Average Recovery Time Research Articles

ФОРМАЛІЗАЦІЯ ПРОЦЕСУ РОЗРОБЛЕННЯ ДІАГНОСТИЧНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ РАДІОЕЛЕКТРОННИХ ЗАСОБІВ

The authors analyze modern achievements in technical diagnostics and metrology and their possibility to improve the quality of diagnostic support of promising and existing radio-electronic technical means. A general algorithm for the development of diagnostic support for radio-electronic devices is proposed, taking into account their structure, repair conditions, and metrological support to minimize the average recovery time. Keywords: radio-electronic means, technical diagnostics, diagnostic and metrological support.

Evaluation of the Therapeutic Effect of 15 ppm Silver Nanoparticle Spray Compared to Clotrimazole 1% on Candida Vaginitis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

In vitro and in vivo researches have shown that silver nanoparticles have more antimicrobial properties with a lower concentration than antifungal agents against candida vaginitis. Therefore, this study evaluated the therapeutic effect of silver nanoparticles (Nivasha spray15ppm) compared to clotrimazole 1% vaginal cream on candida vaginitis. In this clinical trial study, 110 women with confirmed candida vaginitis randomly were divided into test (n=58) and control (n=52) groups. Silver nanoparticles spray with an applicator (Nivasha 15 ppm), and clotrimazole 1% were administered to test and control groups, respectively. Then, within ten days, post-intervention checkup and patient self-reported for treatment results were recorded in checklists and the data were analyzed statistically. The improvement rate in test group (98.0%) was 1.44 times higher than in control (67.9%). Moreover, disease symptoms after the intervention (including unusual secretions, itching and burning, redness) in test group were significantly less than in the control, but there was no significant difference in the ratio of edema in two groups (p=0.071). Furthermore, the average recovery time (days) of all symptoms in test group was lower than control (p<0.05). Finally, the rate of patients' satisfaction with the treatment process in the test group (76.9%) was more than control (46.6%) (p=0.004). Nivasha spray had more effectiveness compared to the clotrimazole 1%. Therefore, it can be used as an alternative drug in the treatment of Candida vaginitis.

Comparison of Sedation Quality and Pain with Propofol-Thiopental Sodium Versus Propofol-Etomidate in Cataract Surgery

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of Propofol + Sodium thiopental (Thiofol) versus Propofol + Etomidate (Etofol) in achieving a more favorable sedation during phacoemulsification. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial.Methods: A total of 64 patients (25 females and 39 males) were assessed with an average age of 65.14 ± 13.34 years. Patients who underwent elective phacoemulsification operation under sedation and were randomly divided into the Propofol + Sodium thiopental (Thiofol) and Propofol + Etomidate (Etofol) groups. There were 32 patients in each group. Demographic information, sedation level, medical condition, anesthetic complications, hemodynamic parameters prior to, during, and following the operation, and the visual analog scale (VAS) were measured by an anesthesiologist and compared. Results: The groups showed significant differences in the levels of Ramsay scores (P&lt;0.001). The frequency of Ramsay scores 2 and 3 was 43.75%, 56.25%, and 0%, 100% in Etofol, and Thiofol groups, respectively. The average recovery time showed a significant increase in the Etofol group compared to the Thiofol group (P&lt;0.001); the VAS in the Thiofol group showed a significant rise compared to the Etofol group (P &lt;0.001). Conclusions: Although the sedation quality while phacoemulsification cataract surgery was acceptable with both drugs and the results between groups were not significantly different considering recovery time and pain control, recovery time was less in Etofol and pain control was more effective in Thiofol.

