Autonomous Management Research Articles

‘A City’s Paradise’: preserving the remainder of Box Hill, voluntary social action and Country Life, 1919–1936

ABSTRACT Land was first purchased at Box Hill, Surrey, on the North Downs, to save a famous viewpoint in 1914. Safeguarding the remainder of Box Hill from development necessitated public appeals in 1919, 1923, 1926 and 1935. Led by the largely autonomous Box Hill Management Committee, and often supported by Country Life, voluntary social action in Surrey and London was mobilised to preserve adjoining land for the National Trust by accretion, intent on avoiding spoliation by villas on winding drives, extensive tree felling, streets of bungalows, and highway construction. Sub-national piecemeal protection and voluntary vigilance sustained delight in the country by subscribers who affirmed their familiarity with Box Hill, where views, trees and sequestered spaces on low and high ground offered quiet enjoyment amid common nature. Using sources which originated in the hill’s management, complemented by Country Life and newspaper reports, the article evaluates the interrelationship of locality and nation during the subscription appeals, with reference to private acts of informal benevolence and personal sense-impressions of Box Hill. The importance of providing respite from congested districts, on unembellished former wooded pasture in its natural state, is explored before sufficient national political consensus arose for the statutory protection of open country. In 1944 the Greater London Plan demanded that remaining unspoiled chalk country should be taken into public possession.

A Review on Optimal Energy Management of Multimicrogrid System Considering Uncertainties

Microgrid (MG) is one of the most effective solution to integrate distributed renewable energy into power system. However, modern MG has several technical challenges such as migration to multi vector energy system, increasing renewable energy penetration, and the uncertainties that arise from the large-scale incorporation of renewable energy. Recent development of multi-microgrid (MMG) could potentially mitigate these challenges. MMG has obvious advantages in improving the system stability, reliability, economy, and energy efficiency of power grid operation through autonomous management and coordinated control among networked MGs. In the meantime, uncertainties from many elements and operators in the MMG system also pose huge challenges in modeling. This paper will present and review typical architecture of MMG, including physical layer, information layer and application layer. Moreover, this paper will critically review and analyze challenges in uncertainty modelling and solution in MMGs. Finally, the paper will also discuss future research areas and development trends of MMG.

Industry-Academia Research toward Future Network Intelligence: The NG-CDI Prosperity Partnership

Ever since the first automation provided by the introduction of the Strowger telephone exchange in the late 19th century, networks have been increasingly automated. Fast forward to 2022, and the challenge facing network providers is scaling up this level of automation considering massive increases in complexity, new levels of agility to operate services, and rising demand from customers within the modern telecommunications ecosystem. This article describes a significant new industry-academia partnership to address these challenges: Next Generation Converged Digital Infrastructure (NG-CDI) is creating a vision for the building and operation of a future-proof network infrastructure and its autonomic management. In this article, we highlight three exemplar activities within the NG-CDI research program that illustrate the benefits of taking a highly collaborative interdisciplinary approach and show how academia and industry working closely together have delivered a range of direct and positive impacts on business.

Promoting Choice Using Switches in People With Severe Disabilities: A Case Report

People with severe intellectual disabilities have a remarkably high risk of spending most of their lifetime without the possibility of engaging their surroundings. This study aimed to verify if it is possible to teach operant and choice behaviours for autonomus managment of leisure activity throught switches to people with severe intellectual disabilities. A two-switches training program was implemented following three subsequent steps: (1) switch pressure learning; (2) choice behavior learning (Level 1: choices between preferred and non-preferred stimuli; Level 2: choices between preferred and neutral stimuli); (3) subjective satisfaction. A single subject (N=1) multiple probe design, using intermittent probe sessions across behaviors, demonstrated experimental control. Results confirm the effectiveness of training in promoting both repertoires of switch pressure and choice behavior. The response rate and accuracy were statistically significant ( r range: .83–.99). The study shed light on the possibility of autonomous activity management through switches for persons with severe intellectual disabilities.

