Average Hemoglobin Concentration Research Articles

APPLICATION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF LOW INTENSITY FOR IMPROVING THE FUNCTIONAL STATUS OF ATHLETES

Aim. The purpose of the article is to study the impact of low-intensity electromagnetic radiation of quantum and micro-vibration effect on nonspecific adaptive reactions and the blood system of wrestlers. Materials and methods. Athletes of the first category or those having master of sport title with at least a five-year experience aged 18–22 years participated in the study. All participants underwent a course of therapy with low-intensity electromagnetic radiation of quantum and micro-vibration effect. The exposure was performed on a daily basis according to the principle ‘one day – one exposure zone’. The course consisted of 10 procedures. Non-specific adaptive reactions of the body, some morphological indicators of red blood, leukogram, erythrocyte sedimentation rate were determined. Mathematical and statistical processing of the data obtained was carried out. Results. It was revealed that low-intensity electromagnetic radiation of quantum and micro-vibration effect improved and stabilized the blood system and nonspecific adaptive reactions of the body. Conclusion. The course treatment with low-intensity electromagnetic radiation of quantum and micro-vibration effect contributes to the redistribution of nonspecific adaptive reactions of the body with an increase in training reactions, calm and increased activation. An increase in the average concentration of hemoglobin in erythrocytes, a slight decrease in hematocrit, a change in the composition of leukogram, and a decrease in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate were registered.

The influence of the preparation “Bendamin” on the morphological and biochemical indices of blood of rats in experimental modeling of heart failure

The purpose of this work was to study the influence of “Bendamin” on the morphological and biochemical indices of rat blood in experimental modeling of heart failure. The investigation were performed on white sexually mature young male-rats of Wistar line weighing 180–200 g, kept at the standard ration of the institute vivarium of the State Research Institute of Veterinary Preparations and Fodder Additives. To create a model of doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy, 24 male rats were selected. Animals were divided into 3 groups of 6 animals in each: control group – intact animals; experimental group E1, in which animals were modeled doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy by intraperitoneal injected of doxorubicin at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg 3 times a week for two weeks; experimental group E2, in which animals, after injection of doxorubicin, the preparation “Bendamin” was injected in the dose 20 mg/kg intragastrically. For experimental modeling of heart a decrease in the number of red blood cells was found in the blood of rats of the first experimental group by 34.7 % and hemoglobin level – by 24.2 %, with a simultaneous increase in the average hemoglobin content in one erythrocyte by 16.2 %. Doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in rats of the first experimental group was accompanied by a decrease in leukocyte count by 22.2 %, an increase in uric acid level by almost in 2 times, creatinine by 11.4 %, cholesterol by 61.1 %. In the research of the protein synthesizing function of the liver of rats in experimental modeling of heart failure, a decrease in total protein by 9.6 % was found. These changes were accompanied by a slight decrease in albumin levels and a slight increase in globulin levels. By intoxication with doxorubicin, rats of the first experimental group showed a violation of the functional state of the liver, indicating an increase in the activity of aminotransferases in their blood, namely: AlAT by 34.2 %, AsAT – by 21.7 %, accordingly. Positive action of cardio preparation “Bendamin” on rats organism under conditions of creation of a model of doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy was installed, manifested by the normalization of hematological and biochemical parameters, functional status and protein synthesis of the liver.

Comparative analysis of liver transcriptomes associated with hypoxia tolerance in the gynogenetic blunt snout bream

The blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala, BSB) is important economic fish, but it is sensitive to hypoxia. To overcome this shortcoming, we previously obtained gynogenetic blunt snout bream (GBSB) with the enhanced ability to resist hypoxia. To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the enhanced hypoxia tolerance of GBSB as a result of gynogenesis, in the present study, we conducted the comparative analyses of the liver transcriptomes of GBSB and BSB under normoxic conditions and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that many DEGs were enriched in the NF-kappa B signaling pathway (flip, nfkb2, cxcl8, il1b, tnfaip3, nfkbia, cox2, pias4, ube2i, malt1), hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) signaling pathway (hif-1α, vegfa, pfkfb2, glut1, hk), FOXO signaling pathway (pi3k, sgk1, foxo1, prmt1, pcka), and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway (pgm, hk, aldo, pcka, gapa, acs). In addition, the average concentration of hemoglobin, which might be related to the NF-kappa B and HIF-1 signaling pathways, was higher in GBSB than in BSB (p < 0.05). This study provided important information regarding the potential molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxia tolerance in the GBSB, presenting further evidence for the enhanced ability to resist hypoxia in GBSB, which is significant for fish genetic breeding.

