Aviation Sector Research Articles

Navigating the skies: a cross-sectional study of depression among Saudi Arabian airline pilots

BackgroundDepression poses a significant challenge globally, including in safety-critical industries such as aviation. In Saudi Arabia, where the aviation sector is rapidly expanding, pilots encounter unique stressors inherent to their profession. However, research on pilot mental health, particularly within the Saudi context, remains limited despite its critical role in flight safety.MethodsThis cross-sectional survey was designed to estimate the self-reported prevalence of depression in a convenience sample of airline pilots in Saudi Arabia. Participants were recruited from various commercial airlines in Saudi Arabia. Recruitment efforts utilized targeted outreach on social media platforms, focusing on pilot forums and groups. The survey was administered online for accessibility and convenience. The structured questionnaire, developed through a literature review and expert consultation, comprises sections on demographic and professional characteristics, occupational information, health habits, and depression assessment via the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9).ResultsThis study enrolled 310 participants, with the largest cohort (34.8%, n = 108) falling within the 30–39 years age group, closely followed by individuals under 30 years (30.0%, n = 93). Males dominated the sex distribution (99.0%, n = 307). The mean PHQ-9 score was 8.2 ± 5.4. Notably, 40.6% (n = 126) of the participants had a score of 10 or higher, indicating the potential for moderate, moderate-severe, or severe depression. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis revealed that pilots with 11–15 years of experience had greater odds of experiencing depression than did those with 0–10 years of experience did (odds ratio [OR]: 3.0, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [1.1–8.4], p = 0.04). Pilots with rest times exceeding 24 h had lower odds of depression than did those with rest times less than 1 h (OR: 0.3, 95% CI: [0.1–0.8], p = 0.02). Engaging in regular exercise was associated with reduced odds of depression (OR: 0.3, 95% CI: [0.2–0.5], p < 0.01), as was longer sleep duration (> 8 h) (OR: 0.2, 95% CI: [0.1–1.0], p = 0.04).ConclusionOur study estimates the prevalence and severity of self-reported depressive symptoms among airline pilots in Saudi Arabia, surpassing global estimates. The identified factors, including lack of regular exercise, short sleep duration, and insufficient rest between flights, underscore the complex mental health challenges faced by pilots in this region. Addressing these issues is crucial not only for pilot well-being but also for flight safety.

The Dynamic Stability and Performance Implications of Piston-to-Turboprop Engine Modernization of a Light Aircraft for General Aviation

ABSTRACT This paper explores the influence of engine modernization on the dynamic stability and performance of a general aviation aircraft. Utilizing an integral mathematical model, the study conducts a comparative analysis of the I-23 Manager piston-engine aircraft and its modified I-31T turboprop version, examining changes in aircraft dynamics depending on the power plant type. The modernization necessitated a redesign of the nose section of the fuselage, resulting in alterations to the external shape and flight properties of the aircraft. The research evaluates various dynamic stability parameters, including phugoid, short period, Dutch roll, roll, and spiral modes, under different flight conditions. Results indicate minimal changes in aerodynamic characteristics due to the engine type, yet significant improvements are observed in efficiency, noise reduction, and operational costs. The impact of the propulsion unit on the dynamic stability of the light aircraft was assessed as insignificant, suggesting that the strategy of modernizing an existing piston-driven aircraft by switching to a turboprop drive is indeed promising. With appropriate initial design assumptions, a modern turbine aircraft with strong flight qualities can be efficiently modernized in this way, without compromising the good flying properties of the existing plane. The outcomes are validated against flight tests, reinforcing the viability of integrating more sustainable and efficient propulsion systems into light aircraft. This study may therefore inform future design and regulatory decisions, providing a perspective on the implications of engine upgrades in the general aviation sector.

