Automatic Verification System Research Articles

Risk Assessment and Risk Warning for Current Transformer Automatic Verification System

This paper combines methods such as decision-making theory and method, the risk early warning theory and mathematical statistics theory [1,2]. With case analysis, some risk assessment and risk early warning is studied systematically on the automatic low voltage current transformer verification system. First of all, on the basis of risk identification, a indicator evaluation system for the verification system is established. Combined with the structure of the low voltage current transformer verification system, the indicator system is built on both the overall system and various key units of the system. Then risk assessment of the system is conducted. The risk assessment includes state analysis on each indicator, setting up the indicator state probability model, setting the indicator weight; also a confidence level is analyzed. Thirdly, risk early warning is made. The risk early warning threshold is taken as the basis of the early warning, which guarantees the safety and steady operation of the system. Finally, some example verification is done upon the automatic low voltage current transformer verification system, which provides reference on risk assessment and early warning for some enterprises and institutions.

The Quality Assurance and Online Diagnosis Technology of Automatic Verification System for Transformer

Low voltage current transformers are widely used in power system. Such as the records of power consumption, energy trading and industrial load monitoring, is an important measuring component in electric power system of China at the present stage. Whether the low voltage current transformer is accurate or not, related to the power customer's vital interests and the power grid enterprise`s economic benefits, also affects the quality of grid service level and the fulfillment of social responsibilities. To establish a quality assurance system, make the fault detection rate and the percent of pass of the automatic verification system is accordance with the requirements. At the same time, the establishment of online diagnosis system can remind the staff when any failure occurs and help them repairs the fault as soon as possible. It can provide a strong guarantee for the stable operation, management and protection of the automatic verification system.

The Design and Implementation of Automatic Verification System of Anemometer

This design makes the anemometer verification automatic and realizes the management of equipment information through the establishment of wind tunnel laboratory automatic verification software system. It integrates fan control device owned by the apparatus, data acquisition system and equipment information management to achieve the goal that we can record or select the information of inspected instruments, standard devices and verified data, and make data acquisition and calculation automatic by using the software platform. The system also has the function of generating verification log sheet automatically. The establishment of the system can reduce the error prone by manual operation of verification staff and enhance working efficiency thereby improving the efficiency and quality of the anemometer verification work.

Fingerprint Combination of Privacy Preservation is Improved by Delaunay Triangulation Method

Fingerprints are graphical ridge and valley patterns on the tips of human fingers. Owing to their uniqueness and permanence, the use of fingerprints is considered to be one of the most reliable methods of personal verification. Fingerprints are today among the most popularly used biometric modalities in automatic verification systems. At the same time, Protecting the privacy of Fingerprint is an important one, here a novel system propose protecting fingerprint by combining two different fingerprints. In the enrolment stage, fingerprints will be captured from two different fingers. Minutiae positions are extracted from one fingerprint (its the detailed pattern of the fingerprint). The orientation, (it indicates the flow of ridges and valleys) from other fingerprint, and the reference points are calculated from both the two fingerprints. Extracted combined minutiae templates are stored into database. Here A Delaunay Triangulation indexing scheme has been designed for protecting biometric template and non-invertible template are calculated for verifies the authorized person. By using the Delaunay triangulation method fingerprint privacy has to be improved.

OFFLINE SIGNATURE IDENTIFICATION USING HIGH INTENSITY VARIATIONS AND CROSS OVER POINTS BASED FEATURE EXTRACTION

Signature has its own advantage in person identification. The facts that people usually do not putting text in it; rather they draw a pattern as their signature. Even today, numbers of transactions are increasing related to banking and businesses are being identified via signatures. The main difficulty lies in the variations of the geometrical representation of the signature which is closely related to the identity of human beings. Hence, development methods for genuine signature verification must be needed. When bundles of documents, e.g. bank cheques, have to be verified in a limited time, the manual verification of account holders’ signatures is often tedious work. So there is a need of Automatic Signature Verification and Identification systems. For that different logic should be considered to process such signatures. The present paper is done in the field of offline signature identify by extracting some special domain features that make a signature difficult to forge. In this paper existing signature verification systems have been thoroughly studied and a model is designed to develop an offline signature idenfication system. Here off-line signature idenfication system that depends on high intensity variation based features as well as cross over points based features. Main aim is to take various feature points of a given signature and compares them with the test signatures feature points by choosing appropriate classifiers.