Advancements in Performance of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Ambulatory Surgery Centers: Outcomes and Lessons From 1250+ Cases

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of routine ambulatory percutaneous nephrolithotomy in a freestanding ambulatory surgical center. MethodsPatients were treated between 2015-2022 by one of three experienced endourologists in Maryland. The surgery center is free-standing, with the nearest hospital approximately 10 minutes away. Patient characteristics and surgical datapoints, including need for transfer, were gathered prospectively at the time of surgery. Subset analyses were performed in patients with staghorn calculi or elevated body mass index, as they represent higher risk populations. ResultsA total of 1267 patients underwent ambulatory percutaneous nephrolithotomy with a median stone diameter of 32mm. The average recovery time was 87 minutes, with 1.7% of patients requiring transfer to the hospital, generally for postoperative hypotension or inadequate pain control. 166 patients with body mass index >40 were safely treated, with no significant difference in transfer rate (p=0.5). 2.8% of patients had a complication, with the majority being Clavien-Dindo grade I or II. 88 patients with staghorn calculi were treated, with a 6% transfer rate. Staghorn calculi were the only factor found on multivariable analysis to be a significant predictor of transfer (OR 3.56 (1.17-10.82) p<.05). ConclusionsAmbulatory percutaneous nephrolithotomy may safely be performed in a surgery center in most patients. These outcomes reflect the real-world experience of high-volume surgeons and demonstrate a multi-year paradigm shift in percutaneous nephrolithotomy from an inpatient procedure to an outpatient procedure in a surgery center.

Wound healing efficacy of a polymeric spray film solution containing Centella asiatica leaf extract on acute wounds

Objective: To study the clinical efficacy of a polymeric spray film containing Centella asiatica extract to heal acute wounds. Method: A polymeric spray film solution for wound healing was formulated using Centella asiatica extract, which contained triterpenes, including asiatic acid, madecassic acid, asiaticoside and madecassoside. The stability and physicochemical properties of the formulation were evaluated, and a multicentre, randomised, controlled trial was conducted to assess its clinical wound-healing efficacy. The Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH Tool) score was used to evaluate wound healing on days 0, 3, 5 and 7. Results: The cohort consisted of 60 volunteers with clean-contaminated wounds (class 1), randomly assigned to the Control (n=30) and Testing (n=30) groups. The spray product contained asiatic acid, madecassic acid, asiaticoside and madecassoside at 0.20±0.02mg/ml, 0.16±0.01mg/ml, 0.32±0.03mg/ml and 0.10±0.00mg/ml, respectively. The pH value was 5.5±0.01, and the viscosity was 33±4cP. The product was stable for six months when stored at 30±2°C and at 40±2°C, in 75±5% relative humidity. The tested product significantly reduced the total PUSH and exudate scores, indicating that the polymeric spray film solution containing Centella asiatica improved wound healing. The average healing recovery times for the Testing and Control groups were 4.6±1.1 days and 4.87±1.0 days, respectively. Conclusion: In this study, Centella asiatica extract-containing polymeric spray film solution was beneficial as an acute wound medication, which could shorten healing time with no adverse effects.

