Auxiliary Module Research Articles

Background measurement with constant detector geometry in positronium three quanta annihilation experiments

In experiments on positronium annihilation in three photons, the background rate of triple-coincident events is usually measured by performing a separate counting run, in which one of the detectors is moved out of the three quanta annihilation plane. A thorough analysis shows that this approach can entail systematic errors and we suggest an alternative procedure. By employing a few auxiliary coincidence modules, the new approach avoids the necessity of a further dedicated counting run with modified detector geometry. Experimental results confirm the viability and accuracy of the method.

Cytochrome c oxidase as a proton-pumping peroxidase: reaction cycle and electrogenic mechanism.

Cytochrome oxidase (COX) is considered to integrate in a single enzyme two consecutive mechanistically different redox activities--oxidase and peroxidase--that can be catalyzed elsewhere by separate hemoproteins. From the viewpoint of energy transduction, the enzyme is essentially a proton pumping peroxidase with a built-in auxiliary eu-oxidase module that activates oxygen and prepares in situ H2O2, a thermodynamically efficient but potentially hazardous electron acceptor for the proton pumping peroxidase. The eu-oxidase and peroxidase phases of the catalytic cycle may be performed by different structural states of COX. Resolution of the proton pumping peroxidase activity of COX and identification of individual charge translocation steps inherent in this reaction are discussed, as well as the specific role of the two input proton channels in proton translocation.

Control and diagnosis of water chemistry in the water-steam and water make-up in a fossil fuelled power plant

This paper presents the expert system SEQA (the Spanish initials for Water Chemistry Expert System) for the control and diagnostic of the chemical properties of the water-steam and water make-up treatment systems in a fossil power plant. The purpose of the system is to monitor the parameters that control the water chemical properties in a power plant, in order to forecast anomalies and, if they occur, to diagnose the problem that causes them. In this case, the expert system will recommend suitable actions to prevent these anomalies or at least to mitigate their effect, if possible. The auxiliary modules that provide the necessary information to reach this objective are also described.

Integrating mathematical CAD and artificial simulation of plastic rotation in heat-straightening processes

Efficient planning and execution of heat-straightening operations on damaged structural steel members require the accurate estimation of the number of heat applications to effect a given repair (N). The random nature of the plastic rotation resulting from the application of a vee heat suggests a probabilistic approach to the required prediction; however, the physical collection of data from multiple tests corresponding to a subject specimen is not feasible. A computer integration between interactive mathematical computer-aided design (CAD), a simulator, and other auxiliary modules allows us to use the results of spectral analysis in the frequency domain to generate artificial samples of the plastic rotation stochastic process. Thus, a histogram for N is constructed, and the objective prediction is accomplished with any desired degree of confidence. The mathematical model is discussed and exemplified in the context of plates, the fundamental component of profiles in heavy steel construction.

A personal computer based graphic workstation

The structure and main principles of the personal computer based graphic workstation are proposed. The application of special auxiliary modules for fast picture generation and refresh storage allows one to decrease a user response time and thus to obtain a system with better interactive possibilities. The function interface of the workstation has been choosen in accordance with the CGI proposal.

Multipurpose cold injector for high resolution gas chromatography

AbstractThe multipurpose cold injector described in this paper represents a solution for an universal sampling system for high resolution gas chromatography. The system is modular and is built around the Carlo Erba cold on‐column injector provided with secondary cooling. An auxiliary module, easily fixable on the bottom of the on‐column injector, creates a temperature programmable vaporizing chamber making the system also suitable for cold split‐splitless injections or solvent venting prior to the sample transfer into the capillary. The system can be operated manually or in a fully automatic mode using the auto‐sampler for cold on‐column injections. The experimental data illustrate its benefits and limitations.

Module de decision logique programme

Abstract A decision unit has been built to simplify the electronic logic set-up in multi-detector experiments. This unit, designed with fast memories used as decision making tables, replaces conventional logic modules. Nine inputs are provided for receiving the fast detector signals (charged particles, gammas, neutrons, etc.). Fifteen independent outputs allow the identification of the chosen events among the 2 9 possible events. A CAMAC interface between the unit and the computer, or a manual control auxiliary module, is used to load, in the memory, the pattern of the chosen events.

A depolarized light intensity apparatus for use with differential thermal analysis

The technique of depolarized light intensity (DLI) measurement yields useful information on polymer melting points, crystallinity, and rate of crystallization. Most of the DLI instruments described to date have been separate, complete units. This paper describes an apparatus to function as an auxiliary module with a differential thermal analyzer. Thus, the differential thermal analyzer provides the necessary temperature programmer, amplifier, and temperature and signal recorder. The necessary auxiliary equipment to obtain DLI measurements is relatively simple and convenient to operate.

A Modular Electronic System for Magnetostrictive Spark Chambers

A flexible electronic system is described where each module performs a single function. The system has been designed around a digital data buss which allows read-out by typewriter, magnetic tape, computer or combinations of these. Besides those associated directly with magnetostrictive spark chambers the system includes auxiliary modules such as scalers, pulse height to digital converters, event registers, and fixed data input so that all aspects of a particular event can be recorded. Sub modular techniques and integrated circuits reduce the required number of printed circuit boards and facilitate fabrication of special modules. Several operating systems are described.