An automatic dose verification system for adaptive radiotherapy for helical tomotherapy

Purpose: During a typical 5-7 week treatment of external beam radiotherapy, there are potential differences between planned patient's anatomy and positioning, such as patient weight loss, or treatment setup. The discrepancies between planned and delivered doses resulting from these differences could be significant, especially in IMRT where dose distributions tightly conforms to target volumes while avoiding organs-at-risk. We developed an automatic system to monitor delivered dose using daily imaging. Methods: For each treatment, a merged image is generated by registering the daily pre-treatment setup image and planning CT using treatment position information extracted from the Tomotherapy archive. The treatment dose is then computed on this merged image using our in-house convolution-superposition based dose calculator implemented on GPU. The deformation field between merged and planning CT is computed using the Morphon algorithm. The planning structures and treatment doses are subsequently warped for analysis and dose accumulation. All results are saved in DICOM format with private tags and organized in a database. Due to the overwhelming amount of information generated, a customizable tolerance system is used to flag potential treatment errors or significant anatomical changes. A web-based system and a DICOM-RT viewer were developed for reporting and reviewing the results. Results: More than 30 patients were analysed retrospectively. Our in-house dose calculator passed 97% gamma test evaluated with 2% dose difference and 2mm distance-to-agreement compared with Tomotherapy calculated dose, which is considered sufficient for adaptive radiotherapy purposes. Evaluation of the deformable registration through visual inspection showed acceptable and consistent results, except for cases with large or unrealistic deformation. Our automatic flagging system was able to catch significant patient setup errors or anatomical changes. Conclusions: We developed an automatic dose verification system that quantifies treatment doses, and provides necessary information for adaptive planning without impeding clinical workflows.

Constructing, Evaluating and Applying an Automatic Verification System for Virtual Private Servers

Constructing, Evaluating and Applying an Automatic Verification System for Virtual Private Servers

On Automation in the Verification of Software Barriers: Experience Report

We present an experience report on automating the verification of the software barrier synchronization primitive. The informal specification of the primitive is: when a thread calls the software barrier function, the thread halts until all other threads call their instances of the software barrier function. A successful software barrier call ensures that each thread has finished its portion of work before the threads start exchanging the results of these portions of work. While software barriers are widely used in parallel versions of major numerical algorithms and are indispensable in scientific computing, software barrier algorithms and their implementations scarcely have been verified. We improve the state of the art in proving the correctness of the major software barrier algorithms with off-the-shelf automatic verification systems such as Jahob, VCC, Boogie, Spin and Checkfence. We verify a central barrier, a C implementation of a barrier, a static tree barrier, a combining tree barrier, a dissemination barrier, a tournament barrier, a barrier with its client and a barrier on a weak memory model. In the process, we introduce a novel theorem proving method for proving validity of formulas containing cardinalities of comprehensions and improve the capabilities of one of the verification systems. Based on our experience, we propose new challenges in the verification of software barriers.

A First-Order Logic Based Framework for Verifying Simulations

Modern science relies on simulation techniques for understanding phenomenon, exploring design options, or evaluating models. Assuring the correctness of simulators is a key problem where a multitude of solutions ranging from manual inspection to formal verification are applicable. Formal verification incorporates the rigor necessary but not all simulators are generated from formal specifications. Manual inspection is readily available but lacks the rigor and is prone to errors. In this paper, we describe an automated verification system (AVS) where the constraints that the system must adhere to are specified by the user in general purpose first-order logic. AVS translates these constraints into a verification program that scans the simulator traceand verifies that no constraints are violated. Computer microarchitecture simulations were successfully used to demonstrate the proposed approach. This paper describes the preliminary results and discusses how artificial intelligence techniques can be used to facilitate effective run-time verification of simulators.

The Research on Hardware Design for the Automatic Verification System of Late-Model Fuel Dispensers

According to the requirement of JJG443-2006 <Verification Regulation of Fuel Dispensers>,the solution of hardware design of late-model fuel dispensers automatic verification system is introduced in this paper, which makes use of four wire PT resistance and AD7712 as the acquisition circuit for getting temperature of oil tank and oil gun. In order to achieve the automatic verification of fuel dispensers, it also designs the measuring circuit for the flow rate of oil gun based on AD620 chip and the automatic camera module driven by stepper motor.

Design of the Time Interval Generator Automatic Verification and Management System

This paper is aimed at the matter that verification method of time interval generator is still manual test, low efficiency, heavy workload, and for mechanical stopwatch calibrator can not be test because of lack of a machine / electrical converter. The author developed a machine/electrical switch, and programmed the automatic verification and management software using VB language, which realized the automatic verification and information management for various types of time interval generator. The machine/electrical switch is tested by NIM, the result show that the main indexes meet the design requirements. By practical application, the system has been working condition, which can be used as standard equipment of time and frequency parameter.

