Automotive Manufacturing Company Research Articles

PREDICTORS OF EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT IN MALAYSIA, AND THE MODERATING EFFECTS OF JOB DEMANDS AND TOTAL REWARD


 As reported by Aon Hewitt in 2015 and 2017, there are still a lot of countries, including Malaysia, that recorded the employee engagement score below the global average value of 65%. Malaysia’s employee engagement score values were recorded at 61% and 59% for years 2015 and 2017, respectively. Low quality condition of new vehicles produced by Malaysia’s national automotive manufacturing companies is potentially caused by non-engaged employees. In academic literature, Job Demand-resource (JD-R) is the most widely used theory in employee engagement study. However, there are still a few gaps associated with the theory (i.e., inconsistence finding). In addressing the research gaps, this present study aims to examine whether job-related variables (i.e., job characteristics and job demands), personal-related variable (i.e., positive psychological capital), and environmental-organisational related variable (i.e., total reward) influence employee engagement. The relationships among the variables were explained using two selected theories, namely the JD-R theory, and Self Determination theory. This study makes several significant contributions to practitioners and theories especially on the employee engagement context. Generally, findings from the study significantly contributed knowledge to practitioners especially from Malaysia’s national automotive manufacturing companies on the major factors influencing employee engagement for them to understand, describe, and explain. In addition, for the theories, the study added to the general body of knowledge and current research work on the effects of job-related variables (i.e., job characteristics and job demands), personal-related variable (i.e., positive psychological capital), and organisational-environmental related variable (i.e., total reward) on employee engagement.

Actualizing big data analytics affordances: A revelatory case study

Drawing on a revelatory case study, we identify four big data analytics (BDA) actualization mechanisms: (1) enhancing, (2) constructing, (3) coordinating, and (4) integrating, which manifest in actions on three socio-technical system levels, i.e., the structure, actor, and technology levels. We investigate the actualization of four BDA affordances at an automotive manufacturing company, i.e., establishing customer-centric marketing, provisioning vehicle-data-driven services, data-driven vehicle developing, and optimizing production processes. This study introduces a theoretical perspective to BDA research that explains how organizational actions contribute to actualizing BDA affordances. We further provide practical implications that can help guide practitioners in BDA adoption.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI RETURN SAHAM

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors that affect stock returns on manufacturingcompanies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The population in this study areManufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2011-2015 atotal of 17 companies sample automotive manufacturing companies sub-sector consisting of 7companies. This sampling technique uses Purposive sampling. The result of research indicatethat: (1) Economic Value Added and systematic risk influence partially influence to stock interestrate return and inflation do not show significant influence. (2) Economic Value Added, systematicrisk, interest rate and inflation simultaneously have a significant effect on stock return level(3) EVA is the most dominant variable affecting stock returns on manufacturing companiescategorized in the automotive sub-company.Keywords: Economic Value Added, Beta Saham, Inflasi, suku bunga, return saham

Knowledge-driven intelligent quality problem-solving system in the automotive industry

In the current automotive industry, quality management, especially quality problem-solving (QPS), plays an important role in fulfilling the expectations of demanding customers who seek high-quality products at low-cost. During the problem-solving process, various real-time and historical quality data are often not fully used, yet these data are of high value. This paper provides a comprehensive quality data mining process and method, as well as an intelligent quality problem-solving system (IQPSS). First, based on original quality problem data, an ontology library is constructed using the ontology generating module (OGM). Second, based on the generated ontology and the textual data of the original quality problem, this study builds a quality problem-solving knowledge base (QPSKB) by employing relevant algorithms in the knowledge transformation module (KTM). The component and fault relational matrix mining (CFRMM) algorithm is designed to extract the relationship matrix between the components and faults. The semi-supervised classification algorithm based on the K-nearest neighbor algorithm (KNN) is used to classify the immediate measures, causes and long-term measures into the corresponding ontology and express the ontology as their knowledge. Furthermore, the binary tree-based support vector machine (SVM) approach is applied to classify the cause texts into the factors of Man, Machine, Material, Method, and Environment (4M1E), which are the five factors in a fishbone diagram. In particular, the digital fishbone diagram is a brand-new type of fishbone diagram that subverts the traditional method of fishbone diagram analysis through brainstorming. A pilot run of the IQPSS has been undertaken in an automotive manufacturing company to demonstrate how quality management employees obtain this knowledge by searching in the IQPSS. The results show that the IQPSS contributes appreciably to the quality problem-solving in the manufacturing industry.