The Comparison of Different Acupuncture Dose on Autonomic Nervous Activity and Symptom Management in Dysmenorrhea A Randomized Clinical Trial

The Comparison of Different Acupuncture Dose on Autonomic Nervous Activity and Symptom Management in Dysmenorrhea A Randomized Clinical Trial

An autonomic management system for IoT platforms based on data analysis tasks

In this work, we propose an autonomic management system (AMS) for the internet of things (IoT) platforms, which uses the concept of autonomic cycle of data analysis tasks to improve and maintain the performance in the IoT platforms. The concept of 'autonomic cycle of data analysis tasks' is a type of autonomous intelligent supervision that allows reaching strategic objectives around a given problem. In this paper, we propose the conceptualisation of the architecture of an AMS composed by an autonomic cycle to optimise the quality of services (QoS), and to improve the quality of experiences (QoE), in IoT platforms. The autonomous cycle detects and discovers the current operational state in the IoT platform and determines the set of tasks to guarantee a given performance (QoS/QoE). This paper presents the details of the architecture of the AMS (components, knowledge models, etc.), and its utilisation in two case studies: in a typical application in an IoT context, and in a tactile internet system.

Edge-Based Autonomous Management of Vertical Farms

Edge-Based Autonomous Management of Vertical Farms

An Autonomic Management System for IoT Platforms based on Data Analysis Tasks

An Autonomic Management System for IoT Platforms based on Data Analysis Tasks

Can managerialism promote organisational transformation in private universities?

Used as a method of university reform, new public management (NPM) involves an ideology of managerialism that conflicts with collegiality and causes ‘hybridisation’. In management organisations, when organisational goals are not shared at the individual level, this adjustment mechanism shifts to the organisational level. This study aimed to examine whether there are coordination mechanisms at the organisational level in universities by focussing on those in Japan, particularly private universities that require autonomous management. Multi-level analysis results revealed that although there is hybridisation associated with increased managerial pressure, there are no organisational-level mechanisms to reduce conflict. In conclusion, the authors point out the difficulty of organising private universities based on managerialism and suggests that university reform in Japan may be ‘hollowing out’ in the public sector as well. Further, the study emphasises the importance of undertaking a comparative study of governance arrangements in China’s private universities in the future.

Community based autonomous management of small water supply

Community based autonomous management of small water supply

ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ УПРАВЛЕНЧЕСКОГО УЧЕТА ПО ЦЕНТРАМ ФИНАНСОВОЙ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТИ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО СУБЪЕКТА В УСЛОВИЯХ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ СИСТЕМЫ ПРОЕКТНОГО МЕНЕДЖМЕНТА

The unstable economic situation in both the Russian and global markets, combined with limited material, labor and other resources, leads to the need to create new management technologies. Standard methods and forms of organizing financial and economic activities are becoming less relevant due to low adaptability to changing conditions. The most flexible and strategic-oriented management system is project management, which is a management concept based on the labor, material and financial resources of an economic entity entrusted to an independent unit (project) to achieve specific objectives with specific requirements for time, quality, money and material resources. Project management is widely used in the public sector as it enables the achievement of the set goals within the set timeframe and cost limits. The prevalence of project management in business sector has been growing in recent years, but it cannot fully function without prompt and objective information support. The traditional accounting system is not always able to fully meet the information needs of users due to significant differences in the implementation of process and project activities. The introduction of an autonomous management accounting system that accumulates relevant information on economic, business and other processes for effective decision-making by management personnel can help to solve this

Artificial intelligence applications and robotic systems in Parkinson's disease (Review).

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most frequent neurodegenerative disorder following Alzheimer's disease. Advanced stages of PD, 4 or 5 of the Hoehn and Yahr Scale, are characterized by severe motor complications, limited mobility without assistance, risk of falling, and non-motor complications. The aim of this review was to provide a practical overview on specific artificial intelligence (AI) systems for the management of advanced stages of PD, as well as relevant technological limitations. The authors conducted a systematic search on PubMed and EMBASE with predefined keywords searching for studies published until December 2020. Full articles that satisfied the inclusion criteria were included in the systematic review. To minimize results bias, the reference list was manually searched for pertinent articles to identify any additional relevant missed publications. Exclusion criteria included the following: Other stages of PD than 4 and 5 of the Hoehn and Yahr Scale, case reports, reviews, practice guidelines, commentaries, opinions, letters, editorials, short surveys, articles in press, conference abstracts, conference papers, and abstracts published without a full article. The search identified 21 studies analyzing AI-based applications and robotic systems used for the management of advanced stages of PD, out of which 6 articles analyzed AI-based applications for autonomous management of pharmacologic therapy, 5 articles analyzed home-based telemedicine systems and 10 articles analysed robot-assisted gait training systems. The authors identified significant evidence demonstrating that current AI-based technologies are feasible for automatic management of patients with advanced stages of PD. Improving the quality of care and reducing the cost for patients and healthcare systems are the most important advantages.

