Average Market Price Research Articles

How carbon trading policy should be integrated with carbon tax policy-laboratory evidence from a model of the current state of carbon pricing policy in China.

China is planning to introduce carbon tax policy to control the carbon emissions of the country better and achieve the "3060 goals", but there is still widespread discussion about how to introduce it and how to combine it with cap and trade. China has already established a national carbon emission trading market; however, there is also disagreement on whether to impose the carbon tax on companies and projects that have been included in scope of cap and trade. This paper adopts the research method of experimental economics to study the effect on social economy and social emission reduction under cap and trade, carbon tax, and carbon tax-carbon trading policies, and analyzes average prices of carbon market under cap and trade and carbon tax-carbon trading policies. The study finds that under the carbon tax-carbon trading policy, carbon emissions cannot be reduced significantly; but the profits of manufacturers will be reduced significantly; meanwhile, this reduction effect is even more severe for high consumption manufacturers; and it will be resulting in a lower average carbon market price under the carbon tax-carbon trading policies than under the cap and trade policy. This paper will provide theoretical suggestions for introducing carbon tax policy into China in the future and make policy recommendations for the better development of China's carbon market.

조선 후기의 세제 개혁 방안에 관한 연구

Studying Korean detergent history should not become an antique taste. In fact, by attempting “a dialogue between the past and the present” with a keen awareness of the present and future of the tax system, the present tax system can only be found vividly under the light of the past tax system. can be found Military service in the early days of the Joseon dynasty, from the restraint of high-ranking bureaucrats to the general public, without any loss of social status, from 16 to 60 years of age unless there is a special reason for immunity, Jang Jeong-eun, who reached all conscription ages, divided into provinces and camps to serve in national defense. It was a national open-air system that was stipulated to work hard. However, before and after the Imjin War, the national open military system was practically abolished, and military service was filled only with the military service of ordinary people excluding the ruling class.
 At that time, Gunpo collected 2 Pills of Pill per year for one Jangjeong, which was equivalent to 12 heads of rice at the average market price at the time. However, since the fact that 2 pills per person per year was not based on productivity and was imposed only according to the number of books without any production mediation, there was an irrationality that was no different than a kind of head tax. there was.
 As such, there was an imbalance in the tax burden, with the landlords paying less and the poor and powerless peasants paying relatively more. Thus, taxation and washing in the late Joseon Dynasty faced a crisis based on this structure.
 This study intends to conduct a study on the background of the introduction of the Gyunyeok method in the late Joseon Dynasty and the negative effects of the gyeokgyeok method, focusing on historical literature and previous studies.

Farmers’ Preferences for Fertilizers derived from Domestic Sewage and Kitchen Waste – A Discrete Choice Experiment in Germany

In view of increasing energy and resource scarcities, nutrient recycling from domestic wastewater is a promising way to obtain mineral fertilizers. Given the lacking evidence about the acceptance of recycling fertilizers by the farming sector, we elicited farmer preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) for selected attributes of mineral fertilizers made from domestic sewage and kitchen waste. We conducted a Discrete Choice Experiment with 206 German farmers and fitted a Random Parameter Logit (RPL) model. As-suming an average market price level of around 300 euros per tonne of N-P-K fertilizer, the choice exper-iment revealed that farmers not engaged in non-food production such as forage cultivation or renewable energies activities and without farmer-to-consumer direct marketing would accept a recycling fertilizer only together with a financial compensation via price discount of approximately 10%. The average WTP drops considerably if a fertilizer’s heavy metal contents are relatively high and if the absence of drug residues cannot be guaranteed, whereas a customizable nutrient composition and a constant supply availability would have a sales promoting effect. Farmers’ characteristics can only partly explain the notable heterogeneity of the WTP for the considered fertilizer attributes. Even though the WTP for a recycling fertilizer is on average less than that for a conventional mineral fertilizer, the estimated WTP standard deviations suggest that not all farmers expect a financial compensation via price discount when purchasing recycling fertilizers.

