Disaster Awareness Research Articles

Can urban parks help with disaster risk reduction through educational awareness? A case study of Hurricane Harvey

This study examines the relationship between educational awareness and natural disasters through the lens of flood mitigation and also attempts to understand the perceptional and socio-demographical impacts in flood-prone areas. Recorded as one of the most catastrophic storms in the U.S., Hurricane Harvey caused massive damages to the environment and negatively affected public health and well-being. Having sustained three flood events since opening, including Hurricane Harvey, Buffalo Bayou Park in Houston, Texas, became the case study for this research as its role relative to educational awareness and natural disasters became the focus. The study performed a questionnaire-based survey with park users. Findings showed that concerns existed with respect to park use, socio-demographics, and accessibility. The findings also showed, however, that the park design contributed to flood mitigation strategies through establishment of educational awareness of natural disasters. This awareness was confirmed by park users being knowledgeable of some flood protection strategies, including planting native and local plants and curving the bayous naturally. Also, park users noted their preference for receiving disaster-related educational news via social media and partnerships/non-profit organizations. Finally, none of the socio-demographic features showed a difference for the logistic regression model as a significant predictor while attending educational events and residing within 20 min of the park significantly increased flood-mitigation awareness. This study highlights several efficient strategies that can complement the role of urban parks relative to how people experience and perceive educational activities concerning natural disasters.

Determination of The Shortest Route Based on BFS Algorithm for Purpose to Disaster Evacuation Shelter

Purus village in Padang City which has an area of 0.86 km2 consisting of 8 RW and 28 RT has a population of 8,075 people with a density of 11,875. As a result, people are always haunted by fear and always feel threatened if an earthquake occurs. If an earthquake and tsunami occur, what the community needs at that time is information about a safe zone that can be reached to save themselves and their families. For this reason, there needs to be an educational process for the community so that they have a culture of disaster awareness in the form of a system that is able to inform the community where the closest safe zone they can reach is the route they must take when a disaster strikes so that it can provide a sense of security because of safety guarantees. This study aims to determine the shortest route that can be taken by the user (community) during a disaster to reduce the risk of a greater number of victims by using the Breadth first search algorithm which is integrated into a web-based GIS application. By determining the starting point which is the user's position when the disaster occurs, and then determining the end point which is the location of the closest shelter, it will be possible to calculate the shortest distance that can be reached by the user at that time. The method chosen in this study is a waterfall because each step of the research carried out must be sequential and structured to avoid the risk of errors in each sequence of processes carried out. The results of this study can be proven by doing manual calculations to determine the shortest distance which will later be compared with the results of applications that have been designed using the BFS algorithm.

Analyzing the Position of Safety Culture Education in 2019-2020 Elementary School Textbooks in Iran's Education System

INTRODUCTION: The natural hazard reduction curriculum is incredibly critical in facilitating and improving students' safety culture. Thus, we must attend to the content of textbooks to further comprehend the significance of safety issues regarding the process of student safety. The next step is developing a training program that meets all the fundamental needs of safety education. Hence, this research study strives to evaluate the position of safety culture education in elementary school textbooks. METHODS: This research is a quantitative content analysis borrowing a qualitative approach. The statistical population comprised all books on Persian language and literature, experimental sciences, and social studies in all the six primary levels. Counting was the sampling method in the present study. Experts in curriculum planning and health education confirmed the validity of this research. Moreover, the Scott test obtained a reliability of 0.72. FINDINGS: The findings of content analysis in assessing elementary school textbooks based on the Shannon Entropy method indicated that the following indices have the highest frequency and significance: Risk and disaster awareness in 150 samples (Wj = 0.273(, Communication skills, awareness of the environment, and human-environmental interactions with 46 samples (Wj = 0.0666(, On the contrary, the index of child rights aspects with zero cases (Wj = 0) was the least significant among the indices and components.Findings from the frequency of components revealed that safety culture components were not normally distributed. CONCLUSION: According to the research findings, we found out that the components in the fields of skill and attitude have received little to no attention. However, nurturing and promoting the capabilities and skills of children in the field of safety are some of the most vital indices of child safety. Contemplating these aspects will assist in properly performing relief, emergency, and law enforcement missions by preventing disasters

