Average Platelet Volume Research Articles

Assessment of hemograms in military servicemen at different durations of professional activity in the Arctic

Extreme environmental factors can have a negative impact on human hemograms. The goal is to assess hemogram indicators in military personnel with different durations of professional activity in the Arctic during the summer period. We observed two groups with a duration of stay in the Arctic of up to 5 (No.1, n=20) and up to 10 years (No. 2, n=31). We carried out determinations of vitamins B12 and B9, minerals (K, Na, total Ca, ionized Ca, Mg, P, Fe) in blood plasma, and sanitary-chemical studies of water. The diet was assessed based on literature data. Questioned about tobacco smoking. We assessed working conditions according to the degree of harmfulness and danger. Hemoglobin in group No. 2–154.6±0.7, No. 1–156.9±0.9 g/l (p=0.041), the average hemoglobin concentration in the erythrocyte was 334.0±0.6 and 336.2± 0.8 g/l (p=0.008), average hemoglobin content in erythrocytes 29.1±0.2 and 28.0±0.2 (p=0.001), average platelet volume 9.33±0.4 and 9.14±0.05 fl (p=).008. In groups No. 1 and No. 2, respectively, decreased red blood cells in 30.0 % and 6.7 %, decreased hematocrit in 20.0 % and 0 %, increased average volume of red blood cells in 10.0 % and 6.7 %, the hemoglobin content in the erythrocyte is reduced in 20.0 %: and increased in 20.1 %, the average hemoglobin concentration is normal and reduced in 20.1 %, the average platelet volume is normal and increased in 20.1 %, band neutrophils are reduced in 100.0 % and in 80.0 %, segmented — normal and reduced in 13.4 %. Water supply was provided with low-mineralized water, food was provided with canned food; work is harmful in terms of intensity (3.2) and severity (3.2). Quantitative and qualitative changes in blood parameters with different durations of professional activity characterize the versatility of the influence of health risk factors. The data obtained lead to a study of the content of vitamin B12, folic acid, as well as the mineral balance of the body to develop specific preventive interventions to preserve the health of military personnel.

Study of the lipid status and indicators of hemostasis among young men of different ethnic groups to assess thrombogenic risk

The aim of the study was to investigate the lipid status and indicators of the system of hemostasis in healthy young men of different linguistic families of the North Caucasus region to assess the risk of development of thrombogenic states.. Material and methods. A survey of young men aged 18 to 21 years was carried out with the subsequent establishment of region of residence and nationality to form ethnic groups. Based on the information received during the survey, 62 people were selected: 32 young men of the Indo-European language family (Russians, Greeks, Armenians) and 30 young men of the North Caucasian language family (Chechens, Ingush, Avars, Dargins). The assessment of lipid status was carried out by the photocolorimetric method on a biochemical analyzer, and the analysis of indicators of the hemostasis system was carried out by the clotting method on an automatic coagulometer analyzer. Homocysteine levels were determined by chemiluminescent immunoassay on a microplate device. Genetic polymorphisms of the hemostatic system were identified using the real-time PCR. Results. Young men of the Indo-European language family have significantly more low density lipoprotein, triglyceride, homocysteine and antithrombine III content, than representatives of the North Caucasian language family (p < 0.001), and less total number and average platelet volume, prothrombin index, prothrombin concentration according to Quick (p < 0.001). There was also a significantly more frequent occurrence of mutations of the gene encoding fibrinase (p < 0.05) in young men of the Indo-European language family. Conclusions. A comprehensive study among young men of different ethnicities illustrates ethnic differences in lipid status and homocysteine level. Analysis of the main indicators of coagulogram and genetic polymorphism of the hemostasis system allowed us to establish a higher risk of thrombogenic conditions and atherosclerosis in young men of the North Caucasian language family

Тромбоцитарные индексы и их прогностическая значимость у больных хроническим гепатитом С

