Normal Total Cholesterol Levels Research Articles

Effect of chronic uremia on plasma lipids and the aortic accumulation of cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic rabbits.

14 rabbits were made uremic by extensive cauterization and subsequent removal of the contralateral kidney, resulting in a mean plasma creatinine concentration four times the value observed in a sham-operated control group. The animals were killed after 10 weeks of uremia. During the last 7 weeks the rabbits were fed an individually adjusted amount of cholesterol in order to maintain the same elevated level of plasma cholesterol in both groups. The triglyceride concentration was four times higher in the uremic than in the control group. In spite of the same average level of total plasma cholesterol the uremic rabbits had a lower concentration of cholesterol in the VLDL-fraction than the controls. None of the aortas had intimal lesions macroscopically. There were no significant differences between the two groups in the 48-hour accumulation of radioactive cholesterol or in the amount of free and esterified cholesterol in the aortas. Thus, no significant effect on cholesterol accumulation by uremia in the aorta of hypercholesterolemic rabbits was demonstrated.

In vivo chemotaxis of rat leukocytes in the presence of circulating chylomicrons

Dietary-induced chylomicronemia was produced in rats to determine its effect on the chemotactic activity of 51Cr-labelled adoptively transferred isologous leukocytes. Rats fed a low protein high fat diet for 2 months had normal total plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels, but increased amounts of chylomicrons. Circulating neutrophils and monocytes from animals on a normal diet were able to phagocytose chylomicrons from plasma of those animals on the special diet. Peritoneal exudate cells from the latter animals contained intracellular chylomicrons demonstratable both histologically and biochemically. Neutrophils and mononuclear cells from normal or special fed animals, when transferred to chylomicronemic recipients, had a reduced ability to accumulate at the site of a complement-dependent inflammatory reaction but circulated normally. The defective chemotactic activity observed could be duplicated when cells were allowed to ingest aggregated protein instead of chylomicrons. It was concluded that circulating leukocytes ingest chylomicrons from the plasma with a resultant reduction in their chemotactic activity. The results were discussed in relation to the increased incidence of infection in diabetes characterized by Type I and V hyperlipidemias. It was also suggested that phagocytosis of particulate substances by entrapped leukocytes in atherosclerotic lesions would induce phagocytic enzyme release which could contribute to the eventual destruction of the vascular wall.

Circulating lipids in the golden hamster ( Mesocricetus auratus)

1. 1. Golden hamster normal serum levels of total lipids, free and total cholesterol, phospholipid, free fatty acids and corticosteroids were determined. 2. 2. Circulating lipoproteins were studied in terms of their electrophoretic mobility, metabolic half-life, polyanion agglutination and lipid composition. 3. 3. Circulating lipid levels and metabolic patterns in the golden hamster were then discussed and compared with those of other rodents and man.

Serum lipid and lipoprotein levels in normal Chinese

Serum lipid and lipoprotein levels in normal healthy Chinese adults were determined. The average serum total lipid, cholesterol, triglyceride and phospholipid levels were 568 ± 96, 181 ± 34, 90 ± 35 and 181 ± 28 mg/100 ml, respectively. Serum cholesterol in Chinese appeared to be significantly lower than that in Caucasians. The possible cause of this difference is discussed in terms of variations of dietary intake between these ethnic groups.

Epedemiological Studies on Cardio-Vascular Diseases

Mass examination was carried out in a rural district (Hirai, Fujioka City) of Gunma Prefecture in order to compare manifestations of cardiovascular diseases between Japanese urban and rural adults. Examinees numbered 1, 285, aged above 40 (559 males and 726 females). In the report are given serum total cholesterol levels and fat deposits (skin-fold thickness) at 31 sites of the body, obtained from 472 subjects (185 males and 287 females) who were screened as having essential hypertension ; and these are compared with the results of similar survey performed by Dr. Suda with 398 essential hypertensive patients of similar ages (233 males and 165 females) in the 1st Tokyo National Hospital. Important findings are as follows : 1) Average serum total cholesterol level is higher in the urban (Tokyo) than in the rural (Hirai) regions without regard to age and sex. 2) Male fat deposits tend to be greater in Tokyo than in Hirai, whereas female ones (especially in abdominal region) can conversely be said greater in Hirai, despite lower serum total cholesterol level. 3) In both regions, serum total cholesterol level rises with age, or remains the same as in the previous decades, whereas fat deposits show marked fall from the respective preceding decades in the fifties in the male and in the seventies in the female. 4) In neither of the regions serum total cholesterol level and fat deposits can be said greater in those whose systolic blood pressure exceeds 200 mmHg.

SERUM CHOLESTEROL REDUCTION BY PARA-AMINOSALICYLATES IN MAN. I-131 TRIOLEIN ABSORPTION STUDIES.

SummaryDaily oral administration of 9 and 12 g of acid PAS to 7 patients in 9 experimental periods of 6 to 19 weeks duration resulted in significant reductions of the average total serum cholesterol concentration in each subject by 15 to 35%. The average fall for the group was 29%. Daily oral administration of 12 g of sodium PAS to 14 patients for 5 to 14 weeks was followed by a significant fall of average total serum cholesterol levels in only 7 patients by 11 to 26%. The average fall for these subjects was 19%. The remaining 7 patients showed no statistically significant variation of serum cholesterol following administration of oral sodium PAS. The absorption and fecal elimination of I-131 triolein was studied during the administration of PAS in a total of 20 experiments. In 6 patients I-131 triolein absorption tests were carried out during control periods and after the reduction of serum cholesterol levels by the administration of PAS. Five patients, in whom oral administration of sodium PAS failed to...

Age related changes in plasma cholesterol of the chicken.

SummaryThe average total plasma cholesterol level of hens from 8 to 57 months old was 197 mg% and did not vary with age. The cholesterol level of males remained relatively constant at 139 mg% between 8 and 25 months, but by 35-38 months it had risen significantly to 155 mg%. At 45 months of age. a small group of males had a level of 209 mg%.

Effect of choline chloride on development of atherosclerosis in the rabbit.

The degree of aortic atherosclerosis found in 14 male rabbits given 1 g of cholesterol in gelatin capsules 6 days a week for 9 weeks showed a highly significant positive linear correlation with the average blood total cholesterol level.