Access To Housing Research Articles

Swallowing and Oral-Sensorimotor Characteristics ina Sample of Young Hospitalised Children With SevereAcute Malnutrition.

To describe swallowing and oral-sensorimotor characteristics in a sample of young hospitalised children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM). The Schedule of Oral-motor Assessment was used to compare oral-sensorimotor skills of 45 hospitalised patientswith SAM (M = 15.98 months; SD = 8.03), to pairwise-matched controls (M = 15.96 months; SD = 8.08). Participants were matched for age, gender, TB, HIV-status, socio-economic status including maternal education, paternal employment, housing and transport access. Caregivers reported demographic information, feeding practices and behaviours during feeding. In comparison to controls (n = 6; 13.3%), participants with SAM (n = 25; 55.6%) presented with significantly more oral-sensorimotor difficulties (p < 0.001), across all consistencies except liquids from the trainer cup and bottle. Difficulties included jaw opening and stabilisation, tongue and lip control for chewing, bolus formation and transport, sustained bite and uncoordinated swallowing. Delayed sitting development significantly correlated with uncoordinated swallowing and head extension on puree and cup drinking, and multiple swallows on puree and semi-solids. Force-feeding and slow swallow initiation in semi-solids significantly correlated. Disruptive feeding behaviours and higher levels of food refusal at the beginning of meals were reported. Clinical signs of aspiration were identified. Oral-sensorimotor dysfunction and possible aspiration were observed in 55.6% of participants with SAM. Safe swallowing function for overall health and nutritional recovery is emphasised. Under-identification of oral-sensorimotor difficulties, lack of referral to speech-language therapists and disruption to continuity of care warrants further research.

Urban formalities versus informalities: Case study of Katwe informal settlements, Kampala Uganda

Formal settlements refer to those settlements that comply with legal and regulatory frameworks, while informal settlements, commonly known as slums, arise without official sanction and often lack basic services and infrastructure. Informal settlements are an inherent reality that are integral parts of the urban centers in most developing nations such as the capital city of Uganda, Kampala. Currently, the city is experiencing numerous urban challenges such as inadequate housing, overcrowding, crime, and limited access to basic social services. These challenges have adverse social, economic and environmental impacts. Formal settlements typically provide basic services in proclaimed townships. By integrating formal standards into informal contexts, regeneration can conceptualize meeting formal necessities such as decent housing. This research explores the intersection of formality and informality within the urban center of Kampala, specifically in Katwe district. The research aims to explore regeneration actions in Katwe, aiming to enhance quality of living. This goal will be pursued through strategic approaches that enhances social equality and identifying social generators of activities for improved quality of life; Defining components of housing typologies for enhanced individual quality of life through self-built sustainable constructions; Establishing a unifying design focal point in the neighborhood to cultivate identity. The adopted research methodology for this exploration was developed based on a mixed-method research approach, employing procedures such as document analysis and observational study to gather necessary information from Katwe informal settlement in Kampala.

Who buys public transport accessible housing? Residential sorting in the Oslo region

Who buys public transport accessible housing? Residential sorting in the Oslo region

Systemic inequities and sources of resilience: challenges faced by Indigenous women living with HIV during COVID-19 in the Canadian prairies

ABSTRACT This study explored the challenges faced by, and resilience of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit women living with HIV in Manitoba and Saskatchewan during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through a decolonizing, community-based research approach, guided by a Community Guiding Circle (CGC), interviews were conducted with 45 Indigenous women living with HIV. Participants were recruited via community outreach, peer networks, and social media. Data collection and analysis utilized Indigenous storywork and inductive thematic analysis. The study revealed significant barriers related to housing instability, childcare, and access to healthcare, all exacerbated by systemic inequities rooted in colonialism, patriarchy, and capitalism. Despite these challenges, Indigenous cultural practices, ceremonies, community support, and family ties emerged as crucial sources of resilience, though often disrupted during the pandemic. The findings underscore the urgent need for culturally safe, women-centered care models that integrate Indigenous knowledge and practices. For health and social care practitioners, this research emphasizes the importance of advocating for systemic change to address the unique needs of Indigenous women living with HIV and calls for the development and implementation of culturally safe health and social care tailored to their unique needs and resilience.