The purpose — to determine the role of platelet count (Tr) and platelet indices — average platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW) in the prognostic significance of the activity of the infectious process in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Material and methods. 310 CHC patients were under observation. The patients were divided into groups, depending on the number Tr in the phases of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). The first group corresponded to the hypercoagulation phase (Tr > 330 x 109/l, n = 22); the second to the intermediate phase (Tr 330–200 x 109/l, n = 132), the third to hypocoagulation (Tr < 200 x 109/l, n = 91). A group of patients with liver cirrhosis (n = 65), class A (n = 54), class B (n = 11) by Child — Turcotte — Pugh was studied separately. The Tr number and platelet indices PDW and MPV were determined as part of a routine blood test using an automatic analyzer XN-20 (SYSMEX, Japan). Results. The most significant changes in platelet counts were in patients in the phase of hypocoagulation and with liver cirrhosis in comparison with other groups of patients – intermediate phase and hypercoagulation in the form of their growth. In all groups, according to the phases of DIC syndrome, the fibrosis level was lower (p=0.00) compared with patients with liver cirrhosis. Against this background, there was a parallel increase in platelet counts. This confirmed the presence of an inverse correlation between the number of blood plates and the level of liver tissue fibrosis, as well as a direct correlation between the values of platelet parameters: PDW and fibrosis; MPV and fibrosis. An inverse correlation was found between blood platelets and platelet indices PDW and MPV, as well as a direct correlation between PDW and MPV indices. Conclusion. Platelet counts (RDW, MPV) in patients with CHC had an inverse correlation with the number of blood plates and a direct correlation with fibrosis and with each other. The Tr number and platelet indices (RDW, MPV) reflect the activity of the infectious process, which allows using them to predict the course of the disease under the long-term infection with hepatitis C virus.

ВЛИЯНИЕ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ МЕТОТРЕКСАТА НА СОСТОЯНИЕ МИЕЛОПОЭЗА И ТРОМБОЦИТОПОЭЗА У ДЕТЕЙ С ИДИОПАТИЧЕСКИМ АРТРИТОМ

Methotrexate is the mainstay drug in the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The effect of methotrexate on the hematopoietic system manifests itself in the form of its inhibition, contributing to the development of aplastic anemia, leukopenia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. The purpose of the study was to study the effect of methotrexate on the state of the leukocyte and megakaryocyte pool of cells in patients with JIA. Material and methods. The study was carried out on the basis of the 2nd City Children's Clinical Hospital in Minsk. A study of the state of hematopoiesis was carried out in 82 children with JIA who received only methotrexate. The comparison group consisted of 40 patients who were diagnosed with JIA and had a complete blood count performed before starting methotrexate therapy. Results. Statistically significant differences were identified in both the megakaryocyte and leukocyte series. Against the background of an increase in the number of platelets before the start of basic therapy, there was a decrease in the average volume of platelets (p<0.01) and, accordingly, the distribution of platelets by volume (p<0.001). Changes in the white blood cell count (WBC) were manifested in a gradual decrease in the number of leukocytes during long-term use of methotrexate (p < 0.001). Conclusion. The use of methotrexate in patients with JIA contributes to a significant decrease in the content of platelets, leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes, which is due to the relief of the inflammatory process. The duration of methotrexate administration did not affect the content of lymphocytes and basophils.

Thrombogenesis-related characteristics of platelets and platelet indices in pregnant COVID-19 women

