Average Completeness Research Articles

Efektifitas Belajar Lempar Cakram Menggunakan Media Modifikasi Piring Plastik untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Kelas VI SD Negeri 3 Suradadi

This study aims to increase the effectiveness of student learning through modification of plastic plates on disc games. This type of research uses Classroom Action Research (CAR) taking subjects of class VI SD Negeri 3 Suradadi totaling 35 people. The results showed a significant increase from each cycle. First, student activity in the learning process was categorized as active in the first cycle of 70%. Then in the second cycle it increased to 80%. The average learning completeness in the prefix aspect reached 97.5% for boys and 75% for girls. If referring to the indicators of student learning outcomes, the percentage shows that the initial learning in discus throwing using modified plastic plate media is categorized as very effective for boys and girls. The average mastery of learning for aspects of how to throw reached 85% for boys and 70% for girls. Referring to the indicators of student learning outcomes, the percentage of completeness shows learning how to throw a discus throwing using a modified plastic plate, categorized as very effective for boys and girls. The average learning completeness for the final attitude aspect reached 85% for boys and 72.5% for girls. Referring to the indicators of student learning outcomes, it shows that Attitude learning in discus throwing using modified plastic plates is categorized as very effective for boys and girls.

Relationship between clinical record completeness and occurrence of adverse events within hospitals

Abstract Introduction Clinical record (CR) is an appropriate source for adverse events (AEs) detection and Italian law requires its compilation. Its completeness is used as an indicator of the quality of care provided and offers guidance on system changes to improve professional practice. This study aimed at assessing the completeness of CRs, describing AEs' rate and triggers, and investigating the relationship between CR completeness and the occurrence of AEs. Methods A retrospective review of CRs was conducted, randomly selecting patients discharged from Internal Medicine (IM), General Surgery (GS) and Obstetrics (O) between June and September 2020 at the Academic Hospital of Udine (Italy). The completeness of CRs was assessed using a 65-items checklist developed by the hospital Quality Unit. Triggers and rate of AEs were detected by using Global Trigger Tool. Relationship between AEs and completeness of CR was analyzed using nonparametric tests. Results Among 93 reviewed CRs, 91.4% were from the GS, 5.4% from IM and 3.2% from O. Patient mean age was 64.6±18, women were 51.6%. The average completeness of CRs was 50.4% [30.4%-83.5%]. Identified triggers and AEs were 125 and 29 respectively, with at least one AE every 23.7% admissions, 31.2 AEs per 100 admissions and 40 AEs per 1000 patient-days. The most frequent AEs were surgical damage (51.7%; 15) and hospital-acquired infection (24.1%; 7). Hospitalization length for patients with at least one AE was 12.6 days, whereas it was 6.3 days without AEs. A significant positive correlation (R = 0.36; p < 0.001) was found between length of hospitalization and number of AEs. The increase in CR completeness is associated with the decrease of the total number of AEs (R=-0.18; p = 0.083). Conclusions These findings suggest a direct association between the number of AEs and the length of hospital stay. The correlation between CR completeness and AEs suggest that patient safety could benefit from the improvement of clinical record compilation. Key messages More studies are needed to understand if the occurrence of AEs to patients may cause a prolonged length of hospitalization. A better compilation of CRs should allow to reach a more effective communication between healthcare workers, creating a work environment less prone to errors and AEs.

Are there sex differences in completeness of death registration and quality of cause of death statistics? Results from a global analysis

IntroductionRecent studies suggest that more male than female deaths are registered and a higher proportion of female deaths are certified as ‘garbage’ causes (ie, vague or ill-defined causes of limited...