Influence of heavy metals on hematologic parameters, body weight gain and organ weight in rats

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of Cadmium and Lead salts on body weight gain and rat body weights and hematological parameters. The experiments were conducted in male rats of the Wistar line, weighing 200–220 g, of which four groups of animals were formed: 1) A control group – they injected drinking water through a metal probe in a volume equivalent to the volume of an aqueous solution of Cd2+ salts and Pb2+; 2) Experimental group 1 – animals were administered a 0.029% aqueous solution of cadmium chloride at a dose of 4.0 mg kg-1; 3) Experimental group 2 – animals were administered 16.6% aqueous lead acetate solution at a dose of 200 mg kg-1; 4) Experimental group 3 – animals were administered 16.6% aqueous lead acetate solution at a dose of 100 mg kg-1 and 0.029% aqueous cadmium chloride solution at a dose of 2.0 mg kg-1. Throughout the experiment, rats were kept in a balanced diet containing all the necessary components, and animals were given drinking water, without restriction, from 0.2 liter glass bowls. On the basis of the conducted researches it is established that at loading of an organism of rats by cadmium and Lead salts in rats the weight gain in comparison with intact animals decreased. Reduction of live weight gain in rats by heavy metal intoxication was accompanied by hypo- and hypertrophy of the internal organs. These changes are related to the cumulative and sorption capacity of these metal ions, which contribute to the development of endogenous intoxication of rats in the experimental groups. Chronic lead-cadmium toxicosis in rats was accompanied by erythrocytopenia and leukopenia, as well as a decrease in hemoglobin with a simultaneous increase in erythrocyte volume and average erythrocyte hemoglobin content.

ENDOCRINE REGULATION OF ERYTHROID LINEAGE OF HEMATOPOIESIS IN CHILDREN LIVING UNDER A LOW-DOSE RADIATION EXPOSURE AFTER THE CHORNOBYL NPP ACCIDENT.

Elucidation of relationship between the levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free serum thyroxine, serum and urine cortisol and parameters of erythroid lineage of hematopoiesis to estimate the thyroid functionin children of prepubertal, pubertal, and postpubertal age permanently residing under a low-dose radiation exposureto determine the premorbid state of thyroid function. Children aged 3 to 18 years old (n = 203) living in the most intensively radionuclide-contaminated regions of Kyiv, Zhytomyr and Chornihiv oblasts of Ukraine after the Chornobyl NPP accident wereenrolled. Complaints of ossalgia, arthralgia, fatigue, bone fractures in the history, bone dysembryogenetic stigmata,hypermobility syndrome degree, and types of somatic diseases were taken into account. Peripheral blood countparameters, biochemical indices of blood serum were studied, namely the levels of total protein, cholesterol, creatinine and alkaline phosphatase activity. Levels of the free thyroxine, pituitary TSH, serum and daily urine cortisol, anddoses of radiation exposure were determined. The radiation dose values in children ranged from (0.35 ± 0.09) mSv to (0.54 ± 0.12) mSv. There was nodifference between the parameters of erythroid lineage of hematopoiesis depending on radiation dose. At the levels of serum TSH up to 1.0 μIU/ml no correlation was found with cortisol levels; at TSH levels of 1.0-3.0 μIU/ml thecorrelation coefficient was r = 0.31; at TSH levels higher than 3.0 μIU/ml the correlation coefficient was r = 0.61probably indicating a compensatory role of adrenal cortex in children at risk of thyroid disease development. In children with joint hypermobility grade II there was a higher incidence of dentofacial anomalies (χ2 = 6.9), deformitiesof lower extremities (χ2 = 6.9), and dental caries (χ2 = 4.3) (p < 0.05). There was a direct correlation between theserum TSH level (over 3 μIU/ml) and micrognathia (brachygnathia) (r = 0.62) indicating the impact of thyroid disease on dentofacial development. The TSH at a level of upper limit of the reference range values may contribute toa decreased RBC count in peripheral blood, increased average volume and hemoglobin content in erythrocyte beingassociated with the initial manifestations of thyroid dysfunction. Abnormal endocrine regulation of hematopoiesis affects the connective tissue, stromal microenvironment of bone marrow, and accordingly the erythroid branch of hematopoiesis in children, which may be relevant inthe development and course of oncohematological diseases.