Introduction. Thrombosis emerging in COVID-19 represents one of its most common complications. The period of pregnancy is accompanied by elevated susceptibility to infectious diseases and increased risk of thrombosis.Aim: to assess time-dependent change in platelet count and platelet indices in general clinical blood test in pregnant COVID-19 women related to illness onset and developed thrombosis.Materials and Methods. A retrospective analysis of 230 case histories from pregnant COVID-19 women at the third trimester was carried out. Of these, 99 women were selected who met the inclusion criteria: COVID-19 infection laboratory-verified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR); third trimester of pregnancy; presence/absence of thrombotic complications. All patients were divided into 2 groups: the control group consisted of 94 pregnant women aged 31.5 [28.0; 35.0] years without thrombotic complications and the average gestational age at illness onset was 34.1 [30.2; 37.6] weeks; the main group included 5 patients aged 33.0 [28.5; 37.5] years and the average gestational age at illness onset was 33.2 [30.2; 37.8] weeks, with thrombotic complications emerged during the disease course: thrombosis of upper and lower extremity veins; massive pulmonary embolism; thrombosis of the splenic vein at the spleen hilum; left atrial thrombus. The following parameters were evaluated dynamically (on day 6–8, 9–11, 12–15, 16–23 and 24–72 of the disease): total platelet count, thrombocrit, mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width (PDW), large platelet count. A comparative analysis of the study data and a correlation analysis with the time from disease onset and detected thrombosis were carried out.Results. Over the entire observation period, there were noted increased RDW (16.30 [15.80; 16.50]%), average platelet volume (10.70 [9.70; 11.80] fl), and large platelet count (73.00 [59.00; 96.00]×109/L) along with platelet count (182.50 [155.00; 184.50]×109/L) tended to elevate in main vs. control group. A correlation was established between the above parameters and illness onset as well as thrombogenesis time point (p < 0.05). The beginning of developing thrombosis in main group was mainly recorded on day 12–15 after the onset. РDW increased in both groups by day 16–23 of illness, but more pronounced changes were found in main group reaching 16.50 [16.40; 16.60]% compared to control group (16.10 [15.80; 16.40]%). By day 16–23, thrombocrit in both groups positively correlated with illness onset. In addition, large platelet count tended to rise in main group remaining, however, below the normal limit: 0.13 [0.11; 0.20]% compared to control group (0.26 [0.21; 0.31]%). Large platelet count was quite high and increased daily in both groups; the average large platelet count throughout entire observation period was lower in the main (73.00 [59.00; 96.00]×109/L) vs. control group (81.00 [66.00; 102.00]×109/L), so that in the former it sharply decreased down to 55.00 [42.00; 78.00]×109/L on day 16–23.Conclusion. These data mirror the course of thrombotic process and may serve as the basis for assessing the prognosis of thrombotic complications and identification of high-risk groups among pregnant COVID-19 women.

THE EFFECT OF THE DRUG MUMIJO ON THE PARAMETERS OF PLATELETS IN RESIDENTS OF AREAS WITH A CONSTANT COMBINED EFFECT OF NATURAL AND TECHNOGENIC IONIZING RADIATION

Peripheral blood platelet parameters were studied in 53 apparently healthy female volunteers living in the city of Kropyvnytskyi, Kirovohrad region. 2 groups were formed: the main group received the biologically active supplement (BAD) mumijo once a day for 30 days, and the control group did not receive this drug. The content of platelets in the blood (PLT), the mean platelet volume (MPV), the relative width of the distribution of platelets by volume, i.e. the platelet heterogeneity index (PDW), and plateletcrit – fraction (%) of the volume of whole blood occupied by platelets (PCT), were studied before and after the course of the BAD mumijo. The results of the study showed a positive effect of the BAD mumijo on platelet parameters. Thus, the frequency of detection of persons with a reduced platelet content probably (Р<0.05) decreased, the limits of individual fluctuations of the platelet content shifted upwards to the limits of the norm, the average indicators probably increased (Р<0.05) with a tendency towards normalization. Indicators of plateletcrit, which reflects the fraction (%) of the volume of whole blood, made up of platelets, the average volume of platelets reliably (Р<0.05) increased to the average indicators of the norm. The limits of individual variations in the width of the distribution of platelets shifted to the normalization of the indicator. Changes in platelet parameters indicated an increase in their content due to the proportion of young and more functionally capable platelets. It has been established that the BAD mumijo is an effective radiomodifier of the effect of constant combined exposure to natural and technogenic man-made low-intensity ionizing radiation. The obtained results of the research can be useful and have a perspective for wider application in regions similar to the Kirovohrad region and the city of Kropyvnytskyi.

Mean platelet volume and its close relationship with septic hospital infections [Version 1; Peer Review - In process

Introduction: the average platelet volume is obtained from the blood count, considered as a low-cost and easily accessible biomarker, available in all medical units. It is considered a biomarker that indicates inflammation, thrombosis, and endothelial injury, while foreign studies have shown encouraging advances in diseases with prothrombotic and immunoinflammatory components. Objective: to establish the relationship of mean platelet volume with hospital septic infections. Methodology: information sources available in the Pubmed, Medicgraphic, and SciELO databases were consulted, as well as the Google Scholar search engine. Publications in both English and Spanish were included, with a maximum of 5 years prior to the topic of interest. Results: original articles were analyzed in which populations of neonates and adults with sepsis are analyzed. Populations of newborns reflected a high value of MPV in the first 24 hours, proving to be an early predictive marker in the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis, while population studies in adults reflected a much higher MPV in septic patients who later died. in relation to those who survived, being also considered a predictor of mortality. Conclusions: it is evident that MPV is closely related to sepsis since it increases progressively during infection, constituting a biomarker for early prediction and poor prognosis in sepsis