Good Prognosis of Adult Immune Thrombocytopenia in a Provincial Hospital

Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease resulting from platelet destruction and impaired platelet production. Some patients experience relapses or refractoriness after corticosteroid treatment, necessitating second-line treatments. The majority of adult ITP cases become chronic or relapsing. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical course and identify factors related to sustained responses to treatment in patients with ITP. Methods: This observational retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 2013 to December 2022 at Trang Hospital, Trang Province, Thailand. Results: A total of 125 newly diagnosed ITP patients were enrolled, with an average follow-up duration of 48.49 ± 41.49 (mean ± SD) months. The average age was 42.34 ± 18.44 years, the average platelet count was 11.66 ± 14.39 x 10 9 /L, and the average platelet recovery time after treatment was 43.14 ± 101.32 days. The mean response duration after the first-line treatment was 25.99 ± 29.39 months. The characteristics of the patients were as follows: age below 60 years (78.4%), female sex (75.2%), pregnancy (1.6%), primary ITP (67.2%), secondary ITP (32.8%), bleeding symptoms (54.4%), platelet count &amp;lt;10 x 10 9 /L (64%), platelet count 10-30 x 10 9 /L (28.8%), platelet count 30-50 x 10 9 /L (5.6%), platelet count &amp;gt;50 x 10 9 /L (1.6%), splenectomy (4%), observation only (2.4%), loss to follow-up (10.4%), and death (4%). The most common cause of secondary ITP was systemic lupus erythematosus (63%). The first-line treatment consisted of dexamethasone (70.4%), prednisolone (23.2%), and/or intravenous immunoglobulin (4%). The clinical courses were as follows: recovery within 3 months in 68.8%, persistence in 13.6%, and chronic ITP in 17.6%. The sustained responses to corticosteroid treatment at 6 months included complete response (CR) (58.4%) and response (R) (9.6%), as shown in Table 1. Second-line treatments were required in 22.4% of cases, including colchicine (60.7%), azathioprine (35.7%), cyclophosphamide (25%), dapsone (17.8%), vincristine (10.7%), mycophenolate mofetil (7.1%), cyclosporine (3.5%), and/or eltrombopag (3.5%). The sustained responses to second-line treatments at 6 months were CR in 12% and R in 8.8%. Female sex ( P-value 0.007) and primary ITP ( P-value 0.046) were significantly associated with the sustained response (CR+R) to corticosteroids at 6 months. Secondary ITP ( P-value 0.036) was also associated with the sustained response (CR+R) to second-line treatments at 6 months (Table 2). Conclusions: This study reveals a favorable prognosis for ITP, with a majority of patients showing sustained response (CR+R), which differs from findings in studies conducted at referral centers. Female patients and those with primary ITP are more likely to respond. Further confirmation is needed through a large prospective cohort study in community hospitals.

Fabrication and characterization of suspended La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 nanofibers for high-sensitive and fast-responsive infrared bolometer

La1−x Sr x MnO3 manganite oxides have shown great potential for infrared (IR) sensing. In this study, La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) nanofibers, synthesized by a simple electrospinning process, are suspended between gold interdigitated electrode (IDE). These electrodes, which acts as a supporting platform for the dangling nanofiber, are microelectromechanical systems based that can be fabricated quickly and economically with fewer fabrication steps. Due to the large surface-area-to-volume ratio, these fibers have outstanding thermo-electrical properties, which puts them in the leagues of materials suitable for IR sensing. Performance-wise these hanging nanofibers belong to a class of promising thermal sensors due to negligible thermal loss. The optoelectrical characterization shows its temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) is −1.48%K−1, and its electrical resistance follows an inverse square law for distance from the IR source. The fabricated LSMO nanofibers based microbolometer has a significantly low thermal time constant with average thermal response and recovery time of 63 ms and 77 ms, respectively. Furthermore, they show encouraging bolometric properties with thermal conductance, thermal capacitance, voltage responsivity, and thermal noise limited detectivity of 3.6 × 10−3WK−1, 0.2268 × 10−3JK−1 , 1.96 × 105VW−1, and 3.7 × 108cm Hz1/2W−1 respectively. The high voltage responsivity and TCR, commensurate with the ultralow response and recovery time confirm that the fabricated Microbolometer can find industrial applications as thermal sensors.

Метод выбора рациональной тактики восстановления работоспособности шахтных вентиляционных систем

Enhancing the reliability and efficiency of mine ventilation systems is one of the most urgent and complex tasks in ensuring the safety of mining operations. During the first stage of improving the reliability and efficiency of mine ventilation systems the developed method of selecting a rational approach to restoring the system performance (the ‘tactical’ method) is used, which allows to increase the recoverability of the system without changing its baseline configuration. This results in improving of both the availability ratio of the mine ventilation systems due to a decrease in the average recovery time, and the longwall production rates because of decreasing downtime due to the ventilation factor. The 'tactical' method is used in the process of modeling the base case of mine ventilation systems to select measures that would ensure rational strategies to address current failures of the system, i.e. recurrent disturbances of the required air distribution modes. The algorithm of the 'tactical' method is based on the optimal control of air distribution with the help of dynamically selected tactical measures with due account for the duration of their implementation. The stage of improving the reliability and efficiency of mine ventilation systems by applying the 'tactical' method involves implementation of the approach to rationally select the locations and priorities of measures to address the failures based on segmentation of the mine ventilation systems and the use of tactical rules. The lists of proposed tactical measures are designed as influence matrices. Initially, the shortest of the proposed measures are selected and the air distribution is controlled using simulation of these measures. For those of the selected measures that were required for regulation, the costs of their implementation are calculated, and those that were not used are excluded from the list of the proposed measures. Execution of the 'tactical' method algorithm is completed either when the operation of the mine ventilation systems is restored, or when the list of suggested tactical measures, selected with the unchanged structure of the mine ventilation systems, is exhausted. Enhanced recoverability of the mine ventilation systems results in both increased safety of mining operations in terms of the ventilation factor and ensuring comfortable working conditions for the miners.

