based research instrument that uses internationally recognized criteria to assess public access to central government budget information; and the role of budget monitoring institutions, such as legislative bodies and national audit bodies, in the budgeting process. In good government governance, requires accountability, transparency and community participation in every public policy determination, in order to realize good governance. The study related to public participation in the budget process was prepared with the aim of getting an overview of the implementation of public information disclosure in the budgeting process in view of the low level of public participation in the budget process in Indonesia. To achieve this goal, this study uses a qualitative method with a library research approach, namely a method of collecting data by understanding and studying theories from various literature related to the research. Public participation in the Participatory Budgeting process is a key factor. Not everyone wants to be involved in Participatory Budgeting. Some of the reasons that cause low community participation are the community's disappointment because they were not involved in the initial Participatory Budgeting process, Meanwhile, in countries where the level of public participation in Participatory Budgeting is quite high, Factors that encourage community involvement include very high political awareness in society at all levels, involving all levels of society, including minorities and marginalized groups

SOSIALISASI PEMILIHAN KEPALA DAERAH (PILKADA 2024) SEBAGAI UPAYA PENGUATAN PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DI TINGKAT DESA BLOROK

The Regional Head Election (Pilkada) is a democratic mechanism that allows citizens to directly elect their regional leaders. However, voter participation in Pilkada remains a challenge, especially in rural areas, due to limited access to information, political apathy, and a lack of political education. This study aims to enhance community participation through the 2024 Pilkada socialization program in Blorok Village, Brangsong District, Kendal Regency, Central Java. The method used in this community engagement activity is political education-based socialization, involving community leaders, neighborhood heads (RT/RW), and local residents. The stages of the activity include planning, preparation of socialization materials, implementation at the village hall, and evaluation of its effectiveness. The evaluation results indicate an increase in public understanding regarding the importance of electoral participation. Participants who previously had little knowledge about the voting process showed greater enthusiasm after attending this program. Despite challenges such as time constraints for participants and skepticism towards the election process, this socialization effort positively impacted political awareness in the community. It is expected that similar initiatives will continue to improve the quality of democracy and encourage active community participation in future elections.

Study of the Role of Social Media in Indian Politics

Social media has given a new platform to social, economic, political and cultural dimensions in the whole world, including India. But the most important change is being seen in the political field. Social media has made Indian politics hi-tech. Like other countries of the world, in India too, social media has influenced the thinking and voting behavior of Indian people. Social media tools are influencing the electoral politics of India. Nowadays, the number of people creating political content on online platforms has increased. Social media may be relatively new, but its impact on society and politics is widespread. These online platforms have democratized the access to information The prevalence of social media is constantly increasing in the Indian political scenario. Due to the easy availability of social media on smartphones, the number of its users is increasing rapidly. Its widespread impact is also visible on Indian politics. While these online platforms prove to be strong tools for voter education and participation during elections and increase the voting percentage, they also pose challenges like misleading information and polarization for democratic values, processes and institutions. Positive and negative effects of social media are visible on Indian politics. It is becoming a medium of political awareness and change in India. It has penetrated into personal and public political life. Due to which its regulation has also become necessary. In view of these facts, research work has been done on the interrelationship between social media and Indian politics.

The Role of Memes in Shaping Political Discourse on Social Media

The article explores the role of memes in shaping political discourse on social media platforms, examining their influence on public opinion, political behavior, and the dynamics of ideological polarization. With the rapid proliferation of meme culture across platforms such as Twitter (X), Instagram, TikTok, and Facebook, memes have emerged as potent tools for political communication, serving as vehicles for political expression and instruments for reinforcing ideological divides. By analyzing political memes’ circulation, engagement, and sentiment, this study reveals how memes predominantly circulate within political echo chambers, fostering increased engagement within ideologically homogenous groups while limiting exposure to opposing viewpoints. Additionally, the emotional resonance of memes and their viral potential contribute significantly to their effectiveness in influencing political opinions and mobilizing support for political movements. However, the study also highlights concerns regarding the spread of misinformation and the role of memes in exacerbating political polarization. The findings suggest that memes facilitate political participation and awareness and challenge democratic discourse by amplifying divisiveness. The article calls for further research into the long-term effects of meme-driven political communication on voter behavior, civic engagement, and democratic processes.