Mean Platelet Volume as a Marker of Sepsis in Newborn

Introduction: Neonatal sepsis is the leading cause of death in developing country like India and we need early diagnosis and treatment to prevent mortality so we require better diagnostic marker for sepsis. Mean platelet volume (MPV) is a measure of average platelet volume which represents inflammatory burden of disease. In our study MPV rises in septic neonates significantly and can be helpful to diagnose sepsis early with other blood counts. Methods: This case-control study was done on 500 newborns, out of which 452 included in study are classified into two groups that is group A (n = 226): apparently healthy neonates, group B (n = 226): diagnosed with neonatal sepsis by septic screening positive. All patients in the study were go through adequate valuation of their history, clinical examination, complete blood count including MPV, C-reactive protein (CRP) and blood culture. Results: Septic neonates showed statistically higher values of MPV than the control group. The diagnostic cut-off value of MPV NS was 10.2 fl. Conclusions: MPV which is a platelet index obtained from complete blood count can be used an additional marker along with established septic screen to ensure early diagnosis in neonatal sepsis.

THE EFFECT OF SUBCLINICAL KETOSIS ON THE HEMATOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF THE BLOOD OF HIGHLY PRODUCTIVE COWS

Purpose: to study the effects of subclinical ketosis on the hematological indicators of the blood of highly productive milk cows in the postal period. The studied animals are selected according to the principle of conditional analogues and divided into 3 groups of 5 goals each. Depending on the concentration in the blood of 3-hydroxybutirate, animals were divided into 3 groups: 1st group-less than 0.8 mmol/l; Group 2-1.2-1.4 mmol/l; 3rd group-more than 1.4 mmol/l. The conditions of their detention and feeding were the same for all groups. The determination of the level of 3-hydroxybutirates took place 2 times: on the 5th and 15th day after the hotel. Taking blood was carried out from the tail vein in front of the morning feeding. The blood serum was obtained by centrifugation (3000 rpm) with subsequent freezing at -20 ° C. The following indicators were determined in the samples: red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, the total volume of red blood cells, the average hemoglobin content in red blood cells, the distribution of red blood cells in the blood, leukocytes, granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes, thrombocytes, the average volume of platelets. Reliable differences have been established in the case of indicators of the level of red blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit in comparison of the 1st and 2nd groups with the 3rd group. A reliable correlation between the level of 3-hydroxybutirates and some hematological indicators (on various days after the hotel) has been established.

Comparative Hemogram Analysis of Smoking Patients with COVID-19 and Acute Coronary Syndrome

The objective: to define hemogram parameters in smokers with COVID-19 and acute coronary syndrome when they are admitted to hospital.Subjects and Methods. 62 male smokers hospitalized due to acute coronary syndrome (ACS) were enrolled into a case-control study. Group 1 (n = 31) had ASC and COVID-19, Group 2 (n = 31) had ACS and no COVID-19. The groups were adjusted by age, body mass index and the date of hospitalisation. According to the current routing procedures, from September to December 2020, the subjects were referred to different hospitals in Sverdlovsk Region depending on COVID-19 status. Inpatient medical records were used to collect the data. Blood parameters were examined by Mindray BC-5150 (China) automatic hematological analyzer performing complete clinical blood count and differentiating 5 leukocyte subpopulations. Statistical processing was performed using Statistica 13.0. The significance of differences was taken at p < 0.05.Results. Smoking men with COVID-19 and ACS unlike those GOVID-19 negative had a lower level of diastolic blood pressure, significantly more often were diagnosed with low degrees of hypertension, higher BPD with the same frequency of detection and functional characteristics of chronic heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The hemogram showed a lower level of the number of leukocytes, the percentage of neutrophils, erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, the average concentration of hemoglobin in the erythrocyte; a higher level of monocytes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and average platelet volume. The above changes can be associated with spesific features of the COVID-19 course.