Midpoint and endpoint characterization factors for mineral resource dissipation: methods and application to 6000 data sets

PurposeThe accessibility to most metals is crucial to modern societies. In order to move towards more sustainable use of metals, it is relevant to reduce losses along their anthropogenic cycle. To this end, quantifying dissipative flows of mineral resources and assessing their impacts in life cycle assessment (LCA) has been a challenge brought up by various stakeholders in the LCA community. We address this challenge with the extension of previously developed impact assessment methods and evaluating how these updated methods compare to widely used impact assessment methods for mineral resource use.MethodsBuilding on previous works, we extend the coverage of the average dissipation rate (ADR) and lost potential service time (LPST) methods to 61 metals. Midpoint characterization factors are computed using dynamic material flow analysis results, and endpoint characterization factors, by applying the market price of metals as a proxy for their value. We apply these methods to metal resource flows from 6000 market data sets along with the abiotic depletion potential and ReCiPe 2016 methods to anticipate how the assessment of dissipation using the newly developed methods might compare to the latter two widely used ones.Results and discussionThe updated midpoint methods enable distinguishing between 61 metals based on their global dissipation patterns once they have been extracted from the ground. The endpoint methods further allow differentiating between the value of metals based on their annual average market prices. Metals with a high price that dissipate quickly have the highest endpoint characterization factors. The application study shows that metals with the largest resource flows are expected to have the most impacts with the midpoint ADR and LPST methods, metals that are relatively more expensive have a greater relative contribution to the endpoint assessment.ConclusionThe extended ADR and LPST methods provide new information on the global dissipation patterns of 61 metals and on the associated potentially lost value for humans. The methods are readily applicable to resource flows in current life cycle inventories. This new information may be complementary to that provided by other impact assessment methods addressing different impact pathways when used in LCA studies. Additional research is needed to improve the characterization of the value of metals for society and to extend the methods to more resources.

The Effect of Subscription Discounted Price Moderated by CSR Investment on Right Issue Performance

Many banking firms executed right issues in order to expand their business or meet the minimum core capital requirements. Among those, Bank Rakyat Indonesia (BRI) recorded the largest rights issue in Southeast Asia Region. With a discount of 2.5% from their average market price, this right issue saw an oversubscription of 1.35%. According to prior research, financial managers have long recognized that subscription discount prices (DISC) affect the performance of a right issue. Rational stockholders will not subscribe if the subscription price is set above the stock price. However, in BRI’s case, their involvement and concern for community development and sustainability may be another factor affecting the success of a rights issue. This argument may be true since previous research has shown that investors are increasingly considering non-financial information, of which corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a key component. Reflecting on this, the author was intrigued in testing out the moderating effect of a company engagement in CSR on the relationship between DISC and the performance of a right issue, to know whether increased CSR investment increases the likelihood of a successful right issue. This study takes a quantitative approach, collecting secondary data with a purposive sampling. The total sample of 52 bank rights issues in Indonesia was analysed using a moderating binary logistic regression model. The findings suggest that DISC positively affects the success of right offerings while firm’s age affect negatively. Also, DISC and profitability significantly positively affect the abnormal returns. However, CSR Investment as the moderator did not have significant effect on the right issue performance. Therefore, financial managers should set the subscription price below the market price, especially if the firm's stock has a history of major volatility.

Dietary Supplement Use among Older Cancer Survivors: Socio-Demographic Associations, Supplement Types, Reasons for Use, and Cost.

Most Americans take dietary supplements (DSs) and use is even higher among cancer survivors. This secondary analysis seeks to identify types, reasons, and costs of supplements used by 367 older cancer survivors enrolled in the Harvest for Health vegetable gardening trial and evaluate associations between supplement intake and medical/socio-demographic factors. Descriptive statistics were used to identify supplement type and reasons for use. Average market price was used to estimate cost. Fifty-nine percent of the sample reported supplement use. Female (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.35–3.30), non-Hispanic White (OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.05–3.0), and breast and gynecological survivors (OR 1.57, 1.03–2.38) were significantly more likely to report DS use compared to males, minorities, and survivors of other cancers. Use of vitamins (39%), multivitamins (23%), and minerals (12%) were the most prevalent. Commonly reported reasons for supplement use were to improve general health (47%) or treat medical conditions (39%) and cancer-related symptoms (12%). DSs daily costs ranged from USD 0.02 to 19.81, with a mean of USD 1.28 ± 1.74, a median of USD 0.78, and a mode of USD 0.34. DS use is prevalent among older cancer survivors, with overall health reported as the leading reason for use. Out-of-pocket recurrent costs can be substantial and underscore the need to promote a nutrient-rich diet whenever possible in this vulnerable population.

