Automobile Power Research Articles

Design of four-wheel steering system based on automotive electronic control technology

Abstract With the rapid development of the automobile industry, people’s requirements for automobile handling performance and driving safety are getting higher and higher. As an important automobile power system, four-wheel steering technology can improve the maneuverability, stability, and safety of vehicles by controlling the steering angles of front and rear wheels. Therefore, the design and research of the four-wheel steering system has become one of the hotspots in the field of automotive engineering. In this paper, a two-degree-of-freedom dynamics model is established, and based on the PID control strategy of joint feedback of center-of-mass lateral deflection and traverse angular velocity, the vehicle model of a four-wheeled steering vehicle is constructed by using TruckSim, and the minimum turning radius test, serpentine test, and steering wheel angle step test project are carried out. The results show that compared with the two-wheel steering vehicle, the minimum turning diameter of the four-wheel steering vehicle is reduced by 1/3, which effectively improves the maneuverability at low speeds as well as the safety and stability at high speeds, and has better transient response.

A Study on Power Transmission Control for Applying MR Fluid Multi-Plate Clutch to Automobile Power Distribution Device

The aim of this study is to design and manufacture a multi-plate clutch system that uses magnetorheological (MR) fluid control to allow for a variable power transmission ratio in power distribution systems. MR fluid is a smart material that enables presenting a solution to the shocks and power loss that occur due to mechanical problems in power distribution systems. As such, the longitudinal and lateral dynamic properties of 4WD (four-wheel drive) vehicles were examined and analyzed to develop an algorithm to control the front/rear power distribution according to the road surface state and driving conditions. To verify the algorithm, the CarSim vehicle dynamics simulation program was adopted to perform experiments to understand the vehicle’s dynamic performance improvements and turning stability via a HILS (Hardware in the Loop) system. In this study, an MR fluid, multi-plate clutch was used that combines a dry clutch and a wet clutch using the characteristics of the MR fluid. Such a clutch was designed to enable continuous and smooth torque transmission by utilizing the strengths of each of the dry and wet clutches. The CarSim vehicle dynamics program was used to conduct the experiments, which were conducted by linking to the manufactured MR fluid clutch experimental device. The experiments investigated the dynamic performance based on the power distribution ratio by performing longitudinal flat, inclined driving and lateral DLC (double lane change) driving. In summary, this study found that it is possible to perform power transmission by applying a current to an MR fluid and forming a magnetic field to change the flow properties of the fluid to control the torque transmission ratio that occurs in an MR fluid clutch.

Modeling and performance analysis of a lithium‐ion battery pack with an electric vehicle power‐train for different drive cycles and highway conditions

AbstractLithium‐ion cell chemistries are favored in the automotive sector, as they enable electric vehicles (EVs) to compete with traditional gasoline‐powered vehicles in terms of performance, range, and cost. The life and performance of these packs depend upon the Battery management system which monitors and controls the pack. The modeling, simulation, and analysis of a lithium‐ion battery pack that closely resembles an actual automobile battery are the focus of this paper. Real cells that are commercially available and specifically developed for automotive applications are modeled in the simulation environment. The cell characterization and formation of pack topology with heat exchange are addressed. A commercial electric car's power train model and EV dynamics are used in the simulation environment to test the modeled battery pack over various drive cycles. The performance analysis is upscaled by considering different aspects like resistive forces while driving, ambient temperature, initial conditions while the vehicle starts, etc. The battery manufacturer can verify the battery's performance under different load conditions, with a high degree of similarity to real‐world scenarios. The simulations are conducted on MATLAB/Simulink 2021b software.

RETRACTED: Nanoscale silicon porous materials for efficient hydrogen storage application

