Males Average Age Research Articles

Lifespan of male and female APP/PS1 and APPNL-F/NL-F mouse models of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) disproportionately affects women, yet most preclinical research studies are male-centric. We performed lifespan analyses of male and female AD mouse models (APP/PS1 and APPNL-F/NL-F) and their shared genetic background control (C57BL/6). Survival curves support significant sex differences between within genotypes. Minimal longevity revealed increased age in male APP/PS1, and decreased age in APPNL-F/NL-F mice. Maximal longevity revealed an increased average age in males. Furthermore, median lifespan differed between sex and genotype. This study supports sexual dimorphic survival in two mouse models of AD, emphasizing the need to examine mechanisms and treatments in both sexes.

Clinical profile in relation to age and gender of patients with temporomandibular disorders: a retrospective study

BackgroundThe present study is to evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD).MethodsA total of 3362 TMD patients were included. Each participant had complete medical records according to the diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (DC/TMD). The clinical characteristics including symptoms and signs in relation to age and gender were analyzed.ResultsThe mean age of the patients seeking care was 29.89 ± 13.73Y, and 68.6% of patients were aged 16–35 years. The female-to-male ratio of patients was 2.2: 1, and the average age of males was significantly lower than that of females. The prevalence of clicking symptoms decreased with age, while the prevalence of pain symptoms and limitations in jaw movement increased with age. Females were more likely to have limitations in jaw movement than males. Among the patients with pain, the average visual analogue scale (VAS) was 2.96 ± 1.23. The average VAS score of acute TMD patients (≤ 3 months) was significantly higher than that of chronic TMD patients (> 3 months).ConclusionsThe majority of TMD patients seeking care were young people. The number and average age of female patients was higher than the males. Female patients were more likely to have limitations in jaw movement than males.

Age structure of the Japanese treefrog – <i>Dryophytes japonicus</i> (Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae) in the south of the Primorsky krai (Russian Far East)

The article presents the results of age structure studying in a population of the Japanese treefrog (Dryophytes japonicus) by skeletochronology. Animals were caught in the vicinity of Fokino town and Dunay settlement (Primorsky Krai, Russian Federation) in the third decade of July, 2022–2023. Cross sections of a finger’s phalanges were used as a registering structure. To es- timate age, preparations from 59 individuals (12 females and 47 males) were used. The body length of females and males was in a range of 29.40–44.80 mm (on average 38.50 ± 5.69) and 34.16–44.16 mm (on average 38.30 ± 2.36), respectively. The age of females and males varied in a range of 1–4 years (on average 2.7 ± 1.3) and 1–5 years (on average 2.2 ± 1.1), respectively. The modal age in females and males was 4 years (41.6 % of all studied individuals) and 1–2 years (63.8 %), respectively. The average age of males and females did not differ statistically significant- ly. Body length depended on age, in both females (r = 0.82, p < 0.05) and males (r = 0.54, p < 0.05). The expectancy longevity in females and males was 4.41 years (S = 0.744) and 3.76 years (S = 0.693), respectively. The growth of males stops after reaching puberty. Females continue to grow after maturation; that is why the most adult individuals are the largest ones. The growth rate coefficient (k) was higher in males (2.22) than in females (0.89). The authors note that in the south of the Primorsky Krai, D. japonicus is characterized by the minimum age of puberty and life longevity among all studied populations.

P-176 A novel electrophoretic sperm isolation system achieves equivalent ICSI outcomes to the combined density gradient centrifugation and swim-up method in a significantly shorter processing time

Abstract Study question Does an electrophoretically sperm isolation method, the Felix™ system, have clinical or operational advantages over the combined density gradient centrifugation and swim-up (DGCS) method? Summary answer The Felix™ system produces results that are comparable to the DGCS method, however, Felix™ has the ability to isolate spermatozoa more efficiently. What is known already The isolation of healthy spermatozoa to improve ART outcomes has received enormous attention in the literature recently. Although swim-up and density gradient centrifugation are the most common sperm separation methods, the optimal technique is still unclear. Recently, good sperm selection approaches using various non-centrifugal devices have emerged. Previous reports have shown that a quick and simple sperm separation device, the Felix™ system, can isolate high-quality spermatozoa and improve the results of ART. The Felix™ system combines electrophoresis and separation membranes to collect negatively charged mature normal sperm. Study design, size, duration A prospective oocyte sibling study was conducted between March 2023 and December 2023. The study involved infertile couples (n = 45) with a semen volume of 2.3 mL or more, a motile sperm concentration of 2 million/mL or more, maternal age under 43 years, and at least four mature oocytes at the time of oocyte retrieval. Ejaculated semen was prepared separately using DGCS and Felix™ on the day of oocyte retrieval and subsequent ICSI results were analyzed. Participants/materials, setting, methods In the DGCS group, semen was layered on a 45/90% of sperm grad and centrifuged for 15 minutes, followed by a 30 min swim-up. Subsequently, 0.3 mL of supernatant was collected. In the Felix™ group, 0.3 mL of sperm was collected following six minutes of membrane hydration and electrophoresis. Sperm concentration, total motility, progressive motility and DNA fragmentation (SDFR) were measured. Fertilization, blastocyst development, good-quality blastocyst development, and embryo utilisation rates were also assessed. Main results and the role of chance The average female age at the time of oocyte retrieval was 36.5±4.0 years, and the average male age was 38.1±5.9 years. Of 401 oocytes, 200 and 201 oocytes underwent ICSI using sperm prepared by DGCS and Felix™, respectively. The average processing time of Felix™ was significantly shorter than that of DGCS (54.0±4.3 vs. 7.4±0.2 minutes, p < 0.001, respectively). No significant difference was observed between the DGCS and Felix™ groups for sperm concentration (p = 0.49), motility (p = 0.05), progressive motility (p = 0.34), and SDFR (p = 0.09). Furthermore, there were no significant differences between the two groups with regards to fertilization rate (81.0% vs. 80.6%, p = 0.92), blastocyst development rate (52.9% vs. 58.4%, p = 0.60), good-quality blastocyst development rate (26.1% vs. 35.7%, p = 0.06), and embryo utilisation rate (54.3% vs 58.0%, p = 0.50). Limitations, reasons for caution Although the DGCS method was used as a comparison group, it is necessary to compare the Felix™ system with DGC alone, swim-up alone, or other sperm isolation methods. Larger, more powered studies are required to determine the impact on pregnancy and live birth outcomes. Wider implications of the findings The Felix™ system is a viable option for sperm isolation. While DGCS requires complicated procedures and time-consuming process including centrifugation and incubation; Felix™ requires six minutes only. The Felix™ system reduces processing times significantly and therefore can improve laboratory operations and workflow. Trial registration number Not Applicable