The Law of Housing Inequality

Differences in the quality, size and location of people’s homes are often linked to differences in individuals’ economic preconditions. This is known as housing inequality. It is reasonable to assume that the link between housing accessibility and individual income becomes stronger the more the provision of housing is based on free market forces. Yet, this article argues that it’s a mistake to describe these market forces as free. They are a result of a legal institutional framework that set the market forces in motion. Furthermore, market forces are not only a result of law; they also affect law. Thus, legal and material processes affect each other. The article presents a model for analyzing how legal and material processes contribute to housing inequality. The collection of regulations that enable, enhance, or counteract these forces is what I call the law of housing inequality.

Chronic disease prevalence and preventive care among Ontario social housing residents compared with the general population: a population-based cohort study

BackgroundOlder adults living in social housing report poor health and access to healthcare services. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of chronic diseases, influenza vaccination and cancer screenings among...

Exploring the nexus of migration dynamics and urban expansion: key drivers of horizontal spatial growth in Woldia Township, Ethiopia

Ethiopia remains one of the least urbanized countries globally, although many of its urban centers, including Woldia, the capital of the North Wollo Zone, are undergoing rapid growth. Woldia has recently faced significant urban challenges due to its expanding horizontal growth. One of the major issues associated with this growth is the increasing demand for land and space, driven by population pressure, largely attributed to migration. This migration has led to the annexation of agricultural land at the rural periphery, further contributing to the town’s horizontal expansion. This study aims to explore the key drivers behind the horizontal growth of Woldia, particularly in its peripheral areas. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to a randomly selected sample of 395 respondents, complemented by key informant interviews and secondary data sources. Both qualitative and quantitative analytical methods were employed. The findings indicate that poor social services and poverty in migrants’ areas of origin are the primary push factors. Conversely, improved social infrastructure and job opportunities at the destination are the main pull factors. Consequently, the influx of migrants has resulted in significant pressure on peri-urban areas, where housing availability and accessibility remain limited. The study recommends that local government officials and urban planners enhance their understanding of migration dynamics to effectively manage the town’s spatial expansion and address the challenges of accommodating a growing population.

Algorithmic tenancies and the ordinal tenant: digital risk-profiling in England’s private rented sector

This paper examines digital tenant risk-profiling tools in England’s Private Rented Sector (PRS) and their influence on housing access and fairness. Based on qualitative data from 50 interviews and a survey of PRS landlords drawn from a larger project, the study analyses adoption patterns, algorithmic biases and the implications for tenant rights. Issues such as data privacy, discrimination, and exclusionary practices affecting marginalised groups are highlighted. The research underscores how digital platforms reshape landlord-tenant relationships and broader housing market dynamics in the light of recent, broader, theorisations of what sociologists Marian Fourcade and Kieran Healy have conceptualised as an emerging ordinal society. In this article, we argue that the logic of such metrics and data-informed algorithmic systems has led to the emergence of an ordinal tenant.

Housing construction in Russia during the 100-year period: Dynamics, results and socio-economic problems

The article considers the dynamics of housing construction in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR — a constituent republic of the Soviet Union) and the Russian Federation from the year of 1918 to 2023. For our analysis, we make use of such indicators as housing completions overall and in urban and rural areas, by source of financing, by segment (apartment buildings and individual houses); the data on the size of the housing stock and its structure depending on the form of ownership; housing availability to the population; quantity, structure and floor space of housing units built as well as number of people who improved their housing conditions. On the basis of the data on housing completions in various segments and changes in the legislation, we identify seven stages in the evolution of housing construction in the RSFSR and the Russian Federation during the century considered as well as characterize each of the stages. The article presents for the first time estimates of the area of total and rural socialized housing stock and the housing stock of the RSFSR that was in the personal ownership of citizens for the years of 1926, 1939, 1949 and for the period from 1958 to 1979. We also pinpoint major current socioeconomic problems in housing construction and suggest measures to resolve them with the aim of raising housing availability and affordability for the population of the Russian Federation.

