Automatic Speed Control Research Articles

Smart Zone-Based Vehicle Speed Retarding System Utilizing Radio Frequency (RF) in Electronic Vehicles

The proposed system aims in designing an efficient automatic wireless vehicle speed control in low-speed zones using RF communication. The advent of new high-speed technology and the growing computer capacity provided realistic opportunity for new robot controls and realization of new methods of control theory. This technical improvement together with the need for high performance robots created faster, more accurate and more intelligent robots using new robots control devices, new drivers and advanced control algorithms. The proposed method uses RF transmitter and receiver modules for establishing wireless communication, DC motors for the vehicle movement controller. The status of the project will display on LCD display. The controlling device of the whole system is a Microcontroller to which RF receiver module, DC motors are interfaced through a motor driver. Whenever the vehicle enters into a low-speed zone, the data from RF transmitter of low-speed zone will be received by the vehicle system. The microcontroller in the vehicle system automatically slows down the speed to the speed limit of that zone. The microcontroller checks the data with the program embedded in it and performs appropriate actions on the electric motors. The microcontroller is programmed using Embedded C language.

Design and test of reel speed control system for soybean combine harvester in the strip intercropping mode

At present, the speed of the reel of soybean combine harvester is mainly adjusted manually, and basically does not have the ability to automatically adjust the speed of the reel according to changes in crops or working speed. In the maize-soybean strip intercropping mode, soybean plants are densely planted. During harvesting, the feeding rate increases, making it even more necessary to adjust the reel speed according to the growth status of the crops. This article uses PLC as the main control platform to design a reel speed control system for the existing combine harvester. Tests have shown that the control system can meet the requirements for reel speed control. The relative error of the reel control system’s speed test is 2.6%, the relative error of the operating speed is 6.77%, and the maximum relative error of the automatic control of the reel speed is 5.38%. Compared with traditional reel, it reduces header loss by 2.12%. The soybean combine harvester reel speed control system designed in this article can realize automatic adjustment of the reel speed, reduce feeding losses caused by changes in crop height, changes in feed volume, and untimely adjustment of the reel, and can reduce header loss, increased crop yield.

Parametric correction in the control system of the electric propulsion of autonomous underwater vehicles affected by random inputs

The paper deals with the problem of controlling a DC propulsion motor of an autonomous underwater vehicle using a bidirectional non-isolated DC-DC converter. An automatic speed control system with a parametric controller was developed in the Matlab / Simulink package. To reduce energy conversion stages, dc-dc converters are often used to control dc motors AUV. The result of the work is an adaptive control system for the speed of the AUV propeller, which would provide high accuracy for a wide range of speeds and at the same time limit the maximum current and voltage at the armature. The indicators of the quality of performance in various modes of operation were determined, maps of the controller settings were compiled, and parametric correction was introduced. The operation of the system is analyzed and drawbacks are eliminated, such as voltage surges when switching from one speed to another, a decrease in overshoot and settling time. The performance of the system is analyzed under the conditions of random inputs from the propeller. The description of the laboratory stand for the study of the control system is given. A description of the laboratory study of the operation of the "DC converter—engine" system under conditions of random fluctuations in the moments on the motor shaft is given. It is shown that the proposed system has shown itself well under laboratory conditions and the experimental results are consistent with modeling in Matlab / Simulink.

Optimizing passengers’ experience: A goal-oriented reinforcement learning speed control approach for urban railway trains

Prolonged vibration can be uncomfortable for passengers utilizing urban rail transit systems. This study proposes an automatic speed control framework for urban railway trains to reduce vertical vibrations experienced by passengers. We suggest the concept of the “segmented comfort speed limit” to represent the vertical passing comfort of oncoming sections. This speed limit is calculated from 1/3 octave band acceleration and smoothed through lag-type speed control mode. The deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm with hindsight experience replay mechanism (HER-DDPG) is designed, to balance safety, comfort, and energy efficiency driving. Verify the speed control framework based on HER-DDPG through the rail data collected from Dalian Metro Line 12. Compared with the DDPG-based model, the vertical comfort is improved by 2.34%, and the longitudinal acceleration and total energy consumption are reduced by 45% and 8.1%. Compared with the real-world train control trajectory, HER-DDPG improves vertical comfort by 9.76% and reduces energy consumption by 12.4%. The results show that the proposed framework can effectively improve the ride experience of passengers.