Self‐adaptation on parallel stream processing: A systematic review

SummaryA recurrent challenge in real‐world applications is autonomous management of the executions at run‐time. In this vein, stream processing is a class of applications that compute data flowing in the form of streams (e.g., video feeds, images, and data analytics), where parallel computing can help accelerate the executions. On the one hand, stream processing applications are becoming more complex, dynamic, and long‐running. On the other hand, it is unfeasible for humans to monitor and manually change the executions continuously. Hence, self‐adaptation can reduce costs and human efforts by providing a higher‐level abstraction with an autonomic/seamless management of executions. In this work, we aim at providing a literature review regarding self‐adaptation applied to the parallel stream processing domain. We present a comprehensive revision using a systematic literature review method. Moreover, we propose a taxonomy to categorize and classify the existing self‐adaptive approaches. Finally, applying the taxonomy made it possible to characterize the state‐of‐the‐art, identify trends, and discuss open research challenges and future opportunities.

Large Geographical Area Aerial Surveillance Systems Data Network Infrastructure Managed by Artificial Intelligence and Certified over Blockchain: A Review

This paper proposes an aerial data network infrastructure for Large Geographical Area Surveillance Systems. The work presents a review of previous works from the authors, existing technologies in the market, and other scientific work, with the goal of creating a data network supported by Autonomous Tethered Aerostat Airships used for sensor fixing, a drones deployment base, and meshed data network nodes installation. The proposed approach for data network infrastructure supports several independent and heterogeneous services from independent, private, and public companies. The presented solution employs Edge Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems for autonomous infrastructure management. The Edge AI used in the presented solution enables the AI management solution to work without the need for a permanent connection to cloud services and is constantly fed by the locally generated sensor data. These systems interact with other network AI services to accomplish coordinated tasks. Blockchain technology services are deployed to ensure secure and auditable decisions and operations, which are validated by the different involved ledgers.

Supervisory Layer for Improved Interactivity of Distributed Generation Inverters with Smart Grids

This work proposes an autonomous management system for distributed generation (DG) systems connected to the AC grid, using supervisory control theory (SCT). SCT is used to deal with discrete asynchronous events that modify the properties and operational conditions of these systems. The proposed management layer allows the smart inverters to interact with smart grid managers (SGMs), while guaranteeing operation compliance with the IEEE Standards. The implemented supervisor for the management layer is an automaton that performs the smart inverter manager (SIM) functions in the photovoltaic systems in discrete events. A DSP real-time verification was performed with Typhoon HIL 602+ to demonstrate the smart inverter’s operating dynamics connected to the grid. The results showed the fast response and robust operation of the smart inverter manager to the commands from the smart grid manager.

Feasibility of Delivering Pediatric-to-Adult Transition Education during Annual Comprehensive Clinic Appointments and Patient-Reported Outcomes: A Quality Improvement Study