Method of justification of the requirements for metrological support of repair of objects with variable structure

A new method of justification of the requirements for measuring equipment (ME) is proposed. For the first time, the method accounts for the potential variability of the product structure during its intended use, and thus, allows minimizing the requirements concerning the probability of estimating the values of diagnostic parameters of the product during its current repair (CR), thereby reducing the cost of ME. In addition, partial (in particular, time between failures and average recovery time) and multi-component (in particular, the readiness/non-readiness factors) values of the reliability indices are quantitatively estimated and which meet the requirements. The task is solved algorithmically using the approaches of technical diagnostics and metrology. Based on the prescribed requirements for the reliability indices of the product, the justified ME for CR is selected. To achieve the goal, recent advances in modelling the reliability of large-scale facilities and systems with variable structure, as well as metrology methods for assessing the impact of the reliability of the ME on the value of the average recovery time of multimode facilities during their CR are involved. To our best knowledge, the application of these possibilities has not been reported yet. The paper formalizes the procedure for applying the obtained results in the form of an algorithm, which allows increasing the efficiency of the method, benefiting from its advantages. The application of the proposed method is illustrated for a piece of real communication equipment, namely a subsystem controlling the functioning of a high-power radio transmitter. It is demonstrated that, based on the requirements stated in the guidance documents regarding the value of the average recovery time of an object with variable structure, the selection of metrological characteristics and type of ME can be justified. Alternatively, the problem can be solved based on the given value of the reliability index of a multicomponent product, the so-called readiness factor. An example of assessing the efficiency by the proposed method is presented. The proposed method is recommended for the development of metrological support for CR of prospective radio-electronic tools with variable structure.

Highly Breathable, Stretchable, and Tailorable TPU Foam for Flexible Gas Sensors.

Continuous real-time monitoring of air quality is of great significance in the realms of environmental monitoring, personal safety, and healthcare. Recently, flexible gas sensors have gained great popularity for their potential to be integrated into various smart wearable electronics and display devices. However, the development of gas sensors with superior sensitivity, breathability, and stretchability remains a challenge. Here, a new high porosity thermoplastic polyurethane (HP-TPU) foam was reported for gas sensors, which exhibited large three-dimensional network structures and excellent mechanical properties. The HP-TPU foam was achieved by using a simple steam-induced method, which was suitable for mass production. The unique structure endowed this foam with 77.5% porosity, 260% strain ability, and 0.45 MPa Young's modulus, which improved 35, 31, and 80%, respectively, compared to previously reported traditional TPU foam (T-TPU) prepared by the drying method. In addition, the foam presented high gas permeability (312 g/m-2, 24 h) and excellent stability, and it remained undamaged even after 2000 cycles at 70% strain. The sensing material was coated on a PET flexible interdigital electrode and sandwiched between two HP-TPU foam layers for a gas sensitivity test. Due to the easy diffusion of gas between the pores and contact with the sensing materials, the HP-TPU foam exhibited a significant reduction of 85% in average response time and 46% in average recovery time, compared to the T-TPU foam. A wearable sensing device, comprising sensing, data processing, and wireless transmission modules, was successfully developed to enable outdoor testing and achieved a detection range at the ppb level. Finally, the cytotoxicity test results confirmed that this flexible gas sensor did not harm human health. These results proved that this HP-TPU foam was an ideal matrix for the flexible gas sensor, exhibiting great application potential in the fields of seamless human-machine integration.