Pengaruh Perencanaan Pajak Dan Insentif Non Pajak Terhadap Manajemen Laba Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Tahun 2013-2017

The Effect of Tax Planning and Non-Tax Incentives toward Earnings Management at Manufacturing Companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange 2013-2017. Thesis, Tegal: Faculty of Economics, Pancasakti University Tegal. 2018. The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of tax planning and non-tax incentives simultaneously and partially toward earnings management at manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2013-2017. This research is descriptive research with quantitative approach. The sample used is automotive sub-sector manufacturing companies and components listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2013-2017. The number of companies sampled this research there are 45 companies by using purposive sampling method. While the data analysis method used is descriptive statistical test, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, simultaneous significance test (F test), test of individual parameter significance (T test) and coefficient of determination. Based on the results of research indicate that tax planning and non-tax incentive simultaneously have a significant effect toward earnings management with significance value 0,000. While partially tax planning, earnings pressure and firm size have significant effect to earnings management with value of significance respectively 0,037,0,000 and 0,049. As well as leverage and earnings bath partially no effect toward earnings management with a significance value of 0.436 and 0.146 respectively.

Reducing the exploration and production of oil: Reverse logistics in the automobile service sector

The improper disposal of used oil poses a significant threat to society and the environment. The present study adds value to the existing knowledge base by identifying and analysing the critical barriers to reverse logistics of used oil obtained from the automobile service stations in the developing economies context. An interpretive structural modelling methodology was applied for establishing the interrelationship between the identified barriers and to rank the barriers based on their driving power. The results of the study revealed that a barrier namely ‘inadequate government policies, organisational policies, and lack of top management commitment’ was the most significant. Findings of this study are intended to guide the decision and policy makers in understanding the reverse logistics barrier analysis so that the most significant barriers can be eliminated for the effective reverse logistics and enhancing the performance of the automotive oil manufacturing companies.

ANALISIS RASIO KEUANGAN UNTUK MEMPREDIKSI TINGKAT LABA PADA PERUSAHAAN SUBSEKTOR OTOMOTIF DAN KOMPONEN DI BEI TAHUN 2010 SAMPAI 2016

ABSTRACT
 
 The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Working Capital to Total Asset (WCTA), Current Liabilities To Inventory (CLI), Operating Income to Total Assets (OITL), Total Asset Turnover (TAT), Net Profit Margin (NPM) and Gross Profit Margin (GPM) to the profit rate.
 Data obtained by purposive sampling method with criterion (1) Automotive Manufacturing Company and Component which listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) and consistent exist during period of research (2010 until 2016), (2) Automotive Company and Component that provide financial statement data during the study period (2010 to 2016).
 The results of the analysis show that the data used in this study has met the classical assumptions, which include: no multicollinearity symptoms, no autocorrelation, no heteroscedasticity symptoms, and normal distributed data. The research was conducted by using descriptive and verification methods, namely; collecting, presenting, analyzing and testing hypotheses, and making conclusions and suggestions.
 From the results of the analysis of research data, obtained the following conclusions: partially positively insignificant to profit growth: Working Capital to Total Assets (WCTA), Current Liability to Inventory (CLI), Operating Income to Total Liability (OITL), Total Asset Turnover (TAT), Partially significant positive effect on profit growth: Net Profit Margin (NPM), Partially negatively insignificant to profit growth: Gross Profit Margin (GPM). Simultaneously, the ratio of WCTA, CLI, OITL, TAT, NPM and GPM have a significant influence on Profit level. Contribution given by WCTA, CLI, OITL, TAT, NPM and GPM variable to profit rate equal to 62,9%. Continuity of this research further needs to be done to see the consistency of Ratio results to Profit level for the coming year or other subsector in BEI.
 
 Keywords: Working Capital to Total Assets (WCTA), Current Liabilities To Inventory (CLI), Operating Income to Total Assets (OITL), Total Asset Turnover (TAT), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Gross Profit Margin (GPM) and profit growth.