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D expression and its correlation in patients with vestibular neuritis

Objective:To investigate the expression level of serum 25-（OH） D and its correlation in patients with vestibular neuritis（VN）. Methods:30 acute VN patients and 50 age-and sex-matched healthy controls who attended the Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Department of the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from October 2020 to October 2021 were selected. The demographic and clinical data of all subjects were recorded, the levels of serum 25-（OH） D and inflammatory markers were measured and compared, and the changes of serum 25-（OH） D levels in convalescent patients with VN were followed up. Results:The serum level of 25-（OH） D in the acute phase VN group was significantly lower than that in healthy controls[（10.14±2.92） ng/mL vs （20.61±4.70） ng/mL, P<0.01], and the deficiency rate of 100.0%（30/30） was significantly higher than 54.0%（27/50）. Moreover, the serum level of 25-（OH） D in the recovery period（3 months later） was significantly higher[（10.14±2.92） ng/mL vs （15.94±4.88） ng/mL, P<0.01], and the deficiency rate was significantly decreased by 76.7%（23/30）. However, the serum 25-（OH） D level was significantly lower in both the VN group than that in both the acute period and the recovery group, and the deficiency rate was significantly higher than that in the control group. Multivariate binary Logistic regression model analysis showed that low-level serum 25-（OH） D was associated with the onset of VN, with an OR value of 0.193（95%CI=0.043-0.861, P=0.031）. In addition, the results of this study showed that peripheral blood leukocyte（WBC） and neutrophil / lymphocyte ratio（NLR） levels in the acute VN group were significantly higher than in healthy controls[（7.65±3.02） ×10⁸/L vs （5.50±2.50） ×10⁸/L, P<0.01; （2.46±2.95） ×100% vs（1.67±0.92） ×100%, P<0.01 ], and there was no significant difference in Platelet / lymphocyte ratio（PLR） and and average platelet volume（MPV） levels in the two groups（P>0.05）. There were no significant differences in age distribution, sex ratio, body mass index, persistent health problems, or lifestyle groups（P>0.05）. Conclusion:This study is the first to detect serum 25-（OH） D level and inflammation index level, and dynamically assess the serum 25-（OH） D level in different stages, found that low serum 25-（OH） D is associated with the onset of VN, physiological concentration of serum 25-（OH） D is a protective factor of VN, vitamin D supplementation therapy may be a new target of VN treatment.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Platelet-Derived Parameters in Prognostication in Neurosurgery.

Introduction. Platelets (PLT) are key mediators in thrombotic and inflammatory processes. Their activity increases with size, so the mean platelet volume (MPV) can be a potential predictor of perioperative complications. The aim of the study was to assess the suitability of platelet parameters in predicting the risk of hospital death in neurosurgery. Methods. Retrospective observation covered 452 patients undergoing surgery in the period March 2018–August 2018. High-risk patients accounted for 44% (i.e., ASA-PS class III+) and 9% (i.e., ≥1 Shoemaker criterion), respectively, and 14% of procedures were performed in the urgent mode. The preoperative platelet parameters that were assessed and analysed were: total platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), plateletcrit (PCT) and platelet distribution width (PDW). The end point of the study was a hospital death. Results. Before discharge from the hospital, 13 patients died. The medians (IQR) PLT, MPV PDW and PCT were, respectively: 230 × 106 L−1 (182–279); 9.2 fL (8.3–10.1); 14% (12.5–16.3); and 21% (17–26). PLT, PCT and PDW were not useful in the risk assessment. MPV was lower in patients who died (9.3 vs. 8.3 fL, p < 0.01) and predicted death occurred in 76% (AUC = 0.76, 95%CI 0.72–0.80, p < 0.01). Further, after adjustment for confounders, MPV remained a significant predictor of in-hospital death (logOR[MPV] = 0.31, AUC = 0.94, 95%CI 0.92–0.96, p = 0.02). Conclusion. The reduction in the average volume of platelets is associated with a worse prognosis in neurosurgical patients.

