Automation Project Research Articles

B-128 Delivering Predictable Operational efficiency gains at our core central reference laboratory with strategic deployment of navify® Lab Operation informatics automation solution

Abstract Background Metropolis Healthcare Limited (‘MHL’) operates a network of 200 clinical labs in India, our Global Reference Lab (GRL) in Mumbai processes over 25000 tests in a 17 hour daily operation. We are an ISO15189 and CAP accredited laboratory. Our strategic goals have been to bring operational standardization across the network & Improve speed of service with a predictable 90 percentile production TAT. To achieve this goal, we chose digitalization of our laboratory operation with the deployment of navify ® Lab Operations informatics automation solution in. This poster explains our journey of planning, implementing, and delivering on our goal of predictable operational efficiency. The digital solution is at the forefront of all digitalization IQC processes, auto validation and auto approval of patient results passing through a framework of autoverification rules and complete traceability of processes. Methods The poster will explain the scope, planning and implementation approach of this digital automation project at Global reference Lab in 5 stepsHL7 order structure for communication between LIS and navify ® Lab Operations22 analyzers from 11 different manufacturers being connected to the Informatics solution. the corresponding testingTest & IQC (Internal Quality Control) Master with specific ranges and rules10 steps AV (Auto verification) Rules decision framework of concentric sieves across lab disciplines (155 AV Algorithms have been configured at GRL)Structured user acceptance testing framework before Go Live. Results This poster discusses the outcomes that we have seen on deployment of this digital solution.Over 25,000 test results are subject AV engine daily with AV rate of 75 % of all results in Biochemistry, Immunoassays.66 % of all Complete Blood Count (CBC) reports 95 % of all HbA1c results 93 % of all ESR resultsOver 1750 QC results are subject to QC rules dailyThere is an improvement of 4 hours observed in production TAT Conclusions Laboratory Informatics solution has enhanced lab performance in terms of TAT & efficiency of review. The staff satisfaction (both technical and medical) has increased and we see an impact on production outcome. The poster will also show an incremental effectiveness analysis by comparing key performance areas such as predictability in production, staff time saved, before and after technology deployment.

Best Practices for Managing Large-Scale Automation Projects in Financial Services

Best Practices for Managing Large-Scale Automation Projects in Financial Services

Interdisciplinary perspective on architectural programming: current status and future directions

PurposeArchitectural programming, as a critical phase in construction projects, has been widely recognized for its importance and advantages throughout the construction process. With the rapid development of the socioeconomic landscape, architectural programming has garnered increasing attention from various other disciplines, becoming a key trend in interdisciplinary collaboration. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current status and future directions of architectural programming from an interdisciplinary perspective through scientometric analysis and systematic review.Design/methodology/approachThis study first collected English journal articles on architectural programming published between 1975 and 2024 from the Web of Science and Scopus databases. After an initial screening of titles and abstracts, 515 articles were selected for scientometric analysis to reveal the current state and advantages of architectural programming research in multidisciplinary fields. Subsequently, a second screening of full-text articles identified 75 journal articles for systematic review, focusing on research topics and challenges in interdisciplinary applications.FindingsThe study reveals an exponential increase in the number of papers related to architectural programming between 1975 and 2024, particularly in the last decade. Six key research topics of architectural programming in multidisciplinary fields were identified: (1) performance optimization and evaluation, (2) digitalization and automation development, (3) project management and decision support, (4) improvement of human and social welfare, (5) sustainable resources and environment and (6) educational practices of architectural programming. Additionally, the study identified the main challenges in the interdisciplinary application of architectural programming, including (1) incompatibility among disciplines, (2) limitations of data and methodologies and (3) insufficient social engagement. To address these challenges, three potential future directions were proposed: (1) establishing interdisciplinary teams and platforms, (2) enhancing multi-source data integration and digital transformation and (3) improving governance mechanisms and educational training.Originality/valueBy combining quantitative and qualitative methods, this study provides a comprehensive review of architectural programming research and applications in multidisciplinary fields, offering theoretical foundations and practical references for the future development of architectural programming. This review not only aids in understanding the overall status of current architectural programming research but also offers valuable insights and recommendations for future research directions and practical applications.

How do Technical Vocational School Teachers Deal with Artificial Intelligence in the Classroom? An Attempt to Analyze AI Use at German VET Schools

This paper examines how selected vocational schools in Germany are dealing with the integration of artificial intelligence into the school context and how vocational school teachers and their students are undertaking initial attempts and projects to integrate various technologies and AI into teaching practice. The focus here is primarily on the concrete practical teaching level in vocational schools, so that the content and methods of teaching by vocational school teachers and the concrete technological applications are considered. The first pilot applications of AI systems at vocational schools are the focus of interest, so that a selection of 5 AI-committed schools are presented in this article (predominantly automation and robotic projects). The investigation took place as part of the Erasmus+ project AI Pioneers, which consists of an international consortium working to establish a VET network with regard to the integration of AI in educational settings.