SU‐E‐T‐340: Estimation of the Delivered Fractional and Accumulative Patient Dose in IMRT and VMAT

Purpose: To estimate the delivered dose after each fraction of treatment as well as the delivered accumulative dose distribution. The goal of this project is to develop an automatic verification system using daily images and machine log files. Methods: First, we perform deformable registration from CT to CBCT and correct CBCT artifacts and CT numbers. Due to the limitation of the current scanning protocol, CBCT may not cover the whole treatment region needed for dose reconstruction. In that case, we use deformed CT for dose calculation which has correct CT number as well as daily patient geometry within whole treatment region. With machine log files, we generate actually delivered fluence maps at all delivery angles for that fraction. Then a GPU‐based Monte Carlo dose calculation package, gDPM, is employed to get delivered fractional dose on deformed CT or corrected CBCT. To compare the planned dose with the delivered dose, the delivered dose on new daily image is transferred back to the original CT geometry using the deformation vector fields obtained in the first step. This procedure is employed for each fraction to get the accumulative dose on original CT. Results: We demonstrate this treatment verification system on VMAT patients. We plot the DVHs for delivered and planned dose distributions and summarize the absolute errors in dose matrix report. Conclusions: We have proposed a procedure to estimate the delivered fractional and accumulative patient doses in IMRT and VMAT. If big errors are observed in the dose matrix report, then a warning should be sent out to responsible personnel, so the error can be indentified and corrected promptly.

A method of automatic verification of Coriolis flowmeters in the field

A design of an inertial Coriolis flowmeter based on reading of information by force gauges is proposed. Variants of elements of the design of an automatic verification system are described and an explanation of the operating principles of the elements and means of signal processing is given.

Fingerprint Recognition with Identical Twin Fingerprints

Fingerprint recognition with identical twins is a challenging task due to the closest genetics-based relationship existing in the identical twins. Several pioneers have analyzed the similarity between twins' fingerprints. In this work we continue to investigate the topic of the similarity of identical twin fingerprints. Our study was tested based on a large identical twin fingerprint database that contains 83 twin pairs, 4 fingers per individual and six impressions per finger: 3984 (83*2*4*6) images. Compared to the previous work, our contributions are summarized as follows: (1) Two state-of-the-art fingerprint identification methods: P071 and VeriFinger 6.1 were used, rather than one fingerprint identification method in previous studies. (2) Six impressions per finger were captured, rather than just one impression, which makes the genuine distribution of matching scores more realistic. (3) A larger sample (83 pairs) was collected. (4) A novel statistical analysis, which aims at showing the probability distribution of the fingerprint types for the corresponding fingers of identical twins which have same fingerprint type, has been conducted. (5) A novel analysis, which aims at showing which finger from identical twins has higher probability of having same fingerprint type, has been conducted. Our results showed that: (a) A state-of-the-art automatic fingerprint verification system can distinguish identical twins without drastic degradation in performance. (b) The chance that the fingerprints have the same type from identical twins is 0.7440, comparing to 0.3215 from non-identical twins. (c) For the corresponding fingers of identical twins which have same fingerprint type, the probability distribution of five major fingerprint types is similar to the probability distribution for all the fingers' fingerprint type. (d) For each of four fingers of identical twins, the probability of having same fingerprint type is similar.

A framework of multitemplate ensemble for fingerprint verification

How to improve performance of an automatic fingerprint verification system (AFVS) is always a big challenge in biometric verification field. Recently, it becomes popular to improve the performance of AFVS using ensemble learning approach to fuse related information of fingerprints. In this article, we propose a novel framework of fingerprint verification which is based on the multitemplate ensemble method. This framework is consisted of three stages. In the first stage, enrollment stage, we adopt an effective template selection method to select those fingerprints which best represent a finger, and then, a polyhedron is created by the matching results of multiple template fingerprints and a virtual centroid of the polyhedron is given. In the second stage, verification stage, we measure the distance between the centroid of the polyhedron and a query image. In the final stage, a fusion rule is used to choose a proper distance from a distance set. The experimental results on the FVC2004 database prove the improvement on the effectiveness of the new framework in fingerprint verification. With a minutiae-based matching method, the average EER of four databases in FVC2004 drops from 10.85 to 0.88, and with a ridge-based matching method, the average EER of these four databases also decreases from 14.58 to 2.51.