Determination of Hematological Values of Common Crocodile (Caiman Crocodilus fuscus) in Captivity in the Magdalena medio of Colombia

Caiman zoo breeding (Caiman crocodilus fuscus) has been developing with greater force in Colombia since the 90s. It is essential to evaluate the physiological ranges of the species to be able to assess those situations in which their health is threatened. The objective of the present study was to determine the typical hematological values of the Caiman (Caiman crocodilus fuscus) with the aid of the microhematocrit, the cyanmethemoglobin technique, and a hematological analyzer. The blood samples were taken from 120 young animals of both sexes in good health apparently (males 44 and females 76). The samples were taken from the coccygeal vein between the second and third interscalar space with lilac lid vacutainer tube whit acid ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic as an anticoagulant. The animals are located in the middle of the Magdalena area in Colombia. The results obtained on average were Hematocrit: 23.36 %, Hemoglobin: 7.78 g/dl, Red blood cells: 3.89 106/μL, Average corpuscular volume: 60 fl, Average corpuscular hemoglobin concentration: 33.33 g/dl and Average corpuscular hemoglobin: 73.9 pg. This is the first study of hematological values for this particular species in Colombia.

Гематологические параматеры молоди карпа на фоне введения в рацион экстракта коры дуба (Quercus Cortex)

The article presents the results of studies of morphological and biochemical blood parameters of carp juveniles when adding the extract Quercus cortex (1, 2, 3 mg/kg of feed), probiotic preparation of Soya-bifidum (0.7 ml/kg of feed), antibiotics Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride in the composition of the drug Antibak 250 (100 mg/kg of feed). Analysis of hematological parameters of carp juveniles showed that adding Quercus cortex extract to the diet at a dosage of 2 mg/kg of feed contributed to increasing SGE by 66%, the average concentration of hemoglobin in the red blood cell by 20% compared to the control group. An increase in the level of leukocytes compared to the control was recorded only in the IV experimental group and made 13% (P≤0.05). An increase in glucose in the groups receiving Quercus cortex extract has been stated: in the I experimental group- by 4.2 times (P≤0.001), in II – by 3.4 (P≤0.001) and in III – by 3.3 (P≤0.001) compared to the control. Increasing glucose concentration indicates active metabolic processes and better stress resistance in the fish body. Iron content in carp blood was higher only in the first experimental group (by 3 times) compared to the control. Increasing activity of alanine aminotransferase was observed in all experimental groups, the highest rate of this enzyme being recorded in the IV experimental group (feed with probiotic additive Soya-bifidum) with a significant excess of control by 48%. Lactate dehydrogenase enzyme activity exceeded the control in all experimental groups, maximum increase (by 67%) was observed in the IV experimental group. Alkaline phosphatase was below the control in all experimental groups, minimum values being registered in the IV experimental group- by 37% less than the control. Indicators of p-amylase in the IV group exceeded the control by 2.6 times, in the V group – by 1.5 times. In the II group p-amylase was lower than the control by 44%, and in the III – by 1.9 times. According to the obtained hematological data, it has been established that including Quercus cortex extract into the diet of carp juveniles is promising due &#x0D; to the positive effect on the fish physiological status, immune status, metabolic processes, hematopoiesis and digestibility of feed.