The increasing energy demand and the worldwide energy crisis must be met in large part via the sustainable growth of hydrogen energy, since this economy is relied upon to provide clean and carbon-free energy carriers. It is anticipated that the growing demand for light and heavy fuel cell cars would stimulate the development of onboard solid-state hydrogen technology. The research here concentrates on the importance of various permeable substances such as polymers in general, metallic substances, and complex metal hydrides, even if Si nanostructures (SiNSs) have become known as the obvious contender for solid-state hydrogen storage systems. SiNSs have gained prominence as a leading candidate for solid-state hydrogen storage systems. Renowned for their high storage capacity, SiNSs, including silicon nanowires and quantum dots, exhibit promising potential in addressing challenges associated with traditional hydrogen storage methods, positioning them as a key player in advancing clean and efficient energy storage technologies. SiNSs play a crucial role in advancing solid-state hydrogen storage technology. SiNSs, including silicon nanowires and quantum dots, exhibit high storage capacity. Despite challenges like surface oxidation, SiNS holds promise for efficient hydrogen storage, contributing to the development of sustainable energy solutions and mitigating the environmental impact associated with conventional automotive technologies. We focus on the processes that result in permeable silicon, nanowires made of porous silicon, and Si quantum dots. This investigation elucidates the characteristics and patterns of hydrogen's aid, the value of hydrogen power in automobiles for reducing global warming occurrences, and the potential of using SiNSs for hydrogen storage in tandem with other forms of transition and alkali earth materials to meet these difficulties. It demonstrates how catalysts are critical to fixing the current reversibility and desorption problems with hydrogen energy storage. As a result of the analysis, energy suppliers and Si-based fuel cells may be better able to tailor their services to individual customers' needs, which might boost the growth of the hydrogen energy industry.

Energy aspects of automobile transport development

Problem. Improving automobile transport means increasing fuel economy and environmental indicators. Fuel, in a broad sense, means energy used to activate the car's power plant. Potential energy is dispersed in the earth’s interior, on its surface, in the atmospheric air, and even in space. Moreover, some of them exist in different substances. On the one hand, the efficiency of an energy product use is assessed by its energy intensity; on the other hand, it is evaluated by the costs of its production (transportation) and the quality of its transformation into a consumer type of energy. Special attention is paid to renewable and unlimited kinds of energy sources. Goal. The purpose of the study is a qualitative analysis of the road transport development direction from the standpoint of the alternative energy sources use, taking into account the factors that comprehensively determine the economic and environmental indicators at the stages of production and processing of fossil raw materials, production of power plants and conversion, transformation, and transportation of energy in the field of transport technologies. Methodology. The first direction consists of the adaptation (conversion) of the design of thermal internal combustion engines for alternative liquid or gaseous fuel types. The advantage of this approach is minimal costs for engine conversion and fuel production. The second approach involves using hybrid power plants, consisting of a main and auxiliary engine, an energy source or accumulator, an energy converter, and a braking recuperation system. The third direction is the use of non-traditional energy sources. Results. The directions of the development of power plants for motor vehicles related to the increase in the energy density of hydrocarbon fuels, the use of hybrid power plants, and the use of alternative energy sources have been determined. A qualitative assessment of the considered approaches is given. Originality. A comprehensive approach to evaluating the effectiveness of using alternative types of energy in road transport is considered in terms of energy, economic, and environmental indicators. Practical value. The obtained results can be regarded as recommendations when drawing up plans for the evolution of industries of fossil extraction and transformation of other energy resources, the development of motor vehicles, and transport infrastructure technologies, taking into account the natural and industrial potential of the country

Comparison Of the Electric Vehicle Industry in China and The United States - In Terms of Sales Volume, Policies, And Technology

In today's global warming environment, countries are trying to reduce their carbon emissions. One of the most accepted and effective ways around the world is to develop the electric vehicle industry. China and the United States, as the two largest economies in the world, the development of the electric vehicle industry in the two countries can be a reference for the world, especially in the context of China's first electric vehicle sales. In the United States, as an automobile power, the electric vehicle industry is also developing rapidly, and gradually catching up with the pace of China. Therefore, by comparing the sales volume, technology and policies of the two countries, this study analyzes the similarities and differences between the industry in the two countries, aiming to find ways to develop the electric vehicle industry in the two countries and even the whole world, and jointly contribute to solving the global climate problem.