How Far Disaster Management Implemented Toward Flood Preparedness: A Lesson Learn from Youth Participation Assessment in Indonesia

Flood is a common and frequent natural disaster in many countries that causes huge economic losses and casualties every year. Youth participation in flood disaster management (FDM) has not been much explored, especially in the non-prone area but contributing to flooding resilience. Therefore, this study aims to identify youth participation in disaster management to help an improvement in preparedness action. The research was conducted using a qualitative model: case study research, involving 191 young people aged 14-35-years in 16 sub-districts in Semarang City. The data, including youth’s action, knowledge, and participation in FDM, was collected using Google Form, observation, and interview, then statistically analyzed using Mann-Whitney’s test and path analysis. The results show the respondents in flood-affected areas are more actively participating in flood disaster management action because of their experience in facing flooding. Also, the planning step is significantly influenced by the FDM implementation. The planning process is the main defining factor in disaster management successfulness and essentially affecting mitigation, rehabilitation, and evaluation steps. The level of youth participation is deemed necessary to be increased to develop a more comprehensive disaster management program according to regional needs. We suggest that FDM should be transformed into disaster awareness which is delivered through education, socialization, training, and/or flood disaster response simulations.

Development of Learning Tools and Disaster Mitigation Boxes Student Oriented Learning Model in Raising Student Awareness

This study aims to develop disaster mitigation learning tools in raising awareness of students in elementary schools. Research design using 4D models, namely define, design, develop, and disseminate. Disaster mitigation learning tools developed are disaster mitigation boxes, learning implementation plans, student worksheets. The data was collected with questionnaires and tests measuring students' disaster awareness. The testing phase is the stage to find out the effect of the use of disaster mitigation learning tools on increasing student awareness. Student awareness raising is determined based on N-Gain and paired t-test. The results showed the learning tools and disaster mitigation boxes developed were declared valid and reliable, worthy of use in terms of content and construction and influential in raising disaster awareness of learners

INCREASING AWARENESS CAPACITY OF DISASTER POTENTIAL AS A SUPPORT TO ACHIEVE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOAL (SDG) 13 IN LAMPUNG PROVINCE

<p>Global policies on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) address several aspects of environmental life and climate change. There are still challenges that many regions do not pursue the achievement of sustainable development goals which means that SDGs cannot simply and automatically be achieved in several regions due to different contexts and different geographic backgrounds. Extreme climate change can cause natural disasters that have the potential to cause losses and even claim victims. Thus, Lampung, which is a disaster-prone area, is interesting to be studied whether the government and the community's efforts to realize potential disasters have been accomplished properly. This research explains the efforts that have been and need to be done by Lampung Province in responding to potential disasters through a policy brief in order to motivate the government to pay more attention to climate change and natural disasters. This research is a type of qualitative research with primary data that will be taken by using interview techniques and literature review. The survey was conducted by random sampling the people of Lampung regarding the level of awareness of potential disasters. The data will also be obtained by using Google Trend. The results of this research indicate that the efforts of the Lampung Provincial Government such as mitigation, emergency response, reconstruction, rehabilitation, disaster risk assessments, and support from the epistemic community.</p>

Developing of a Learning Media for Smartphones for Disaster Mitigation Education

Disaster preparedness is an absolute prerequisite for the devel-opment of disaster risk reduction. This means that there is no awareness of danger disaster, then the high possibility of both physical and material losses is an inevitable matter. It is a must for humans to be sensitive and care for various possible disasters that can occur in the vicinity stay. Education on disaster mitigation needs to be introduced to the community. This is im-portant to create residents who are responsive and ready for disaster. This paper aims to develop learning media supported by the use of smartphones to increase literacy about volcanic eruption disaster mitigation. This study using research and development with the 4D model. The results of this de-velopment are mobile encyclopedia packaged in a smartphone application as a media for volcanic eruption disaster mitigation education. Media and mate-rial validation show that the product being developed is very good and worth testing. Besides, the results of media validation by indicator: attracting at-tention, interactivity, presentation of learning material, feedback, quality of learning, training showed benefits and students were enthusiastic in learning using this media. This product can be an alternative media for the 21st-century that applies mobile in the learning process

Prehospital Triage by Lay Person First Responders: A Scoping Review and Proposal for a new Prehospital Triage Tool.