Free hemoglobin and sepsis

Purpose of Research:to determine whether we can use free hemoglobin concentration as early prognostic marker and a predictor of mortality in sepsis.Materials and Methods.In a retrospective study in 60 patients aged 47.6 ± 7.2 years with sepsis (30.4 ± 2.1 points on the Mannheim’s scale for evaluation of the severity of peritonitis) modern methods of statistics (ROC-analysis) hypothesis was tested, whether level of free hemoglobin in the first 24 hours from the moment of admission can be used as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis for severe sepsis. Informative criterion was compared with the information of the procalcitonin test.Results.The present study had shown that the above average free hemoglobin concentration, measured on the first day of the heavy flow of sepsis, is directly connected with increased 30-days mortality, and the level of free hemoglobin in a first day of the disease has high sensitivity, specificity, and can determine the outcome of sepsis with accuracy up to 96.7 %.Conclusion.Free hemoglobin concentration above medium size identified on the first day of the currents of severe sepsis, is directly related to increased 30-day mortality, and researched level of free hemoglobin in day 1 of the disease has a high proportion of sensitivity and specificity. Level of free hemoglobin is predictor outcome of sepsis in the first 24 hours after the start of therapy, but the results did not rule out the need to use the necessary test from septic patients, but rather the feasibility of combining the two dictates the criteria to assess the outcome of severe septic process that requires further research.

The influence of long-term drinking of citric acid on the organism of F0 female rats

The influence of long-term drinking of Citric acid on the organism of female rats was studied by the investigation of morphological and biochemical indices and organ mass coefficients. The study was performed on 10 laboratory female rats F0, which were organized in groups (5 – control, 5 – experimental) 2–2.5 months aged, with body mass 110–120 g. The animals of the experimental group received aqueous solution of Citric acid (С6Н12О6 х Н2О, “ch.p.”) in the dose 0.8 mg/kg b. m. during the physiologic and puberty periods, fertilization and pregnancy. Animals of both groups had constant access to the drinking water. The received results of studies of red cells in the experimental group are comparative to the control group animals indicate the tendency to decrease the number of red blood cells by 6%, hemoglobin in the blood on 22.7%, average hemoglobin concentration in hemoglobin by 25%, average hemoglobin content in the erythrocyte on 20.9%, average hemoglobin volume on 4% against the background of an increase of hematocrit value on 5.4%. The experimental data obtained indicate a probable increase in the number of leukocytes in the blood of the experimental group of animals on 42.4%, and a tendency for a 2-folf increase in eosinophils. The results of biochemical studies of serum indicate minor differences between serum iron content (increase on 5.6%) in experimental and control animals groups. Also, the received results indicate the tendency of an increase by 3.3% of serum trasferrin on the background of decrease of total (by 3.6%) and unsaturated (by 7.6%) Fe-binding ability of blood. Animals receiving Citric acid found a tendency to increase, in terms of indicators of ALT activity – by 18.9% and alkaline phosphatase by 13.2% comparing with the control group of animals. The blood of female rats showed significantly higher urea level of 72.5% and a lower creatinine level of 19.6%. The content of average molecular weight substances in the serum of female rats of the experimental group under the influence of Citric acid is less than in animals of the control group on 2.8%. Studies of the individual organs status with the determination of their weight and mass coefficients revealed that against a background to the coefficients of the control group of female rats the weight of the liver increased likely by 16.1%. In the future, we plan to investigate the effect of long-term drinking of Citric acid on the organism of F1 rats.

Clinical, biochemical and allergological indices characterizing occupational diseases of the bronchial and pulmonary system in employees at aluminium production

There are many harmful factors that possess a damaging impact on the body of employees at aluminum production. It leads to the development of bronchial asthma (BA), chronic nonobstructive bronchitis (CNB) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The pathogenesis of these disorders, as well as sensitizing effect offluorine in the aluminum production is not fully understood. The purpose of this work was to study the characteristics of laboratory indices in patients with occupational diseases of the respiratory system. In workers of aluminum production with the diagnosis of occupational diseases of respiratory system (15 patients with a diagnosis of asthma, 30 CNB cases, 20 COPD patients) we evaluated the content of total protein, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), total calcium, phosphorus, ceruloplasmin, hematological indices and performed emigration of leukocytes braking test (TTEEL). Clinical and biochemical profile ofpersons with occupational asthma was characterized by a low level of total calcium and ceruloplasmin, a high concentration of phosphorus in the blood serum and inhibition of leukocyte emigration in the test with sodium fluoride. For aluminum production CNB workers characteristic active proatherogenic process was pronounced by a decrease in the HDLC level and an increase in atherogenic index; higher hematocrit value and concentration of erythrocytes, and more than 50% of cases of sensitization to the presence of sodium fluoride. COPD cases had occupational lower average concentration of hemoglobin in the erythrocyte, total protein in serum, as well as polymorphic variant response to sodium fluoride in the form of a depression and activation of leucocytes emigration.