Estimating Accessibility Problems in the Swedish Housing Stock Using Citizen Science: The Housing Experiment 2021.

Accessible housing for the aging population is important, but large-scale reliable information on accessibility problems in ordinary housing is lacking. This study aimed to describe the prevalence of environmental barriers and analyze potential accessibility problems in the Swedish housing stock and to evaluate the validity and representativeness of housing data collected in a citizen science project. Data on environmental barriers in 1181 dwellings were collected by members of the public. Prevalence of barriers and potential accessibility problems were analyzed using descriptive statistics and ranking methodology. Validity and representativeness were addressed by comparisons with public statistics and research, and analysis of data properties. It was found there are substantial numbers of environmental barriers in dwellings across Sweden that generate accessibility problems for people with functional limitations. The results suggest that with user-friendly data collection tools and instructions, data validity and representativeness can be achieved in citizen science projects involving older adults.

Affordable housing solutions: real estate strategies for addressing urban population growth

Introduction: As the population count in cities increases, the need for affordable and efficient housing systems becomes even more pressing, especially for the poor and middle-income earners. Housing affordability challenges are an important area to which real estate strategies contribute, and this includes funding schemes, resource-efficient construction methods, and a repurposing of structures for different functions. These strategies work towards achieving the goal of closing the deficit of housing availability in the market as well as meeting the necessary criteria for sustainability and habitability of cities of the future. Materials and Methods: The research methodology employed a comprehensive literature review, analysing peer-reviewed articles, industry reports, and case studies from diverse urban contexts. The data collection was majorly centered on successful affordable housing projects, policies, and approaches used in various city settings. Both quantitative and qualitative assessments were used in the studies for comparative analysis of different strategies and solutions with respect to their efficiency and applicability with regard to cost-saving, mass implementation, and social aspects. Finally, a focus on the world of urban planning and real estate with interviews with professionals in these fields as well as policymakers gave an understanding of possible actual difficulties and opportunities of realizing affordable housing strategies. Results: The study revealed several key findings regarding effective real estate strategies for affordable housing. Financing models that were discussed in this paper include public-private partnerships and community land trusts showed promising results regarding the possibility of decreasing housing prices and making housing more accessible. Techno-friendly mechanisms such as modular construction accompanied by the use of lightweight building materials were perceived to be helpful in increasing the rate of construction of houses while reducing the effects of the construction activities on the physical environment. Adaptive reuse mortels demonstrated that movement’s ability to re purpose inactive urban areas as viable affordable housing opportunities satisfied both the demand for housing and site redevelopment. In addition, policy interventions like inclusionary zoning and density bonus were useful in enhancing the private sector’s engagement in affordable housing. Discussion: The research findings highlight the multifaceted nature of affordable housing solutions and the importance of context-specific strategies. Some strategies like public-private partnerships, could be adopted in any city regardless of the type, however the decision on their application depended on the local socio-economic situation and legislation. Effective implementation of sustainable construction depended on appropriate skills by human resources and favourable policies. Architects and developers of adaptive reuse projects encountered issues with code conformity and reception among the population. These findings suggest that the solution to affordable housing must employ the right mix of innovative real estate solutions, supportive public policies, and active community participation. Conclusion: Real estate strategies offer promising avenues for addressing the affordable housing crisis in rapidly growing urban areas. Innovative financing strategies; efficient construction practices; as well as adaptive reuse strategies provide an opportunity for extending the amount of affordable housing in cities alongside sustainable development. However, the accomplishment of these strategies entails cooperation from public, private, and the community sectors

Социально-экономическое развитие ресурсных регионов Крайнего Северо-Востока России: демографический и инфраструктурный потенциал (на примере Магаданской области)

The relevance of the study is related to the currently unresolved issues of providing the population in the regions of Russia's Far North-East with the household infrastructure. The work assesses the demographic potential of Magadan Oblast analyzes the housing availability for its population. Neither quantitatively nor qualitatively can the regional domestic infrastructure presently form a high standard of living, which is vital to ensure the inflow of highly qualified labour resources to the Far North. The formation of the up-to-date living environment in such regions as Magadan Oblast should take into account both the specifics of the northern resource economy and the present-day demographic and spatial transformations.