Advocacy Strategies of Labour Unions in Demanding Workers’ Rights during the COVID-19 Pandemic

This paper explores the strategies and advocacy steps taken by Serikat Pekerja Sejahtera Mandiri Jogja Bay Waterpark (Spektram JBW) during the COVID-19 pandemic causing 31 relieved of duty workers and 8 laid-off workers. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. Through the analysis of advocacy theory from Sharma (2004) and contentious politics theory from Tarrow (2011), this paper shows that Spektram JBW's advocacy strategy follow five advocacy steps, namely identifying the root of the problem, formulating solutions, building political awareness, policy implementation, and evaluation. The five steps illustrate the process of contentious politics (movement process) with the formation of the union, and the unity of ordinary workers against the corporate elite. The advocacy resulted on two main demands were achieved but demand for worker status failed, and the process continued to the Industrial Relations Court (Pengadilan Hubungan Industrial, or PHI). The success of Spektram JBW is an example of success story providing a bright spot for other unions in Yogyakarta. The failure stems from the union culture in the area of DIY which lacks unions and the small scale of industry which makes it difficult to mobilise large numbers of workers.

Research on Innovative Approaches to Ideological and Political Education of Foreign Language Majors Based on Projects

This study explores the integration of ideological and political education into foreign language majors, proposing an innovative, project-based approach to enhance students' moral and political awareness. By utilizing three main types of projects—imagery, audiovisual, and hypertext—it aims to foster high-quality foreign language professionals with a strong sense of patriotism, international perspective, and the ability to engage in cross-cultural communication. This approach not only enriches students' understanding of key ideological concepts but also encourages them to apply these values in real-world contexts. Through project-based learning, students are actively involved in creating content that merges professional language skills with ideological education, providing a comprehensive educational experience that cultivates both academic knowledge and personal values. The study highlights the significance of combining knowledge acquisition with value education, aiming to produce well-rounded individuals capable of contributing to both domestic and global society.

Pengimplementasian Hak Sosial Antara Pejabat dan Masyarakat di Negara Indonesia

This paper analyzes the implementation of citizenship rights in Indonesia, focusing on the interaction between public officials and the public. The important role of officials in policy making and implementation, as well as the active role of the public in participation and oversight, are discussed in depth. In addition, the article also presents some solutions to overcome these problems, with the aim of improving the quality of citizens' rights implementation. The implementation of citizenship rights between officials and the public in Indonesia is a complex and dynamic process. Despite the challenges, a commitment to democratic principles and the protection of citizens' rights can strengthen the relationship between officials and communities. With an inclusive and participatory approach, Indonesia can build a more just, transparent and sustainable society. The value of equality means that every citizen has equal rights, equal obligations, and equal standing before the law and government. This value in this reform era is very decisive for the journey of life in society, nation and state, as a signpost in achieving national ideals and national goals. Public participation in the political and decision-making process is essential to maintain the sustainability of democracy. People have the right to be involved in the discussion and determination of policies that affect their lives. Through elections, public forums and various other participatory mechanisms, people can express their aspirations and control public officials. This study analyzes the level of political participation in general elections in rural Indonesia. Through a survey of a number of respondents, this research identifies factors that influence political participation, such as education level, political awareness, and access to information. The results show that the level of political participation in rural areas is still low and is influenced by several obstacles. This research suggests the importance of improving the quality of political education and providing adequate infrastructure to increase people's political participation. As the subject of citizens' rights, the community has a very important role in ensuring these rights are realized. This paper discusses how the community can play an active role in political participation, oversight of the government, and in demanding their rights. The challenges faced by the community in carrying out this role, as well as efforts to increase community participation, are also reviewed.

Sosialisasi Literasi Politik Bagi Siswa SMKN 1 Pangandaran Menjelang Pemilihan Kepala Daerah 2024

The "Compact: Communication Impact" political literacy program was held to enhance the political awareness of 12th-grade students at SMKN 1 Pangandaran ahead of the 2024 Regional Election. Political literacy is crucial to fostering quality democratic participation, especially among youth. The program included Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), debates, expert sessions, and pre- and post-tests to measure outcomes. A total of 34 students participated, aiming to improve their ability to detect hoaxes, analyze political issues, and understand their role as first-time voters. Evaluation results showed a 6.05% increase in post-test scores, indicating improved political literacy. Students also shifted from apathetic to more critical and active political attitudes. This program successfully provided relevant political knowledge and practical skills, becoming a model for future youth political literacy initiatives.