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluations of Mesoporous Iron Particles for Iron Bioavailability.

Chronic renal failure involving hemodialysis results in blood loss during filtration. Iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia can result. A compensatory increase in iron dosage has many side effects including discomfort. Elemental iron is a highly-pure iron source, which reduces the frequency of dosages; the solubility decreases with increased particle size or pore size. In this study, synthesized mesoporous iron particles (MIPs) were used to relieve iron deficiency anemia. Their bioavailability was measured in vitro by a Caco-2 cell model and in vivo in iron-deficient rats. In vitro bioavailability of MIPs was examined by measuring ferritin content in the Caco-2 cell model. Iron uptake of MIPs was significantly higher than commercial iron particles, which were less porous. In vivo bioavailability of MIPs was examined by measuring body weight gain and red blood cell-related parameters, compared with the bioavailability of standard drug ferrous sulfate in iron-deficient anemic rats. Finally, average hemoglobin content and hemoglobin regeneration efficiency were significantly higher in anemic rats supplemented with commercial iron particles, compared to anemic controls. In the 28-day oral toxicity test, MIPs were not significantly toxic to rat physiology or tissue histopathology. Thus, MIPs may allow effective recovery of hemoglobin in iron deficiency anemia.

Hematological values in bradypus variegatus (Schinz, 1825) from creatories of the Belém metropolitan region

The blood tissue is made up of three main cell types: erythrocytes (red blood cells), leukocytes (white blood cells) and platelets (thrombocytes), suspended in a liquid phase named plasma. In addition to the cells, blood is composed of proteins, inorganic and organic substances, hormones and various components. The captive condition can also predispose the animal to a number of conditions, making it necessary to carry out laboratory tests for the biomonitoring of the animals. Among these tests, the complete hemogram stands out. This is done to assess the general health, guiding and deepening the nature of pathophysiological situations besides its utility as an aid to diagnosis and prognosis of certain diseases. The objective of this study is to describe the hematological values of brown-throated sloth (Bradypus variegatus). Hence, eleven adult animals of both sexes (seven males and four females) at appropriate health conditions were used in the experiment. Blood was collected from the cephalic vein and analyzed through veterinary hematology counter. The evaluate hematological parameters included total count of erythrocytes and leukocytes, hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, average corpuscular volume, average corpuscular hemoglobin, average corpuscular hemoglobin concentration differential leukocyte count and platelet count. In general, the values did not differ from few studies in the literature. However, the score of platelets was greater in males than in females. The results achieved in the study can serve as a basis in determination and interpretation as hematologic references to brown-throated sloths in Para Amazon.

Effect of “Amprolinsyl” and “Amprolium 22%” on morphological indices of blood of turkeys for eumeria invasion