Toward carbon‐neutral ethylene production: assessment of the application potential of bio‐ethylene production pathways in China

AbstractThe production of bio‐ethylene is a promising way to replace fossil‐based ethylene production, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and working towards China's carbon neutrality goals. This study elaborates on five bio‐ethylene technological pathways: first‐ and second‐generation bioethanol dehydration, direct and indirect thermochemical synthesis, and methanol‐to‐olefins (MTO). It retrieves information about them from commercial patents and the scientific literature, and comprehensively assesses their potential for application in large‐scale ethylene production in China. The techno‐economic feasibility of these five technological pathways is discussed in terms of feedstock availability, investment level, technological development level, and political issues such as the carbon neutrality goal to which China's government is committed. Overall, two pathways (indirect thermochemical synthesis and MTO) exhibited competitive minimum ethylene selling prices at 5243 yuan/t (822 USD t–1) and 6767 yuan/t (1061 USD t–1), respectively, of which both are lower than the average ethylene market price of 7000 yuan/t (1098 USD t–1). In comparison with the conventional fossil‐derived ethylene, bio‐ethylene could decrease carbon emission by 3.2%–15.1% under a scenario of 20% bio‐ethylene substitution in 2019, showing promising potential for decarbonizing the ethylene industry and contributing to the achievement of China's carbon neutrality goals. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A quantitative analysis of escalating antineoplastic medication price increases.

6592 Background: Established antineoplastic medication prices are overall increasing, yet the yearly trend and additive cost of such increases relative to overall antineoplastic spending is often unclear. Methods: We accessed the yearly reimbursement files from Medicare Part B for parenteral antineoplastic agents (codes J8501-J9999) for the years 2010-2020 and adjusted all values to 2020 USD to account for inflation. We calculated an initial inflation-adjusted price-per-claim for every medication at the time of medication entry to the database and compared that price with the yearly price-per-claim that Medicare reimbursed. For medications whose price had increased beyond the initial inflation-adjusted price, we multiplied the annual differences with the total annual claims of the medication reimbursed in order to calculate the additional cost accrued by Medicare for every affected year. We only included medications with total annual cost >10 million USD/yr in our analysis. Results: Price increases were noted in 70.9% of already established medications annually (median 74.5%, range 52.17-81.48%). This led to an average additional extra cost of 311 million USD (range 156-492 million USD) annually, for a total of 3.1 billion USD over the 10 years of observation. This extra cost represented 4.6-9.3% of the total Medicare Part B spending for antineoplastic medications annually and this percentage rose yearly by a statistically significant 0.43% (95% CI 0.14%-0.73%, P = 0.01; R2 0.59) in absolute terms (Table). Rituximab (1,003 million USD), trastuzumab (421 million USD), and bevacizumab (326 million USD) accumulated the highest extra costs. Conclusions: The majority of established parenteral antineoplastics are affected by escalating price increases beyond the rate of inflation. Year-by-year, these increases occupy a progressively larger part of overall Medicare Part B spending. Since Medicare does not negotiate medication price nor receives rebates but rather relies on average market prices, these increases likely affect other U.S. markets as well.[Table: see text]

House Price Markups and Mortgage Defaults

AbstractThe transaction price of identical housing units can vary widely due to heterogeneity in buyer and seller preferences, matching, and search costs, generating what we term “markups” above or below the average market price. We measure markups for 3.4 million purchase‐money mortgages and show that they can predict mortgage defaults and credit losses conditional on default even after accounting for collateral coverage (loan‐to‐value ratio) and a comprehensive set of other covariates. The findings suggest that standard collateral coverage estimation may be inaccurate, with implications for both individual and portfolio‐level credit risk assessment.

Nature-based climate solutions for expanding the global protected area network

Protected areas (including other effective area-based conservation measures) are a cornerstone of biodiversity conservation. Many countries are increasingly committed to expanding protected area coverage to 30%, which requires an increase in global annual spending from $24b to ~$140b (between $103b and $177b). We find that by trading nature-based carbon credits in voluntary carbon markets at the current average market price of $5 t−1CO2, 79 countries and territories can expand protected areas without capital deficit, together generate return on investments of $121b yr−1 and sequester 3 GtCO2eyr−1. Another 30 countries can meet at least half of their investment costs, and sequester an additional 2.8 GtCO2e yr−1. Additionally, we show that protection can extend to 33% of the Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) outside the existing protected area network. Our results point to the largely untapped potential of nature-based climate solutions to accelerate protected area expansion, thereby conserving biodiversity and mitigating climate change.