Application of Technological Procedure Automated Guided Vehicles in the Production Hall of a Company Due to Increasing the Automation—Case Study

This paper discusses the possibility of deploying automated guided vehicle (AGV) technology in a company’s production hall. Chronometric measurements of material handling and people handling were performed. The handling processes were divided into five sub-processes, which were analysed in terms of production line operation, distance, and carrying capacity of the automated guided vehicles. Based on the measurements, we found that it was necessary to use four vehicles for handling in the foam production hall. The company is applying this automation project to foams, and after successful testing, plans to continue with automation for leather upholstery. To ensure the correct chronometric results, we measured the distances between each workstation on the production floor at the company. Based on an analysis of material handling on the production lines, we evaluated that there is a possibility of applying AGVs on the entire production floor. We analysed the volumes of material transfer and the possibilities of interconnection within the existing material handling in the enterprise. Complications arise when deploying AGVs in the plant because the handling to the production lines is not only provided by the parent company, but also by the component suppliers themselves. Based on this observation, we have identified potential collision points within the operation between automated guided vehicles and other material handling equipment or people. For this reason, we deployed one more AGV on the handling routes to prevent unwanted collisions. This means that a human would be able to perform even more processes than a machine and can circulate 80 times, where a machine under the same conditions would only perform the entire circulation 57 times. There is room here to use humans for other processes and to automate the handling of goods, although it introduces delays that can be eliminated by deploying additional automated guided vehicles. This opens room for further research questions on how these vehicles can be deployed, even in a small space, and how existing material handling can be automated.

Absorptive capacity activation triggers: Insights from learning in project epochs of a project-based organization

Operating in an environment of rapid technological changes, project-based organizations need to stay continuously updated and, therefore, must develop absorptive capacity. This research introduces an innovative theoretical framework for the development of absorptive capacity within project-based organizations. However, this capability is often developed in an unplanned manner, as it is stimulated by what the literature calls activation triggers. By analyzing 54 significant automation projects across seven epochs, this study spans 25 years of a project-based organization. It reveals four knowledge sources of absorptive capacity and its activation triggers, classified into six groups. The framework underscores the strategic importance of activation triggers and offers valuable insights into the dynamics of absorptive capacity, emphasizing the significance of relationships with clients, technology partners, and strategic business partners, as well as the role of project-based learning. These findings provide practical implications for enhancing innovation and achieving sustainable success in project-based organizations.

How to conduct successful business process automation projects? An analysis of key factors in the context of robotic process automation

PurposeIn recent years, the robotic process automation (RPA) technology, a software-based method to automate routine tasks in business processes, has gained significant interest and adoption. However, many implementation projects fail and current literature lacks a synthesis and comprehensive overview of factors that challenge the implementation of RPA, have an impact on success or failure of projects, or, play an enabling role in an RPA project. Hence, the purpose of this research is to identify key factors that should be considered by organizations when conducting an RPA project.Design/methodology/approachThe paper adopts a qualitative methodology based on data collected in a systematic literature review (SLR) and interviews with 10 RPA experts. Using inductive coding, an integrated framework of key factors is developed.FindingsThe results suggest that the key factors for a successful RPA introduction can be divided into human, organizational and technical factors. Important aspects include for example project management techniques, capabilities and skills of employees, as well as data security considerations.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to knowledge by synthesizing previously dispersed knowledge into an integrated framework, as well as by complementing previous results with new qualitative, empirical data. Additionally, the RPA-specific factors are put into the perspective of persistent problems in information systems development.

The Assessment Model of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) Project Using Benefit Study and Balanced Scorecard (BSC) Approach

Assessing Robotic Process Automation (RPA) projects is challenging, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) with limited resources. The most common approach, cost-benefit analysis, measures the financial success of a project, but it does not capture all RPA benefits, which can lead to erroneous decisions about starting, continuing, delaying, or stopping an RPA project. This research presents a novel RPA project assessment model that combines a benefits approach with the balanced scorecard (BSC) framework. The model identifies RPA benefits from the scientific literature and classifies them into four BSC indicators: financial, business process improvement, customer satisfaction, and learning and development. SMEs can easily use the model by comparing expected and actual benefits to make quick and holistic decisions. The model's simplicity, ease of use, and ability to reveal both monetary and non-monetary RPA benefits make it a valuable tool for SMEs.