Dynamics of Russians’ perception of the situation in various spheres of life: from assessments to requests for social policy

The article analyzes the dynamics and specifics of Russians’ assessments of the ongoing changes in various spheres of life. Based on the data of studies conducted by the Institute of Sociology of FCTAS RAS in different years, it is shown that the most significant improvements have occurred over the past almost two decades in terms of the level and quality of life of the population, as well as education and health care. In particular, the share of positive perception of the situation with unemployment and expansion of opportunities for earning, with the availability of housing and pre-school institutions is growing. “Cautious” positivity is noted with regard to the situation with social justice, living standards, as well as secondary and higher education. However, the dominance of positive assessments is not recorded in any of the spheres. This signals the persistence of separate problems in them, relevant for different groups of the population. Assessments of the situation in the spheres related to collective security deserve special attention, in respect of which a sharp increase in negative assessments is recorded. The groups with relatively homogeneous views on the dynamics of the situation in different spheres of life in society were considered. Among them, Russians with pessimistic and moderately optimistic views of the ongoing changes are approximately equal in number. It has been noted that the key differences between these groups, and, accordingly, their requests for changes in certain spheres, are formed under the influence of factors mainly of a subjective nature. They are related to the perception of their own well-being, the number and nature of problems experienced in the last year, as well as some “we-identities”. In particular, it is shown that the request for qualitative changes for pessimists is formed largely spontaneously and under the effect of the cumulative negative impact of many factors on their lives. Requests for further improvements in key areas of life are more differentiated among moderate optimists and “stability-oriented” part of society.

Establishment of a Low-Cost Reinforced Concrete Prefabricated Family Housing Construction System

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of an affordable and rapidly deployable prefabricated housing system adapted to urban contexts and emergency scenarios. The aim is to design an integrated system for the production, construction, and assembly of prefabricated reinforced concrete housing, offering accessible, efficient, and flexible housing solutions. Theoretical Framework: The research is grounded in key concepts and theories such as prefabrication in construction, modularity, environmental sustainability, housing resilience, advanced concrete technology, and project management on-site, providing a solid basis for understanding its context. Methodology: The study employs a comparative method, analyzing six representative housing units with built areas of 25.83 m², 33.39 m², 39.06 m², 42.21 m², 52.29 m², and 59.85 m². Data collection occurred in three stages: (1) search and review of experiences, (2) design and development of basic housing models, production, and assembly, (3) results analysis to evaluate technical and economic feasibility. Results and Discussion: The results confirm the feasibility of designing six models of basic family housing that comply with Peruvian standards and are accessible to low-income families. A production process for prefabricated elements is proposed, adaptable to any location and operable with minimal equipment. Among the evaluated models, VUF 04 stands out for its lowest cost, estimated at $311.43 USD per square meter of built area. Research Implications: The implications of this research are broad and significant, highlighting its potential to transform the design, production, and assembly of housing in urban and emergency contexts. By addressing multiple aspects, this study establishes a solid foundation for the implementation of sustainable, accessible, and efficient housing solutions. Originality/Value: The originality of this study lies in its decentralized and simplified production approach, carried out on-site with minimal equipment. Its value resides in democratizing access to affordable, efficient, and sustainable housing, providing an alternative model to centralized systems and laying the groundwork for future research on accessible and resilient construction.