The article gives data on the influence of Amprolinsyl and Amprolium 22% on morphological parameters of blood after eumirioic invasion. It has been shown that after application of amprolium 22% for the treatment of turkeys infected with eumeria invasion, gradual normalization of hematological parameters of blood begins. Thus, at the 3rd day of treatment, the number of red blood cells increased, but remained 25.1% lower, and the hemoglobin level increased, but remained at 16.3% lower, compared with clinically healthy poultry. During this period, within the limits of normal values was the value of the color index, the mass of hemoglobin in the erythrocyte and the value of hematocrit. The obtained results indicate a gradual normalization of the erythropoietic function of the bone marrow. However, the large average volume of one erythrocyte is 1.12 ± 0.07 μm against 0.96 ± 0.03 μm³ in the control, and the decrease in the average concentration of hemoglobin in one erythrocyte by 13.3% against the norm indicates an incomplete recovery of the erythropoietic bone marrow function. At day 5 of treatment with amprolium, 22% of red blood cells and hemoglobin levels increased but still remained below physiological values by 12.3% and 6.8%, respectively, compared to control. At the 10th day of the experiment, restoration of hematopoietic function of the bone marrow was observed on physiological values of erythrocytes and hemoglobin content of the blood, as well as blood leukogram. In the treatment of turkeys with "Amprolisyl", at the 5th day, the hematopoietic function of the bone marrow completely normalized, as indicated by the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin content and red blood cell index values. It is known that the values of red blood cells, namely the volume of erythrocytes, the mass and concentration of hemoglobin in them, and the color index objectively reflect the state of hematopoietic function of the bone marrow. The results of our studies indicate that in the turkey infected with imeiriosis and treated with amprolium 22%, clinical recovery occurs at day 5, and the hematopoietic function of the bone marrow is restored spontaneously in 5 days after recovery. In the treatment of turkeys with Amprolinsyl, the restoration of morphological parameters, the normalization of white blood cell leukemogram and the clinical recovery of turkeys arose on the fifth day of treatment. Thus, due to the fact that Amporolinsyl, in addition to the active ingredient, contains sparse fruit of thistle spots, which contain high levels of vitamins A and K, and trace elements – Ferum, Kuprum and Cobalt, which are directly involved in hemopoiesis, therefore, the restoration of hematopoietic function of the bone marrow comes much faster than with the application of amprolium itself 22%.

Correction of some indicators of blood of turkeys with cytomedines at different stages of growth and development

Correction of some indicators of blood of turkeys with cytomedines at different stages of growth and development

SAT-036 ERYTHROPOIESIS STIMULATING AGENT HYPORESPONSIVENESS AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH MORTALITY AND HOSPITALISATION

In patients with CKD, higher erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESA) dose might cause higher mortality and increased cardiovascular complications. Hyporesponsiveness to ESA treatment is a known predictor of poor clinical outcomes in haemodialysis (HD) patients. Poor outcomes could be the result of high ESA dosage required in these groups or patient related cause of hypo-responsiveness or a combination of both. We sought to examine whether high erythropoietin resistance index (ERI) was associated with increased all-cause mortality and hospitalisation among incident HD patients. Incident HD patients between January 2010 and December 2016, who completed six months of HD were included in this retrospective observational cohort study. Patients were followed up for one year from the index date (last day of 6 months exposure period) until first of the following – death, withdrawal or end of study (Dec 31, 2017). The main predictor variable was ESA responsiveness measured by ERI (IU/kg/week/g/dl) which was defined as average weekly weight-adjusted EPO dose per average haemoglobin concentration. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on ERI quartiles - ESA hyporesponsive (4th quartile, ERI >15.25+) and ESA responsive group (1st, 2nd and 3rd quartile combined, ERI < 15.25). ESA responsiveness was also assessed by a combination of ESA dosage (high: ≥ median value of ESA dose or low: < median value of ESA dose) and haemoglobin levels (high: ≥ 10 g/dl or low: <10 g/dl). Patients were then divided into 4 groups with low-dose ESA therapy and high haemoglobin (Hb) level as reference category.Primary outcomes were all-cause mortality and hospitalisation during the one year follow-up. Cox regression and Negative binomial regression models were used to determine associations with mortality and hospitalisation among the ERI groups. Binary logistic regression model was used to define the predictors of high ERI. A total of 2302 incident HD patients (mean age 60.1 ± 11.4 years, 56.2% male, 59% Chinese and 69.9% with diabetes as cause of ESRD) were included in the study. During the mean follow-up time of 0.95 ± 0.16 years, 113 (4.9%) patients died. The median EPO dose and mean ERI were 113.9 (IQR, 77.8 to 154.8) IU/kg/week and 12.1± 6.4 IU/kg/week/g/dl respectively. The ESA hyporesponsive group (ERI >15.25+) were more likely to be females, have low albumin, low BMI, low SGA scores and low transferrin saturation % levels but higher KT/V and ferritin levels compared to the ESA responsive group (p<0.001). ESA hyporesponsive group (ERI>15.25+) had 83% higher risk of all-cause mortality (aHR 1.83, 95% CI 1.20 – 2.79, p=0.005) after adjusting for potential confounders. HD patients with high-dose EPO and low Hb levels (ESA hyporesponsive) had significantly higher risk of mortality (aHR 2.42, 95% CI 1.41 – 4.19, p=0.001). The high ERI group also had 36% higher incidence of hospitalisation (IRR 1.36, 95% CI 1.20 – 1.54, p<0.001) compared to low ERI group. The independent predictors of high ERI were female gender, low albumin, high ferritin, low transferrin saturation %, low BMI, high KT/V, high acuity status and increased hospital admissions in the exposure period.View Large Image Figure ViewerDownload Hi-res image Download (PPT) High ERI levels are associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality and hospitalisation in incident HD patients. Lack of data on inflammatory markers is a study limitation.