Affiliate Automation Project

The emergence of chatbots has revolutionized customer engagement and sales strategies for e-commerce platforms like Amazon. This project focuses on developing a Telegram chatbot specifically tailored for Amazon affiliate marketing. The chatbot serves as an intermediary between users and Amazon's vast product catalog, providing a seamless experience for browsing and purchasing products while integrating affiliate links to monetize interactions. Key functionalities of the chatbot include natural language processing for understanding user queries, product recommendation based on user preferences and historical data, real-time updates on product availability and pricing, and secure payment processing. The integration with Amazon's Affiliate Program ensures that affiliate links are dynamically generated and embedded within product recommendations, enabling the chatbot operator to earn commissions for referral sales.

Cadio Interfaced Smart Home with IoT Enabled Automation Systems

Smart home automation integrates advanced technologies for efficient, convenient, and secure residential living. It employs sensors and actuators to collect data and automate physical tasks. Connectivity protocols Wi-Fi enable seamless communication among devices. This project presents a simpler IoT based home automation system using ESP8266 and Cadio app. This project includes security features include smart user behaviour lighting, motion detection, automatic water level control and locks, enhancing real-time monitoring and remote access. Voice control via virtual assistants like Alexa and google assistant adds a hands-free dimension to device management. Artificial Intelligence teaches user behaviour, enabling the system to automate routines over time. Customization options allow users to create personalized scenarios and routines tailored to their preferences. Here there is no code needed and it is easy to integrate and control. Using this IOT based home automation system reduces electricity bill of consumer and reduces carbon footprint at lower cost by implementation of this home automation project. Key Words: Cadio, Smart Home, Home Automation, IoT, Sensor, NodeMCU

Outcome-Based Education: An Educational Strategy

The move to OBE (outcome-based education) has been discussed as one of the most important trends in higher education in the present era. This paper defines outcomes and outcome-based education, describes the development of outcome-based education, identifies several different ways that outcomes have been presented, and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the outcome-based educational approach. The implementation of outcome-based education in higher educational institutions is described as a case study for curriculum planners in the higher educational institutions. The lessons learned from many of the experiences and steps practised as a part of an automation project at higher educational institutions.

Rating Risks in Robotic Process Automation (RPA) Projects: An Expert Assessment Using an Impact-Uncontrollability Matrix

This research paper explores the risks associated with Robotic Process Automation (RPA) projects, with a focus on the impact of disregarding key factors that affect project success. While previous studies have identified challenges and success factors for RPA projects, there is a lack of research that systematically and quantitatively evaluates these factors. To address this gap, the study uses a two-dimensional matrix to rate the impact and controllability of such risks associated with key factors in RPA projects, with data collected from 20 subject matter experts. The findings suggest that project managers should pay close attention to RPA development and process management. The high controllability ratings imply that proper planning and execution can effectively manage the identified risks. The study offers valuable insights into risk assessment for RPA projects and can assist project managers in increasing project success rates.

Efficient Control and Automation: Exploring Siemens LOGO PLC and PLC-Based Industrial Timer Controllers

Siemens LOGO PLC is a compact system for small automation projects, programmed via LOGO Soft Comfort. Its graphical interface enables easy circuit program creation, facilitating customized control systems swiftly. LOGO Soft Comfort allows offline and online testing, simulation, and program archiving. PLC timers, integral to the system, regulate input and output signals, functioning like relay timers without physical presence or wiring. This paper delves into PLC-based industrial timer controllers, designed to supersede traditional hard-wired relay and timer logic systems. Common PLC timers include Pulse, On-delay, Retentive On-delay, and Off-delay timers, pivotal for time delays and production monitoring in industries. They facilitate actions like turning machines off after set periods or initiating them after specific delays upon sensor activation or button press

Unlocking Success: A Decision Support System for Agile Assessment in Intelligent Automation Projects

Unlocking Success: A Decision Support System for Agile Assessment in Intelligent Automation Projects

Lab Automation

Abstract: This lab automation project aims to revolutionize scientific workflows by implementing a comprehensive system that integrates cutting-edge technologies to streamline processes and enhance accuracy in laboratory settings. Leveraging robotics, sensor networks, and advanced software, our solution automates repetitive tasks, minimizes human error, and accelerates experimentation cycles. The system's modular design allows seamless integration into existing laboratory infrastructure, ensuring adaptability across diverse research domains. Through real-time data monitoring and analysis, our automation solution not only increases efficiency but also facilitates data-driven decision-making. This project represents a significant step towards the future of laboratory operations, fostering scientific advancements by optimizing resource utilization and promoting reproducibility in experimental outcomes

Improving Project Budgeting Systems by Developing Machine Learning Models

The lack of an efficient budgeting system makes it more difficult for a business to satisfactorily execute projects or gain new business. To improve the accuracy of budgeting using the classical approach, a dynamic system is required. Building dynamic systems that apply machine learning techniques can support companies in improving their budgeting system. This quantitative study built five machine learning regression models: multiple linear regression, artificial neural network, support vector machine, k-nearest neighbors, and random forest. The five built models were used to predict the closing costs of 552 industrial automation projects that were carried out in Africa and the Middle East. Using root mean square error, the model forecast precision was compared to that of the classical system. The outcome shows that there is a significant difference between machine learning models and classical systems. Therefore, the use of machine learning techniques can improve the accuracy for businesses of their budgeting system.