Comparison of the Effect of Using Collective Plus Ag Dressing and Vaseline Gauze Dressing in the Donor of Split-Thickness Burn Grafts.

Skin graft involves removing a part of the skin and using it in another part of the body. One of the most common reasons for using a graft is burns. We aimed to compare the effect of Colactive plus Ag dressing with Vaseline gauze dressing in donor sites of split-thickness skin grafts of burned patients. The present study was conducted as a randomized clinical trial (RCT) in the Motahari burn Hospital, Tehran, Iran in 1401. The sampling method was done using Cochran's formula and available patients so 15 people were enrolled. The findings of the study were collected using a researcher-made form. The average duration of recovery, the amount and intensity of pain, and the amount of itching between the two types of Colative plus Ag plus Ag dressing with Vaseline gauze are statistically significant at the 95% confidence level. (P-value<0.05). In addition, the findings showed that the average amount of scar left by the wound in the two types of dressings examined is not statistically significant at the 95% confidence level (P-value > 0.05). The use of Colactive silver dressing has less pain, less itching in the donor area, and a shorter average recovery time than Vaseline gauze. The use of the Colactive plus Ag will be more effective than Vaseline gauze.

Iatrogenic ulnar nerve palsy associated with supracondylar humeral fracture in children: A systemic review on its management

Background Supracondylar humeral fractures (SCHFs) are among the most common pediatric fractures. Closed reduction and percutaneous pinning are considered the established gold standard. Biomechanically, cross-pinning is resilient for any axial rotation, but the medial pin increases the risk of iatrogenic injury to the ulnar nerve. Objective A systematic review was conducted to provide an evidence-based analysis of the literature on the management of iatrogenic ulnar nerve injury caused by the medial pin during closed reduction and percutaneous fixation of displaced SCHF in children. Methods MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and ScienceDirect databases were searched to identify all articles that reported ulnar nerve injury caused by the medial pin during closed reduction and percutaneous fixation of displaced SCHF in children and suggested the management. Reference lists from the articles retrieved were further scrutinized to identify any additional studies of interest. Results One thousand six hundred and six articles on SCHF treated by closed reduction and cross-pinning were identified initially with 25 studies included in the analysis after screening. Four thousand six hundred and seventy-five children sustained SCHF with a median age of 7 years. Of 3036 children treated by closed reduction and cross pinning, 205 (6.75%) were diagnosed with iatrogenic ulnar nerve injury. The management involves observation only, removal of the medial pin, or exploration. The average recovery time in the group treated by removal of wire was statistically shorter than the other two groups. Conclusion The evidence suggests surgical exploration of the ulnar nerve can be delayed for up to 7 months, with most studies favouring observation only. In selected cases, immediate removal of the medial pin should be considered.

Application of the algorithm for finding the outer median of a graph in the problems of determining the reliability of technical systems

The problem of locating a service center for technical systems with known values of failure flows is considered. This problem was solved using the minisum algorithm of graph theory. The dependence of the system availability factor on the average time between failures and the average recovery time of the system elements is obtained. It is shown that the optimal location of the maintenance point is the median of the graph located at one of its vertices.

A Comparative Analysis of High Availability for Linux Container Infrastructures

In the current era of prevailing information technology, the requirement for high availability and reliability of various types of services is critical. This paper focusses on the comparison and analysis of different high-availability solutions for Linux container environments. The objective was to identify the strengths and weaknesses of each solution and to determine the optimal container approach for common use cases. Through a series of structured experiments, basic performance metrics were collected, including average service recovery time, average transfer rate, and total number of failed calls. The container platforms tested included Docker, Kubernetes, and Proxmox. On the basis of a comprehensive evaluation, it can be concluded that Docker with Docker Swarm is generally the most effective high-availability solution for commonly used Linux containers. Nevertheless, there are specific scenarios in which Proxmox stands out, for example, when fast data transfer is a priority or when load balancing is not a critical requirement.