Mapping the Drivers of Multisectoral Nutrition Governance and Its Link to Nutrition Outcomes in Kenya: A Qualitative Inquiry.

Malnutrition remains a significant public health issue in Kenya. Multisectoral Nutrition Governance (MNG) is increasingly being acknowledged as a catalyst for enhancing nutrition programming and outcomes. Effective MNG establishes policies, systems, and mechanisms that enable coordinated, adequately funded, and sustainable nutrition actions across sectors; however, its understanding and progress assessment remain inadequate. This study aimed to qualitatively assess the status of MNG and propose strategies to strengthen MNG mechanisms for improved nutrition actions and outcomes in Kenya. We hypothesized that effective performance across the MNG domains is associated with effective multisectoral nutrition actions and improved nutrition outcomes. This study used a qualitative design to assess the MNG status over the past 10 years (2012-2023). Nineteen program managers and officers from government and non-governmental institutions implementing nutrition at the national level were included. Data collection was conducted between January and March 2024 through key informant interviews (KIIs). Thematic analysis, guided by both inductive and deductive coding, was carried out using MAXQDA (Maximizing Qualitative Data Analysis) software. The findings indicate progress in strengthening MNG in the previous decade, though gaps persist. The progress was driven by improved political awareness and commitment, the adoption of nutrition policy and planning frameworks, and improved coordination. Constraints that impede MNG progress include inadequate financing and over-reliance on donor funding, limited translation of commitments to actions, lack of unified monitoring and evaluation (M&E) systems and fragmented policies. Strengthening multisectoral M&E systems that allow timely collection and utilization of data, ensuring sustainable financing for nutrition, enhancing accountability mechanisms and improving coherence across sectors are important for further improvement of MNG.

Problems of forming political literacy of youth

In the modern world, political literacy of young people is becoming one of the most important factors determining their active participation in socio-political life. The relevance of this topic is due to the fact that young people, representing a significant part of the population, often face problems of low political awareness, which affects their activity and influence on the processes taking place in the country. The purpose of this study is to analyze the main problems that affect the formation of political literacy of young people. The main findings show that a low level of political literacy negatively affects the degree of involvement of young people in political processes, which requires the development of effective educational programs and initiatives aimed at raising their awareness. Prospects for further research include the need for a thorough study of the influence of mass media on the formation of political literacy of young people, as well as the development of new approaches to educational strategies that could contribute to more active participation of young people in political life. The authors propose various forms of work with young people to improve the level of political literacy of young people (holding debates and election simulations, involving young people in volunteer initiatives and projects aimed at solving social problems).

Dampak Media Sosial Terhadap Partisipasi Masyarakat Dalam Pemilu Pada Tahun 2024

This research aims to identify patterns of social media usage, evaluate the effectiveness of social media campaigns, and explore the role of social media in voter education. This research discusses the influence of social media on public participation in the 2024 elections in Indonesia. Social media has become one of the main tools in political communication, both for candidates, political parties, and voters. This study uses a mixed-methods approach with surveys of 500 respondents from various regions in Indonesia, complemented by content analysis of political campaigns on social media platforms such as Instagram, Facebook, and TikTok. The level of voter participation who are actively engaged in online political discussions is also proven to be higher compared to those who are less active on social media. The issues found in the field include: 1. What are the social media platforms most commonly used by the public in the context of elections? 2. How is social media used to educate voters about political issues, candidates, and the electoral process? 3. What are the main challenges faced in using social media for electoral participation? The research method used is the quantitative method. This method involves the collection of data that can be measured and statistically analyzed. The research results show that social media plays a significant role in increasing political awareness among the public, especially among young voters. However, the research also found that information disseminated through social media is often unverified, which can negatively influence public opinion.

Pengaruh Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Terhadap Partisipasi Politik Mahasiswa di Indonesia

Student political participation is an important indicator of the sustainability of democracy in Indonesia. However, the low level of student involvement in political activities is a problem that requires attention. This study aims to analyze the influence of civic education on student political participation in Indonesia. Civic education is seen as one of the strategic instruments to increase political awareness of the younger generation. This study uses a quantitative survey method with a descriptive approach. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to students from various universities in Indonesia. The results of the study indicate that civic education has a significant influence in increasing student political awareness and involvement. This awareness is reflected in their active participation in political activities, both on campus and off campus, such as joining student organizations, political discussions, and elections. The conclusion of this study confirms that strengthening the civic education curriculum is very necessary to produce a young generation that is politically aware and responsible as citizens.