Lessons from the implementation of Threat and Error Management: A case study of the Australian general aviation

Threat and Error Management (TEM) is one of recent safety initiatives to further improve the overall aviation safety level. In response to the recommendations of the International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) for TEM to be introduced to all pilot training syllabi, the Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) in Australia mandated TEM as an additional assessment item for various levels of flight tests and ground examinations in 2009. The current study adopted a two-pronged approach: A case study to highlight the importance of TEM training, followed by gaining an in-depth appreciation as to how TEM was implemented and its effects of the use of TEM training. A semi-structured interview of five highly experienced general aviation Flight Examiners (FE) was conducted, and thematic analysis was performed for the interview data from which four main themes emerged: 1) Impracticality; 2) Lack of guidance and support; 3) TEM implementation; and 4) TEM in practice. All participants shared the same view that TEM was not implemented well. It is expected that the findings from this study add to the body of knowledge to better inform and provide guidance and reference for National Aviation Authorities (NAA) to develop an implementation plan when considering the implementation of TEM training in their regulatory framework. Our study highlights a notable disconnect in CASA’s operational workforce’s grasp of TEM, impacting trust in the general aviation sector in its significance and application. It should be also noted that since our study, to address this and foster innovation in safety projects, CASA has initiated comprehensive strategies such as workforce planning and actively engaging in Technical Working Groups (TWGs) to harness community expertise for safety improvements. Nevertheless, the findings have the potential to provide information regarding pilot attitudes to future safety initiatives in other rapidly growing sectors such as Recreational Aviation (RA) and Remotely Piloted Aircraft System (RPAS).

Understanding reputational disaster during economic crises: Evaluating aviation sector response differentials

This research investigates the impact of reputational events on the financial performance of airlines, with a particular focus on differential behaviour regarding the types of events—environmental, social, and governance (ESG), and the economic cycle, whether recessionary or expansionary. Based on a sample of 6288 events, our findings reveal a distinct pattern of depressed returns and increased variance in the aftermath of high severity and novel reputational events—more pronounced during periods of domestic economic crisis. Interestingly, our results show that reputational damage tied to environmental issues does not carry the same weight as those in social and governance categories. Further, contagion effects are identified within the industry, with significant spillovers observed during periods of stability and crisis. This research holds important implications for corporate reputation management, ESG investing, and regulatory policy, underlining the need for transparent communication and stringent oversight across the aviation industry.

Keeping up with the decarbonization: Conceptualizing and investigating incumbents’ responses to transition pressures in the post-Paris world

Incumbents are central regime actors who simultaneously adapt to transitions and actively shape them. This study has two objectives: advance the conceptualization around these actors’ behaviors in contemporary transition processes and demonstrate a novel research approach to study this behavior in practice. The focus is on incumbents’ responses to transition-related external pressures. These responses are studied by reviewing related work from organization and management literature, as well as conducting an empirical case study in the aviation sector. The theoretical and empirical insights are combined through flexible pattern matching into a conceptual framework, which simultaneously accommodates a holistic view of different types of responses incumbents use to navigate the complex operating environment, while also supporting particularity that goes beyond strategy talk. For the empirical investigation, this research utilizes incumbent airlines’ transition risk work as a source of information on what external pressures these actors themselves perceive and the responses they operationalize. The empirical case study illustrates how by distinguishing between standard, inconsistent, and unconventional response areas that incumbents take part in, even a snapshot analysis of a contemporary transition phenomenon can reveal what is happening in socio-technical regimes. The analysis also pinpoints how responses have two important characteristics that signify the importance of acknowledging the variety of responses that incumbents have at their disposal: multi-functionality and parallelity. Together, the insights of this paper can support the study and understanding of the complex, heterogeneous, and nuanced behavior of incumbent organizations, and encourage more research efforts on transitions in the making.

ANALISIS PRAKTIK MONOPOLI DALAM PEMASARAN BAHAN BAKAR AVTUR DI INDONESIA DARI PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PERSAINGAN USAHA

Competition in the aviation sector is crucial for improving quality of life and the economy. The formulation of the problem of this article is the form of government policy in the marketing of avtur fuel by PT Pertamina Patra Niaga which results in monopolistic practices and unfair business competition, and the potential exemption of PT Pertamina Patra Niaga from Articles 50(a) and 51 of Law No. 5 of 1999. Using a normative legal method with a legislative approach and descriptive nature, secondary data was obtained through literature studies and interviews with the Federation of United Pertamina Workers' Union (FSPBB). The research results and conclusions are government policies in avtur marketing by PT Pertamina Patra Niaga have created a natural monopoly harming consumers and hindering healthy competition, and exemption from Article 50(a) of Law No. 5/1999 is justified, but PT Pertamina Patra Niaga does not meet Article 51 criteria as it is not a state-owned enterprise but a subsidiary of PT Pertamina Persero.