ESTIMATION OF HEMOGRAMS INDICES IN PERSONS OF THE ORGANIZED GROUP IN EXTREME CONDITIONS WHEN IN THE DIET INCLUDED PRODUCTS PRODUCED BY CRYOGENIC TECHNOLOGY

We estimated the hemograms indices of the schoolstudents’ blood enrolled a high military educational institution. By cryogenic technology produced products from protein-vegetable (first) or vegetable raw materials (second) were introduced into the diet of the two main groups. The comparison group was the third one. The blood samples study was performed three times: in the initial state, after taking the product and after 30 days of observation. The average red blood cell volume increased in all examined patients indicating a compensatory reaction of the body to the load, the growth one was less significant in the main groups. The average hemoglobin content in the red blood cell in the first group did not change by stages of observation, in the second and third groups it was decreased by the end of observation. The average hemoglobin concentration decreased, it was less in the main groups. We noted an increase in the number of lymphocytes by 20.7 %, (p = 0.0001) and an increase in the indicator of a mixture from monocytes, basophils, eosinophils when taking the first product. An increase in the number of lymphocytes was noted in the second and third groups only by the end of the observation. The relative lymphocytes content when taking the first product was more significant in the second and third stages of observation than in the initial state; in the second one it was by the end of the observation. The relative neutrophils content in the first group decreased by the end of reception, in the second one it was by the end of observation; in the comparison group remained unchanged. The average platelets volume have been decreased in the first and control groups by the end of the observation and in the second group by the end of taking the product. The relative width of the platelets distribution by volume and the coefficient of large platelets have been decreased in individuals of the group, which may have a positive effect on blood clotting. Thus, the influence of adaptation factors in the main groups was less significant than in the comparison group.

Sex-Specific Alterations in the Serum Metabolome Due to Iron-Deficiency During Infancy (OR20-03-19)

ObjectivesIron-deficiency anemia (IDA) during infancy negatively impacts growth and cognitive development, as well as increases risk of morbidity and mortality. We recently showed that early-life anemia in human infants alters systemic metabolism in a sex-specific manner. The objective of this study was to find a mechanistic reason behind the changes in metabolism, and why there is greater morbidity and mortality of male compared with female infants. Here, we utilized a piglet model of iron deficiency and performed metabolomics profiling. MethodsPiglets (n = 20 male and 20 female) were either provided iron dextran (control) or saline (deficient) at birth and allowed to suckle from their sow until PD25, at which point the control piglets were weaned to a control (CON; 100 mg/kg) diet, and the deficient piglets were weaned to an iron deficient (ID; 10 mg/kg) diet until PD43. Body weight was recorded daily, and blood was collected weekly beginning at week 1 to assess hemoglobin concentrations and hematocrit. 1H-NMR metabolomics was used to assess the effects of iron deficiency on blood metabolites at PD43. ResultsIn both sexes, body weight differed significantly with time and iron status (2-factor repeated-measures ANOVA within each sex), with ID subjects having a significantly lower body weight compared to CON beginning at PD24 in female and PD28 in male piglets. Hemoglobin and hematocrit also differed significantly with time and iron status for both sexes (2-factor repeated-measures ANOVA within each sex). While hemoglobin and hematocrit were found to be significantly lower in ID piglets compared to CON at all time points for both sexes, only female ID piglets developed average hemoglobin concentrations below the threshold for borderline anemia (80 mg/mL) or anemia (70 mg/mL) in weeks 2–6. Hemoglobin and hematocrit did not differ significantly between male and female subjects within each dietary treatment. ID was associated with altered concentrations of amino acids and ketone bodies (FDR-correctedp < 0.05) in both sexes with a greater impact on male compared to female piglets. ConclusionsThese results suggest that the metabolic changes associated with ID differ between the sexes, with males disproportionately affected by iron status. Funding SourcesThis work was supported by a John E Kinsella Endowment Award.

