Aviation Complexes Research Articles

INDICATORS AND CRITERIA OF EFFICIENCY EVALUATION OF SAFETY AVIATION COMPLEXES APPLICATION

Military conflicts of the late XX – early XXI centuries are characterized by the use of a large number of new weapons, which allowed the enemies to distance themselves as far as possible from the direct collision with each other. Unmanned aviation complexes, which during the military conflicts proved their ability to conduct air reconnaissance, damage objects and perform other combat support tasks, became one of the newest examples of weapons on the battlefield. The possibility of successfully solving of various tasks with the help of unmanned aviation complexes was demonstrated during the military conflicts in the Middle East (1982-2008), the Balkans (1999), Afghanistan (2001-2008) and the Caucasus (1994-2008). Nowadays, there is a large number of diverse literature about using unmanned aerial systems during armed conflicts over the past decades. However, the only approach to assessing the effectiveness of using unmanned aviation complexes of special purpose in known sources has not been developed. In this article, the authors proposed indicators and criteria for assessing the effectiveness of using unmanned aviation complexes of special purpose. During the research authors were using the basic provisions of the theory of complex technical systems; method of expert assessments; the method of analysis of hierarchies, methods of multidimensional comparative, general scientific and structural-functional analysis. The indicators and criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of using of special purpose non-pilot aviation complexes, which were proposed in the article, can be used to evaluate the information obtained with equipment operating in the mode of fixed and continuous shooting of individual areas. The indicators proposed in the article can be used for comparative evaluation of several unmanned aviation complexes of special purpose, that allow to assess the level of technical perfection of unmanned aerial systems and choose the most perfect for the implementation of a specific type of task.

МЕТОДИКА ВИБОРУ РАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО ТИПУ І ВАРІАНТА ОБЛАДНАННЯ БЕЗПІЛОТНИХ ЛІТАЛЬНИХ АПАРАТІВ ДЛЯ ВИКОНАННЯ ЗАВДАНЬ

Стаття присвячена вирішенню проблем, пов'язаних з вибором оптимального типу та варіанту безпілотних літальних апаратів. В основному, сучасні одиниці безпілотних авіаційних комплексів озброєні декількома видами безпілотних літальних апаратів. У кожного з них є кілька можливих варіантів обладнання для різних завдань. Кожного разу при плануванні стадії застосування командир безпілотних літальних апаратів комплексу повинен вирішити проблему про обґрунтований вибір раціонального типу та варіанту обладнання БпЛА для забезпечення ефективного виконання завдання. Ефективність використання безпілотних літальних апаратів оцінюється численними показниками. Тому тип і варіант вибору обладнання для безпілотних літальних апаратів повинні базуватися на використанні математичних методів багатокритеріальної оцінки, що визначає проблему та актуальність дослідження. Метою статті є вдосконалення існуючої методики вибору раціонального типу і обладнання безпілотних авіаційних комплексів з використанням методів багатокритеріального оцінювання з метою забезпечення ефективного виконання завдань підрозділами безпілотних авіаційних комплексів. Результати. У статті розглянуті існуючі математичні методи багатокритеріальної оцінки та запропоновано вдосконалену техніку вибору раціонального типу та обладнання для безпілотних літальних апаратів, що базується на аналізі часткових методів та використання комбінації методу аналізу ієрархії і методу медіан Кемені. Запропонована практична реалізація вдосконаленої методології базується на використанні методу аналізу ієрархії для підтримки та прийняття рішення в інформаційно-автоматизованій системі. Це забезпечить ефективне виконання завдань безпілотними літальними апаратами.

Forming a Rational Makeup of Prospective Aviation Complexes

Forming a Rational Makeup of Prospective Aviation Complexes

Prospects for the Intellectualization of State-of-the-Art Aviation Systems

This article, based on a paper heard at a meeting of the RAS Presidium, analyzes the main problems of and trends in the intellectualization of state-of-the-art aviation complexes. The obtaining and intelligent processing of heterogeneous information, intelligent management, and aircraft “self-sensing,” as well as intelligent interaction within the pilot–aircraft contour, are highlighted as key functional objectives for the foreseeable future. The primary focus is made on the intelligent processing of measuring and video information, including the automatic mutual referencing and uniting of measuring and geospatial information into a visual complex; continuous provision of an accurate, authentic, and holistic image of the surroundings to the crew, regardless of weather and time conditions; recognition and prediction of dangerous combinations of factors considering the flight path; assessment of the crew’s psychophysiological condition; changes in the external environment and technical condition of the aircraft; and recommendations for the crew to escape or prevent abnormal situations.