Out of the trap: Conversion funnel business model, customer switching costs, and industry profitability

AbstractResearch SummaryAcross many industries, firms employ a conversion funnel business model to attract customers with basic and affordable products, generate lock‐in, and then sell them more advanced and expensive products. We argue that this business model, coupled with high customer switching costs, results in a market outcome characterized by aggressive pricing and reduced profits. A sudden reduction in customer switching costs disrupts the conversion funnel and can eventually increase industrywide prices and profitability, an outcome that contradicts conventional wisdom in strategy research. We develop a stylized model to formalize our ideas and provide supportive evidence using a difference‐in‐differences methodology with staggered treatment for a large, global sample of mobile telecommunications operators.Managerial SummaryIndustry changes that lower customer frictions can surprisingly be beneficial for companies. Building on the telecommunications industry, we document how a reduction in customer switching costs following mobile number portability increases the profitability of mobile operators. We explain this finding based on a change in companies' business model. When switching costs are high, companies adopt a funnel business model designed to convert customers from basic to advanced products. While advantageous for a single company, when strategic interactions are accounted for, the diffusion of this business model has a depressive effect on average market prices and profitability. A reduction in customer switching costs breaks the funnel and decouples product pricing decisions that, counterintuitively, can lead to higher industrywide prices and greater profitability.

Analisis Penetapan Harga Jual Dengan Menggunakan Metode Cost Plus Pricing Pada Cv. Wana Bhakti

The purpose of this study was to determine the selling price of the product based on the Cost Plus Pricing method. This research was conducted on CV. Wana Bhakti which is located on Jln. Kualanamu airport artery, market 5, GG. Education, Telga Sari village, Kec. Tanjung Morawa, Kab. Deli Serdang, North Sumatra Province. This study uses qualitative research methods to analyze data that aims to determine the results of the analysis of selling price determination using the cost plus pricing method on CV. Wana Bhakti. The subject of this research is CV. Wana Bhakti and the object of this research are the record of the production costs of durian and mango seeds in 2020 and the report on the cost of production of durian and mango seeds by company. CV. Wana Bhakti determines the selling price based on the company's calculations and adjusts the average market price without knowing whether the selling price has been set correctly or not to generate maximum profit. The results of this study indicate that there is a difference in the selling price determined by the company using the cost plus pricing method, namely the durian seeds Rp. 530 and sweet fragrant mango seeds Rp. 800 more expensive than the company's selling price. So that it can be taken into consideration by companies in setting prices.

Value Chain Analysis of Bulla: The Case of Cheha and Mirab Azernet Districts

Bulla is an important staple enset product for most people living in the densely populated regions of South and Southwestern Ethiopia. However, only limited intervention has been done to improve the product even the consumption demand increases from time to time in different part of the country. This research attempted to analyze value chain of bulla in Cheha and Mirab Azernet districts, SNNPR Data for the study were collected from both primary and secondary data sources. The primary data were collected from 154 farmers, 35 traders and 28 consumers. The study result revealed that the production of bulla from enset were used more for consumption while the rest was marketed. In addition, interview and observation results also showed that the production of bulla declined because of enset disease that destroyed the crop, absences of institutional and technological enhancements were shared to existing inefficiencies in bulla production and utilization. Bulla value chain actors identified in the study include input suppliers, producers, local collectors, retailers, wholesalers, individual processors and consumers. Five market channels were identified for bulla marketing. The highest total gross marketing margins for bulla was 27.69% in channel V. The highest gross marketing margin of smallholder farmers in bulla market channels was 84.21% in channel II. The result of two stage double hurdle model revealed that, out of total 12 explanatory variables included in the model. Bulla market participation decision was significantly affected by quantity of bulla produced, enset production experience and market information. Quantity of bulla produced, education level, preferred quality of the product by buyers, marketing experiences, average bulla market price and extension service access significantly affected the volume of bulla sales. Policy recommendations drawn from the study results include improve the input access system, farmers knowledge and experience on bulla ...........

Biosimilar competition: Early learning.