(Digital Presentation) Biogenic Electrodes for Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Biogenic Electrodes for Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Jyoti Bhattacharjee, Subhasis Roy* Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata-700009, India * Email: subhasis1093@gmail.com/srchemengg@caluniv.ac.in : Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are potential energy-generation devices. They operate at hightemperatures, typically between 800°C-1000°C, limiting their utility. The primary challengein developing these fuel cells is synthesizing strong biogenic electrodes that function at lowtemperatures, maintaining high performance. This experimental study examines how eco-friendly,facile, and novel techniques for synthesis can be used to make robust, effective, and affordableelectrodes for low-temperature recyclable SOFCs (LT-SOFC). A green approachwas implemented by using biomass waste and biochar, specifically coconut shells and ricehusks, as raw materials. The synthesis comprised the hydrothermal carbonization of biomassprecursors, such as lignocellulosic nanostructures, and carbon nanotubes under controlledconditions, followed by activation with potassium hydroxide(KOH). The resulting electrodeshad a large surface area, catalytic oxygen reduction, excellent conductivity, and sufficientelectrochemical performance. The efficacy of the biomass-derived electrodes was enhancedby employing transition metal oxides as electrocatalysts, such as nickel oxide(NiO) andcobalt oxide(Co3O4). The morphology and elemental composition of the electrode materialwere studied using the scanning electron microscope(SEM) and energy-dispersive X-rayspectroscopy(EDS). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)was used to examine theelectrochemical properties of cell electrolytes. Findings demonstrated that the hydrothermalstrategy led to the formation of homogeneous and porous electrode structures with highgalvanic activity. The biodegradable LT-SOFC stack achieved an optimal power density of346mW/cm2 at around 550°C, indicating a substantial increase over previous experiments.Our results have significant economic consequences for the expansion of sustainable andrenewable energy innovations in industry and nanotechnology, providing auxiliary power inautomobiles and hydrogen generation. Greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprint can bediminished by using biomass waste streams as feedstocks, reducing the need for fossil fuels.The outcomes of this research provide important insights into the development, challenges,and future possibilities of biomass-derived electrodes, and minimal temperature electrolytesfor stable SOFCs. Keywords: Biomass-derived; carbon footprint; electrochemical efficiency; green energy; low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells; nanotubes.

The Effect of Spread Spectrum Modulation on Power Line Communications

Interference in Power Line Communication (PLC) is examined in this paper. PLC is a wired communication technology that provides communication and data transmission over the existing electrical network. It uses the electrical wiring in buildings or the electrical grid to transmit data signals between devices, rather than using dedicated communication cables or wireless signals. Many applications employ PLC technologies, which have the benefit of leveraging existing power connections for both power and data transfer, reducing cost and complexity. These interactions may be observed in contemporary smart grids and automobile power networks, where lengthy cables, switching power supplies and communication links all work together but exacerbate Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) problems. This research examines the effects of spread spectrum methods used to reduce EMI from power converters on PLC systems. Spread Spectrum Modulation (SSM) and its three variants, Sine, Random and Sawtooth, are frequently employed to meet the requirements of electromagnetic compatibility, however, there are some repercussions that may be detrimental to the converter or the rest of the electrical network. These outcomes occur for various modulation algorithm settings and at various frequencies. Measurements are made utilising the Frame Error Rate (FER) value provided by the PLC link system to ascertain the interference produced by a Silicon Carbide (SiC)-based DC-DC converter in order to investigate these concerns and standardise an assessment approach. To examine the effect of SSM on reducing EMI in the frequency domain, the peak index of a CISPR-16 EMI receiver is used.

Research on the Integrated Education Mode of High-tech Integration in Automobile Inspection and Maintenance Specialty

With the arrival of the new century, China's automobile industry has achieved rapid growth and reached the standard of a world automobile power. Therefore, China's requirements for the quality of employees in the automobile industry are getting higher and higher. Many higher vocational colleges have set up automobile inspection and maintenance majors and trained a large number of graduates with high comprehensive ability. In order to adapt to the change of automobile maintenance industry and improve the quality of training skilled talents, the integrated education reform of automobile maintenance specialty in technical colleges has been carried out. However, there are still some shortcomings in the implementation of the integrated education reform, which fails to fully show its advantages in the training of skilled talents. This article mainly studies the application of the integrated education mode in the automobile repair major of secondary vocational and technical schools. Firstly, starting with the basic concepts of the integrated education mode, combining with the characteristics of its implementation in the education process, it focuses on the necessity of using the integrated education mode. The increasing demand for high-quality technical talents in modern enterprises has seriously exposed the drawbacks of the traditional "instillation" education method, which focuses on storytelling. This requires teachers to attach importance to innovation and reform outdated education methods. Among them, the application of integrated education mode in the education of automotive testing and maintenance majors plays an important role in improving education quality.