Developing a Framework for Electoral Education Among Students with a Focus on Vulnerability

The Undi18 bill, lowering the voting age from 21 to 18, marked a significant step in Malaysia's democratic evolution. However, the political maturity of young voters and their vulnerability to external pressures remain major concerns. This study explores university students' perceptions of general elections, their views on the Undi18 legislation, and their political awareness in the lead-up to Malaysia’s 15th general election. Through a mixed-methods approach—combining quantitative surveys with qualitative interviews—this research highlights the need for a structured electoral education framework to mitigate the vulnerabilities of young voters. Findings suggest that while most students show strong awareness and engagement, many are still vulnerable to political influences and societal expectations. This study proposes educational strategies to bolster political literacy and protect student voters from manipulation

Patriarchal grasp over voting behavior of women in rural punjab

The patriarchal grasp rooted in Pakistani society has been overpowering women. It is a consequence of the patriarchal embedment in social structures of Pakistan that ranked it 145th in the global gender gap index among 146. This study aimed to observe the patriarchal grasp over the political behaviors of women. The researchers used a case study research design. A total of 30 participants were interviewed, including both men and women, through an interview guide with the help of a purposive sampling technique. The analysis was done using the thematic analysis technique. The themes were political association, the extent of participation, political awareness, opinion-building, and decision-making. These significant themes collectively underpin women's voting behavior. It also explored the socially fenced barriers women face to practice their civic rights in the political arena.

SOCIAL MEDIA AS A TOOL FOR POLITICAL AWARENESS AND ITS PERCEIVED IMPORTANCE AMONG GRADE-12 HUMSS STUDENTS

Various literatures indicate that social media is an effective tool for political awareness among people, especially the youth. However, some ideas and studies argued that the youth were politically disinterested, disengaged, and detached. For these reasons, it is interesting to explore the perceived importance of the youth about being aware of the issues faced by their country and how social media can be used as a tool for political awareness. The purpose of this study was to explore how social media can be used as a tool for political awareness, including its importance as perceived by five grade-12 HUMSS students that were interviewed online via Google Meet through a focused group discussion. The study utilized the descriptive phenomenology in this qualitative study using thematic analysis to interpret the data. It was found that social media can be used to raise awareness of political issues, fight false news, and engage in political discourse. The study also found that grade-12 HUMSS students believe that political awareness is important for the following reasons – it benefits the people in a democratic society; it is an act of love for the country; it is the role of future leaders to be aware of the issues affecting the country; and it makes the youth instruments of reform by curbing fake news. The study concludes that social media can be used to raise awareness of political issues, fight false news, and engage in political discourse. The researcher hoped that this study that examines how social media can be used as a tool for political awareness including its importance as perceived among the grade-12 HUMSS students contributes to the body of knowledge. The researcher also hopes that the findings of this study will help somehow on how to dispel the political apathy and detachment among the youth.

Political Education Ahead of the 2024 Regional Election at SMAS Budi Satrya Medan

This research aims to provide political education to students at SMAS Budi Satrya ahead of the 2024 Regional Elections. The problem in this study is that the political participation of novice voters in elections and regional elections is still low. This is due to the limited knowledge they have about elections/regional elections. Therefore, political education is needed for novice voters to increase their political participation. This political education is expected to increase the political awareness of students to participate in the Regional Election process. Data collection techniques are carried out by interviews and observations. Data validation is carried out by data triangulation. The results of this study show that political education has an impact on the knowledge and interest of students of SMAS Budi Satrya Pilkada.

The Role of Education in Political Socialization of the Nigerian Citizens: Implication For Primary Education

Education, especially at the primary level, serves as the foundation for instilling democratic values, civic responsibility, and political awareness. This study used a survey research design to examine the role of education in political socialization in Aguata Local Government Area. A sample of 100 participants from selected communities was surveyed using a structured questionnaire with a four-point Likert scale. Data analysis applied a 2.5 mean cutoff for acceptance. The findings reveal that primary education significantly contributes to the political socialization of children, equipping them with the necessary knowledge and skills to understand political systems and engage in democratic processes. Key elements such as political education in schools, exposure to mass media, and participation in civic activities were identified as critical factors in shaping political dispositions. However, the study also highlights challenges such as inadequate political education, limited resources, and the need for curriculum reforms to foster a more inclusive and effective political socialization process. The study highlights the importance of integrating comprehensive civic education into primary school curricula to promote national unity, enhance political engagement, and prepare young Nigerians to become responsible, active citizens. The findings suggest that strengthening political socialization at the primary education level is vital for ensuring the development of a politically conscious and participatory citizenry, which is essential for the sustainable growth of Nigeria’s democracy