Biologics accounted for roughly $145 billion in spending in 2018. They are also the fastest growing segment of the pharmaceutical industry. The Biological Price Competition and Innovation Act (BPCIA) of 2010 created an abbreviated pathway for biosimilar products to promote price competition in the market for biological drugs. There was great anticipation that the BPCIA would lead to a moderation in drug prices driven by market competition. The observed levels of competition and the accompanying savings have not reached those expected levels. We investigate the early impacts of biosimilar competition on the use and pricing of biological products. We focus especially on the ways in which altered market structures stemming from the implementation of the BPCIA have affected the prices for biological products subject to biosimilar competition. We do so by studying seven products that have recently faced biosimilar competition. We estimate fixed effects and Instrumental Variables models to estimate the impact of market competition on prices. Our results indicate that in the range of one to three entrants each additional marketed product results in a reduction in weighted average market prices of between 5.4% and 7% points. These are the result of a combination of reductions in originator prices and shifting in demand to biosimilar products.

Value Chain Analysis of Kocho: The Case of Cheha and Mirab Azernet Districts

Enset based farming system is an important staple crop for million people living in the densely populated regions of South and Southwestern Ethiopia. However, only restricted intervention has been done to upgrade the crop even the consumption demand increases from time to time in different part of the country. This research attempted to analyze value chain of enset product in Cheha and Mirab Azernet districts, SNNPR of Ethiopia focusing on kocho product. Since, kocho plays a significant role in increasing food security and income for the poor farmers in the study districts. Data for the study were collected from both primary and secondary data sources. The data were collected from 154 farmers, 35 traders and 28 consumers. The study result revealed that the production of kocho from enset crop were used more for consumption while the rest was marketed. In addition, interview and observation results also showed that the production of kocho declined because of enset disease that destroyed the crop, absences of institutional and technological enhancements were accredited to existing inefficiencies in enset production and utilization. kocho value chain actors identified in the study include input suppliers, producers, local collectors, retailers, wholesalers, individual processors and consumers. Five market channels were identified for kocho. The highest total gross marketing margin was 33.53% in channel III. The highest gross marketing margin of smallholder farmers in kocho was 80% in channel II. The result of two stage double hurdle model revealed that, out of total 12 explanatory variables included in the model. kocho market participation decision was significantly affected by quantity of kocho produced, enset production experience, market information, credit access. Quantity of kocho produced, distance to nearest market center, marketing experience and average kocho market price significantly affected the volume of kocho supplied to the market. Policy suggestions drawn from the study results include the need to improve the input access system, improving farmers’ knowledge and experience on enset production, solidification extension services for enset production and marketing, strengthening the linkage among enset products value chain actors, improve enset diseases controlling mechanisms, needs attention on enset harvesting and processing technologies and strengthening supportive institutions. Keywords: Enset; Kocho; Value chain; Double-hurdle model; Cheha, Mirab Azernet. DOI: 10.7176/IKM/12-1-03 Publication date: January 31 st 2022

UVC-PURGE: A Novel Cost-Effective Disinfection Robot for Combating COVID-19 Pandemic.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, surface disinfection using prevailing chemical disinfection methods had several limitations. Due to cost-inefficiency and the inability to disinfect shaded places, static UVC lamps cannot address these limitations properly. Moreover, the average market price of the prevailing UVC robots is huge, approximately 55,165 USD. In this research firstly, a requirement elicitation study was conducted using a semi-structured interview approach to reveal the requirements to develop a cost-effective UVC robot. Secondly, a semi-autonomous robot named UVC-PURGE was developed based on the revealed requirements. Thirdly, a two-phased evaluation study was undertaken to validate the effectiveness of UVC-PURGE to inactivate the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the capability of semi-autonomous navigation in the first phase and to evaluate the usability of the system through a hybrid approach of SUPR-Q forms and subjective evaluation of the user feedback in the second phase. Pre-treatment swab testing revealed the presence of both Gram-positive and Gram-Negative bacteria at 17 out of 20 test surfaces in the conducted tests. After the UVC irradiation of the robot, the microbial load was detected in only 2 (1D and 1H) out of 17 test surfaces with significant reductions (95.33% in 1D and 90.9% in 1H) of microbial load. Moreover, the usability evaluation yields an above-average SUPR-Q score of 81.91% with significant scores in all the criteria (usability, trust, loyalty, and appearance) and the number of positive themes from the subjective evaluation using thematic analysis is twice the number of negative themes. Additionally, compared with the prevailing UVC disinfection robots in the market, UVC-PURGE is cost-effective with a price of less than 800 USD. Moreover, small form factor along with the real time camera feedback in the developed system helps the user to navigate in congested places easily. The developed robot can be used in any indoor environment in this prevailing pandemic situation and it can also provide cost-effective disinfection in medical facilities against the long-term residual effect of COVID-19 in the post-pandemic era.