P-083 Short ejaculatory abstinence time of 2 hours results in higher pregnancy outcomes compared to the recommended abstinence period of 2-7 days

Abstract Study question What is the impact of a short abstinence (2h) compared to the recommended (2-7 days) ejaculatory abstinence time on embryo utilization rate and pregnancy outcome? Summary answer A short abstinence of 2 hours results in similar embryo utilization rates, but in reduced sperm DNA fragmentation and higher pregnancy rates. What is known already Semen parameters exhibit variability among and within individuals, and ejaculatory abstinence time (EA) is a known factor contributing to intra-individual variation. Despite the challenge of providing a specific recommendation for the optimal timeframe, recent studies suggested that a shorter abstinence is likely to decrease DNA fragmentation levels in semen and improve pregnancy and live birth rates following assisted reproductive technology. At present, ESHRE recommends a more limited range than the WHO manual, advising an ejaculatory abstinence of 3 to 4 days. Study design, size, duration This prospective proof-of-concept sibling oocyte study (n = 100 cycles), conducted between January 2018 and June 2023, required two sperm samples per patient. The initial sperm sample was produced on the day of oocyte retrieval following the requested abstinence period of 2-7 days. The second sperm sample was collected 2 hours later. Sibling oocytes were randomly allocated to injection with the first or second sample. Sibling oocytes of each patient were cultured under the same conditions. Participants/materials, setting, methods Inclusion criteria were ≥ 6 mature oocytes (MII), fresh ejaculates with concentration >1x106/ml, ICSI with subsequent blastocyst culture. Endpoints were pregnancy outcome, fertilization, blastocyst development, utilization rate, sperm concentration/motility and DNA fragmentation index (DFI) measured by TUNEL. Statistical analysis was done taking into account female age and clustering. A total of 104 couples consented to provide two samples on the day of oocyte retrieval and were enrolled. Main results and the role of chance Average abstinence periods of 98:48h±20:01 vs 02:05h±00:18 were observed. Sperm concentration (x106/ml), progressive forward motility and DFI, were 46.53±39.6 vs 37.0±37.1 (p < 0.001), 52.14%±20.1 vs 49.79%±20.4 (p = 0.152) and 6.76%±7.0 vs 5.37%±7.2 (p = 0.024), respectively. Of the 1282 collected oocytes, 634 were injected with the first sperm sample and 648 with the ‘2h EA sample’. Fertilization rates per MII (79.3% vs 80.7%, p = 0.154) and good-quality day 3 embryos (76.7% vs 77.6%, p = 0.276) were similar between both groups. From the 93 patients with blastocyst culture (with average female age of 33.9±5.0 years; average male age of 36.4±6.6 years), 1173 oocytes were stratified for injection: 580 (first sample) and 593 (second sample), respectively. Fertilization rates (81.4% vs 82.3%, p = 0.074) and good-quality day 5 blastocysts (46.2% vs 49.5%, p = 0.534) did not differ between the groups. Utilization rate per inseminated (30.5% vs 35.8%, p = 0.126) or fertilized (37.5% vs 43.4%, p = 0.153) oocyte was similar between the groups. Single fresh and frozen embryo transfers were compared between embryos generated after the requested (2-7 days; n = 91) and short (2h; n = 94) abstinence. Pregnancy rate was significantly higher after short abstinence: 49.5% (45/91) vs 62.8% (59/94); p = 0.01. Ongoing pregnancy rate was 31.9% (29/91) and 40.4% (38/94); p = 0.10. Limitations, reasons for caution This is a prospective proof-of-concept study, not powered to detect differences in utilization and pregnancy outcomes. Not all patient are capable of producing two sperm samples within 2 hours from each other. Wider implications of the findings The results indicate a significant, yet not relevant difference in DNA fragmentation index (DFI) but a relevant difference in pregnancy rate between the two groups. If increased live birth rates are obtained after short abstinence, recommendations concerning EA might need adaptation. Trial registration number NCT03323892