IOT Based Automatic Electric Vehicle Accident Prevention and Speed Control

IOT Based Automatic Electric Vehicle Accident Prevention and Speed Control

Intelligent Sinter Machine Speed Control System Using Optimized Fuzzy Logic Controller: An Experimental Study in Iron and Steel Plant

Intelligent control systems developed for production facilities significantly contribute to production efficiency and quality. Using intelligent control systems has now become a necessity in iron and steel sintering plants that produce millions of tonnes annually. Automatic control of the sinter machine speed, which directly affects production efficiency and quality, is one of the first issues to be addressed. The complexity of the sintering process, being affected by many variables, and the nonlinearity of these variables make it difficult to control the machine speed. This study demonstrates that we have overcome this challenge using a fuzzy logic controller (FLC), which is optimized with an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS). The FLC we have designed operates with the characteristic point of the thermal state, the mixture level, the vacuum average, and the current speed parameters. We achieved an average success rate of 95%. The developed system automatically controls the speed of the sinter machine with high accuracy, independent of the operator. The system we have developed is used continuously at the Iskenderun Iron & Steel Co. sinter plant. The results obtained from the production facility show that the developed system captures the thermal change in the sinter pallet and manages the machine accordingly, increases the sintering efficiency by at least 10%, and ensures process safety. These results revealed that the developed system can be used effectively in the iron and steel industry and the use of the system will increase efficiency.

Using the thermodynamic processes features to assess the diesel power plants technical condition

The results of studying the thermodynamic processes features and analyzing the prospects for using their characteristics to assess the technical condition of diesel power plants are contained in the paper. A structural diagram of a ship power plant, which is proposed to be considered consisting of separate components of mechanical part, thermodynamic part, fuel supply system and automatic speed control system equal in degree of influence on efficiency is proposed. The theoretical analysis results of the joint operation of the mechanical and thermodynamic components of the diesel power function have shown that the temperature of the working surfaces is an important characteristic of the power plant technical state. The concept of the thermodynamic component in this case refers to a combination of fuel combustion processes and combustion product expansion. To improve the design and efficiency of power plants operation, it is necessary to further study the in-cylinder fuel combustion processes and develop operational methods for monitoring the thermal state of diesel internal combustion engines. Control of changes in functional dependencies of working medium temperature on operating conditions and technical condition can in practice contribute to increase the efficiency of ship power plants operation. The experimental studies of the thermal imaging methods prospects to assess the diesel engines technical condition are carried out. It is found that the control reliability increases with an increase in the size of the diesel engine frame due to a decrease in the intensity of the dynamics of temperature equalization of individual cylinders. At the same time, the most expedient and informative is the control of the temperature of the diesel engine exhaust manifold, carried out during the heating of the cold engine or immediately after its completion.

Utilization of PWM Signals in Automatic Parking Gate Speed Control Using PID System Modeling

Utilization of signals (Pulse Width Modulation) on the l298n motor driver and PID controller (Proportional Integral Derivative) is often used in industries, especially those that require robots as their automation medium, so that a process in robot automation does not only design system modeling, but is also required to implement a control system. angular position on a DC motor using the PID model. The PID control system in this study utilizes speed control with a PWM signal in the l298n motor driver and is applied as a DC motor angle position control module which is used for the parking doorstop system. The use of the trial error method is a suitable choice to be applied in finding values for the PID position control. This system keeps the speed and position in accordance with the set point when given a load as well as the ability of the system to catch up with the speed and position in order to reach the set point when the motor starts running are very important factors as a measure of speed and position control performance. because of its effectiveness, in the implementation of the parking gate latch produces a standard configuration of the PID controller with parameters Kp, Ki and Kd that can be determined so that the plant characteristics match the expected design criteria. In the trial error method, the most effective value was obtained with Kp = 10, Ki, 1.9 and Kd = 0.8 which resulted in steady state and no overshoot.