Automated optical inspection system for digital TV sets

This article proposes a real-time test and verification system for full-reference automatic image quality assessment and verification of digital TV sets. Digital camera is used for acquisition of the TV screen content in order to ensure quality assessment of the content as perceived by the user. Test has been executed in three steps: image acquisition by camera, TV screen content extraction and full-reference image quality assessment. The TV screen content is extracted from the captured image in two steps: detection of the TV screen edge and transformation of the TV screen content to dimensions of the reference image. Three image comparison methods are incorporated to perform full-reference image quality assessment. Reference image for quality assessment is obtained either by grabbing the image from TV set or by capturing the TV screen content on the golden sample. Digital camera was later replaced with DSP-based camera for image acquisition and algorithm execution which brought significant performance improvements. The comparison methods were tested under constant and variable illumination conditions. The proposed system is used to automate the verification step on the final production line of digital TV sets. The time required for verification step decreased by a factor of 5 when using the proposed system on the final production line instead of a manual one.

Offline signature recognition using neural networks approach

The fact that the signature is widely used as a means of personal verification emphasizes the need for an automatic verification system because of the unfortunate side-effect of being easily abused by those who would feign the identification or intent of an individual. A great deal of work has been done in the area of off-line signature verification over the past few decades. Verification can be performed either Offline or Online based on the application. Online systems use dynamic information of a signature captured at the time the signature is made. Offline systems work on the scanned image of a signature. In this paper, we present a method for Offline Verification of signatures using a set of simple shape based geometric features. The features that are used are Area, Center of gravity, Eccentricity, Kurtosis and Skewness. Before extracting the features, preprocessing of a scanned image is necessary to isolate the signature part and to remove any spurious noise present. The system is initially trained using a database of signatures obtained from those individuals whose signatures have to be authenticated by the system. The details of preprocessing as well as the features depicted above are described throughout the discussion. Then artificial neural network (ANN) was used to verify and classify the signatures: exact or forged, and a classification ratio of about 93% was obtained under a threshold of 90%.The implementation details and simulation results are discussed in the thesis.

Hidden Signature for DTW Signature Verification in Authorizing Payment Transactions

Traditional use of dynamic time warping for signature verification consists of forming some dissimilarity measure between the signature in question and a set of “template signatures”. In this paper, we propose to replace this set with the hidden signature and use it to calculate the normalized errors of signature under verification. The approach was tested on the MCYT database, using both genuine signatures and skilled forgeries. Moreover, we present the real-world application of the proposed algorithm, namely the complete biometric system for authorizing payment transactions. The authorization is performed directly at a point of sale by the automatic signature verification system based on the hidden signature.

Automated verification of shape, size and bag properties via user-defined predicates in separation logic

Despite their popularity and importance, pointer-based programs remain a major challenge for program verification. In recent years, separation logic has emerged as a contender for formal reasoning of pointer-based programs. Recent works have focused on specialized provers that are mostly based on fixed sets of predicates. In this paper, we propose an automated verification system for ensuring the safety of pointer-based programs, where specifications handled are concise, precise and expressive. Our approach uses user-definable predicates to allow programmers to describe a wide range of data structures with their associated shape, size and bag (multi-set) properties. To support automatic verification, we design a new entailment checking procedure that can handle well-founded predicates (that may be recursively defined) using unfold/fold reasoning. We have proven the soundness and termination of our verification system and built a prototype system to demonstrate the viability of our approach.

SU-GG-T-258: Quality Assurance of Plan Parameter Integrity before and during Treatment

Purpose: As a part of initial and ongoing quality assurance, it is necessary to ensure that changes made after the physician approves a plan will not cause a deviation from original intent. Although plan parameters are electronically transferred, few plans are often prepared per case. Past the physician's approval, the specific plan is further modified, and is manually chosen for transfer in our multi-vendor environment. During treatment, parameters are also modified by therapists and physicians. We created an automated verification system to document (1) proper TP-RV parameter transfer of the plan, and (2) constancy of treatment parameters on a weekly basis. Method and Materials: A macro (Excel®, Microsoft, Seattle, WA) gathers the TP (Eclipse®, Varian, Palo Alto, CA) and the RV (MOSAIQ®, IMPAC, Sunnyvale, CA) outputs. The macro registers in each modality patient name, ID, prescription, and field parameters. Field parameters include modality, energy, gantry and collimator angles, couch position and angle, aperture definition (cone size or jaw and MLC leaf positions for all segments), wedge angle, and bolus thickness. The Macro then reviews each Eclipse-MOSAIQ parameter pair. The number of parameter-pairs ranges from 30 for a single electron field, to as many as 200,000 pairs for an IMRT plan. Basic plan checks are built into the software, such as ensuring the prescription is complete, all parameters are entered and do not exceed machine limits. Results: Gathering both outputs and conducting the review is usually performed within 5 minutes. Since the Eclipse data is already available during the weekly comparison, retrieving the MOSAIQ portion and reviewing is performed in 2 minutes. Conclusion: The algorithm was used for the past year on about 500 patients. The generated report highlights outliers, allowing the reviewer to consider general plan appropriateness, rather than focus on the minutia of each parameter.