Carrot or stick? Environmental and welfare implications of sustainable aviation fuel policies

Sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) serves as a critical short-term measure for reducing aviation's carbon footprint. Two main policy tools, subsidy and quota, have been developed to support its usage. We build an economic model to compare the environmental and welfare impacts of these two policies. First, we find that if an airline uses the same portion of SAF under both policies, the subsidy approach results in reduced SAF costs, augmented airline output, and heightened emissions. Second, the subsidy policy is better than the quota policy in terms of consumer surplus, airline profits, SAF blender profit, and social welfare, if the traditional aviation fuel is sufficiently inexpensive and the emission regulation under the subsidy policy is adequately stringent. Finally, to demonstrate the empirical relevance of our theoretical framework, we have employed empirically-validated parameters for model calibration. Sensitivity analysis indicates that SAF production costs and market potential are pivotal factors influencing governmental policy formulation. With the reduction in SAF production expenses and the growth of the aviation sector, the government is positioned to adopt a more aggressive policy stance, characterized by higher SAF quotas and increased subsidies, to stimulate the uptake of SAF by airlines.

Exploring emission spatiotemporal pattern and potential reduction capacity in China's aviation sector: Flight trajectory optimization perspective

China's rapid expansion of civil aviation has led to an increase in pollution-related issues, causing adverse health effects on populations near airports and downwind. Accurately quantifying aviation emissions is essential for effective emission management. Here, we developed a high-resolution aviation emissions inventory for China by employing a bottom-up approach that relied on daily flight schedules. By using the Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP) to reproduce real-world flight routes rather than conventional great-circle routes, we improved the accuracy of emissions and investigated the potential for reducing these emissions. Our findings demonstrated substantial variations in domestic civil aviation emissions both spatially and temporally. Emissions peaked in most provinces during Chinese holidays, particularly the Chinese Lunar New Year and summer holidays, highlighting the importance of detailed activity data for accurate emissions calculations. Therefore, we recommend extensive utilization of real-world flight routes, particularly in areas with limited Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) coverage since they provide more accurate representations of actual flight trajectories. Our study also identified regions like Shaanxi, Sichuan, Beijing, and their surroundings having considerable potential for emission reduction due to substantial deviations from great-circle routes. This approach can enhance the accuracy and spatiotemporal resolution of aviation emissions at national and global scales throughout the year, without relying on extensive, long-term real-time flight trajectories. Additionally, it provides a unique way to quantify the potential for emission reductions across provinces in civil aviation, ultimately contributing to mitigating pollution-related health impacts from aviation emissions and promoting a more sustainable aviation industry.

Flying High: Revealing the Sustainability Potential of Women in Aviation

This paper explores the predominantly male-dominated aviation sector and highlights the benefits of increasing female representation. The key objectives are to analyze the gender pay gap, assess the current gender imbalance, and explore how addressing these issues could contribute to the sector’s sustainability and operational success. A combined quantitative and qualitative methodology is employed, including scenario-building based on monetary indicators and achievements from other industries where female workforce participation has been enhanced. The results demonstrate that closing the gender pay gap and boosting female participation in air transport operations, in line with supranational recommendations, can lead to significant financial gains and operational improvements. The study concludes that promoting gender equity is not only a social imperative but also a crucial factor for achieving sustainability goals within aviation.

Machine learning-powered performance monitoring of proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers for enhancing green hydrogen production as a sustainable fuel for aviation industry