Determination of orientation parameters and automatic wind wheel speed control

The design of the wind wheel and storm protection will help greatly improve the performance and safety of the wind-powered water-lifting unit. This, in turn, will contribute to improving the quality of life of rural residents. The authors of this study developed the design of a wind-powered water-lifting unit. The research aims to develop a wind-powered water-lifting unit with a capacity of up to 2.5 m3/hour, resistant to hurricane gusts of wind, with automatic control of wind wheel speed. The mathematical expressions used consider the force of the airflow and the screen area of the side blade, which takes the plane of the wind wheel out of the wind when it increases to values above the permissible operating wind speed. Numerical methods were used to calculate the forces on the spring returning the wind wheel plane to the initial position at different wind speeds. The dependences of the effect of airflow velocity on the free rotation of the wind wheel, i.e., without its running out of the wind, have been determined.

ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ДИНАМІЧНИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ВИНЕСЕНОГО ПРИВОДА ПОДАЧІ З ЕЛЕКТРОМАГНІТНИМ ГАЛЬМОМ КОВЗАННЯ ВИДОБУВНОГО КОМБАЙНА

Purpose. It consists in increasing the speed of the speed control of the remote feed drive with an electromagnetic sliding brake by reducing the time of current transients in the excitation winding of the electromagnetic brake. Reducing the time of the transient processes of reducing the excitation current is achieved by using a bipolar controlled rectifier, which controls the excitation current of the brake, instead of a unipolar one. In addition, the implementation of a new drive control system requires the installation of an excitation current sensor. Methodology. Due to the significant nonlinearity of the mathematical model of the drive with the electromagnetic sliding brake, the synthesis and research of the automatic speed control system has been performed on a simulation model built in the Simulink environment of the MATLAB system. The evaluation of the obtained results is performed by comparative modeling for identical conditions of the existing industrial system and the synthesized one. Results. The synthesis and model study of the proposed control system with a remote drive with the electromagnetic sliding brake with a bipolar controlled rectifier and the logic of the latter's operation have been performed. Comparative studies have shown the high efficiency of a new structure of the drive speed control system compared to the existing industrial control system. Scientific novelty. A new structure of the control system by remote feed drive with an electromagnetic slide brake with better dynamic and protective characteristics has been proposed. Practical significance. Reducing the time of reduction of the EGC excitation current provides a faster response of the feed drive to overloading of the drive of the executive bodies and, therefore, a decrease in the probability of overturning of the electric motor of the drive of the executive bodies, as well as a reduction of peak forces in the traction chain when the combine is stopped. Keywords: mining shearer, remote feed drive, electromagnetic sliding brake, automatic control system, transient processes.

Automatic speed controller of a DC motor using Arduino and Variable Frequency Drive techniques

Automatic speed controller of a DC motor using Arduino and Variable Frequency Drive techniques

Accelerated Limitation of Frequency Reduction and Increase in Frequency in Small Power Systems

The article is devoted to the issues of preventing shutdowns of generating equipment, in particular, gas piston units (GPU) in low-power power systems (LPPS) during active power gains/resets. A review of management and decision-making methods for preventing emergency shutdowns of power units at a power plant with its subsequent repayment, large frequency deviations in low-power power systems is carried out. The simulation of the automatic speed controller of the LPPS station is performed and its effect on frequency control in case of an imbalance of active power is considered. The requirements are substantiated and the algorithm of a special queue (express) of automatic frequency unloading (SQ AFU) is proposed.