DEVELOPING LEARNING MEDIA IN THE FORM OF “VAM” BASED ON VIDEO SCRIBE TO MEASURE THE LEVEL OF STUDENT LEARNING MOTIVATION IN CIVIC EDUCATION

The background of this research is the results of the 1st Semester Final Exam in PPKn Subject are the lowest results. The reason, low of interest in PPKn subjects. Limited resources and too much material, while teachers have not used multimedia-based media as a learning support media, whereas schools have LCD Projector facilities that can be used for the learning process.This study aims to develop learning media, determine the feasibility of the media, and find out the differences in learning outcomes before and after using multimedia-based learning media using the Aplikasi Sparkol video Scribe on the material Harmonisasi Hak dan Kewajiban Asasi Manusia in the Pancasila Perspective of PPKn subjects in class XI of SMA 1 Kademangan.This type of research is Research and Development (R and D) with the development method. Determination of the feasibility level of multimedia-based learning media based on expert validation tests and small-scale trials was then applied to the sample class. The technique of collecting data using a questionnaire. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the implementation of the learning process can improve student learning outcomes, by looking at the results of the average value and completeness of learning of students.

MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA MELALUI MODEL COOPERATIVE LEARNING TIPE NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER PADA MATERI SISTEM PEREDARAN DARAH MANUSIA DI SDN KAMPUNG SAWAH KOTA BOGOR

IMPROVING STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES THROUGH COOPERATIVE LEARNING MODEL NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER IN THE MATERIAL OF THE HUMAN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS (SDN KAMPUNG SAWAH KOTA BOGOR)The low science learning outcomes are due to students learning only relying on the teacher as the only source of learning, students really depend on the teacher. Learning interactions occur in one direction, students feel afraid if the answers are not the same, new ideas or ideas do not develop, are afraid to ask questions because they are worried that the questions will not hit. Often students do not appreciate the ideas, opinions of their friends, and are lazy to read source books / subject matter. The classroom atmosphere is really calm, orderly, quiet, passive, so that innovation and creativity become deadlocked. This has an impact on student learning outcomes whose average value is still much below the Minimum Completeness Criteria (80). The purpose of Classroom Action Research through the cooperative learning model of Numbered Heads Together type is to improve science learning outcomes on the material of the human circulatory system in class V-A Elementary School (SDN Kampung Sawah, Bogor City). Besides, it also wants to know the teacher's skills in using the model and type of learning in improving science learning outcomes on the material of the circulatory system. Implemented in 2 cycles, one cycle consists of two meetings. The results of this study show that in the initial test (pre-cycle) the average value is only 65.00, the average completeness in the first cycle of action 1 is 69.00, the second action is 77.00 and the average completeness of the second cycle of action is 1 79.00, action 2 86.00 included in the very good category. Absorption and Completeness Learning outcomes in the initial test (pre-cycle test) before the action was taken were 20%, the first cycle showed the absorption and completeness of the class to be 31.43% and 57.14%, while in the second cycle the absorption and completeness of the class increased rapidly to 71.43% and 94.29% which are in the very high category. The results of the study can be concluded that through the cooperative learning model Numbered Heads Together type can improve science learning outcomes for students in class V-A in elementary school (SDN Kampung Sawah, Bogor City).

Improving students anecdot writing ability through genius learning strategies and discussion methods

The purpose of this study was to improve the ability of class X IPS 1 SMA Negeri 4 OKU through genius learning strategies and lecture methods. Research data collection techniques using observation, documentation and tests. The research data analysis technique used a descriptive writing test through direct learning and observation models to see student learning activity. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is an increase in the ability to write anecdotes through genius learning strategies and lecture methods in class X IPA 1 SMA Negeri 4 OKU. In cycle 1, an average value of 66.68 was obtained, students who achieved completeness were 22 students or the percentage of completeness was 61.11%. In cycle 2 the average value is 69.28%. Students who achieved completeness were 29 students or the average persetanse completeness was 80.56%. Furthermore, in cycle 3 the average value is 76.81. Students who achieved completeness were 34 students or the percentage of student completeness was 94.44%.