A study on material requirement project implementation in Thai automotive organizations

ln response to ever-increasing regional and global competition, automotive manufacturing companies in Thailand are looking to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of their operations through the adoption of sophisticated manufacturing planning and control systems in general, and Material Requirements Planning (MRP) systems in particular. Despite its growing popularity, an in-depth review of the academic literature has revealed no systematic studies of how, and how successfully, Thai automotive manufacturers have managed to implement MRP in practice. Indeed, there appears to be general dearth of studies of this kind, at least as far as newly-industrialising countries are concerned. This study begins this paper by presenting a brief literature review on MRP implementation, first in advanced industrial economies and then – as far as the evidence allows – in newly-industrialising countries. The major part of the paper concerns our empirical investigation of the way in which MRP systems are being implemented in Thai automotive manufacturing companies. The investigation is based on a major questionnaire survey of about 120 companies, of which about 67 companies are currently using some kind of MRP system. In addition to more general questions on the nature of the companies concerned and the production processes used, the survey posed specific questions on the (actual or expected) costs and benefits to be obtained from MRP, as well as the implementation process used. The findings from the survey suggest that MRP implementation in Thai automotive companies is relatively similar to implementation in manufacturing companies in the newly industrialised countries; however, there are some dissimilarities to MRP implementation in Western countries.

Sustainability as a strategy incorporated in decision-making at supply chain management case study of General Motors

Sustainability as a strategy has been incorporated in decision-making process at General Motors - an automotive manufacturing company. It has helped General Motors to overcome financial crisis. In today's environment, incorporation of sustainability factors particularly in supply chain management is critically important when governments all over the world are working to arrest climate change and reduce emission levels. Therefore, sustainability incorporation at an organisational level is a way forward. Case study was undertaken via a questionnaire to collect and evaluate the decision criteria from the middle and top level executives of General Motors. The authors also attempted to examine sustainability reports of the General Motors formulated using GRI guidelines. Study concludes that getting sustainability incorporated into DNA of a company requires top management commitment and is associated with organisations where there is history of societal, community work and responsible business practices. It helped General Motors to write off debt and come out of bankruptcy.

Implementation of health and safety management system to reduce hazardous potential in PT.XYZ Indonesia

PT. XYZ is a large automotive manufacturing company that manufacture, assemble as well as a car exporter. The other products are spare parts, jig and dies. PT. XYZ has long been implementing the Occupational Safety and Health Management System (OSHMS) to reduce the potential hazards that cause work accidents. However, this does not mean that OSHMS that has been implemented does not need to be upgraded and improved. This is due to the potential danger caused by work is quite high. This research was conducted in Sunter 2 Plant where its production activities have a high level of potential hazard. Based on Hazard Identification risk assessment, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control (HIRARC) found 10 potential hazards in Plant Stamping Production, consisting of 4 very high risk potential hazards (E), 5 high risk potential hazards (H), and 1 moderate risk potential hazard (M). While in Plant Casting Production found 22 potential hazards findings consist of 7 very high risk potential hazards (E), 12 high risk potential hazards (H), and 3 medium risk potential hazards (M). Based on the result of Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), the main priority is the high risk potential hazards (H) and very high risk potential hazards (E). The proposed improvement are to make the visual display of the importance of always using the correct Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), establishing good working procedures, conducting OSH training for workers on a regular basis, and continuing to conduct safety campaigns.

Ergonomic risk assessment of manual material handling at an automotive manufacturing company

This study investigates ergonomic risks faced by manual material handling (MMH) workers performing repetitive loads carrying, holding, lifting, lowering, pushing and pulling activities. A total of 11 MMH workers was recruited to participate in the study. Methods used to collect data were Modified Nordic Questionnaire (MNQ), Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) and NIOSH Lifting Equation. MNQ result showed the MMH workers’ body parts that suffered pain are shoulders (63.6%), upper back (54.5%) and lower back (45.4%). The movements, which recorded high REBA score (i.e. 9) are twisting, lowering and lifting, which is considered as high risk. Based on NIOSH Lifting Equation, the value of RWL for MMH tasks is 15.82 and the lifting index (LI) is 0.73. The recommended control measures to be implemented in Company X include to limit the working time, administrative control, training, and reduce the weight of the load carried and lifted by the MMH workers.