Aviation is a major contributor to transportation carbon emissions but aims to reduce its carbon footprint. Sustainable and environmentally friendly green hydrogen fuel is essential for decarbonization of this industry. Using the extremely low temperature of liquid hydrogen in aviation sector unlocks the opportunity for cryo-electric aircraft concept, which exploits the advantageous properties of superconductors onboard. A significant barrier for green hydrogen adoption relates to its high cost and the immediate need for large-scale production, which Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers (PEMWE) can address through optimal dynamic performance, high lifetimes, good efficiencies, and importantly, scalability. In PEMWE the cell is a crucial component that facilitates the electrolysis process and consists of a polymer membrane and electrodes. To control the required production rate of hydrogen, the output power of cell should be monitored which usually is done by measuring the cell’s potential and current density. In this paper, five different machine learning (ML) models based on different algorithms have been developed to predict this parameter. Findings of the work highlight that the model based on Cascade-Forward Neural Network (CFNN) is investigated to accurately predict the cell potential of PEMWE under different anodic material and working conditions with an accuracy of 99.998 % and 0.001884 in terms of R2 and root mean square error, respectively. It can predict the cell potential with a relative error of less than 0.65 % and an absolute error of below 0.01 V. The Standard deviation of 0.000061 for 50 iterations of stability analysis indicated that this model has less sensitivity to the random selection of training data. By accurately estimating different cell’s output with one model, and considering its ultra-fast response, CFNN model has the potential to be used for both monitoring and the designing purposes of green hydrogen production.

A new high-level life cycle assessment framework for evaluating environmental performance: An aviation case study

Conventional Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methods are able to assess environmental impact using significant resources (including time and data). However, due to the challenges associated with data collection these can still suffer from issues including representation accuracy, comparability, data availability, data quality, and uncertainty. This paper describes a new streamlined, high-level framework which seeks to solve these issues through rigorous and iterative application of existing standardised LCA methodologies whilst continually engaging with stakeholders. This new framework has been applied to an aviation case study, which seeks to investigate the potential environmental impact of implementing sustainable aviation fuel (including fuels based on used cooking oil, power to liquid technology, and hydrogen) and digitalisation of training regimes within a UK aircraft manufacturer. These are currently major areas of focus to enable the decarbonisation of the global aviation sector. The proposed framework allowed for efficient joint interpretation of results by different stakeholders, and therefore enabled effective strategic decision making without requiring the granular level of data detail demanded by conventional LCA frameworks. The case study has shown that each scenario offers potential reductions in global warming potential, fine particulate matter formation, and water consumption for an aircraft; but only when the associated supply chain is just as sustainable as the scenario in question. Overall, this research has shown that applying the new framework allows for rapid evaluation of decarbonisation technologies through rigorous environmental assessment to a degree accuracy which still enables strategic decision making, but without the use of unnecessary resources. Although this framework has been developed to work across product, platform, or system, further work should seek to apply it in different contexts as a LCA enabler within technological developments including exploration of other aviation decarbonisation pathways to achieve net zero.

Enhancing aviation English competency: A simulation-based approach for aspiring pilots

Aviation English (AE) represents a noteworthy area of investigation within the realm of English for Specific Purposes (ESP), aimed at fostering English language competency among aspiring pilots. In this study, a simulation-based aviation English course was designed and implemented for improved learning gains. The present study took place at a tertiary educational institution, focusing on the analysis of AE vocabulary development, the readback performance of student pilots, and the examination of participants' perceptions of simulation-based training. Employing a mixed-methods sequential explanatory research design, data were gathered from 21 ab-initio pilots enrolled in the Pilotage Training program. The quantitative results showed that participants significantly improved their readback performance and AE vocabulary knowledge over the course of a semester. With regard to the qualitative results, student pilots overall perceived the simulation-based training as an innovative and effective method. The present study, therefore, constitutes a notable advancement in the AE research domain by documenting, for the first time, the application of simulation-based training in the aviation context. Moreover, the study offers insights into the implications for ESP practitioners and stakeholders in the aviation sector, along with recommendations for future research, which are delineated in the study's conclusion.

Enhancing corn stover to bio-jet fuel process: Valorizing lignin-enriched residue for energy, economic, and environmental benefits

Bio-jet fuels are considered as a highly promising strategy for minimizing carbon emissions in the aviation sector. This study presents a scheme for producing bio-jet fuel from corn stover through aqueous phase conversion, focusing on the economics and environmental performance of various lignin utilization technologies. Three scenarios were simulated using Aspen Plus, each integrating a different approach: lignin hydrothermal conversion to jet fuel range arenes (LtoA), lignin gasification-syngas fermentation to ethanol (LtoE), and lignin direct combustion (LC). The energy conversion rates of the three cases are 32.75 %, 32.67 %, and 31.44 %, in that order. Technical-economic analysis and life cycle assessment were conducted for each scenario. The minimum jet fuel selling prices (MJFSP) for the three scenarios range between 2050 and 2562 $/t, 2095–2620 $/t, and 2024–2529 $/t, with greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reduced by 33 %, 383 %, and 37 % compared to fossil jet fuel, respectively. Steam stripping for furfural production is the largest energy consumer, hindering economic improvement and GHG emission reduction due to inefficient furfural yield. The use of sulfuric acid and NaOH as catalysts contributes significantly to 37 % of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and 79 % of human toxicity emissions among other environmental impacts. The development of green solvents and the enhancement of lignin conversion rates could further improve the economic and environmental performance of bio-jet fuel.