A multi-constraint combined method for road extraction from airborne laser scanning data

Airborne laser scanning (ALS) is a state-of-the-art technique for fast and accurate acquisition of road network information. In this paper, an ALS data-based road extraction method, with four well-designed steps namely pre-processing, intensity-based filtering, quadrant-based region growing, and road candidate regions extraction is proposed. The contributions of this paper are mainly concentrated in last three steps, where radiometric, geometric and statistical constraints are combined to differentiate road and non-road points. The proposed method is straightforward to implement, where complex cases, such as removal of attached areas to the road, extraction of road surfaces surround the irregular data gaps left by vehicles and trees are effectively dealt. The method performance was evaluated using two datasets having complex cases and road network was extracted at average completeness, correctness and quality of 84.3%, 93% and 79.2%, respectively. The method achieves significant improvement in comparison with several state-of-the-art methods.

Double Adaptive Intensity-Threshold Method for Uneven Lidar Data to Extract Road Markings

Due to the large volume and high redundancy of point clouds, there are many dilemmas in road-marking extraction algorithms, especially from uneven lidar point clouds. To extract road markings efficiently, this study presents a novel method for handling the uneven density distribution of point clouds and the high reflection intensity of road markings. The method first segments the point-cloud data into blocks perpendicular to the vehicle trajectory. Then it applies the double adaptive intensity-threshold method to extract road markings from road surfaces. Finally, it performs an adaptive spatial density filter based on the density distribution of point-cloud data to remove false road-marking points. The average completeness, correctness, and F measure of road-marking extraction are 0.827, 0.887, and 0.854, respectively, indicating that the proposed method is efficient and robust.

ANALISIS KELENGKAPAN PENGISIAN KARTU PENDERITA KUSTA OLEH PETUGAS KUSTA DI KOTA PEKALONGAN

Leprosy is a contagious disease which is a neglected disease or a case that is neglected because it cannot be completely controlled. Based on PMK No.11 of 2019 concerning Leprosy Eradication, recording and reporting is one of the most important elements to obtain an overview and information on activities at all levels of program implementers.The purpose of this study was to describe the completeness of filling out the leprosy patient cards at the Pekalongan City Health Center. The method of this type of qualitative descriptive research by determining the sources using purposive sampling technique totaling 5 leprosy officers and 33 leprosy patient cards. Data collection using in-depth interviews and observations. Data analysis used qualitative analysis with the stages of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions and verification. Result : overall of the 33 cards, the average completeness of the leprosy card filling out was 75%. The incompleteness of filling out leprosy patient cards is due to the lack of attitude of leprosy officers, the lack of completeness checks by superiors and limited human resources. Based on the results of the research, it is suggested that the Pekalongan City Health Office be able to coordinate the cooperation between leprosy officers in all puskesmas in Pekalongan City to make joint visits in turn so that the household contact and environmental contacts can be filled completely and increase supervision of the completeness of filling out leprosy patients cards.

The Effectiveness of Interactive Multimedia 3D Modeling of Metallic Bondings to Optimize Visual-Spatial Intelligence

The research aims to test the effectiveness of three-dimensional (3D) modelling of metallic bonding as a learning media to optimize student visual-spatial intelligence. The respondents of this research were 25 students of the class 2017 in Universitas Negeri Surabaya. Data was collected online three times, including initial knowledge test, small group test, and large group test. The data collection method uses multiple-choice tests consisting of ten questions about metallic bonding and five visual-spatial questions. There is a 20-minute limit to answer all those questions after getting the experience to use the media. The effectiveness is analyzed based on classical learning completeness obtained from the average individual completeness value. Based on the results, the interactive multimedia 3D metallic bonding model effectively optimizes visual-spatial intelligence. The percentage of classical completeness in the small and large groups is 75.00 and 76.00 (%), respectively. This value is classified into the high category based on the recapitulation of student learning outcomes level.

Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Learning Cycle 5E dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa

This study departs from problems in class VII K SMP N 1 Banjar, where student learning outcomes are still relatively low. To overcome these problems research into the application of learning cycle 5e. This study is aimed to determine the increase of sosial studies learning outcomes in class VII K SMP Negeri 1 Banjar through the application of learning cycle 5e of the fourth basic competencies with the material scarcity and human needs, Action, Motif and Economic Principle. The type of the research is Class Action Research (CAR) and the data collected through observation and test method. The type of data is quantitative data. Based on the results of the study stated that the first cycle of student learning outcomes in the first cycle obtain an average learning completeness is 71,44%, then in the second cycle obtain an average learning completeness is 85,44%. Research results prove that sosial studies learning outcomes can increase after applying learning cycle 5e in class VII K SMP Negeri 1 Banjar.

FOREST FUND OF RIVNE REGION: STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS

In the article, we investigated the current state of the forest fund of Rivne region, which is in the process of reform. We analyzed the dynamics of forest-covered lands from the 1996 to the present time. Forests of Rivne region by ecological and socio-economic significance and depending on the main functions performed by them are divided into the following categories: protective forests - 45085.4 ha, operational forests - 527010.3 ha, recreational and health forests - 63821,8 ha, forests of nature protection, scientific, historical and cultural purpose - 78253.9 ha. The study of the forest species in the Rivne region showed a predominance of coniferous species – 65 % (softwood – 25 %, hardwood – 10 %). The dominant species were found: pine – 65 %, birch hung – 14,8 %, alder black – 10 %, ordinary oak – 8.6%. The study of the age structure of the forests makes it possible to talk about its unevenness, since 12.5 % belong to ripe and overgrown forest stands, 23.4 % to young, 40.1 % to medieval. Average age of forest stands of the forest fund: coniferous – 54 years, hardwood – 71, softwood – 44. The study of the age structure showed the progressive aging of forests, an increase in the average age of over 10 years and an increase in the area of perennial plantings. Distribution of tree stands by age classes showed that the largest share of areas among all groups of rocks is occupied by trees of 5–7 classes of age, that is, medieval plantations. The youngest classes age 1–4 are most widely presented among softwood, 10–15 grades – among hardwood (about 20 %). That is, the smallest life spans are soft leafy breeds, and the longest are hard leafy breeds. In the study of the productivity of the tree plant, the following indicators, such as bonite, completeness, and stock of wood, have been studied, which made it possible to draw conclusions about the average productivity of the forests of the region. Woods of the Rivne region are marked by high classes of bonitet. The I and II bonitty classes make up more than 34 %. According to our estimates, the middle class of the forest stand bonite in the forest fund of the region is equal to I,72. The average completeness of plantations of the Rivne region is close to optimal and is 0.70. The most complete plantings are found: conifers, and the least – leafy. In the study of the productivity of the tree plant, the following indicators, such as bonite, completeness, and stock of wood, have been studied, which made it possible to draw conclusions about the average productivity of the forests of the region. The rocks of the forests are the closest to optimal. The main areas of forest ecologization in the Rivne region should be the multi-purpose use of forest resources and the continuity of forest use.
 Key words: forest, forest landscape, forest type, woodland, flood, forest fund, species composition, age structure, bonite class, completeness, forest use, reforestation.

Main forestry and management indices of pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands involving beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in composition of Ukrainian Roztochchia

Abstract As of 2019, the total area of forest stands with the varying proportion of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in composition on the Ukrainian Roztochchia was 11,251.3 ha and the area of pine stands involving European beech in composition was 6879.5 ha. Pine stands involving beech in composition are formed on the fresh, moist and boggy relatively pure and relatively rich soil condition. Pine forest stands (average share of pine exceeds 56%), which include beech in composition occupy more than 80% of the total area of interest. Mature and overmature forest stands dominate most of the landscape. More than 85% of stands are characterized by an average relative completeness. Undergrowth of deciduous tree species, which is mainly formed by European beech or hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) and rarely by common oak (Quercus robur L.) or sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus), is available under a canopy of middle-aged, ripening and mature stands. The study points to the need to rethink forest management approaches and eventually to use such methods of forest cuttings that ensure natural regeneration not only of a European beech and common oak, but primarily of a pine. The practice of creating pine plantations in such conditions favourable for its growth and development should be used only in those cases when it is impossible to achieve natural regeneration of pine.