Automated PCB Inspection System

Development of an automated PCB inspection system as per the need of industry is a challenging task. In this paper a case study is presented, to exhibit, a proposed system for an immigration process of a manual PCB inspection system to an automated PCB inspection system, with a minimal intervention on the existing production flow, for a leading automotive manufacturing company. A detailed design of the system, based on computer vision followed by testing and analysis was proposed, in order to aid the manufacturer in the process of automation.

Strategies and Factors Affecting China’s Auto Industry Investment in Iran After Lifting the Sanctions

In recent years, the presence of Chinese vehicles in the streets of Iran has become more remarkable. Although, the Chinese automotive products are more elegant than Iranian ones, their quality is still criticized by Iranian consumers. However, due to the absence of major automobile manufacturers in past, the Chinese have used the opportunity of Iran’s sanctions and have taken the Iranian market. After lifting the economic sanctions on Iran, the government first attempted to negotiate with European automobile manufacturers to invest and import products to Iran. This is a difficult situation for Chinese automotive manufacturing companies which considered Iran as one of the largest automobile markets. Now, the questions are: what will be the situation of Chinese automotive manufacturing companies in Iran after lifting the sanctions? What factors will guarantee the continued presence of Chinese automobile manufacturers in post-sanctions era, compare to other competitors? Due to the presence of Chinese automobile manufacturers in Iran before lifting the sanctions, now with the lifting of sanctions and return to a normal situation, what changes are needed for Chinese automobile manufacturers? What do Iranians expect in the new situation after the lifting of sanctions? The authors by a descriptive-analytical method try to explain the situation of Chinese Automobile manufacturers companies in Iran and believe that now the Chinese must improve the quality of their goods.

Competitive intelligence: a case study on Qoros automotive manufacturing

In this paper, Qoros automotive manufacturing company, which is aiming atexpanding their market in Europe, will be analyzed. In this case, the challenges that the aforementioned company has faced will be explained and some recommendations regarding marketing, strategy, production methods and other related issues based on competitive intelligence models like SWOT, Porter's Five Forces Analysis, ADL Matrix, and other related theories will be provided.

The structural validity of the Experience of Work and Life Circumstances Questionnaire (WLQ)

Orientation: Best practice frameworks suggest that an assessment practitioner’s choice of an assessment tool should be based on scientific evidence that underpins the appropriate and just use of the instrument. This is a context-specific validity study involving a classified psychological instrument against the background of South African regulatory frameworks and contemporary validity theory principles.Research purpose: The aim of the study was to explore the structural validity of the Experience of Work and Life Circumstances Questionnaire (WLQ) administered to employees in the automotive assembly plant of a South African automotive manufacturing company.Motivation for the study: Although the WLQ has been used by registered health practitioners and numerous researchers, evidence to support the structural validity is lacking. This study, therefore, addressed the need for context-specific empirical support for the validity of score inferences in respect of employees in a South African automotive manufacturing plant.Research design, approach and method: The research was conducted using a convenience sample (N = 217) taken from the automotive manufacturing company where the instrument was used. Reliability and factor analyses were carried out to explore the structural validity of the WLQ.Main findings: The reliability of the WLQ appeared to be acceptable, and the assumptions made about unidimensionality were mostly confirmed. One of the proposed higher-order structural models of the said questionnaire administered to the sample group was confirmed, whereas the other one was partially confirmed.Practical/managerial implications: The conclusion reached was that preliminary empirical grounds existed for considering the continued use of the WLQ (with some suggested refinements) by the relevant company, provided the process of accumulating a body of validity evidence continued.Contribution/value-add: This study identified some of the difficulties that assessment practitioners might face in their quest to comply with South Africa’s regulatory framework and the demands of contemporary test validity theory.