A Fuzzy Inference System for Predicting Air Traffic Demand based on Socioeconomic Drivers

The past ten years have seen significant expansion in the aviation sector, which during the previous five years has steadily pushed emerging countries closer to economic independence. It is crucial to accurately forecast the potential demand for air travel to make long-term financial plans. To forecast market demand for low-cost passenger carriers, this study suggests working with low-cost airlines, airports, consultancies, and governmental institutions' strategic planning divisions. The study aims to develop an artificial intelligence-based methods, notably fuzzy inference systems (FIS), to determine the most accurate forecasting technique for domestic low-cost carrier demand in Bangladesh. To give end users real-world applications, the study includes nine variables, two sub-FIS, and one final Mamdani Fuzzy Inference System utilizing a Graphical User Interface (GUI) made with the app designer tool. The evaluation criteria used in this inquiry included mean square error (MSE), accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and specificity. The effectiveness of the developed Air Passenger Demand Prediction FIS is assessed using 240 data sets, and the accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity, and MSE values are 90.83%, 91.09%, 90.77%, and 2.09%, respectively.

Scaling a bifunctional catalytic Fixed-Bed reactor for acetone-to-mesitylene Jet-Fuel additive production

De-fossilization of the aviation sector will require the use of renewable synthetic jet fuels and additives that comply with strict regulations. One such additive, mesitylene, can be produced using a novel sustainable process based on the fermentation of biomass waste to acetone, followed by the self-condensation of acetone to mesitylene. This study addresses the viability of gas-phase self-condensation of acetone, catalyzed by TiO2 and Al-MCM-41 acid catalysts, at a technological readiness level of TRL-4.The reactor used was a bench-scale fixed-bed reactor (28 mm diameter and 500 mm height) loaded with commercial-sized catalyst pellets (1/8″ diameter). It was equipped with a jacket for heat transfer using flowing thermal oil. The performance of commercial-scale reactors was approximated under conditions of 275 °C, 280 kPa, and a space velocity of 50–500 mol/kg·h.The catalyst pellets exhibited significant mass transfer resistances, which limited the reaction rate. This, in turn, reduced the deactivation rate caused by the adsorption of high-molecular-weight condensation products on the strongest acid sites. Additionally, the product distribution differed between pellet and powder forms of the catalysts, with higher yields of isophorone and mesitylene being observed on TiO2 and Al-MCM-41 pellets, respectively. A reaction and mass transfer model was proposed and fitted to the bench-scale data.The study also considered the combination of both catalyst pellets in the same reactor for the bench-scale unit. It was demonstrated that mesitylene yield could be improved, with the best configuration being two separate beds placed consecutively in the reactor with a catalyst ratio of 1:2 (TiO2:MCM-41).

Examining the determinants of Indian airlines’ revenues

The Indian aviation sector has undergone remarkable growth, driven by the emergence of low-cost carriers and diverse business models. This has resulted in a surge in passenger numbers and aircraft orders, establishing India as a vibrant global aviation market. However, this rapid expansion is accompanied by significant financial challenges, leading to distress and insolvency among numerous airlines. Despite optimistic growth forecasts, high operating costs and relatively low revenue returns pose substantial hurdles. Motivated by these challenges, this study aims to uncover the key factors influencing revenue generation in the Indian aviation industry by analysing expenditure components and their impacts on costs. The objective of this study is to address the research gap stemming from the lack of previous studies on Indian airlines that address endogeneity issues related to airline expenditures. By utilising data from 2007 to 2022 sourced from the audited annual reports of each airline, we aim to provide essential insights into the revenue dynamics of Indian airlines through the application of various econometric models including instrumental variables (IV) regression and generalised method of moments (GMM) models for improving causality and addressing endogeneity. Our findings reveal a positive correlation between unit revenue and factors such as unit expenditure, staff numbers, and passenger volume, while also highlighting the positive impacts of airline alliances and regional connectivity schemes. This research not only sheds light on industry intricacies but also underscores the imperative to address key variables to enhance the sector's sustainability and resilience in the face of ongoing challenges, offering valuable contributions to both academia and industry stakeholders for informed decision-making and strategic planning.