Research into the Beetle Antennae Optimization-Based PID Servo System Control of an Industrial Robot

Industrial robot speed control remains a critical aspect for efficient operations, especially given the challenges of nonlinearity and multivariable characteristics inherent to servo motor control systems, as well as energy inefficiencies due to a lack of automatic speed control. This study refines an existing control algorithm, beetle antennae optimization (BAO), by integrating elements of particle swarm optimization (PSO) and a beetle antennae search algorithm (BAS), further enhanced by chaos mapping and an adaptive weighting factor. These modifications aim to improve the algorithm’s search capabilities and mitigate the risks of settling into local optima. Unlike previous iterations, this study includes rigorous dynamic and stability analyses focusing on key performance metrics such as settling time, overshoot, and steady-state error. Comparative Simulink/MATLAB modeling demonstrates that the enhanced BAO algorithm significantly outperforms traditional PID control, BAS, and adaptive weighted-PSO in reducing static error, overshoot, and adjustment time under various conditions, including scenarios with external disturbances. Our results indicate a 60% improvement in the optimization performance of speed curve metrics, confirming the enhanced efficacy and robustness of the robotic control system. This research offers valuable insights into the advantages of the refined BAO algorithm, providing a comprehensive basis for its practical application in industrial robotic control systems.

Design of Temperature Based Automatic Fan Speed Controller Using Arudino

This paper is an independent automatic fan speed controller that uses an electronic circuit made out of an Arduino board to control the speed of an electric fan in accordance with the requirements. This closed-loop applications feedback-control system is effective and reliable due to the use of embedded technology. Since the Arduino board is one of the most innovative controller circuits, we used it to regulate the speed of the fans. The proposed framework is designed to ascertain the room's temperature and transmit that information to the Arduino board. At that time, the Arduino board runs a built-in programme that calculates the difference between the current temperature and the target temperature.

Система автоматического управления скоростью маневрового тепловоза в режиме горочной работы

Purpose: The importance of developing automatic speed control systems for hump-shunting diesel locomotives is demonstrated. Using as an example a shunting diesel locomotive of Type TEM7A a mathematical description is provided of electric power transmission as a final controlling element of the automatic control system and of a train as a control object. A flow-chart of the control system is generated and the system’s principle of operation is designed so as to ensure the main requirements to the hump-shunting locomotives are met. The PI speed controller is developed with parameters that provide for a maximum second-order integral accuracy of speed control. Methods: Controller’s optimum values are found using the Monte Carlo simulation. Results: The results of a simulation modeling are presented. Practical significance: The designed control system is found to ensure a smooth transient response and to maintain a given value of speed within the range of 15 km/h when pushing over a hump or at breaking up, providing for an increased shunting capacity of new generation hump yards featuring shunting control systems.

Automatic Speed Control of DC Series Motor by Using Arduino

Automatic Speed Control of DC Series Motor by Using Arduino

Design and Implementation of an Improved Automatic DC Motor Speed Control Systems Using Microcontroller

Energy wastage is one of the major challenges that is facing the world now as there is insufficient supply of energy and the little ones supplied was not appropriately used. This energy wastage has made many researchers to engage more on the research to stop this energy waste as a result of inappropriate allocation of energy to some devices even when they don’t need it. This research work was able to design and implement an improved automated DC Motor speed controller system using microcontroller successfully. The software used for this research work were Fritzing software and Arduino Nano. This project was able to improve on the working system of the DC Motors and energy was automatically and successfully saved. The system runs entirely on Bluetooth technology which consumes less power than other devices. The Android application is user-friendly with enhanced Wireless communication. This design was successfully developed and implemented with 80% accuracy. The design was able to work effectively by increasing the cutting speed when the softness of the material decreases and as the cutting tool material becomes stronger, the cutting speed increases. This showed that the design is effectively and efficiently developed with less energy/power consumption which is the earnest desire of an Engineer as it reduces cost. Keywords: Microcontroller, Improved Automatic DC Motor, Energy, Arduino, PWM