The primary aim of this study is to review the available tools for prehospital triage in case of mass casualty incidents and secondly, to develop a tool which enables lay person first responders (LPFRs) to perform triage and start basic life support in mass casualty incidents. In July 2019, online databases were consulted. Studies addressing prehospital triage methods for lay people were analyzed. Secondly, a new prehospital triage tool for LPFRs was developed. Therefore, a search for prehospital triage models available in literature was conducted and triage actions were extracted. The search resulted in 6188 articles, and after screening, a scoping review of 4 articles was conducted. All articles stated that there is great potential to provide accurate prehospital triage by people with no healthcare experience. Based on these findings, and combined with the pre-existing prehospital triage tools, we developed a, not-yet validated, prehospital triage tool for lay people, which may improve disaster awareness and preparedness and might positively contribute to community resilience. The prehospital triage tool for lay person first responders may be useful and may help professional medical first responders to determine faster, which casualties most urgently need help in a mass casualty incident.

A Cross-Disciplinary Project-Based Learning to Raise Indonesian Students’ Awareness of Natural Disasters

The present study aims at raising young students’ awareness of natural disasters through a cross-disciplinary multimodal project-based learning method using Vygotsky’s (1986) socio-cultural approach. An Art project was carried out by second-grade students of one private bilingual school in Jakarta. The project, which was group work, included discussing which objects could save lives from the disaster, drawing the objects, and presenting the work in front of the class. All discussions and presentations were audio recorded. The objects and the recording were then analysed to identify students’ knowledge about surviving three common natural disasters in Indonesia, i.e., earthquake, tsunami, and volcanic eruption. The findings indicate that the students have an initial knowledge about how to survive the disasters, but their literacy on disaster mitigation is still low. It is recommended that literacy on natural disasters should be part of the curriculum and implemented consistently.

Whose plan is it? The importance of place

The effects of climate change are escalating and developing and maintaining disaster resilience in communities is a major objective. Yet the active involvement of communities as major stakeholders in building their capacity to prepare, respond to and recover from natural hazards has had less focus in emergency management planning. For communities living in hazard-prone areas, the continuity of risk and disaster awareness and the significance of preparation at the local level can be critical to people’s capacity to appropriately respond to disaster events. In 2011, the significant flood event in Brisbane saw community-led response and recovery efforts supported by place-based organisations that traditionally work within communities. However, as communities evolve and change, learnings can dissipate over time. As such, 10 years on from the 2011 floods, how well prepared are communities living in flood-prone areas of Brisbane? This paper outlines how community and stakeholder engagement can develop disaster resilience at the local level. The focus is on strong working relationships between participants in emergency management planning and response including community-based organisations and, by extension, the community.

The promise of a “people-centred” approach to floods: Types of participation in the global literature of citizen science and community-based flood risk reduction in the context of the Sendai Framework

Floods are expected to become more intense and increasingly frequent over the coming years. Over the last few decades, scholars, policy makers and risk managers have been gradually acknowledging that community-based initiatives can represent a promising alternative for addressing the hazard of floods at the local scale. In the context of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 (SFDRR), this article presents a systematic literature review of the recent global body of literature on the topic. This work analyses 40 articles published over the last five years to identify the types of engagement allowed in the projects and to discuss the emerging debates in the field since the establishment of the SFDRR. The literature review interrogates where these approaches are being developed and how community-based approaches have been supporting the achievement of the SFDRR targets. The review shows that a growing body of literature has been applying community-based disaster risk reduction (CBDRR) and citizen science methods in order to respond to the call for a more people-centred approach towards floods. This call, outlined by the SFDRR, is particularly relevant in the context of vulnerable communities such as the residents of informal settlements, which have historically been disproportionately affected by floods. The article then provides an original contribution to the field by documenting and reflecting on the firsthand findings of a long-term community-based program assessing flood risks conducted within the Revitalising Informal settlements and Their Environments (RISE) program. The article outlines the implementation, operation and initial findings of the project, which involved community-members in the documentation of flood-levels in informal settlements in Suva, Fiji and Makassar, Indonesia between 2018 and 2020. The findings from the case study suggest that approaches involving communities in flood monitoring can, beyond facilitating flood documentation, unlock additional risk reduction benefits such as enhancing social capital and facilitating risk communication. The conclusions highlight that, similar to RISE’s flood monitoring project, several other community-based initiatives have been developed all over the world. While these initiatives vary significantly in the degrees of community participation and their methods, most of the literature agrees that these emerging methods are considered particularly promising in terms of improving disaster knowledge and awareness when community members participate in disaster risk reduction. The review of this body of literature, however, indicates that more research is needed to examine how social capital as well as cultural and political aspects can be harnessed and strengthened to play important roles in the response to floods.