МЕТОДИКА ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ РЕЙТИНГОВОЙ ОЦЕНКИ ГОРОДОВ ДЛЯ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ ЦЕЛЕСООБРАЗНОСТИ РАЗМЕЩЕНИЯ ЦЕНТРОВ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПЕРЕВОЗКАМИ ПОЛИГОННОГО УРОВНЯ

The transition to end-to-end management principles in the creation of polygon technologies entails the creation of polygon-level transportation control centers, which raises the question of determining the feasibility of their location in a particular city. The article proposes a methodology for conducting a rating assessment of cities to determine the feasibility of placing polygon-level transportation control centers in them. In accordance with the methodology, an assessment was made based on the following key indicators: the volume of total freight traffic on oads, qualitative indicators of road performance (performance analysis), functional specialization of dispatch centers for transportation management, level of education, level of material well-being, housing availability, quality of life, production resources, and labor resources. The significant factors were analyzed, calculated according to the proposed methodology and results were obtained based on production, social and operational factors. The complex calculation was carried out for cities in which dispatch transportation control centers are already located; an example of modeling is shown for the Eastern Polygon. The methodology and results of the study can be used to determine the feasibility of placing polygon-level transportation control centers on other polygons of the railway network.

No way out? The hurdles of exiting public rental housing in Kuala Lumpur

Purpose This study aims to identify the significant exit barriers encountered by tenants in public rental housing and analyze the moderating effects of sociodemographic factors on tenants’ decisions to leave public rental housing. Design/methodology/approach This study applied a quantitative methodology. Questionnaire survey was used as its main instrument for data collection. Responses were gathered from 328 tenants in the Program Perumahan Rakyat (PPR) through stratified random sampling. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling partial least square (SEM-PLS). Findings The findings reveal that housing availability and the exit programs by DBKL are the most significant factors influencing exit barriers. Tenant income also impacts their decision to remain, as available housing often does not match their income levels. Policymakers and relevant agencies should collaborate to help tenants increase their income, facilitating their transition out of public rental housing. Research limitations/implications This study is limited to the factors influencing the tenant from exiting PRH. Furthermore, the study specifically targeted those who rent public housing under DBKL administration may neglect the perspectives of other stakeholders, such as DBKL management, property owners and policymakers. Therefore, the findings are insufficient in representing tenants other than those under the DBKL’s administration. While the causes may be similar, the opinions and consequences would vary among other tenants depending on their socio-demographic profiles. Practical implications This research offers a more comprehensive understanding of the exit barriers tenants’ encounter in PRH. The results gained from this study will assist policymakers in developing a more comprehensive initiative that will assist tenants in exiting PRH. DBKL can effectively engage PRH tenants to provide a strategic departure mechanism for better solutions. Furthermore, DBKL can offer aid in locating cheap housing options for tenants who may have limited access to information on the availability of such homes. Social implications This discovery will also be advantageous for prospective tenants who have been on the waiting list for several years, eagerly awaiting the vacancy of units previously occupied by other tenants. Furthermore, residents who successfully vacate public rental housing (PRH) will need to be considered for incentives to promote the success of the housing pathway. This will lead to the attainment of the equitable allocation that has been identified as the primary concern of PRH. Originality/value This study seeks to clarify the exit barriers encountered by tenants in PRH and identifies the significant factors contributing to the low turnover rate of tenants. The study is relevant for DBKL and policymakers in promoting the success of housing pathways to ensure fairness and efficiency in the principles of public housing.

Gender Disparity and Housing Development: Examining Socioeconomic Barriers and Policy Solutions in Nigeria

Gender disparity (GD) significantly impacts housing development, especially in developing countries like Nigeria, where socioeconomic and cultural barriers constrain equitable housing access. This study investigates the features and effects of GD on housing development in Iwo Central Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria. Using a mixed-method approach, data were collected from 328 respondents through questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including indices and ANOVA. Key findings highlight societal mindsets as the most influential feature of GD, followed by lack of bodily autonomy and employment equality, with respective relative significance indices (RSIs) of 4.23, 4.06, and 4.00. Denied access to housing and homelessness emerged as the most critical effects of GD, with effects indices (EGDIs) of 4.36 and 4.31. Regression analysis revealed a significant relationship between GD characteristics and housing development (F = 99.964, p = 0.04), emphasizing the pervasive impact of GD on housing equity. The study concludes that GD restricts women's access to adequate housing, perpetuating socioeconomic inequalities. Recommendations include promoting gender-responsive housing policies, enhancing women's access to affordable housing finance, and integrating gender equity into urban planning and housing design. Addressing GD is crucial for fostering inclusive, equitable, and sustainable housing development in Nigeria.