Injuries and complaints in the Brazilian national volleyball male team: a case study

BackgroundThe literature reports a vast amount of epidemiological information on injuries in volleyball athletes. However, little is known about the incidence of injuries in elite athletes of international level participating in major competitions, such as world championships and Olympic games. The objective of the study was to analyse the incidence of injuries in elite professional volleyball athletes, and the prevalence of complaints reported by athletes.MethodsThis is a case study in which data were collected between April 2018 and August 2021. All the athletes called to play for the Brazilian national male volleyball team during the analysis period participated. From the athletes’ medical records, the occurrence of injuries (injurious events that lead to a time off from activities) and complaints (discomforts that did not lead to a time off from activities) were analysed. Frequency data were used to calculate incidence, prevalence and ratios.ResultsFrom 41 athletes who played for the team during the analysed period, 12 athletes had 28 injuries and 38 athletes reported 402 complaints. For injuries, an incidence of seven injuries/1,000 h of competition and two injuries/1,000 h of training was observed. The average recovery time of the athletes was 10 days. The regions with the highest prevalence of injuries were the knee (111/1,000 athletes) and ankle (69/1,000 athletes). For complaints, 402 complaints required 1,085 treatment sessions, with the regions with the highest prevalence of complaints being the knee (261/1,000 complaints) followed by the shoulders (236/1,000 complaints). Athletes aged above 23 years and those playing as middle blockers and outside hitters presented a higher prevalence of injuries and complaints.ConclusionsAlmost one-third of the athletes had injuries and almost all athletes reported complaints during the study period. Injuries and complaints were more prevalent in the knees. Complaints caused a high demand for the healthcare team. To manage risk of injuries for overload, specific injury prevention strategies are needed and should be included as an essential component of the training plan for elite volleyball players.

Calcination temperatures influence the chemo-resistive gas sensing properties of biogenic zinc oxide nanoparticles with antibacterial activity

This study aimed to optimize Garcinia indica leaf extract mediated biogenic synthesis of antibacterial zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) and investigate how the calcination temperatures influence the structural and gas sensing properties of ZnO NPs. To study the effects of calcination temperatures, the optimally biosynthesized ZnO NPs were calcined at different temperatures in the range of 350-500 °C, used for the fabrication of thin films and characterized by various spectroscopic and imaging techniques. Characterization techniques confirmed that ZnO NPs were spherical with crystallite size in the range of 20-30 nm, mesoporous (with slit-shaped pores 1-10 nm), and had low band gap energy. Further, calcination temperatures were found to significantly influence the defect energy levels, porosity, surface roughness, and oxygen vacancies. In addition, the variation in calcination temperature was found to influence the gas response (Rg/Ra), relative response (%), sensitivity, response time, recovery time, and reproducibility. A higher gas response (231) was recorded for a thin film of ZnO NPs calcined at 400 °C than other tested temperatures. The average response and recovery time were 1 s and 218 s respectively for differently calcined ZnO NPs. ZnO NPs calcined at 400 °C were also found to exhibit remarkable antibacterial activity against E. coli and B. subtilis.

P-138 Protein concentration of 5 mg/mL in recovery medium for thawed blastocysts is equivalent to 10 mg/mL in post-thaw survival and pregnancy rates