Health-Promoting Benefits of Exercise Awareness and Exercise Behavior in Older Adults: An Exercise Program Intervention

The purpose of this study was to use the aerobic exercise program as an intervention to understand exercise awareness and exercise behavior in older adults and to predict health promotion. This study recruited 120 healthy older adults (60 males and 60 females) over 65 years old (average male age 72.15 ± 3.53 years, female average age 71.64 ± 3.97 years), males and females were randomly assigned to the experimental group, and the control group (30 males, 30 females). The experimental group underwent an “aerobic fitness exercise program” for 8 week, while the control group underwent 8 weeks of daily life. All participants were first surveyed on background variables. At the beginning and end of the experiment, the experimental group and control group of males and females had to undergo the senior fitness test (SFT), the Elderly Exercise Awareness and Exercise Behavior Scale (EAEBI) and the Elderly Health Promotion Inventory (HPI) survey. The results of the study showed that male Cohen’s d = .326, and female Cohen’s d = .371, both showed small effects; related power analysis male effect size (es) = 0.2, female effect size (es) = 0.1, showed that the participants were homogeneous, the mean ages of males and females of the Q-Q plot showed normality. The SFT analysis of the experimental group and the control group found that Int-2, Int-1, Con-1, and Con-2 were significantly different between males and females. The EAEBI scale analysis found that the male experimental group had the largest difference in awareness effect ( F = 9.47, p < .05), and the female experimental group had the largest difference in exercise cognition ( F = 11.35, p < .05). HPI scale analysis found that the male experimental group had the largest difference in physical activity ( F = 14.83, p < .05), and the female experimental group had the largest difference in social support ( F = 13.19, p < .05). Finally, the intervention measures of aerobic fitness exercise program could positively affect the exercise perceived and exercise behavior of the older adults, and had positive effects on health promotion. This study has practical significance for an aging society. Promoting health through regular exercise can also reduce medical resources, which is the subject of effective preventive medicine.

NAVIGATING THE CHALLENGES OF RETIREMENT TRANSITIONS FOR COUPLES IN ARAB SOCIETY

Abstract Retirement marks the beginning of the third age and is considered one of the most significant transitions in the later stages of life In the aging process, individuals and couples must adapt to many changes that affect their lifestyle and marital relationships. This study investigates post-retirement couples’ dynamics in Arab society, focusing on Relational Turbulence Theory (RTT) and its correlation with marital satisfaction and intimacy. Data from 106 retired couples (average male age = 70.3, female age = 65.1) reveal RTT’s relevance in explaining relationship uncertainty and interdependence during transitions. Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis, psychometric properties are validated, and gender equivalence is established. Actor-Partner Interdependence Modeling demonstrates that self-uncertainty, partner uncertainty, relationship uncertainty, interference, and facilitation significantly predict marital quality and intimacy. Partners’ impact is crucial. emphasizing how a partner’s experiences influence marital outcomes. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the complexities of post-retirement relationships in Arab society. The main theoretical contribution of the current study will be linking gerontology and couple dynamics in the context of the Arab society in Israel, which is an ethnic minority group and a traditional society in transition (modernization). the Practical implications of this study are helping professionals understand the factors that affect the quality of a couple’s relationship after retirement. This understanding will help professionals to provide adequate interventions for couples pre and postretirement, furthermore, the study’s findings will contribute to developing retirement planning interventions and culturally sensitive intervention programs for couples from the Arab society in Israel postretirement.

Age structure of the population of Anguis colchica orientalis (Reptilia, Anguidae) in the Talysh Mountains

The paper presents the results of studying the age and growth of the eastern slow worm (Anguis colchica orientalis) in the upper reaches of the Tangeru River (Astara district, Republic of Azerbaijan). Lizards (8 males and 6 females) were caught from March to August in 2011–2019. Their age was determined by the number of lines of arrested growth (LAG) on the cross sections of the tail vertebrae. Sections of the mandibular bone were also examined in three dead individuals. The number of LAG on the mandibular bone sections and the caudal vertebra coincided. The studied animals were aged from 1 to 10 years. The average age of males and females was 4.86 and 5.33 years, respectively. More than half of the males (5 individuals) were 4–5 years old, and a third of the females (2 individuals) were six years old. The life expectancy after the first wintering in females and males was 6.70 (S = 0.84) and 5.93 years (S = 0.82), respectively. It is noted that age determination by cross-sections of the tail vertebrae in slow worms is possible and allows conducting studies on live lizards.

Clinical characteristics and outcome of autoimmune pancreatitis based on serum immunoglobulin G4 level: A single-center, retrospective cohort study.

Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) has been linked with elevated immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 levels. The characteristics and outcomes of AIP based on serum markers have not been fully evaluated. To compare clinical features, treatment efficacy, and outcome of AIP based on serum IgG4 levels and analyze predictors of relapse. A total of 213 patients with AIP were consecutively reviewed in our hospital from 2006 to 2021. According to the serum IgG4 level, all patients were divided into two groups, the abnormal group (n = 148) with a high level of IgG4 [> 2 × upper limit of normal (ULN)] and the normal group (n = 65). The t-test or Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare continuous variables. Categorical parameters were compared by the χ2 test or Fisher's exact test. Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank tests were established to assess the cumulative relapse rates. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to investigate potential risk factors of AIP relapse. Compared with the normal group, the abnormal group had a higher average male age (60.3 ± 10.4 vs 56.5 ± 12.9 years, P = 0.047); higher level of serum total protein (72.5 ± 7.9 g/L vs 67.2 ± 7.5 g/L, P < 0.001), IgG4 (1420.5 ± 1110.9 mg/dL vs 252.7 ± 106.6 mg/dL, P < 0.001), and IgE (635.6 ± 958.1 IU/mL vs 231.7 ± 352.5 IU/mL, P = 0.002); and a lower level of serum complement C3 (100.6 ± 36.2 mg/dL vs 119.0 ± 45.7 mg/dL, P = 0.050). In addition, a lower number of cases with abnormal pancreatic duct and pancreatic atrophy (23.6% vs 37.9%, P = 0.045; 1.6% vs 8.6%, P = 0.020, respectively) and a higher rate of relapse (17.6% vs 6.2%, P = 0.030) were seen in the abnormal group. Multivariate analyses revealed that serum IgG4 [(> 2 × ULN), hazard ratio (HR): 3.583; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.218-10.545; P = 0.020] and IgA (> 1 × ULN; HR: 5.908; 95%CI: 1.199-29.120; P = 0.029) and age > 55 years (HR: 2.383; 95%CI: 1.056-5.378; P = 0.036) were independent risk factors of relapse. AIP patients with high IgG4 levels have clinical features including a more active immune system and higher relapse rate. Several factors, such as IgG4 and IgA, are associated with relapse.

Comparison between Two Methods of Skeletal Growth Evaluation: Cervical Vertebrae Maturations and Middle Phalanx Maturation.

Growth measurement has always been essential to identify the best time to employ orthopedic or orthodontic appliances. Optimal timing for orthodontic treatment is strictly linked to the identification of periods of craniofacial growth when treatment is more effective.The aim of this study was to compare two different methods, middle phalanx maturation (MPM) and cervical vertebrae maturation (CVM), used to evaluate the stage of facial growth. The research data was collected from July 2018 to April 2019 at the Dental Clinic of the San Gerardo Hospital in Monza. The study included a sample of 98 patients-46 males and 52 females. For each patient, a latero-lateral teleradiography of the skull and an X-ray on the middle finger of the right hand were obtained.The statistical analysis of the comparison of the stages of skeletal maturation obtained by the MPM and CVM methods was performed using the correlation coefficient for ranks of Spearman. A descriptive statistical analysis of the entire sample of 98 patients was performed (mean age of 12.2 years and median of 12.2 years). The average age of females in every single stage of MPM was significantly lower than the average age of males. Of the total sample, 87 patients (88.8%) showed complete agreement between the two methods. The results obtained from the statistical analysis of this study allowed us to confirm a satisfactory agreement between the two methods.The intermediate phalanx method is a valid and alternative indicator to CVM for the identification of the puberty growth peak. We can, therefore, consider the MPM method a valid indicator of skeletal maturity. Mirabelli L, Bianco E, Pigato G, et al. Comparison between Two Methods of Skeletal Growth Evaluation: Cervical Vertebrae Maturations and Middle Phalanx Maturation. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(2):327-332.

MP43-14 THE IMPACT OF VARICOCELE EMBOLISATION ON SPERM DNA FRAGMENTATION &amp; ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY (ART) OUTCOMES