Vision Navigation Based PID Control for Line Tracking Robot

In a controlled indoor environment, line tracking has become the most practical and reliable navigation strategy for autonomous mobile robots. A line tracking robot is a self-mobile machine that can recognize and track a painted line on the floor. In general, the path is set and can be visible, such as a black line on a white surface with high contrasting colors. The robot’s path is marked by a distinct line or track, which the robot follows to move. Several scientific contributions from the disciplines of vision and control have been made to mobile robot vision-based navigation. Localization, automated map generation, autonomous navigation and path tracking is all becoming more frequent in vision applications. A visual navigation line tracking robot should detect the line with a camera using an image processing technique. The paper focuses on combining computer vision techniques with a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller for automatic steering and speed control. A prototype line tracking robot is used to evaluate the proposed control strategy.

Сокращение расхода электроэнергии грузовыми магистральными электровозами 2(3)ЭС5С при работе в энергоэффективном режиме по итогам эксплуатационных испытаний

Purpose: To evaluate the reduction in power specific consumption by freight mainline loco-motives 2(3)ES5S when operating in power-efficient mode (automatic speed control in com-bination with discrete-adaptive switch on/off of Traction Electric Drive depending on an in-stantaneous load), obtained from the results of operational tests. Methods: Array records analysis of on-board recorder made it possible to establish the nature of the dependence of locomotive efficiency degree from its power consumption. Way for controlling multi-engine traction electric drive efficiency in traction mode has been developed and patented. Computer modeling has allowed to obtain preliminary estimate to increase power efficiency. Speed au-tomatic controller block is built using finite automation theory method. The proposed changes, aimed at locomotive power efficiency improvement, have been introduced into top-level con-trol system. Final ratings of power consumption have been obtained during operational trials. Results: The analysis of results obtained during two trips on about 7-thousand-ton mass trains along section with hilly profile of 108 km length is presented. Ceteris paribus, during second trip, when electric locomotive was operating in power-efficient mode (discrete-adaptive con-trol of operating traction drive number in combination with speed automatic control), specific consumption reduction of electric power for traction was achieved on 25% in comparison with the first trip when all 12 traction motors were constantly working. Practical importance: Long-term development program of JSC Russian Railways provides for cost consistent reduc-tion for electric power that’s a purchased (consumed) product. In particular, optimization is planned in such direction as reducing specific consumption of power and fuel for train trac-tion.

Design analysis and performance evaluation of a self-locking hydrostatic differential for automated agriculture spray vehicle

The differential is an important part of the automobile transaxle. The purpose of the differential is to distribute power to the two rear wheels and provide differential speed to the vehicle wheels when the vehicle takes a turn. Conventional transaxle of the automobile has clutch, gear box and differential in the power train which makes the transaxle very heavy and also automatic control of the system is difficult, as one has to control the clutch and brake arrangement simultaneously. Single plate clutch is commonly used as the transmission element in most transmissions for four wheeler vehicles. Agriculture vehicles and farming equipment like tractors and Tillers, Sprayers etc., also use a similar automobile transmission. With the shortage in labour and also increase in labour expenses there is a trend to automate the farming equipment to save time and labour cost. The major challenges in automation is the clutch control which is presently manual, and the automatic clutch control in the high end vehicles cannot be used due to the high cost, complexity of design. Hence in order to carry out the automatic control of vehicle an automatic speed control, differential control and brake control is needed. The project work aims at design and development of hydrostatic transmission differential locking system for an automated agriculture vehicle where in the differential drive and control arrangement will be both hydraulically operated. The components will be designed using Unigraphix software and the numerical analysis of the components will be done using Ansys work bench. Further the developed hydrostatic differential lock model will be tested to determine the performance characteristics of the drive.