IMPLEMENTATION OF DIRECTED READING ACTIVITY (DRA) STRATEGY IN IMPROVING COMPREHENSION READING ABILITY

The purpose of this study was to improve students' reading comprehension skills by using the DRA strategy using the classroom action research method in class I with 28 students with the results of research on teacher observation activities in the first cycle of meeting I in the low category with a score of 10 or 50.00%. At the second meeting, cycle I experienced an increase with the acquisition of a score of 12 or 60.00% in the sufficient category. In the second cycle of the first meeting, the teacher's activity has increased with the acquisition of a score of 15 or 75.00% in the good category, and in the second cycle of the second meeting, the teacher's activity has increased with a score of 17 or 85.00% in the very good category. The ability to read comprehension of class II students using the DRA strategy on classical completeness before taking action with an average of 39.29 in the incomplete category. After taking action by doing the DRA strategy, it was obtained an average classical completeness of 50 in the incomplete category, after reflecting on learning in cycle I was corrected for deficiencies in cycle II with completeness results reaching 79 in the complete category even though it was not in accordance with the high target of improvement.

Genetic diversity and population structure of Jamunapari goat in India using pedigree analysis.

Pedigree records of 6821 Jamunapari goats of India were collected from 1980 to 2011 and used to evaluate the population structure and genetic diversity in this flock. Animals born between 2009 and 2011 represented the current reference population. The average pedigree completeness index (PCI) and numbers of equivalent complete generations (EqG) were estimated for the entire (PCI = 0.18, EqG = 2.24) and reference (PCI = 0.31, EqG = 3.45) populations. The average generation interval was 3.33 years. The average inbreeding coefficient and the average relatedness were 0.46 and 1.06%, respectively, for the entire population and 0.77 and 3.87% for the reference population. The rate of inbreeding was 0.06% per generation. The effective population size (Ne), estimated from increases in inbreeding coefficients between the first and third equivalent complete generations, was 52.65, but periodic introductions of unrelated breeding males resulted in average inbreeding levels in the reference population that were lower than those predicted from the estimate of Ne. Effective numbers of founders (fe), ancestors (fa), founder genomes equivalents (fg), and non-founder genomes (fng) were 51, 39, 25.8, and 48.2, respectively. The fe/fa ratio in the reference population was 1.31 and indicated that occasional bottlenecks had occurred in the population. The 14 most influential ancestors contributed 50% of the genetic variability in the reference population, with a maximum individual contribution of 9.25%. Approximately 1.9% of the initial heterozygosity had been lost from the population, indicating that substantial genetic diversity still exists in this flock.

Progress and challenges in potential access to oral health primary care services in Brazil: A population-based panel study with latent transition analysis.

ObjectiveCompared indicators of potential access to oral health services sought in two cycles of the Program for Improvement of Access and Quality of Primary Care (PMAQ-AB), verifying whether the program generated changes in access to oral health services.MethodsTransitional analysis of latent classes was used to analyze two cross-sections of the external evaluation of the PMAQ-AB (Cycle I: 2011–2012 and Cycle II: 2013–2014), identifying completeness classes for a structure and work process related to oral health. Consider three indicators of structure (presence of a dental surgeon, existence of a dental office and operating at minimum hours) and five of the work process (scheduling every day of the week, home visits, basic dental procedures, scheduling for spontaneous demand and continuation of treatment). Choropleth maps and hotspots were made.ResultsThe proportion of elements that had one or more dentist (CD), dental office and operated at minimum hours varied from 65.56% to 67.13 between the two cycles of the PMAQ-AB. The number of teams that made appointments every day of the week increased 8.7% and those that made home visits varied from 44.51% to 52.88%. The reduction in the number of teams that reported guaranteeing the agenda for accommodating spontaneous demand, varying from 62.41% to 60.11% and in the continuity of treatment, varying from 63.41% to 61.11%. For the structure of health requirements, the predominant completeness profile was "Best completeness" in both cycles, comprising 71.0% of the sets at time 1 and 67.0% at time 2. The proportion of teams with "Best completeness" increased by 89.1%, the one with "Worst completeness" increased by 20%, while those with "Average completeness" decreased by 66.3%.ConclusionWe identified positive changes in the indicators of potential access to oral health services, expanding the users’ ability to use them. However, some access attributes remain unsatisfactory, with organizational barriers persisting.