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 Apr 2023MP43-14 THE IMPACT OF VARICOCELE EMBOLISATION ON SPERM DNA FRAGMENTATION & ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGY (ART) OUTCOMES Adwoa Nyantakyi, Sheena Lewis, Yau Thum, Timothy Bracewell-Milnes, James Nicopoullos, Mohamed Al-Hussini, Jonathan Ramsay, Suks Minhas, and Tet Yap Adwoa NyantakyiAdwoa Nyantakyi More articles by this author , Sheena LewisSheena Lewis More articles by this author , Yau ThumYau Thum More articles by this author , Timothy Bracewell-MilnesTimothy Bracewell-Milnes More articles by this author , James NicopoullosJames Nicopoullos More articles by this author , Mohamed Al-HussiniMohamed Al-Hussini More articles by this author , Jonathan RamsayJonathan Ramsay More articles by this author , Suks MinhasSuks Minhas More articles by this author , and Tet YapTet Yap More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000003289.14AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: A varicocele is a common and treatable cause of male infertility. Current guidelines advocate for treatment of varicoceles based on abnormal semenalysis rather than abnormal sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF). High SDF has been associated with poor pregnancy outcomes following ART. The aim of the study was to determine the outcomes of varicocele embolisation in an infertile male population on SDF and subsequent ART outcomes. METHODS: A retrospective study of 130 consecutive male partners of infertile couples with a clinical varicocele between 2015 and 2022 were included. 119 of these men underwent varicocele embolisation by a team of 2 radiologists, whilst 11 declined. SDF was assessed by the alkaline Comet test pre-intervention and at least 3 months after. 84 treated and the 11 untreated men proceeded to ICSI. Baseline couple parameters such as age, and pregnancy and live birth rate outcomes in the ART cycle following this intervention between groups were analysed. T & chi-square tests were used on continuous and categorical data respectively (significance rate p<0.01). RESULTS: Varicocele embolisation significantly reduced the proportion of sperm with DNA damage across all three Comet parameters (p<0.01) (Table 1). Only 18% of these men had normal semenalysis. Baseline parameters for men and women were similar with an average male age of 39 and female age of 37 for both groups. Couples who underwent embolisation had a significantly better pregnancy rate (65% vs 18%, p<0.01) and higher live birth rate which did not reach significance due to low numbers (32% vs 9%, p=0.11). CONCLUSIONS: There was a significant reduction in SDF following varicocele embolisation in this population of men of couples with infertility, with a significant difference in pregnancy rate outcomes in the treated group. Repair of clinical varicoceles improves sperm DNA quality, and can optimize fertility treatment success, even in patient with normal semenalysis. Limitations of the study include small numbers in the ‘untreated’ arm and lack of randomisation, a future avenue for research. Source of Funding: None © 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 209Issue Supplement 4April 2023Page: e606 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2023 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Adwoa Nyantakyi More articles by this author Sheena Lewis More articles by this author Yau Thum More articles by this author Timothy Bracewell-Milnes More articles by this author James Nicopoullos More articles by this author Mohamed Al-Hussini More articles by this author Jonathan Ramsay More articles by this author Suks Minhas More articles by this author Tet Yap More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНО КЛИНИЧЕСКОЕ СОПОСТАВЛЕНИЕ АЛКОГОЛЬ-ИНДУЦИРОВАННЫХ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ ВАСКУЛЯРНО-ЭНДОТЕЛИАЛЬНОГО ФАКТОРА РОСТА

Aim: to comparatively estimate the nature and direction of alcohol-induced changes of vascular endothelial growth factor in the experiment and in the clinic. Materials and methods. The experimental part of the research was performed on 50 outbred mature rats (15 females and 15 males exposed to alcohol intoxication for 30 days, and 10 females and 10 males formed a control group). The average age of males was 38 (37.25–39) weeks, females - 40.5 (40-42.5) weeks. The body weight of females was 340 (329.5–345.5) g, males – 469 (464.5–474.25) g. After fixation, the control group animals were injected with intragastrically sterile 0.9% aqueous sodium chloride solution, the rest of the animals – 40% ethanol daily at the rate of 10 ml / kg, so that the animals reached a mild degree of intoxication. Clinical part of the research included 60 young patients: 30 males and 30 females, mean age was 35,97 (34,00-40,00) in females and 37,5 (34,00-41,00) in males, who were admitted to the narcological hospital for treatment of intoxication with diagnosed alcohol use disorder. The serum concentration of VEGF-A was evaluated in the blood serum of the studied patients and animals. Results. Alcohol intoxication caused an increase of serum concentration of VEGF-A in both animals and patients in comparison with control groups. The changes were unidirectional with no significant gender differences. Conclusion. The analysis of the experimental-clinical comparison of alcohol-induced changes in the serum content of VEGF-A indicates the unidirectional nature of the biological (angiogenic) effect in the form of VEGF-A expression under the action of ethanol. In the clinical interpretation of the physiological or pathological expression of angiogenesis, accompanied by an increase in the serum concentration of VEGF-A, it is necessary to take into account the specifics of the pathological process.

Investigating of knowledge, attitude and performance of the people of Lorestan province regarding the follow of personal and environmental hygiene to prevent of covid-19

Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic has confronted nations with various challenges, including health challenges. Therefore, the present study conducted with the aim of investigating the knowledge, attitude and performance of the people of Lorestan province regarding the follow of personal and environmental hygiene to prevent of Covid-19.&#x0D; Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 337 people of Lorestan province conducted by random sampling method in 2022. The data collection tool was the knowledge, attitude and performance questionnaire designed by the researchers that validity and reliability confirmed. Data analyzed using SPSS19 software and T-Test, ANOVA and Pearson tests.&#x0D; Results: 59.9 of female participants with an average age of 29.20±8.16 years and the average age of males was 32.75±8.81years. The average knowledge, attitude and performance score was1.54±.29, 3.16±.47 and 4.19±.96 prospectively. Pearson's test showed that there was statistically significant relationship between knowledge, attitude and performance.&#x0D; Conclusion: According to the findings of the research, the scores of knowledge, attitude and performance were above the average, therefore, in order to prevent and control the disease of Covid-19, more training is needed to improve knowledge and attitude continuously.

Analysis of the Epidemiological Trends on Inpatient Diverticulosis Admissions in the US: A Longitudinal Analysis From 1997-2018.