PASMINA: Arts-based tsunami education with an Islamic theme adopted from Nandong Smong

Indonesia is highly tsunami-prone country. People have difficulty maintaining awareness of the tsunamis. It is therefore very important to build a social system to ensure awareness of disasters and to transfer the lessons future generation.This study aim at developing PASMINA (literally meaning in Indonesia Paket Kesenian untuk Mitigasi Bencana), an arts-based package for disaster mitigation which can be used to educate students about tsunami preparedness. The concept of PASMINA was adopted from Nandong Smong, a local wisdom from Simeulue which also consist of Islamic messages. The PASMINA concept was implemented at one of islamic boarding school in Banda Aceh to obtain students’ feedback and to gain specific ideas and recommendation for changes that lead to improvements to the concepts that were developed. This study used Research and Development approach which consist of: i) Preliminary study, ii) Model’s development, and iii) Model’s testing. The development of PASMINA adapted from Nandong Smong provides benefits for students. PASMINA provide a solution in sustaining the traditional knowledge for disaster risk reduction, and at the same time improving the preparedness towards the tsunami hazard.

Tweeps and their tweeting behavior during natural disaster

Every country needs to have a disaster mitigation measures to reduce the risks and impacts of hazards. Located in the ring of fire, Indonesia is no stranger to natural disasters. However, the country still has low disaster mitigation measures. One of the important tasks for disaster mitigation is understanding the role of social media during a disaster. Therefore, this study aims to answer the following questions: (1) What are Twitter function categories during natural disasters in Indonesia? (2) How is Twitter’s functional framework during natural disasters, especially between January 2018 and November 2019? The research applies a qualitative approach. Data are collected from Twitter from 1 January 2018 to 25 November 2019 using specific hashtags. Other than Twitter, data are also gathered from the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) website and the Disaster Channel. Disaster communication research is vital since it can help the government to possess a thorough understanding of Twitter’s functional framework. Thus, it will help to make an impactful policy. This study finds that there are eight Twitter functions categories during natural disasters: quick update, showing sympathy, increasing disaster awareness, fundraising, distributing and combating fake news, pushing government efforts, displaying real vs. amateur expertise, and organizational branding purposes.

Community learning centre in improving disasters awareness through environmental education

The Community Learning Center is a non-formal education program that aims to expand the reach of education in the community by involving community participation. Environmental education is one of the materials given to students in this centre. This can be an opportunity to increase community disaster awareness especially in relation to floods disaster that often occur in the area. The purpose of this paper is to find out: (1) Strategies to increase the role of community learning centre in improving disaster awareness through environmental education, (2) Environmental education that can be utilized in increasing disaster awareness in community learning centre in East Jakarta, (3) Factors supporting and inhibiting strategies for improving disaster awareness through environmental education at community learning centre.

THE URGENCY OF REGIONAL REGULATIONS IN REALIZING DISASTER RESILIENT VILLAGES IN SOUTH LAMPUNG DISTRICT

This research examines the urgency of Village Regulations as a basis To realizedisaster resilient villages based on the understanding that villages as community disaster resilents, this research will identify village regulations as potential legal instruments governing disaster risk management. The research methods used are normative and empirical research, while data collection required will be carried out through studies. document. The results show that village regulations are a legal instrument needed to implement disaster resilient communities, village regulations serve as the basis for strengthening disaster resilient villages and serve as guidelines in communities at village level resilient to disasters, village regulations are also the key to overcoming community vulnerability to disasters Basically, the risk is managed through strengthening coordination and increasing the capacity of village government officials. This research was conducted in South Lampung Regency in a village that was affected by the 2018 tsunami disaster. The contribution of this research is to encourage the village government as the leading government organizing entity to build disaster awareness through village regulations as a legal instrument to form a disaster management-based framework.