Abstract Study question Are comparable survival and pregnancy rates obtained when recovery media are supplemented with 5mg/mL protein versus customary 10mg/mL protein in Frozen Embryo Transfer cycles? Summary answer Recovery medium containing 5mg/mL protein compared to 10mg/mL yielded similar outcomes in blastocyst survival and pregnancy rates. What is known already Accepted practice has been to culture thawed blastocysts in medium with the same protein concentration as the vitrification media (20% protein) to minimize osmotic stress and optimize survival and implantation rates. The potential to acquire similarly positive outcomes with supplementation of only 5 mg protein/ml has been explored and demonstrated, challenging the requirement for high protein levels in recovery media. Study design, size, duration From July through August 2022, a prospective study was conducted in a university laboratory to compare the survival and implantation rates in Frozen Embryo Transfer cycles using vitrified blastocysts recovered in Continuous Single Culture–NX Complete (CSCM-NXC) (5mg/mL Human Serum Albumin (HSA)) or global HP[LW1] (8.8mg/mL HSA and 1.2mg/mL α-and ß-globulins). 50 blastocysts were warmed per condition. Comparative analyses included survival and implantation rates, beta HCG levels, and clinical pregnancy rates by fetal cardiac activity. Participants/materials, setting, methods To evaluate the effect of protein level in recovery medium for vitrified blastocysts, CSCM-NXC and global HP, with 5mg/mL and 10mg/mL total protein, respectively, were compared. Blastocysts were vitrified in Irvine Scientific Vit Kit – Freeze and were warmed in Irvine Scientific Vit Kit – Warm. Minimum recovery time was the same for all blastocysts (30 minutes), and is defined as the time from completion of the warming procedure to the time of embryo transfer. Main results and the role of chance In both study arms, one blastocyst was removed from the data analysis due to embryo transfer cancellation that was not related to embryo survival or suitability for transfer, resulting in N = 49 for each group. Chi-square analysis was performed to assess statistical significance of all compared parameters, and a p value &amp;lt; 0.05 was considered significant. Average patient age (years) for CSCM-NXC was 36.1 and for global HP, 35.0. There was no difference between blastocysts warmed in CSCM-NXC and global HP in average recovery time, i.e., 3.8 and 3.9 hours, respectively, or survival rates, 98.4% and 98.1% respectively. Comparison of patients with blastocysts warmed in CSCM-NXC reflected a trend towards higher outcomes compared to those in global HP with initial positive beta HCG rates of 64.6% vs 56.3% and ongoing clinical pregnancy rates of 52.1% vs 45.8%, respectively. Implantation rates were 56.1% and 57.7% in CSCM-NXC and global HP, respectively. Incidence of monozygotic twinning of 0% in CSM-NXC and 3.3% in Global HP was observed. Limitations, reasons for caution As this is a challenge to accepted formulation of recovery media for vitrified blastocysts, specifically with respect to protein supplementation - a strategy for minimizing osmotic shock and potential damage to warming embryos - more expansive and robust studies must be undertaken to increase the statistical power of this study. Wider implications of the findings As frozen embryo transfers are utilized more routinely in assisted reproductive treatment, the clinical finding that a commercial recovery medium containing of 5mg/mL protein, the standard for routine embryo culture, can support the recovery of vitrified embryos and lead to successful pregnancy could increase the efficiency in the laboratory. Trial registration number na

Clinical Analysis of Intranasal Dexmedetomidine Combined With Midazolam in Pediatric Cranial Magnetic Resonance Examinations

PurposeTo observe the efficacy and safety of intranasal dexmedetomidine combined with midazolam in cranial magnetic resonance imaging of children. DesignA prospective, observational, single-arm, one-center study. MethodsA total of 474 children were scheduled for cranial 3.0 T MRI at the first time. All patients were initially given 3 mcg/kg dexmedetomidine combined with 0.15 mg/kg midazolam. The one-time success rate, vital signs before and after treatment, onset time, recovery time, and incidence of adverse reactions were recorded. FindingsThe one-time success rate was 78.1%. There were significant differences in respiration, heart rate, and blood oxygen saturation before and after treatment (P < .001). The onset time was 10 (8-15) minutes. The average recovery time was 2.58 ± 1.10 hours. Only 1.27% (6 cases) of adverse reactions were observed, including bradycardia (3 cases, 0.6%), tachycardia (1 case, 0.2%), and startle (2 cases, 0.4%). No special treatment was needed. The success of the examination was significantly correlated with age (OR 1.320, 95% CI 1.019-1.710, P = .035) and onset time (OR 0.959, 95% CI 0.921-0.998, P = .038). ConclusionDexmedetomidine 3 mcg/kg combined with midazolam 0.15 mg/kg intranasally has a good sedative effect in pediatric cranial magnetic resonance examinations, little impact on breathing and circulation, and few adverse reactions. Age and onset time are related factors affecting the one-time success rate.