Background Diverticulosis of the colon is characterized by outpouchings of mucosa and serosa through the muscular layer of the large intestinal wall. It is classically associated with increasing age with older individuals having a higher prevalence and greater density of diverticula secondary to its progressive disease nature. Also, diverticular disease is associated with dietary habits, low fiber intake in western society as well as obesity. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological trends associated with diverticular disease in the United States in a 21-year interval from 1997 to 2018. Methods Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, all hospitalizations between 1997 and 2018 were analyzed. We examined annual data for hospitalization rate, the average length of stay (LOS), mean age and interval age groups, and hospital charges for inpatient admissions for diverticular disease (diverticulitis and diverticulosis). Results Between 1997 and 2018, the number of hospitalizations for patients with a primary discharge diagnosis of diverticular disease (diverticulosis and diverticulitis) increased 32% from 220,896 to 293,530 with 89.7 discharges per 100,000 persons in 2018 versus 81.0 discharges per 100,000 persons in 1997. Overall, the average age of patients decreased from 67.55 ± 0.15 years in 1997 to 64.59 ±0.08 in 2018, [t-value (t) 12.56, degrees of freedom (df) 514424, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.497-3.423, P<0.0001]. On further evaluation, the mean average age in males decreased from 63.16±0.21 years in 1997 to 61.31±0.12 years in 2018,(t 8.16, df 217981, 95% CI 1.404-2.295 P<0.0001), while in females it decreased from 70.53±0.14 years to 67.15±0.10 years, (t 20.13, df 296422, 95% CI 3.050-3.709 P<0.0001), in the same interval time. While evaluating different subgroups of age in this time interval, the prevalence rate of diverticular disease diagnosis per 100,000 persons increased in the interval age between 18-44 years from 20.1 to 29.8, [relative risk (RR) 0.848, CI95% 0.834-0.863, P< 0.0001) and 45-64 years from 107.1 to 125.3, (RR 0.761, CI 95% 0.754-0.769P<0.0001) while it decreased in the interval age between 65-84 years from 357.6 to 259.7, (RR 1.211, CI 95% 1.206-1.226, P<0.0001) as well as > 85 years from 746.2 to 523.6, (RR 1.130, CI 95% 1.112-1.147, P<0.0001) The length of stay (LOS) mean average in days decreased from 5.8 ± 0.04 days in 1997 to 4.4±0.021 days in 2018, (t 33.08 df 514424, 95%CI 1.316-1.483, P< 0.0001). Hospital Inpatient National Statistics data over hospital mean charges, available from the period between 1997 to 2015, shows that the mean hospital charges in US dollars increased over 100%, from $19,735.17 in 1997 to $39,575 in 2015 (P<0.001) even after adjusting values to 2015 inflation. Conclusion There is an overall trend of decreased mean age of patients admitted with diverticular disease in the US over the past 21 years with a respective significant increased rate of disease in younger age groups. We postulate that these changes may be associated with poor dietary habits and obesity epidemics worsened in the last two decades in the US. In addition, despite the decreased length of stay over the same time period, the mean hospital charges more than double likely reflecting the increased access to expensive diagnostic methods such as computed tomography and colonoscopies.

Promoting Healthy Behaviors in Older Adults to Optimize Health-Promoting Lifestyle: An Intervention Study.

Introduction: Exercise intervention is the easiest and most effective way to promote human health. This study combined technology and exercise to improve the health behavior of the older adults through a physical activity intervention and to enhance a health-promoting lifestyle. Materials and methods: A quasi-experimental research method was used to openly recruit 120 healthy male and female older adults over 65 years old (average age of males: 71.6 ± 1.25 years; average age of females: 72.3 ± 1.28 years), all of whom wore smart bracelets. The participants were monitored by special personnel during the same period of walking every Monday to Friday. All participants recorded their daily steps, distance walked, and calorie consumption data for a period of 8 weeks. Results: After 8 weeks of walking, all participants showed a positive medium−high correlation of various factors between healthy behaviors and the health-promoting lifestyle scales. In the post-tests of each factor of two scales, males had the highest correlation between regular physical activity and physical activity, and females had the highest correlation between regular physical activity and social support. The variabilities in the explanatory power of the health behaviors of males and females on the health-promoting lifestyle were R2 = 70.9% (p < 0.01) and R2 = 74.1% (p < 0.01), indicating that the variables of healthy behaviors have a positive effect on health-promoting lifestyles in male and female older adults. Conclusions: Walking interventions positively affect the health behaviors of older adults and encourage health-promoting lifestyles. The value of this study is in its contribution to health promotion and public health recommendations for older adults.

Современный статус балобана в России и в Казахстане

Современный статус балобана в России и в Казахстане

O-186 Paternal age is significantly related with the type of delivery and the sex of the newborn in IVF or ICSI cycles with donated oocytes