Disaster Awareness and Level of Compliance to Disaster Programs in a Highly Urbanized City

Disaster is an event that shapes our future. During a disaster, it affects lives, infrastructures, livestock and produce, and we can only adapt to it. The aim of this study is to analyze disaster awareness and level of compliance to disaster programs of selected individuals in a highly urbanized city in Central Luzon, Philippines. The study made use of a descriptive-correlational design. One hundred five (105) individuals took part in the survey using a convenience-sampling technique. This study used an adapted and modified instrument for the survey. For the statistical treatment, the researcher used SPSS 20 in computing the data gathered. Results show that the respondents are aware of disaster but in terms of level of compliance, they answered moderately complied. In addition, there are significant differences in disaster awareness and level of compliance with disaster programs when grouped according to location and the number of family members. Last, there is a relationship between the locations, disaster awareness and compliance level on disaster programs in the study. Based on the results of the study, the researcher recommended pertinent ideas and concepts for improved compliance with disaster programs.

Validitas Soal Higher-Order Thinking Skill Matematika Berkonteks Kebencanaan untuk Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama

Disaster mitigation efforts in learning mathematics need to be done to foster a disaster awareness attitude in students through higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) questions in mathematics with a disaster context. One effort that can be done is to design mathematics problems in a disaster context. This study aimed to obtain valid HOTS mathematics questions in the disaster context for junior high school students. This research is development research that is limited to the self-evaluation and expert review stages only. This study obtained 16 HOTS questions in mathematics with disaster context for junior high school students, which were valid both in terms of content and construct. The disaster context used includes drought, tsunami, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, climate change, landslides, forest fires, and floods. The implication of this research is that valid questions can be used by teachers in the teaching and learning process in the classroom.

Social media and national security in Zimbabwe: Embracing social media for national security and addressing social media threats

ABSTRACT The advent of the social media in the past decade has revolutionised communication, overshadowing the traditional ways of communication. Despite its convenience, social media is being used as a conduit for criminal activities. Notwithstanding its dark side, social media has also been utilised in enhancing national security. This study explores the various ways in which social media has been used to enhance national security in Zimbabwe, as well as evaluating the ways of overcoming the social media threats to national security. A total of 274 respondents from members of the public and the security arms of the state were invited to participate in the study through questionnaires and in-depth interviews. In relation to national security, findings reveal that social media is mainly used by the government and its agencies as a platform for explaining key government programmes and safety issues to citizens, as an open source intelligence platform, and for disaster awareness and management. Regulation and monitoring of social media activities was viewed as the most effective measure against social media-induced threats, followed by temporary blocking of social media sites. Notwithstanding the perceived effectiveness of these measures, respondents raised concerns over the human rights implications of the measures.

Community awareness about disaster preparedness: Principal component analysis (PCA)

Background and Aim: Responsibility for disaster preparedness is not limit- ed to healthcare institutions and healthcare providers; communities must also be involved. Knowledge of community members’ awareness of disaster preparedness will enhance and strengthen a community’s resilience to disaster. This study therefore explored factors related to community members’ perceptions of disaster. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, and principal component analysis (PCA) was used to extract essential factors from the data. Questionnaires were used to collect ordinal (yes; no) and Likert scale (ranging from 1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree) data from visitors to the Department of Applied Medical Sciences at Taif University. The questions were designed to understand how participants prepare for dis- asters. Descriptive analysis and PCA were conducted using a PCA extraction method. Varimax rotation was used with Kaiser normalization, and loading on the factor had to be above 0.40. Results: Of the participants sampled, 383 (65.20%) respond- ed to the survey. The majority were male, and just over a quarter were female. Community members were found to lack emergency and disaster kits, safety measures, and fire extinguishers in their homes. In total, three factors were extracted by the PCA: (1) perception of government efforts, (2) readiness of community members, and (3) general knowledge regarding disasters. Conclusions: This study showed a lack of preparedness for and awareness of disasters. It is therefore recommended that the government facilitate and educate community members to ensure that all families have a well-established disaster plan.

About university students’ awareness of natural disasters by prefecture of origin

About university students’ awareness of natural disasters by prefecture of origin