A Multilevel Approach to Self-directed Employee Behavior: Evidence from South Korea

Self-directed employees are often regarded as the key resource for making continual organizational success in business. In recent years, a few leading business organizations have introduced and implemented autonomy supporting human resource (HR) practices to encourage employees to present a high level of self-directed behavior. However, not all business organizations have been able to reap the benefits of autonomy supporting HR practices, and some fail in drawing positive outcomes. The purpose of this study is to identify and understand the role and impact of perceptions of autonomous work environments and positive psychological capital that affect self-directed behavior in a non-western cultural context with a multilevel approach. To achieve this purpose, this study investigates the relationships between employee perception of autonomous work environment (AWE), positive psychological capital (PsyCap), and self-directed behavior (SDB) in large Korean manufacturing companies. 331 surveys from 43 teams in six large Korean automotive part manufacturing companies were gathered and analyzed by using simple OLS regression and hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) analyses. Results revealed significant cross-level direct and indirect effects of supervisor’s perception of AWE and subordinate’s PsyCap on subordinates’ SDB. The combination of providing a high level of AWE for supervisors and developing the PsyCap of subordinates along with institutionalizing self-directed employee behavior as a performance appraisal is suggested as a strategic option for organizations to reap the benefits of autonomy supporting HR practices.

Reducing High Setup Time in Assembly Line: A Case Study of Automotive Manufacturing Company in Malaysia

Lean Manufacturing System has been identified as an approach for improving performance of the processes and products. High setup time can be classified as waste for the company. This study will focuses on how an automotive manufacturing company in Malaysia is able to improve their operations time by reducing setup time and at the same time improve their productivity level. The objectives of this research are to identify the factors that influence high setup time and to highlight the action that can be minimized to reduce the setup time. Observations and interviews were conducted to understand the whole assembly process.

Psychosocial employability attributes as predictors of staff satisfaction with retention factors

The increased mobility of highly skilled knowledge workers who place a high premium on their employability capital challenges organisations to retain their scarce talent. This article explored individuals’ psychosocial employability attributes as predictors of their satisfaction with organisational retention factors. A cross-sectional quantitative, correlational research design was followed. A non-probability purposive sample of 321 permanently employed employees in an automotive manufacturing company in South Africa participated in the study (50% mid-career; 72% males; 50% Blacks; and 79% managerial/supervisory levels). Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that proactivity positively predicted satisfaction with job characteristics; career self-management positively predicted satisfaction with training and development opportunities, career opportunities, and work–life balance. Emotional literacy negatively predicted satisfaction with career opportunities. The results provide valuable insights regarding how employees’ psychosocial employability attributes influence their retention.

A lottery incentive system to facilitate dialogue and social support for workplace HIV counselling and testing: A qualitative inquiry

Despite South African mid-sized companies' efforts to offer HIV counselling and testing (HCT) in the workplace, companies report relatively poor uptake rates. An urgent need for a range of different interventions aimed at increasing participation in workplace HCT has been identified. The aim of this study was to explore qualitatively the influence of a lottery incentive system (LIS) as an intervention to influence shop-floor workers' workplace HIV testing behaviour. A qualitative study was conducted among 17 shop-floor workers via convenience sampling in two mid-sized South African automotive manufacturing companies in which an LIS for HCT was implemented. The in-depth interviews employed a semi-structured interview schedule and thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The interviews revealed that the LIS created excitement in the companies and renewed employees' personal interest in HCT. The excitement facilitated social interactions that resulted in a strong group cohesion pertaining to HCT that mitigated the burden of HIV stigma in the workplace. Open discussions allowed for the development of supportive social group pressure to seek HCT as a collective in anticipation of a reward. Lotteries were perceived as a supportive and innovative company approach to workplace HCT. The study identified important aspects for consideration by companies when using an LIS to enhance workplace HIV testing. The significance of inter- and intra-player dialogue in activating supportive social norms for HIV testing in collectivist African contexts was highlighted.

Definição de localidade para instalação industrial com o apoio do método de análise hierárquica (AHP)

Esse artigo apresenta uma análise de fatores relevantes para auxiliar a tomada de decisão na escolha de uma localidade geográfica ideal para a instalação de uma unidade fabril de uma empresa do segmento automotivo. O modelo estudado teve como motivação para o seu desenvolvimento a necessidade de a empresa expandir suas linhas de produção para uma outra localidade, em virtude da impossibilidade de expansão de suas instalações por limitações físicas de espaço, aliada a busca de vantagens competitivas como decorrência da mudança de local. Nesse contexto, a sistemática baseada na aplicação da metodologia de análise multicritério (AHP) foi aplicada, resultando na indicação da melhor alternativa de localidade para a instalação da nova fábrica, em função dos critérios previamente estabelecidos.