Therapeutic efficacy of chloroquine for treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria cases in Guragae zone southern Central Ethiopia

BackgroundMalaria continues to be a public health problem and important cause of morbidity and mortality in Ethiopia. Due to continuous interventions to combat malaria in endemic regions, a decline in malaria related deaths and morbidity has been registered. These gains, however, are threatened with the emergency of antimalarial drugs resistant strains of plasmodium parasites. This study aimed to determine therapeutic efficacy of chloroquine for treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria cases in Guragae zone, southern central Ethiopia.MethodsA one arm prospective study with recurrence of parasitaemia and clinical conditions of patients were evaluated on days 0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, and 28. Patients with Plasmodium vivax malaria mono infection and eligible for study inclusion criteria were recruited. SPSS-21 used for data analysis and management. Kaplan-Meier survival probability analysis was estimated. Mean geometric parasitaemia and average haemoglobin concentration were calculated.ResultsAmong 87 total recruited subjects, 81 of them completed the 28 days follow up. More than half of (57.5%) the study participants had a history of fever and 42.5% of them had fever at the time of enrollment. The mean body temperature on day of recruitment was 38.2 °C and 36.8 °C on day 28. Geometric mean parasitaemia calculated on day of enrollment was 2270 parasites/μl of blood. Recurrence of parasitaemia was registered from two subjects during entire follow up. The mean haemoglobin concentration of study participants on day of enrolment was 11.8 g/ dl and 13.8 g/dl on day 28.ConclusionThis study registered a high chloroquine efficacy rate among the study participants. Therefore, chloroquine remains efficacious for the treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria in the study area. However, there is a need to monitor chloroquine resistance by employing molecular tools for better evaluation of treatment outcome.

Herpesvirus infection as one of the causes of anemia

Relevance. One of the causes of chronic disease is herpetic infection, lifelong persistence in the human body and activates the macrophage protection system, which leads to disruption of iron utilization by the cells of the hematopoietic system and the development of anemia of chronic disease. To prove the influence of herpesvirus infection on the occurrence of anemia of chronic disease.Materials and methods. The study involved 75 people suffering from herpes-viral infection. 3 groups were allocated: the frst group (25 people) received acyclovir 1 tablet (200 mg) 5 times a day, 5 days; The 2-nd group (25 people) used famvir for 1 tablet (250 mg) 2 times a day, 5 days; The third group (25 people) – famvir 1 tablet (250 mg) 2 times a day, 5 days and kagocel 2 tablets (12 mg) 3 times a day, 5 days.Result. All subjects examined at the time of treatment showed an increase in the content of IL 1β mRNK and TNF-α and a decrease in mRNK of IL 8 and IL 10; on day 14 of the study, a decrease in IL 1β mRNK and TNF-α mRNK and an increase in IL 10 mRNK. In the study of erythrocyte indices – the average volume of erythrocytes and the average hemoglobin content in erythrocyte and the parameters of iron-serum iron metabolism and the total iron binding capacity of the serum, slight deviations from the norm were obtained.Conclusions. Thus, we concluded that the cause of anemia, in addition to the lack of iron, can be chronic herpesvirus infection, and thus timely treatment of a viral infection excludes the use of ferrotherapy.

Effect of two tapering strategies on endurance-related physiological markers in athletes from selected training centres of Ethiopia

ObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the effects of two tapering strategies on specific endurance-related performance markers in some selected athletic training centres of Ethiopia.MethodologyThirty-seven young distance runners (mean age: 20±1.97 years;...