Transformasi Orang Melayu di Sarawak, 1830-an sehingga 1963: Dari Kesedaran Kebangsaan kepada Kesedaran Politik (The Transformation of the Malays in Sarawak, 1830s to 1963: From National Consciousness to Political Consciousness)

This study aims to examine the transformation of consciousness among the Malays in Sarawak from the 1830s until 1963. The study is completed based on literature and archival methods, utilizing primary sources such as British documents, reports, government official publications and newspapers. Secondary sources including books and articles are also referenced. The emergence of national consciousness among the Malays in Sarawak can be traced back to the presence of local resistance movements against the representatives of the Brunei government in the 1830s and the Malays’ opposition to the Brooke administration’s policies since the 1850s. Their resistance was primarily aimed at defending ethnic interests for survival and preserving their rights as residents of Sarawak. Furthermore, the development of education has enhanced awareness among the Malay population through Malay schools and educational opportunities. Social activities, such as the establishment of organizations in Malaya in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, also spurred the formation of religious and literary organizations in Sarawak. National consciousness among the Malay population developed more rapidly following the publication of the Fajar Sarawak newspaper in the 1930s. This development subsequently led to the formation of Malay organizations to unite the Malays and safeguard their interests in Sarawak. After the Japanese occupation, the issue of Sarawak’s surrender to the British emerged, marking the beginning of political awareness and the struggle of the Malays to defend their state’s independence. Additionally, political developments and elections in Sarawak during the 1950s and early 1960s further highlighted the political consciousness that was later translated into political party movements and the subsequent struggle for Sarawak’s independence from colonial rule. Thus, it can be seen that there has been a transformation of consciousness among the Malays from national consciousness to political awareness. From the discussion, it is also evident that although the Malays are not the majority population, they played a significant role in the political development in Sarawak.

The 2019 Provincial Elections in Newly Merged Districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: An Epoch-Making Commencement

The integration of tribal areas (FATA) of Pakistan with the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is a significant development which has ultimately eradicated the twists and turns of the past and diverted the course of action from an unidentified destination to a specified one. The natives, their society, socio-cultural, economic, administrative and above all their political concerns has got a new direction in the aftermath of the said merger. The newly merged districts have recently been passed through a new experience of popular voting on 20th July 2019. Being a central component of democracy, elections provide opportunities of equal standing, progress, prosperity, political awareness, and socio-economic equality to the people. As an integral part of the process of democratization, electoral processes and political contestation provide a wide variety of choice to the citizens of a nation-state to choose their respective leading figures standing in the que of contestation. The present study, however, explores the significant aspects of this political dispensation on the one hand and addresses certain important questions on the other. It pinpoints the role of the major political parties, their programmes, political manifestoes and electoral campaign. The active participation of the tribal masses, the role of independent candidates and women across these districts, are the major areas of concern at the moment. It carefully deals with all these important characteristics of the provincial assembly elections recently held in the newly merged districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, in the light of empirical evidences portrayed in the primary and secondary source materials.

Testimonio y resistencia en <i>La mujer habitada</i> de Gioconda Belli

This research studies the novel La mujer habitada (1988), by Gioconda Belli, from the perspective of resistance in testimonial literature. Through the voices of two female main characters, placed in different historical periods, the novel questions the structures of a patriarchal system that perpetuates political oppression and gender inequality. The analysis focuses on two dimensions of resistance: political and gender. The first section examines the character's process of political awareness, her solidarity with the oppressed and her shift towards action, focusing the analysis on her struggle and resistance against a dictatorial regime that imposes silence through violence in Nicaraguan society. The second section, in turn, explores the female experience in contexts of oppression, it critiques traditional gender roles, and highlights female empowerment as a key element in the construction of a new social order. In conclusion, the research analyzes how Belli's work encourages readers to reflect on the importance of active political participation as a means to become agents of change.