Пределы действия и объем исполнительского иммунитета как института гарантированности конституционного права гражданина на жилище при введении процедур, применяемых в деле о банкротстве физических лиц

The institution of personal bankruptcy is intended to become a mechanism for finding a certain compromise between the debtor and his creditors, given that the bona fide bankruptcy presupposes that he has a desire to fulfill his obligations which he cannot realize, since he is experiencing difficulties due to the temporary financial crisis due to objective reasons. Within the framework of this article, some aspects that characterize the development of the practical application by courts reviewing bankruptcy cases, enforcement immunity as an institution of guaranteeing the constitutional right of a citizen to housing are considered. The author concludes that, at present, arbitration courts reviewing bankruptcy cases of individuals have developed sustainable legal approaches to resolving the issue of the scope of “enforcement immunity for housing”, which do not mean restrictions on such a constitutional guarantee, but fully fall within the understanding of the level of housing availability to a citizen, taking into account the need to maintain a balance of interests of persons involved in the bankruptcy process of the debtor.

SATISFACTION WITH THE URBAN AND NATURAL ENVIRONMENT OF CHELYABINSK: RESULTS OF QUALITATIVE-QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS

The study of satisfaction with urban environments utilizes a variety of methodologies, from singleitem questions to comprehensive lists that assess different aspects of living conditions. The aim of this quantitative and qualitative research is to determine which characteristics of the urban environment reliably reflect the satisfaction with a settlement and how socio-demographic indicators are associated with these assessments. The results of con-firmatory factor analysis on a sample from Chelyabinsk (N=313) (χ²/df = 3.26 (137/42), p &lt; 0.001; TLI = 0.93, CFI = 0.947; RMSEA = 0.085 (90 % CI from 0.069 to 0.1), SRMR = 0.055) confirmed the existence of two latent variables: satisfaction with the urban environment (α = 0.87, M = 5.5, SD = 1.8) and satisfaction with the natural environment or ecological conditions (α = 0.86, M = 3.1, SD = 2.2). An increase in age and education level is associated with greater dissatisfaction with the ecological conditions, while longer residence leads to a more negative assessment of both the natural and urban environments. Conversely, those with higher incomes are more satisfied with the urban environment and its individual characteristics. The respondents were found to be only slightly satisfied or dissat-isfied with the city overall and its specific characteristics: education level, safety, infrastructure, availability and variety of recreational spaces, career opportunities, food prices, housing accessibility, and quality of healthcare. At the same time, we found a manifested dissatisfaction with the state of the natural environment (ecology, water, and air quality). According to the qualitative analysis, the most problematic issues in the region are «Ecology» (n = 236, 81.7 %) and «Transport Infrastructure» (n = 96, 33.2 %). These are followed by the categories «City Infrastructure» (n = 70, 24.2 %) and public services «Education and Medicine» (n = 30, 10.4 %). The possibilities of applying these results to future studies of urban satisfaction are discussed.

Pasture access and social housing influence the behaviour of dairy calves.

This Research Communication set out to (1) evaluate the behaviour and performance of dairy calves raised on pasture individually or in groups, and (2) evaluate the influence of physical enrichment on the behaviour and performance of dairy calves raised in groups on pasture. Although there was no difference in grazing behaviour when housed in groups, calves spent longer eating concentrate, ruminating and drinking water. Additionaly, calves housed individually spend part of their time trying to get close to a neighbouring calf. When available, the brush was the physical enrichment item most used by calves followed by straw-man and ball. Pasture access may allow calves to exhibit their highly motivated natural behaviours such as grazing and rumination. Furthermore, social housing provides dairy calves an opportunity for social bonding. Thus, social housing with free access to pasture areas could be an alternative in tropical regions to the typical individual rearing system used in intensive dairy farming.