Structural analysis of the cadastrial value of land plots in settlements on the example of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic

The structure of the cadastral value, as a fact of the taxable base, has been studied, and an optimal approach has been developed for assessing the value of a land plot within a settlement in order to achieve a balance between the tax rate and the normal financing of local budgets, ensuring the most accurate determination of the tax base, which is the most important condition for improving the quality of control of tax legislation . The article presents an analysis of the structure of the cadastral value, which is the value in use, while it is predetermined by the usefulness of the real estate object, reflecting certain operational capabilities of the object for a particular owner, not associated with the sale and other market transactions. According to the guidelines, the valuation method used by the appraisal budgetary organization is based on the market value, which is characterized by the ability of real estate to be exchanged for money and goods. The determination of the cadastral value is carried out according to similar characteristics of the sale and purchase and is determined as the average market price of a typical object, built on a generalization of the market prices of real estate objects within the selected price zones. Contradictions in the practice of determining the value of land predetermine the need to develop proposals and recommendations for reducing the unit of the tax base within the framework of the minimum value for a settlement when determining the cadastral value of a land plot.

Forecasting of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Prices in India

Due to the semi-perishable nature of sweet potato the price fluctuation occur based on demand and supply. Hence, it becomes necessary to precisely forecast market price of sweet potato. Price forecasting of sweet potato was carried out for six selected states in India using time series monthly market price, collected from AGMARKNET price portal from January 2010 to December 2021. Exponential Smoothing Models (ESM), Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model and Time Delay Neural Network (TDNN) model were used for forecasting of sweet potato price. It was observed that among the forecasting models, the TDNN model predicted accurate future prices of sweet potato based on the lowest Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) than SARIMA and ESM. The forecast indicated that the average market price of sweet potato in selected states of India viz., Kerala, Odisha, Gujarat, Karnataka, Maharashtra and Telangana, would be in the range of Rs. 684 to Rs. 2757 per quintal during January 2022 to December 2022. The forecasted price of sweet potato would provide valuable information to the sweet potato growers, government institutions and other stakeholders in the sweet potato value chain to take appropriate decisions on production, marketing and consumption of sweet potato.

Classical Islamic Perspectives on Monetary Theory

Within the wider framework of monetary theory, this study focuses on a review of classical Islamic perspectives on monetary theory. In 1792 in America, the official price of gold was USD 19.3939/oz, whilst in 2021 the average market price of gold is about USD 1,800/oz, thus one dollar in 1792 is now only worth 1 cent in 2021 (19.3939/1,800). Most of this devaluation occurred since 1971, which represents a catastrophic collapse in the store of value function of money over the past fifty years, confirming a failure in contemporary monetary theory and policy in achieving monetary and price stability under the fiat standard.

Creating Added Value for Korea’s Tidal Flats: Using Blue Carbon as an Incentive for Coastal Conservation

Tidal flats are one of the most productive ecosystems on the planet, but their value has not been properly recognized. Thus, since the late 1970s, about 40% of Korea’s tidal flats have been converted through land reclamation. Some converted tidal flats have led to negative consequences, such as deteriorating water quality, diminished livelihoods of fishing communities, and inefficient use of national budgets due to poor uptake of reclaimed land. These are types of market failure. Knowing the potential market value of the tidal flats’ ecosystem services may correct these market failures. Recently, as the importance of blue carbon has increased, it is expected that coastal ecosystems that store carbon can better receive their full social value, including possible access to carbon markets. This report presents a methodology for estimating the economic value of tidal flats as a coastal carbon repository and its application to tidal flat conservation policies. Korea’s tidal flats store carbon that accounted for 8% of Korea’s annual greenhouse gas emissions in 2016. To estimate the net benefit of tidal flat conservation, a cost-benefit analysis that included carbon dioxide reduction values was conducted for Ganghwa tidal flat. With a 25-year time horizon, the break-even point between benefit and cost occurs when the carbon price is $4–6 /t CO2 e. Given that the average carbon market price in 2018 in Korea is $20.62 /t CO2 e, the ‘blue carbon’ valuation is high enough to incentivize coastal wetlands conservation, and climate change mitigation and adaptation policies. Based on this blue carbon ‘viability,’ this paper examines some related issues and legislative improvements, as well as future considerations to increase participation by the private sector.