Assessment of the role of hematological inflammatory markers in the severity of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy

Introduction. Hematological inflammatory markers may be promising diagnostic markers for assessing the severity of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the levels of hematological inflammatory markers in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. Material and methods. A prospective cohort study of 142 clinical cases, divided into two groups depending on the presence of cholestasis gravidarum, was carried out. The research was conducted by assessing the level of bile acids and hematological inflammatory markers in the mother’s blood, as well as by studying medical records. The IBM Statistics SPSS 21 program was used to process the statistical data. To compare categorical variables, the χ² without the Yates’ continuity correction test was applied. Results. There was an increase in platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in pregnant women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy compared to the control group (146.0±6.8 versus 135.2±7.3, respectively). The values of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and the average volume of platelets were similar in both groups. At the same time, the study found a decrease in the values of erythrocyte distribution among women whose pregnancy was complicated by cholestasis gravidarum. Conclusions. The study showed a significant increase in platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in women whose pregnancy was complicated by cholestasis gravidarum, as well as an increase in this indicator with increasing levels of bile acids. Thus, this ratio may be a promising diagnostic marker in assessing the severity of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.

ОЦЕНКА РИСКА ДЛЯ РАБОТАЮЩИХ ПРИ ПРИМЕНЕНИИ ГЕРБИЦИДА НА ОСНОВЕ ПИКОЛИНАФЕНА

The aim of this work is to conduct a hygienic risk assessment for workers when using a herbicide based on picolinafen and to study its cumulative properties in a subacute experiment on male white rats. Material and methods. The object of the study was a herbicide based on picolinafen (CAS No. 37641-05-5). The content in the preparation is 21 g/l. The treatment was carried out by spraying wheat at a consumption rate of 3.5 l/ha and a working solution of 250 l/ha. The risk assessment for employees was carried out in accordance with the current technical regulatory legal acts. The toxic effect in a subacute experiment was studied with daily intragastric administration of picolinafen-based herbicide to male white rats for 28 days. At the end of the experiment the indices of the blood morphofunctional state, as well as those of hormonal and biochemical status were determined. Results. In the field, when carrying out mechanical treatments in compliance with the regulations for the use of the drug, there was no excess of the hygienic standards of the active substance in the air of the working area and there was no deterioration in working conditions. The total risk of dermal and inhalation exposure for the workers made up 0.015 and did not exceed the permissible level. The introduction of the herbicide based on picolinafen in a subacute experiment to rats at doses of 50.0, 300.0 and 900.0 mg/kg does not contribute to the development of lethal outcomes. According to the classification this preparation belongs to the substances with weakly expressed cumulation. However, the effect of a dose of 900.0 mg/kg of the drug initiated a statistically significant decrease in the relative coefficients of the liver mass by 12.5%, an increase in the content of leukocytes and platelets by 15.7% and 15.5%, respectively, against the background of a decreased average volume of platelets by 18,6%. Conclusions. The research results made it possible to evaluate the picolinafen-based herbicide as a drug with an acceptable risk for workers in the agro-industrial complex. Under the conditions of a subacute experiment, a dose of 300.0 mg/kg of the herbicide can be accepted as a threshold (inactive), however, additional experiments are required with the use of morphological research methods, as well as experiments with a longer exposure period and an increase in the levels of administered doses.

ТРОМБОЦИТАРНЫЙ ГЕМОСТАЗ И ЕГО ВЗАИМОСВЯЗЬ С КОРТИЗОЛОМ И ПРОГЕСТЕРОНОМ У КОРОВ ПРИ БЕРЕМЕННОСТИ

The assessment of the state of platelet hemostasis in the body of cows of Auliekol and black-and-white breeds in the last trimester of pregnancy and the relationship of its indicators with the level of cortisol and progesterone is given. Laboratory tests were performed 60 and 1-3 days before the expected date of delivery. It was found that the breed of cows affected the level of platelet parameters. At the same time, their value in the blood of cows of the Auliekol breed exceeds the level of animals of the black - and - white breed by 3.15-31.89 %. The dynamics of changes in platelet parameters during the preparation of the mother's body for childbirth is of the same type and is characterized by a decrease in the total number of platelets by 11.74 and 24.14% and their volume fraction in the blood (thrombocrit) by 6.45 and 12.00 %, respectively. At the same time, the average platelet volume, the number of megalothrombocytes and the breadth of their distribution by volume increases by 6.83; 16.37 and 14.94 % (in the Auliekol breed) and 15.49; 16.01 and 17.19 % (in the black-and-white breed). These changes are associated with the level of the hormones cortisol and progesterone, the biological effects of which involve the regulation of platelet aggregation by controlling the level of young cells (megalothrombocytes) in the blood of cows. This is evidenced by statistically significant values of correlation coefficients in pairs of signs: cortisol-P-LGR r=0.72±0.24-0.88±0.17; progesterone-P – LGR r=-0.72±0.24 – -0.83±0.20.