Retracted: Study on Fault Diagnosis Method and Application of Automobile Power Supply Based on Fault Tree-Bayesian Network

Retracted: Study on Fault Diagnosis Method and Application of Automobile Power Supply Based on Fault Tree-Bayesian Network

Розвиток технологій гібриднихсилових установок автомобілів

Innovations and trends in the field of power plants of hybrid cars were covered in the article. The essence of the car's power plant was analyzed. The special transmission of hybrid cars was described. The modes of operation of the power plant in a hybrid car were outlined. Modern technologies of power plants of cars were given. The issue of increasing the efficiency of propulsion system of cars, increasing fuel efficiency and reducing toxic gas emissions in modern automotive industry was considered. It was emphasized that the practical use of combined power plants allows to significantly reduce the cost of transporting goods and passengers by vehicle, as well as to improve energy and environmental characteristics. The main modes of operation of the power plant in a hybrid car were listed by the authors, in particular: electric mode, hybrid mode, charge mode. Trends in the development of electric cars, which use electric propulsion systems instead of internal combustion engines, have been outlined. The trend of recent years in the development of electric cars included: an increase in the range of travel, fast charging and improvement of power electronic systems. The modern development of hybrid cars was analyzed in the article, in particular: Plug-in hybrid cars, use of a 48-volt network, an improvement of control modes in hybrid cars and energy recovery systems. Special attention was paid to changes in driving modes of hybrid cars. In general, the technologies of power plants of cars are developing rapidly, are aimed at reducing fuel consumption. A combination of internal combustion and electric motors in hybrid cars makes it possible to achieve an optimal balance between fuel efficiency and environmental friendliness, and ensures convenience and performance when driving on the road.

Design of automatic assembly device of automobile power connector

Automobile power connector is a very important workpiece in the automobile. Its quality determines the safety of the automobile.This paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the automobile power connector assembly and the detection equipment, so that the machine can be operated in accordance with the manufacturer's requirements, and to optimize each step so as to get the qualified products.

Forming structure and testing loading cycle of automobile power supply system

The paper considers the formation of the structure of the test cycle of the vehicle power supply system, which makes it possible to simulate typical load modes. A roundabout route has been developed, which makes it possible to carry out road tests in operating conditions as close to real ones as possible. The test cycle includes seven loading stages, different in duration and power of the consumers involved. The character of changes in the on-board network voltage, generator and battery currents has been established, a comparative assessment of which can be used to determine the current technical state of the power supply system. Further research will focus on the influence of characteristic faults on the parameters of the power supply system. Keywords: vehicle power supply system, road tests, automotive generator, battery, load cycle

Research on Energy-fed Suspension Control System of New Energy Vehicles Based on Energy Flow Analysis

Suspension is the general name of the device that connects the conductive force between the car body and the wheels. Among them, operational stability and ride comfort are two contradictory requirements in actual driving. In the traditional vehicle suspension system, in order to maintain the ride comfort of the vehicle, the vibration energy caused by uneven road surface is usually dissipated by passive shock absorber in the form of heat. If this part of energy can be recovered in an effective way, the energy demand of the whole vehicle system can be reduced. Usually, the stiffness of semi-active suspension is constant, and the damping coefficient will change automatically with the change of driving conditions. Its advantages are simple structure, no need to consume automobile power, and the damping coefficient will change with the change of automobile driving conditions, which can effectively improve automobile riding comfort and handling stability. This paper expounds the problems encountered by traditional suspension, and analyzes the semi-automatic control strategy of regenerative suspension of new energy vehicles from the perspective of energy flow.

Mathematical Model and Prediction Analysis of Automobile Power Battery Decommissioning Based on Weibull Distribution

With the significant increase of lithium battery consumption in China, resource safety is widely concerned by the industry. However, the industry lacks relevant models for the specific temporal and spatial prediction analysis of retired batteries, and how to determine the future amount of retired new energy vehicles has become a hotspot in the industry. In this paper, based on the data of the national new energy vehicle sales terminals, the Weibull distribution is used to construct the retirement volume model, and the model parameters are calculated by vehicle type to realize the spatial and temporal prediction analysis of the retirement of the retired power battery. The model has good interpretation, and has strong correlation in 51% of the model data and correlation in 90% of the model data, which can provide a theoretical basis for the industry layout and research.