Individuals with bleeding disorder diagnoses require developmentally sensitive care across the lifespan, particularly as they gain knowledge and skills necessary to successfully tackle their illness-specific needs as independent adults (Breakey et al., 2010). The current study describes one phase of a larger quality improvement (QI) initiative aimed at improving transition from pediatric to adult care (TAC) at one US Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center (HTC). Our aim was to assess the feasibility of delivering transition specific education to youth-caregiver dyads during youth annual multidisciplinary clinic appointments. Youth-caregiver dyads were selected given previous research revealing that both patients and their parents express worries about related to TAC (Geerts et al., 2008). Education included discussion of the knowledge and skills necessary for autonomous management of one's bleeding disorder (e.g., illness basics, treatment, communication, and healthy living). During an 8-month period, 101 youth-caregiver dyads were approached. Patients were between the ages of 12 and 25 (M age = 17.66, SD = 3.45). Approximately half of patients were diagnosed with hemophilia A (53.5%) and 16.8% were female. Of the 101 patients approached, 90 completed the transition education discussion. On average, these discussions took 12.80 minutes (SD = 8.49) and ranged from 5 to 50 minutes. Social work delivered the bulk of these discussions (78.7%) and spent an average of 10.61 minutes (SD = 5.76) with youth and caregivers. While the intention was to deliver transition education to youth-caregiver dyads, this only occurred in 37 discussions. Other discussions included the patient only (n = 31), caregiver only (n = 20), or had missing data (n = 1). In instances when a youth-caregiver dyad was approached, but a discussion did not take place, barriers to completing the discussion were identified. “Provider” was listed most frequently (n = 5) as a barrier (e.g., youth sent home by medical team prior to transition discussion occurring; miscommunication between members of multidisciplinary team; low staffing of those trained to deliver transition discussion). Even in instances when a transition discussion did take place, barriers to having the discussion were identified. “Patient” barriers were the most frequently listed (n = 13), followed by barriers related to “Time” (n = 11), and barriers related to “Clinic” (n = 3). At the end of the transition discussion, youth and/or caregivers were encouraged to identify a goal for improving their skills or knowledge in one of the four areas discussed during their appointment. Of those having transition discussions, 72 created a transition goal. The majority of participants reported goals related to Treatment (e.g., infusion skills; n = 36) followed by goals related to Communication (n = 18), Healthy Living (n = 11), and Bleeding Disorder Basics (n = 7). There was a statistically significant difference in the type of goal of expressed by youth and/or caregivers when the patient was 17 years old or younger vs those older than 18, X 2 (3, N = 72) = 9.49, p = 0.024. Generally, more youth reported goals related to Treatment (e.g., infusion skills) than predicted by chance in both age groups. Patients or patient caregivers were contacted via phone between 5 and 14 months following their transition discussion. Approximately 1/3 of the patients who completed transition discussion, responded and provided ratings on progress toward meeting their transition goal. Ratings (M = 4.24, SD = 2.63) were made on a Likert-type scale ranging from 1 (no progress made) to 10 (maximum progress made). The information gleaned from this QI initiative revealed that delivery of transition-specific education within the CU-HTC annual multidisciplinary appointments is feasible and in some cases, served as the impetus necessary for accomplishing transition-specific goals. The results from this initiative have been instrumental in subsequent transition-related efforts related to: (a) fostering full engagement across the multidisciplinary team in TAC efforts utilizing HEMO-Milestones Tool (Croteau et al., 2016); (b) adopting specific materials developed to assess TAC in individuals with bleeding disorder diagnoses (i.e., American Society of Hematology Hemophilia Transition Readiness Assessment); and (c) reducing time between patient goal-setting and follow-up from the HTC. DisclosuresWang: Novo Nordisk: Consultancy, Other: Clinical trial investigator; Bioverativ: Consultancy, Other: Clinical trial investigator; Bayer: Consultancy, Other: Clinical trial investigator; Octapharma: Other; uniQure: Consultancy, Other: Clinical trial investigator; Pfizer/Spark: Other: clinical trial investigator; Genentech: Consultancy, Other: Clinical trial investigator; BioMarin: Consultancy, Other: Clinical trial investigator; CSL Behring: Consultancy, Other: Clinical trial investigator; Takeda: Consultancy, Other: Clinical trial investigator; Hema Biologics: Consultancy, Other: Clinical trial investigator. Buckner: CSL Behring: Honoraria; Tremeau Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Honoraria; Genetech: Honoraria; Bayer: Honoraria; Spark: Honoraria; Sanofi: Honoraria; Novo Nordisk: Honoraria; Pfizer: Honoraria; BioMarin: Consultancy, Honoraria; Takeda: Honoraria; American Thrombosis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Hemostasis Network: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; uniQure: Consultancy, Honoraria.