Are average platelet volume, red cell distribution width and platelet distribution width guiding markers for acute appendicitis treatment options?

Acute appendicitis (AA) is the most common cause of surgery performed for the acute abdomen. The standard treatment for AA patients has been appendectomy for more than a century. The use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, the medical treatment option has come to the fore in the treatment of uncomplicated AA. Evaluate whether white blood cell (WBC), platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), red cell distribution width (RDW) and C-reactive protein (CRP) values of patients diagnosed with uncomplicated AA clinically, with laboratory tests and radiologically with abdominal computed tomography (CT) could be a marker for choosing medical or surgical treatment. 519 patients aged between 20 and 65years who were diagnosed with uncomplicated AA by abdominal CT in our centre between January 2016 and January 2019 were retrospectively analysed. The presence of at least one of the criteria of 7mm or more appendix diameter and oedema or fluid accumulation around the appendix was accepted as uncomplicated AA. After the diagnosis of AA, 223 patients were treated medically, while 296 patients underwent laparoscopic appendectomy. The first group included patients who were treated medically and the second group included patients who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy. Group 2 patients had higher mean platelet count (P<.005) and RDW (P=.003) values compared to Group 1 patients, while mean PDW (P<.001) values were lower compared to those of Group 1 patients. The differences between the mean WBC, CRP and MPV values of the groups were not statistically significant (P>.05). Recently, studies supporting antibiotic therapy have been conducted in patients diagnosed with AA. As a result, we think that PDW, RDW, and platelet values in patients diagnosed with uncomplicated AA may be a guide in choosing patients to be treated with surgery or antibiotics.

Significance of changes in general clinical analysis of blood and thyroid status in people with neoplasm of the thyroid gland

Background. One of the major challenges of modern medicine is prevention and early detection of diseases, especially malignant tumors, since the stage does influence the prognosis and treatment costs. Thyroid involvement is currently one of the leading endocrine disorders in terms of overall morbidity and prevalence in the world. Thyroid cancer is one of the localizations, which being timely detected and properly treated, has a favorable prognosis, when 20–30-year survival rate exceeds 90 %. Therefore, the search for simple, minimally invasive, but highly informative techniques for optimizing the algorithms for diagnosis, differential diagnosis and monitoring of this disease remains a priority.&#x0D; Purpose – to determine and substantiate the diagnostic value of comprehensive assessment of the thyroid status and full blood count values in patients with thyroid nodules.&#x0D; Materials and methods. The study involved 60 patients with thyroid nodules, which according to ultrasonography (US) of the thyroid were classified as TR-4 category of thyroid nodules, TIRADS scale (4–6 points, suspected malignant thyroid changes). The examination included the following: questionnaire, ultrasound examination with fine-needle aspiration puncture biopsy, cytological examination, counting the thyroid hormone concentration, full blood count. The study was carried out at the premises of State Institution “Dnipropetrovsk Medical Academy of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine”.&#x0D; Results. Assessment of thyroid status of patients with thyroid nodules showed a significant correlation between the severity of thyroid malignancy and TSH levels (according to Kruskal – Wallis test, H = 7.30, p &lt; 0.05), FT4 (H = 17.64, p &lt; 0.001) and FT3 (H = 12.41, p &lt; 0.01). Patients of Group I with benign thyroid process showed significant (p &lt; 0.05) decrease in total hemoglobin along with significantly frequent (p &lt; 0.05) microcytic anemia. According to the studies, Group II had a significant (p &lt; 0.05) decrease in total platelet count and plateletcrit, as well as an increased average platelet volume and the percentage of large platelets compared to Group I. The blood values in malignant thyroid process (Group III) are characterized by increased levels of leukocytes and the proportion of eosinophils and basophils in the leukocyte formula compared to Group II (p &lt; 0.05).&#x0D; Conclusions. The outcomes of comprehensive assessment of thyroid status and full blood count values in patients with thyroid nodules can be used in preoperative diagnosis as a differential prognostic tool to assess their malignant potential.