Abstract Study question Does paternal age have any effect on obstetric and perinatal outcomes in in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles with donated oocytes? Summary answer Newborn sex and type of delivery, but not other obstetric and perinatal outcomes measured, were significantly different when comparing our paternal age groups. What is known already Currently there is a delay in fatherhood that has led to an increase of the average male age at which the first child is conceived. Studies relating paternal age with reproductive risks are increasing and results are controversial leading to a need of more research about it, which this study tries to address. Studies considering treatments with donated oocytes (controlled female factor) allow for a better understanding of male factor and reproductive risks. These risks for the mother and offspring need to be properly assessed and therefore it is important to study whether they can be affected by paternal age. Study design, size, duration This retrospective observational multicentric cohort study has considered pregnancies and children conceived from donor IVF-ICSI performed to couples in Spain IVIRMA clinics between January 2008 and March 2020 using patients’ own sperm. Paternal age ranged from 21 to 54 years. The study population was divided in three groups: &amp;lt;30(A, reference), 30-40(B) and &amp;gt;40(C) years. The data available and included consisted of 16382 patients who had a delivery with a live birth and 17988 singleton newborns. Participants/materials, setting, methods We evaluated pregnancies and children from donor IVF-ICSI with own semen, known age and resulting in a delivery. Data were obtained from the patient’s clinical charts to build the database to analyze the main outcomes of the study. P &amp;lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant. We measured several obstetric and perinatal outcomes that were adjusted according to selected patients’, cycles’ and semen samples’ characteristics, as well as donor age, gestational age, type of delivery and newborn sex. Main results and the role of chance The analysis included: 233 newborns for A, 6539 for B and 11216 for C. Results are expressed as rate with 95%CI. There were no statistically significant differences for the incidence of gestational diabetes, anemia, pre-eclampsia or preterm birth; newborn weight, length, cranial circumference, Apgar score (1, 5 and 10 min) and NICU admission between the reference younger group (A) and the older paternal age groups (B and C). However, there were statistically significant differences for the incidence of hypertension between A 18.1%(10.5-28.1) and B 9.8%(8.8-10.9) with OR = 0.5(0.3-0.9)(p = 0.015); for delivery type between A[cesarean 44.0%(37.2-51.0)] and C[cesarean 64.0%(63.1-65.0)] with OR = 2.3(1.7-3.0)(p &amp;lt; 0.001); and for newborn sex between A[female 55.1%(48.2-61.8)] and B[female 48.2%(46.9-49.4)] with OR = 0.8(0.6-1.0)(p = 0.047). Therefore, these results suggest an increased risk of cesarean delivery in the older age group compared to the younger one and of having a male birth in the 30-40 group compared to the younger group. There was also a decreased risk of hypertension in 30-40 group compared to &amp;lt; 30 group, which should be clarified in further studies. After adjusted analysis, there were still significant differences for newborn sex between A and B (p = 0.048) and for delivery type between A and C (p = 0.043), but no significant differences for hypertension were observed. Limitations, reasons for caution Due to the retrospective nature of this study there are some biases derived from the clinical practice. Although there is some missing data limiting sample size, this is still large. Moreover, it considers donated oocytes (controlling female factors) limiting the generalization of our results to a population of young women. Wider implications of the findings Studies focusing on paternal age are increasing due to fatherhood delay, being results controversial. Paternal age comparison showed significant differences for hypertension, delivery type and newborn sex, however adjusted analysis only found an increased risk of cesarean delivery in C vs. A and of male newborn in B vs. A. Trial registration number NA

O-296 Paternal age does not affect obstetric and perinatal outcomes in IVF or ICSI cycles with autologous oocytes

Abstract Study question Does paternal age have any effect on obstetric and perinatal outcomes in in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles with autologous oocytes? Summary answer Gestational diabetes, delivery type, cranial circumference and preterm birth were significantly different between our age groups, although after adjusted analysis no significant differences were seen. What is known already In recent years, there has been an increase of the average male age at which the first child is conceived. Therefore, studies addressing paternal age and reproductive risks are increasing and results are controversial, so there is a need of more research about it, which this study tries to address. Although several studies suggest the threshold to consider paternal age ‘advanced’ at 40 years, this limit is not well established. The assessment of risks concerning the mother and offspring is important and, thus, so is the study of its association with paternal age. Study design, size, duration This retrospective observational multicentric cohort study has considered pregnancies and children conceived from IVF-ICSI performed to couples in Spain IVIRMA clinics between January 2008 and March 2020 using patients’ own sperm and autologous oocytes. Paternal age ranged from 18 to 51 years. The study population was categorized in three groups: &amp;lt;30(A, reference), 30-40(B) and &amp;gt;40(C) years. The data available included 14402 patients who had a delivery with a live birth and 16118 singleton newborns. Participants/materials, setting, methods We evaluated pregnancies and children from autologous IVF-ICSI with own semen, known age and resulting in delivery. Data was exported to obtain the clinical database followed by the statistical analysis of the study main outcomes. P &amp;lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Obstetric and perinatal outcomes were measured including delivery type, incidence of preterm birth, gestational diabetes, anemia, hypertension and pre-eclampsia; and newborn sex, weight, length, cranial circumference, Apgar score and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission. Main results and the role of chance Results are expressed as rate or mean with 95%CI. There were no statistically significant differences for the incidence of anemia, hypertension or pre-eclampsia; newborn sex, weight, length, Apgar score (1, 5 and 10 min) and NICU admission between the reference younger group (A) vs. the older paternal age groups (B and C). However, there were statistically significant differences for the incidence of gestational diabetes when comparing A 5.1%(3.5-7.2) with B 7.7%(7.1-8.3) with OR = 1.5(1.1-2.2)(p = 0.021) and with C 9.1%(7.1-11.4) with OR = 1.9(1.2-2.9)(p = 0.005); for delivery type when comparing A[cesarean 33.8%(31.3-36.4)] with B[cesarean 37.8%(37.0-38.7)] with OR = 1.2(1.1-1.3) (p = 0.004) and with C[cesarean 49.3%(46.7-52.0)] with OR = 1.9(1.6-2.2) (p &amp;lt; 0.001); for cranial circumference when comparing A 34.5(34.3-34.7) with C 34.8(34.6-35.0) with p = 0.03; and for the incidence of preterm birth when comparing A 7.9%(6.6-9.5) with C 5.9%(4.7-7.2) with OR = 0.7(0.5-1.0)(p = 0.034). These results suggest an increased risk of gestational diabetes and cesarean delivery as paternal age increases. Moreover, group C showed a larger cranial perimeter and a lower risk of preterm birth when compared to group A. However, after adjusted analysis (according to selected patients’, cycles’ and semen samples’ characteristics, gestational age, newborn sex and type of delivery) these differences were no longer statistically significant, so probably other clinical variables are involved in the differences seen. Limitations, reasons for caution Despite the retrospective nature of this study that leads to biases derived from the clinical practice and to the presence of missing data limiting sample size, the study includes a huge sample size. Wider implications of the findings Currently, fatherhood delay has led to a growing interest in studies addressing paternal age and reproductive risks. Our paternal age comparison showed significant differences for gestational diabetes, delivery type, cranial circumference and preterm, no longer significant after adjusted analysis, so probably other clinical variables were involved. Further studies are needed. Trial registration number Not applicable