Experiences Modeling a OPC UA / DDS Gateway in AADL in the Context of Fog Computing

The legacy protocols still used in industrial automation are an obstacle to interoperability. In the meantime, while newer protocols are slowly replacing gateways, they can provide a bridge between new and legacy protocols. The Architecture Analysis & Design Language (AADL) was used in the Fog Computing for Robotics and Industrial Automation (FORA) project to model a Fog Computing Platform (FCP). Part of the FCP is an OPC Unified Architecture (OPC UA) / Data Distribution Service (DDS) gateway. The main goal was to develop an AADL model that allows the creation of platform-specific instances of such a gateway and the creation of other gateways. While the gateway model is incomplete, it formed the basis for several gateway prototypes. Challenges included complex data structures and tooling issues related to code generation. Nevertheless, the experiences with the AADL modeling of the gateway and the FCP were positive overall.

Bots2ReC – Analysis of Key Findings for the Application Development of Semi-Autonomous Asbestos Removal

The removal of asbestos from existing buildings is a socially important and challenging renovation process due to the handling of hazardous materials. The EU project Robots to ReConstruction (Bots2ReC) has developed a robotic system for semi-autonomous asbestos removal for apartment buildings. The removal of plaster and tiles and the associated tile adhesive is implemented as a semi-autonomous construction task by mobile manipulators and integrated into the existing construction process. The development is based on a test-driven approach in order to obtain information about the achievable performance and the acceptance of the human operators as early as possible. The identification of the control variables for the respective tools and the embedding in the on-site process flow are named as the main reasons for the test-driven approach. The analysis of selected key findings of the project shows for the developed semantic mapping via mobile robot that a minimal, application-specific data format favours an efficient overall process control via task planning up to execution. In the development of mobile bases for the application, it can be shown that a holonomic drive is preferable to a differential drive due to the partly narrow and angled parts of the building. To carry out the intended processes and to guide the automated power tools, the in-house development of serial manipulators is necessary, since the combination of the required working space with the occurring weight and process forces cannot be solved within the requirements by an industrial manipulator. Finally, the main benefit of this papers contribution is seen in the transferable outcomes to other on-site automation projects.

A cost-benefit analysis for a wire harness assembly workstation: Manual vs. collaborative workstation

A fundamental competitiveness factor in the wire harness manufacturing industry is the economic aspect. A collaborative robot automation project could be very innovative, but the manufacturer will not invest in the project if it does not produce clear financial returns. The cost-benefit analysis of changing from a manual to a collaborative (human-robot) assembly process of wire harnesses is something that has not been deeply studied in the literature. Therefore, a cost-benefit analysis is proposed to determine if a collaborative assembly process is financially viable in the wire harness manufacturing industry. A case study is presented to verify and validate the analysis proposed. This case study focuses on the cable tie collocation task within a wire harness assembly process. The proposed cost-benefit analysis shows that the country where the analysis is made has great relevance in the financial viability of changing from a manual to a collaborative assembly process due to the workers’ salaries.

Robotic process automation using process mining — A systematic literature review

Process mining (PM) aims to construct, from event logs, process maps that can help discover, automate, improve, and monitor organizational processes. Robotic process automation (RPA) uses software robots to perform some tasks usually executed by humans. It is usually difficult to determine what processes and steps to automate, especially with RPA. PM is seen as one way to address such difficulty. This paper aims to assess the applicability of process mining in accelerating and improving the implementation of RPA, along with the challenges encountered throughout project lifecycle.A systematic literature review was conducted to examine the approaches where PM techniques were used to understand the as-is processes that can be automated with software robots. Seven databases were used to identify papers on this topic. A total of 32 papers, all published since 2018, were selected from 605 unique candidate papers and then analyzed.There is a steady increase in the number of publications in this domain, especially during the year 2022, which suggests a raising interest in the combined use of PM with RPA. The literature mainly focuses on the methods to record the events that occur at the level of user interactions with the application, and on the preprocessing methods that are needed to discover routines with the steps that can be automated. Important challenges are faced with preprocessing such event logs, and many lifecycle steps of automation projects are weakly supported by existing approaches suggesting corresponding research areas in need of further attention.