Improving Student Asking Activity by Using Learning Start with a Question (LSQ) Learning Method

<p><em>This study aims to meet whether the Learning Start With A Question (LSQ) learning method can be used to improve the results of questioning activeness in grade IV SD Negeri Pereng. This research method is Classroom Action Research (PTK), using the model of Kesmis and Mc. Taggart. The subjects in this study were the fourth grade students of SD Negeri Pereng, Tasikmalaya Regency, totaling 17 students. Data collection techniques in the form of student observation sheets, tests to determine the ability to ask questions and administrative learning documents. The results showed that the use of the Learning Start With A Question (LSQ) learning method in social studies learning could increase the activeness of the fourth grade students of SD Negeri Pereng, Tasikmalaya Regency. Based on the test results obtained by students at the end of each cycle, it showed an increase in student questioning activity. The average completeness in the first cycle was 47.35, and the average completeness in the second cycle was 67.64, while the average of the third cycle was 78.82. The results show that the quality of the learning process, especially in questioning activeness, has increased.</em><em></em></p>

Quality in the appraisal of head and neck sonography results in university hospitals-a random sample

HintergrundDie Ultraschalldiagnostik gilt für den Radiologen, Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Arzt (HNO) oder Mund-Kiefer-Gesichts-Chirurgen als Standard in der Abklärung zahlreicher Pathologien. Es besteht ein Konsens, dass die digitale Dokumentation heute dringend notwendig ist, um die Qualität der sonographischen Dokumentationen zu verbessern und zu standardisieren. Es häufen sich Publikationen zur Implementierung standardisierter Befunddokumentation einschließlich der Kopf- und Halssonographie.Ziel der ArbeitDie vorliegende Arbeit zielt darauf ab, die Qualität von routinemäßig angefertigten Kopf- und Halssonographiebefunden nach Kriterien der Kassenärztlichen Vereinigung (KV) Bayern an einer Auswahl deutscher HNO-Universitätskliniken stichprobenartig zu ermitteln.Material und MethodenInsgesamt wurden retrospektiv 70 zufällig ausgewählte, anonymisierte schriftliche Befunde einschließlich Bildmaterial von insgesamt 7 HNO-Universitätskliniken stichprobenartig nach KV-Kriterien durch einen erfahrenen Prüfer der KV Bayern ausgewertet und deskriptiv analysiert.ErgebnisseVon 70 Befunden konnten 69 ausgewertet werden. Die Dokumentationsvollständigkeit lag im Mittel bei 80,6 %. Neun Befunde waren vollständig korrekt dokumentiert (13 %). Die Dokumentationsvollständigkeit der einzelnen Kliniken lag zwischen 68,1 % und 93 %. Mit 88,5 % vs. 75 % erbrachte eine strukturierte Befundung eine höhere Befundvollständigkeit. In 75 % der Fälle verfügten die Kliniken mit strukturiertem Befund auch über digitale Dokumentationslösungen.SchlussfolgerungDie Vollständigkeit und Qualität von routinemäßig angefertigten Kopf- und Halssonographiebefunden an einer Auswahl von HNO-Universitätskliniken ist insgesamt optimierbar. Die Implementierung strukturierter Befundmasken und die Umstellung der analogen Dokumentation auf digitale Lösungen sowie Vernetzung mit dem Klinikinformationssystem (KIS) und Bildarchivierungs- und Kommunikationssystem (PACS) sollte weiter vorangetrieben werden. Darüber hinaus sind leitende Ärzte dazu angehalten, die Befundqualität unerfahrener Kollegen regelmäßig zu prüfen und im Rahmen der Facharztausbildung auf die Erfüllung entsprechender Standards wie der KV-Ultraschallvereinbarung hinzuarbeiten.