Confirmation of the Applicability of Skeletochronology and Estimating the Age Structure of Kaloula borealis (Microhylidae: Anura) at Lake Sihwa, South Korea.

Simple SummaryAge determination is very important for observing life history traits, evaluating vulnerable life stages, and setting proper management and conservation strategies. Age determination in animals has always been tricky. Among other approaches, skeletochronology, an age determination method that involves counting the lines of arrested growth (LAGs) produced during inactive periods, similar to plant year rings, is well-practiced in many animal groups. However, the applicability of this method remains questioned for many species, including amphibians, because of concerns around the scarcity of information on confirmed numbers of annual LAGs (e.g., once or twice in a year), chances of the disappearance of LAGs over time, and which lines exactly to count. Herein, we tested its applicability to Kaloula borealis, a class II endangered amphibian in South Korea, by rearing juveniles in the laboratory for more than one year and comparing the results with the wild population at Lake Sihwa. This study confirmed the formation of one LAG each year and no disappearance of LAGs over time in this species. Furthermore, we were also able to determine the age structure of this wild population accurately. Hence, our study validates using skeletochronology in this species and recommends it for others that show similar growth patterns.Despite having some limitations, the use of skeletochronology—age determination by counting lines of arrested growth (LAGs)—in amphibians is increasing. The main limitation of using skeletochronology is identifying the innermost visible line (IVL) and counting the exact number of LAGs. Thus, we tested its applicability to Kaloula borealis, a class II endangered amphibian in South Korea. We reared juveniles in the lab to investigate the process of bone formation. This confirmed the development of one LAG each year. Hence, our study validates skeletochronology for the age determination of this species and recommends it for others that show similar growth patterns. Furthermore, the comparison of threshold diameters with the IVL of wild individuals confirmed no LAG1 resorption. The average age of males and females in this population was 2.75 ± 1.05 and 3.64 ± 3 years, respectively. We estimated sexual maturity at 2 years with rapid growth up to that stage in both sexes. We found a female-dominated sexual size dimorphism. This study offers accurate information on the life history traits and age structure of K. borealis that may help to evaluate population dynamics in other areas, identify vulnerable life stages and sites, assess the causes of population decline, and set conservation priorities.

КЛИНИКО-МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА РАКА ПОДЖЕЛУДОЧНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ ПО ДАННЫМ АУТОПСИЙ

Background. Over the past decades, the incidence of pancreatic cancer (PCa) has been on the rise. It is characterized by a long latent course, non-specificity of clinical symptoms, a tendency to early metastasis, and limited possibilities for biopsy. The survival rate of patients with pancreatic cancer within a year after its diagnosis is no more than 8%. Objective. To study the clinical and morphological features of pancreatic cancer and to assess the state of life-time diagnosis according to autopsy findings. Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of 58 autopsy protocols of patients died due to pancreatic cancer was carried out. The protocols of autopsies as well as micropreparations of the pancreas and other various organs taken during autopsy for histopathological examination were studied. Results. Among those who died due to pancreatic cancer there were 58.6% of men and 41.4% of women. The average age of males was 68.9 years, that of females - 67.0 years. The discrepancy between the pathoanatomical and clinical diagnoses was noted in 7.7% of cases. Chronic pancreatitis as a background disease occurred in 6.9% of cases of pancreatic cancer. A nodular form of cancer growth was detected in 87.9%, a diffuse-infiltrative one - in 12.1% of cases. In 81.0% of cases, the tumor was localized in one of the pancreatic sections, in 19.0% - in several ones. Cancer of the pancreatic head occurred in 72.4% of cases; in 5.2% of cases the tumor was localized only in the tail, in 3.4% - only in the body of the gland. The body and tail of the pancreas were involved in the tumor process in 10.3%, while the head and body in 5.2% of cases. In 3.5% of cases, the tumor completely infiltrated the pancreas. Conclusions. Radical surgical interventions were performed only in 20.7% of cases. They were performed in 28.6% of cases in patients with pancreatic head tumours. In case of tumour location in the distal parts of the pancreas, such interventions were impossible due to the presence of multiple metastases. In 7.7% of cases, the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer was established only at autopsy.