Flight in Transition: Navigating the Skies of Automation and Human Judgement

Integrating automation systems within the aviation sector signifies a critical juncture, presenting significant advancements in operational efficiency and safety protocols. However, this technological evolution mandates a comprehensive reassessment of decision-making processes, particularly as pilots navigate the intricate interaction between human cognition and automated support. This study aims to enhance academic discourse by conducting a thorough analysis of the implications of automation systems on decision-making in aviation, with a specific focus on the tragic incidents involving Lion Air Flight 610 on October 29, 2018, and Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302 on March 10, 2019. The impact of automation systems on decision-making in aviation will be examined in detail to understand their role in these incidents. Employing a rigorous case analysis methodology upon a diverse array of secondary sources, this study seeks to unravel the multifaceted dynamics at play and shed light on the influence of automation on pilot actions and responses. Anticipated outcomes of this study include providing invaluable guidance to aviation stakeholders, encompassing regulatory bodies, aircraft manufacturers, airlines, and pilots, concerning the challenges and opportunities inherent in automation integration. By identifying knowledge gaps and delineating avenues for enhancement, this research endeavours to inform evidence-based strategies and optimal practices for enhancing safety and resilience in contemporary air travel. Ultimately, the significance of this scholarly endeavour lies in its potential to advance scholarly understanding and facilitate informed decision-making processes, thereby contributing to the pursuit of safer and more efficient aviation operations on a global scale.

Assessing the Feasibility of Hydrogen-Powered Aircraft: A Comparative Economic and Environmental Analysis

The aviation sector needs to become climate neutral with net zero emissions by 2050 in order to meet the Fly the Green Deal targets. Hydrogen has been identified as a potential energy source that could help the sector meet these ambitious targets. This study evaluated a new hybrid-electric hydrogen aircraft concept against conventional Jet-A1 and power-to-liquid (PtL) aircraft concepts in terms of economic and environmental impacts. The assessment methods that we adopted were adapted specifically for this purpose. The life cycles of the aircraft were modeled using discrete event simulations, and the results show that the hydrogen concept has similar costs to the conventional PtL concept and double the life-cycle CO2-equivalent savings compared to the conventional Jet-A1 concept. As such, the method allows early comparison of different aircraft concepts.

A Review of Alternative Aviation Fuels

One of the most promising mid-term solutions for reducing GHG emissions from the aviation sector is alternative aviation fuels, especially sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs). Regulations imposed by the Fit for 55 package to use 38% of SAFs until 2050 require a comprehensive analysis of SAFs and production pathway development with increased blending limits of alternative fuel. Within this review, a summary of key aspects of alternative aviation fuels is presented. The review contains a description of the certification process and certified production pathways with an analysis of feedstocks used for SAF production. SAF emissions also have been analyzed based on available research. SAFs reduce particulate matter emissions significantly, even by 70%, compared to fossil fuels. The emission of gaseous exhaust compounds, such as carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, also is discussed. Alternative aviation fuels have a lower LCA compared to conventional aviation fuel and the LCAs of specific feedstocks are presented.

Advances in the application of non-contact temperature measurement technology for aero-engine blade.

The advancement of the aviation sector has made the temperature measurement technology for aero-engine turbine blades essential for maintaining the engine's safe and steady performance. The non-contact temperature measurement technology is a trending research focus in turbine blade temperature measurement due to its benefits of not requiring direct touch with the object being measured and its suitability for high-temperature and high-speed conditions. This paper provides a concise overview of various key non-contact temperature measurement methods for aero-engines, such as fluorescence temperature measurement, fiber-optic temperature measurement, and radiation temperature measurement. It discusses the temperature measurement principle, technical characteristics, and the current research status both domestically and internationally. Based on this, this Review further discusses the main challenges faced by the non-contact temperature measurement technology and the development trend of the future.