Completeness of reporting and outcome switching in trials published in Indian journals from 2017 to 2019: A cross-sectional study.

Context:Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are among the cornerstones for generation of high-quality clinical evidence. However, incomplete or biased reporting of trials can hamper the process of review of trials and their results. Outcome switching, intentional, or otherwise leads to biased reporting and can result in false inferences.Aims:The aim of this study was to analyze the completeness of reporting Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) 2010 checklist items and detect if outcome switching had occurred.Settings and Design:This cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of pharmacology.Methods:Online editions of journals published by the Indian association of medical specialties from 2017 to 2019 were accessed, and the full-text versions of the published RCTs in them were downloaded. Reporting of each item in the CONSORT checklist was recorded. The effect of trial registration and CONSORT endorsement on reporting of key methodological parameters was also determined. Protocols of registered trials were accessed, and the outcome switching was assessed.Statistical Analysis Used:Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data.Results:Average completeness of reporting has significantly improved from 2017 to 2019. Major areas of underreporting were generalizability, protocol availability, trial registration, date of recruitment, allocation concealment, and the patient flow diagram. CONSORT endorsing journals had worse, whereas registered trials had better reporting of key methodological indicators. No overt switching of outcomes was observed in 84 out of 86 registered trials where trial protocols were available online for comparison.Conclusions:Quality of clinical trial reporting in the Indian medical journals has improved but remains inadequate. CONSORT nonendorsement prevents completeness of trial reporting.

How much survey effort is required to assess bird assemblages in fire-prone eucalypt forests using acoustic recorders?

Abstract Context Forest fire activity is expected to increase in many parts of the globe over the course of the 21st century, with corresponding potential for heightened levels of proximate and ultimate threats to avian diversity. Landscape-scale investigations of the responses of birds in locations where current extreme fire regimes represent those expected in the future provide opportunities to identify potentially vulnerable species in advance. Autonomous acoustic recorders are well suited to survey birds in the typically large and remote natural areas with low accessibility required for these types of studies, because they offer cost-effective and relatively safe options for obtaining reliable data. Aims The present study aimed to optimise survey using acoustic recorders to achieve a satisfactory assessment of montane dry sclerophyll forest bird assemblages using these devices. Survey completeness, or the number of species detected as a percentage of total species, was used as a metric to gauge survey suitability. Methods Acoustic recorders were deployed in 10 ridge-top forest sites in the Blue Mountains, south-eastern Australia. Extensive field recordings were processed by an analyst, with species detected by their calls recorded in a series of 20-min samples. A results-based approach, incorporating a stopping rule that established when to conclude sampling at a site, was applied to the data. The results guided the target survey completeness and sampling effort levels assigned to a set of fixed-effort survey methods, which were subsequently evaluated. Key results The optimal survey method involved using recordings from five 20-min sampling periods immediately following dawn for 2 days, achieving an average survey completeness level of 69%. Conclusions The optimal survey method can obtain results that are suitable for many types of studies involving assessments of bird assemblages, because the method can detect all common and moderately common species in assemblages, plus a fair proportion of rare species. Implications The present study has systematically developed an effective method of using autonomous acoustic recorders to research and monitor montane bird assemblages in fire-prone dry sclerophyll forests. This methodological approach may also be applied in systems subject to altered patterns of flood, storm or other extreme weather under climate change.