Smart Secondary Substation as the source of the flexibility services

The paper describes the innovative concept of the Secondary Substation (called Flexible Substation), the basic element of MV/LV network infrastructure, devoted to autonomous management of the connected LV network, and provides grid flexibility services. Described in the paper equipment and functions of the Flexible Substation aims to provide flexibility services such as enhanced observability of the LV network, PV autonomous control & monitoring, faster fault detection, low voltage control especially with the high penetration of PV. The voltage control algorithm utilizes voltage measurements delivered to the substation from smart meters via a PLC network and acquired by the data concentrator. The paper also discusses some aspects related to cybersecurity according to IEC 62351 standard, including such requirements as authentication of communicating parties, authorization of parent systems access to controller resources, confidentiality - protection against unauthorized access to information. A presented solution was proposed to be deployed within the EU-supported H2020 project ‘Market enabling the interface to unlock flexibility solutions for cost-effective management of smarter distribution grids’. One of the tasks carried out in the Polish demonstration area of the EUniversal project is to increase the flexibility of the LV network.

A Study on the Operation and Management Plan for Indoor Sports Facilities in Apartment Communities under the COVID-19 Pandemic

The purpose of this study is to identify characteristics and limitations of the operation of indoor sports facilities in the apartment complexes and identify the ways to improve management plan under the COVID-19 pandemic. As the research methods, a literature review and case studies with surveys were conducted. For details, the guidelines for indoor sports facilities of 6 countries were reviewed and a survey of 11 apartment complexes located in Seoul and Gyeonggi province was conducted. Major findings by this study are as follows. First, the facilities managed by resident autonomous management method need to assign social distancing coaches to follow the guidelines. This could compensate for the problems which led to the closure of the facilities due to the absence of the managers. Second, spatial solutions such as space rearrangement would be an efficient social distancing method for apartment community facilities, since it is hard for managers to fully control the situations due to the fact that the substantive owner of the facilities are residents. Third, it is necessary to standardize guidelines according to the operation method. Since autonomous management and entrusted management have different operational problems, guidelines should be established based on the limitations according to the management methods.

Analysis on the Effectiveness of the Input in Household Waste Classification of Residents—Taking S City in China as an Example

S city in China has implemented a waste classification system and constructed a waste classification model with government-led market and public participation. In order to explore the effectiveness of waste classification input in S city, this paper conducts analyses from the points of view of the classification facility’s construction, environmental effectiveness, social acceptability and operation sustainability, based on interviews with and questionnaire surveys completed by related parties. The results show that the current waste classification facility system in S city is basically completed; high rates of both properties and residents comply with the waste classification system. S city has established a government-led waste classification pattern that depends on social participation. This pattern has been recognized and accepted by residents and is economically sustainable. At the same time, it is pointed out that the current marginal effectiveness of the waste classification input is showing a declining trend. Future investment should shift from investment in facilities and equipment to incentives for autonomous management by residents, and the corresponding evaluation of investment and effectiveness should also change accordingly. This requires the government to guide the refined management system.

Legal Regulation of Unmanned Vehicles: Foreign and Russian Experience

The main purpose of this article is to analyze the legal regulation of unmanned vehicles in the world and in Russia. The methodology is founded on various methods and logical techniques of information processing. The principle method is that of analysis: comparative-legal, structural-functional, and formal-legal. The article highlights the growing interest in self-driving vehicles and autonomous control systems in general, as well as the main advantages of using such technologies. It is determined that there is a constant building of capacity within the framework of information systems and technologies, an active search for labor resources, and a constant training of new personnel to expand the segment of autonomous management systems. The article discusses the intention of legislators from a number of states to develop a regulatory framework aimed at ensuring the testing of unmanned vehicles and their access to public roads, as well as the creation of entire networks of unmanned vehicles that can relieve the transport system and improve the economic and environmental well-being of the population. Within the framework of Russian realities, various government initiatives, initiatives of the President of the Russian Federation, and attempts to regulate unmanned vehicles at the legislative level are being considered. The authors have concluded that the issue of unmanned vehicle use, as well as the legal regulation of such vehicle use is on the agenda of many states. Russias achievements in the framework of the issue are highlighted separately. The question of the emergence of two models for the development of legal regulation of unmanned vehicles is raised: the Russian model and that (those) of other countries.