Examining the Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Jordan's Tourism Industry: Income, Expenditures, and Revenues

Purpose: The worldwide COVID-19 pandemic will undoubtedly harm the world economy, according to the majority of economists, even though it is impossible to estimate the economic harm it will cause. This paper examines the Corona pandemic's economic effects on Jordan's tourism industry. Theoretical Framework: In light of the changes that the world went through as a result of the Corona pandemic and its economic and social repercussions on most countries of the world, The industry of tourism and travel has been devastated by the Corona pandemic to a much greater extent than previous studies have suggested, and the recovery process is taking longer than the anticipated 10-month average recovery time. In order to ensure the expansion of the tourism sector's operational sustainability and capacity, both private and government procedures support needs to be coordinated. Design/methodology/approach: By studying the monthly tourism income and the variables affecting it, such as the number of travelers coming to Jordanian airports, the number of booked hotel rooms, the number of overnight tourists and one-day visitors, and tourism spending, which is mainly affected by the number of Jordanians leaving the country for tourism purposes, using monthly data for the period from 2017 to the end of 2020. Findings: The study showed the enormous effects of the Corona crisis on the tourism sector, as tourism income decreased by more than From 3 billion JOD, and the rate of decline in tourism income and spending for the year 2020 was more than 70% which resulted from a decrease in all variables affecting them at high rates that reached 100% in some months that witnessed complete closures. Research, Practical &amp; Social implications: This paper Focus on the tourism industry sectors. The Chow Breakpoint test was applied to look at the crisis's starting point and determine whether there was a structural change. In this test, the data was split into two sub-samples (pre-crisis from 1/2017 to 2/2020 and the second period from 3/2020 to 12/2020) in order to see if there were any significant differences between the two periods, which determine whether there is a structural change or not. The test contrasts the squared remainders of each subsample equation and the entire sample equation. Originality/value: A disease known as Corona (COVID-19) has recently taken over the world. As a result of industrial closure projects, this disease has forced changes in the industry's performance and operations, adding to the study's originality and raising important questions about its recovery implications. About Jordan's tourism industry. The knowledge gap between economic science and the general public is characterized and critically analyzed in this paper after COVID-19.

Robust function deployment against uncertain recovery time in different protection types with workload-dependent failure probability

Modern network services and functions, such as firewalls, load balancers, and network address translators, are virtualized to virtual network functions (VNFs) and run in virtual machines and containers. This paper proposes a robust VNF placement model against uncertain recovery time with satisfying an expected recovery time guarantee in a cost-efficient manner. We consider that each node fails with a workload-dependent failure probability, which is a non-decreasing function that reveals the empirical relationship between the workload and the failure probability. The preventively deployed backup resources can recover an unavailable function hosted by a failed node in a period of time, which is related to the backup strategies and protection types. Multiple functions protected by a node can share the backup resources to reduce the number of active nodes to save cost, which also affects the recovery time if the number of unavailable functions is so large that the remaining capacity cannot recover them and causes a waiting procedure of an unavailable function before being recovered. We introduce an uncertainty set that considers the upper and lower bounds of the recovery time of a function protected by each node and the upper bound of the average recovery time among nodes. We consider the expected remaining capacity of a node and the expected number of unavailable functions hosted by the node to approximate the waiting time in the shared protection. The robust optimization technique is applied to obtain the worst-case expected recovery time under an uncertain recovery time set. With this technique, the model is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming problem. To solve the problem in a practical time, a heuristic algorithm is developed. It reduces the number of active nodes while decreasing the worst-case expected recovery time within the uncertainty set by converting the linear programming problem to a graph problem. The numerical results reveal the superiority of the proposed model by considering the recovery time guarantee, uncertainty set, and shared protection; we investigate the dependency on the bounds of recovery time.