Early Detection of Vasculogenic ED in Diabetic Patients by Assessment of Platelet Indices

Background: The permanent incompetence to attain or preserve an erection is erectile dysfunction (ED). ED impacts a lot of men all over the world. Vasculogenic, hormonal, neurogenic, anatomical, drug-induced and psychogenic factors are included in ED pathophysiology. A significant pathophysiological factor underlying vasculogenic erectile dysfunction is endothelial dysfunction (EDys). Platelet Indices are significant biomarkers for platelet activation and pathophysiology of atherothrombsis, including average volume of platelets, width of platelet distribution and count of platelets. Measurement of Platelet indexes in diabetic males can detect erectile dysfunction early on. Objectives: The purpose of this research is to measure the PIs with ED in diabetic men and to associate among PIs and ED and also to associate among PIs and vasculogenic ED. Patients and Methods: The research was performed on 90 persons who were split into 3 groups: Group A: 30 diabetic male patients with ED, Group B: 30 diabetic male patients without ED, Group C: 30 healthy individuals as control. Results: A significant relationship among platelet indices, ED, and DM was shown in the present research. A statistically substantial increase was found in PIs (MPV, PDW) and HbA1C in ED with DM than DM and control groups. A statistically substantial decrease in PIs (PC) was also found in ED with DM than DM without and control groups. Conclusion: A substantial correlation in DM among platelet indices and ED. In patients with diabetes with ED, particularly those with vasculogenic pathology, PIs have increased.

FEATURES OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF PLATELETS AT THE PRE-CLINICAL STAGE OF PREECLAMPSIA

The only effective method of treating pregnant women with developed preeclampsia is timely delivery, so it is an urgent task to establish predictors of preeclampsia in order to predict its development.The aim of the work is to evaluate the platelet link of the hemostasis system in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy in patients with preeclampsia that developed after 34 weeks of pregnancy, to establish informative markers for predicting the development of preeclampsia after 34 weeks of pregnancy A survey of 210 apparently healthy women of active reproductive age (18-34 years) was carried out. Patients with multiple pregnancies, autoimmune pathology, arterial hypertension, heart defects, varicose veins, diabetes mellitus, hereditary thrombophilia were excluded from the study. All patients received voluntary informed consent to use the survey data for scientific purposes. In 20 patients, the course of pregnancy was complicated by the development of moderate preeclampsia after 34 weeks of pregnancy, these patients constituted the main group. 190 women with physiological pregnancy made up the comparison group. The study of the state of the platelet link of the hemostasis system was carried out using a VS-3000 + hematological analyzer, the number of platelets, their average volume, the root-mean-square value of the spread of platelet sizes, and the percentage of megalothrombocytes were determined. At the preclinical stage of development of preeclampsia (at 20-22 weeks), a decrease in the number of platelets and an increase in functional activity in the form of an increase in the rate of platelet anisocytosis, the average volume of platelets and the number of megalothrombocytes were found in pregnant women of the main group. Determination of indicators of the state of the platelet hemostasis at 20-22 weeks of gestation can be used to predict the development of moderate preeclampsia after 34 weeks of gestation.

Influence of endogenous factors on glucose level in blood tests of patients of different age groups

Aim. Investigation of biochemical processes effect from cellular respiration on diagnostic information about level of glucose in venous blood.Materials and Methods. We examined 115 blood samples in Vacutainer-type tubes with coagulation activator from patients aged 21 to 90 years. Patients were treated in ophthalmological, therapeutic and surgical departments of hospital. We evaluated correlation dependence of hematological factors effect on changes in glucose level during storage of samples.Results. Three groups were ranked according to the size of each studied indicator. We have found effect of lymphocyte counts, eosinophils, platelets, as well as thrombocrit value, average platelet volume and relative width of platelet distribution by volume, age of patients on changes in glucose values for 24 and 48 hours of blood samples storage at a temperature of +4 °С.Conclusion. Endogenous factors of blood samples is the important elements of pre-analytical phase in validating the results of clinical laboratory tests.