CLASSIFICATION OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE FOR CRIMINALISTIC PRACTICE

The paper clarifies the notion and develops generalized classification of unmanned aerial vehicles. There is substantiated the need to consider the proposed classification in the formulation of criminalistic requirements for tactical and technical data of unmanned aerial vehicles and systems, unmanned aviation complexes and characteristics of their targeted equipment, compliance with which will be most of all correspond to the satisfaction of urgent needs of the Field Criminalistics.

Модель живучести сложного объекта в условиях нанесения массированного авиационного удара

The article describes the main provisions of a mathematical model of the survivability of a complex object in a drawing massive air strike, reflecting the process of leaving drums of aviation complexes of the enemy in a given area and to overcome them multifunctional air defense system under cover of objects by means of an integrated (electronic and fire), and taking into account the two-way nature of the conduct EW. The model is based on the representation of these processes in the form of semi-Markov processes described by direct integral-differential equations of the principle of state space extension and application of the Laplace transform.

Features of applying systems approach for evaluating the reliability of cryogenic systems for special purposes

Summary. The analysis of cryogenic installations confirms objective regularity of increase in amount of the tasks solved by systems of a special purpose. One of the most important directions of development of a cryogenics is creation of installations for air separation product receipt, namely oxygen and nitrogen. Modern aviation complexes require use of these gases in large numbers as in gaseous, and in the liquid state. The onboard gas systems applied in aircraft of the Russian Federation are subdivided on: oxygen system; air (nitric) system; system of neutral gas; fire-proof system. Technological schemes ADI are in many respects determined by pressure of compressed air or, in a general sense, a refrigerating cycle. For the majority ADI a working body of a refrigerating cycle the divided air is, that is technological and refrigerating cycles in installation are integrated. By this principle differentiate installations: low pressure; average and high pressure; with detander; with preliminary chilling. There is also insignificant number of the ADI types in which refrigerating and technological cycles are separated. These are installations with external chilling. For the solution of tasks of control of technical condition of the BRV hardware in real time and estimates of indicators of reliability it is offered to use multi-agent technologies. Multi-agent approach is the most acceptable for creation of SPPR for reliability assessment as allows: to redistribute processing of information on elements of system that leads to increase in overall performance; to solve a problem of accumulating, storage and recycling of knowledge that will allow to increase significantly efficiency of the solution of tasks of an assessment of reliability; to considerably reduce intervention of the person in process of functioning of system that will save time of the person of the making decision (PMD) and will not demand from it special skills of work with it.

Features of applying systems approach for evaluating the reliability of cryogenic systems for special purposes

Summary. The analysis of cryogenic installations confirms objective regularity of increase in amount of the tasks solved by systems of a special purpose. One of the most important directions of development of a cryogenics is creation of installations for air separation product receipt, namely oxygen and nitrogen. Modern aviation complexes require use of these gases in large numbers as in gaseous, and in the liquid state. The onboard gas systems applied in aircraft of the Russian Federation are subdivided on: oxygen system; air (nitric) system; system of neutral gas; fire-proof system. Technological schemes ADI are in many respects determined by pressure of compressed air or, in a general sense, a refrigerating cycle. For the majority ADI a working body of a refrigerating cycle the divided air is, that is technological and refrigerating cycles in installation are integrated. By this principle differentiate installations: low pressure; average and high pressure; with detander; with preliminary chilling. There is also insignificant number of the ADI types in which refrigerating and technological cycles are separated. These are installations with external chilling. For the solution of tasks of control of technical condition of the BRV hardware in real time and estimates of indicators of reliability it is offered to use multi-agent technologies. Multi-agent approach is the most acceptable for creation of SPPR for reliability assessment as allows: to redistribute processing of information on elements of system that leads to increase in overall performance; to solve a problem of accumulating, storage and recycling of knowledge that will allow to increase significantly efficiency of the solution of tasks of an assessment of reliability; to considerably reduce intervention of the person in process of functioning of system that will save time of the person of the making decision (PMD) and will not demand from it special skills of work with it.

Methods of accounting engineer-psychological factors in preparing the operators for aviation complexes

Розглянуто методи обліку інженерно-психологічних факторов при підготовці операторів авіаційних комплексів. Розроблена структура індивідуальності особистості