Research on Power System Matching Scheme Design of Four-Wheel Drive Pickup Truck

Automobile power matching is one of the important links in the early stage of automobile research and development, which will directly affect the performance of automobile power. According to the basic parameters and technical requirements of the four-wheel drive pickup truck, the automobile power matching scheme is designed, and the parameters of the automobile power transmission system are determined. The automobile power performance is compared and analyzed from the aspects of driving force and adhesion rate, and the optimal power system matching scheme of the four-wheel drive pickup truck is completed.

Fault diagnosis of automobile power seat with acoustic analysis and retrained SVM based on smartphone

Automobile power seats (APS) fault diagnosis method research is crucial for manufacturers to adjust production strategies and improve economic efficiency. Although acoustic analysis has been used in production process to detect APS faults, current methods are inefficient and cannot deal with sharp noise interference. Thus, this paper presents a novel method for fault diagnosis of APS based on smartphone. Firstly, we propose an Adaptive Filter Banks Method (AFBM) to extract spectral features and reduce the subsequent computation, which solves the fixed spectrum resolution problem of short-time Fourier transform. Secondly, we use an outlier detection algorithm based on K-Nearest Neighbor and statistical theory to exclude noise-interfered samples. Finally, we propose a retrained support vector machine (SVM) model to identify the fault according to the clustering combination of different faults. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, we measured the actual acoustic signal of a typical APS 20DL80X9D-7. We use smartphone instead of professional microphone and processor to adapt to different application scenes. The accuracy and immediacy of fault identification results verify the superiority of our method.

Application of biopolymer materials and polymer-based photoelectric materials

Due to the excellent physical and chemical properties of polymers, a diverse of different functional polymer materials have been widely used in our daily life. As a new type of material, functional polymer materials can be able to play a significant role in the progress of science and technology. In addition, functional polymer materials are closely related to many everyday products in our daily life. Leaving the traditional polymer materials will bring a lot of inconvenience to our life. Recently, functional polymer materials, which have become hot spots, have concentrated various research achievements in various disciplines and fields. At the same time, they have the characteristics of polymer materials and functional materials, and play an important role in specific fields. Among these functional polymer materials, biopolymer materials are widely used in the medical field, which is helpful to prolong the life of patients, improve human health and improve the quality of human life. Polymer-based photoelectric materials are mainly used in the fields of automobile power and folding mobile phones, and the mass production of photovoltaic solar materials has become a new hot spot. As a result, this research will mainly introduce the main application status and future development trend of biopolymer materials and polymer-based photoelectric materials.

Research on the Current Situation and Countermeasures to the Predicament of the Development of Car Carnival Business Activities

With the step-by-step advancement of the automobile power strategy, the integrated development trend of the automobile industry has continued to advance in-depth. The status and role of automobile culture have improved significantly. The successful attempt of the business model of the carnival takes the creation of the model of "professional events + carnivals" as the core, providing more possibilities for recreational car events that consumers can deeply participate in. This article intends to sort out the research results of the academic circle through the field of automobile culture and use the car carnival activities as a representative. On this basis, this article explores the business path for the development of the car carnival, builds a new format, promotes mutual benefit and Win-win, and provides suggestions and countermeasures for this.

Study on Fault Diagnosis Method and Application of Automobile Power Supply Based on Fault Tree-Bayesian Network

Among various fault types of automotive power faults, power supply UB + faults have the most complex relationship between fault signs and fault points and are difficult to diagnose. So this paper proposes a Bayesian network fault diagnosis model of automobile power supply based on fault tree. Firstly, based on the in-depth analysis of the principle of automobile power supply fault, the UB + fault tree model is constructed. The fuzzy Bayesian network model of UB + fault is constructed through the mapping relationship between fault tree and Bayesian network. Then, the prior probability of UB + fault points are obtained according to the five-year fault dataset of FAW Volkswagen Reck system, and the relevant conditional probabilities are determined by fuzzy set theory due to the lack of data and the uncertainty in expert scoring. Finally, the relevant fault point probability values are determined according to the Bayesian network inference algorithm in the case of single or parallel UB + fault sign occurring, and the fault diagnosis sequence is guided, further improving fault diagnosis efficiency.