Automatic Light Research Articles

Brief Paper: Combining Object Detection and Hand Gesture Recognition for Automatic Lighting System Control

Recently, smart lighting systems are the combination between sensors and lights. These systems turn on/off and adjust the brightness of lights based on the motion of object and the brightness of environment. These systems are often applied in places such as buildings, rooms, garages and parking lot. However, these lighting systems are controlled by lighting sensors, motion sensors based on illumination environment and motion detection. In this paper, we propose an automatic lighting control system using one single camera for buildings, rooms and garages. The proposed system is one integration the results of digital image processing as motion detection, hand gesture detection to control and dim the lighting system. The experimental results showed that the proposed system work very well and could consider to apply for automatic lighting spaces.

Make Way: An Intelligent Real Time Traffic Light Control System

Nowadays, automatic traffic light control is becoming an important requirement for travelers and number of road users especially for emergency service providers such as ambulance drivers, fire fighters etc... Various alternatives have been proposed, but it has certain limitations.One such example is using an RF transmitter mounted on the ambulance which will communicate with the RF receiver mounted on the signal post in the traffic control system. A special algorithm is provided to control the traffic signals automatically by pressing the key provided in the keybord on the ambulance by the driver.But in this case, there is big trouble for car accidents or road accidents, because of automatic adjustment and a large number of vehicles, and there is a problem of delay in first aid service, with these overcrowded roads. This paper describes a solution that is "Intelligent Ambulance with Automatic Traffic Control” which includes the accident detecting, alerting and tracking mechanism with an automatic traffic light controlling system to overcome this delay of first aid service. An ambulance can thereby easily finde a freeway to reach the victim in a minimal time and thereby providing first aid as soon as possible. This is possible by using an RF transmitter on the ambulance which will communicate with the RF receiver mounted on the signal post in the traffic control system. To control the traffic signals automatically, and to move towards the location in minimal time, a specific algorithm is proposed in this paper. Thus, the traffic light gets controlled by the intelligent ambulance itself, in such a way that it could provide free path to the ambulance[1].

PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN LAMPU OTOMATIS TERHADAP HASIL DAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA PADA MATA KULIAH FISIKA LISTRIK

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengunaan media pembelajaran lampu otomatis dalam kegiatan pembelajaran khususnya pada mata kuliah fisika Listrik. Subjek penelitian ini adala mahasiswa program studi teknik komputer STMIK Dian Cipta Cendikia Kotabumi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif yaitu data yang berhubungan dengan angka-angka yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan perhitungan statistik. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara tes dan angket. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis diskriptif sedangkan untuk uji hipotesis dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji t. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada peningkatan motivasi belajar menggunakan media pembelajaran pada mata kuliah fisika Listrik pada mahasiswa Prodi Teknik Komputer STMIK Dian Cipta Cendikia Kotabumi Semester genap tahun 2019. Daripenilaian angket didapatkan hasil sedangkan dan = 0,05 dari tabel kritis product moment, sehingga . Dari analisis tersebut dapat dipatan nilai korelasi antara nilai x dan y pada kata gori tinggi dengan koefisien korelasi antara interval 0,6 – 0,8.Sedangkan pada hasil belajar didapatkan peningkatan skor hasil tes rata 19,9 atau 49,2% dari skor rata-rata awal.

BEHAVIORAL VERIFICATION OF INTERNET OF THINGS SYSTEMS BY PETRI NETS

The rapid development, implementation in all spheres of human activity and the growing responsibility of the functions of the Internet of things systems tighten and complicate the requirements for the reliability of their design decisions at the development stages and operability during the implementation of implementations. Well-known methods of verification of projects and implementations are based on the means of systemic, structural, functional, design and technological analysis and synthesis of Internet of things systems. However, their capabilities do not underestimate the feasibility of developing formalized models and verification methods. This study presents the elements of technology and the steps of the behavioral verification methodology of functional level projects for Internet of things systems represented using Petri nets. General verification is represented by three stages - the analysis of the correctness of the general structural and functional properties, the actual verification of inter-level and inter-component interactions, behavioral online and offline testing in the class of functional type errors. In the proposed analysis, the basic entities and relationships of the Internet of things systems are determined and verified architectural level, defining the structure, components, functions, interfaces, asynchronous-event interactions and represent elements of Petri nets - their positions, transitions, arcs, functions, markup. Online and offline testing for dynamic verification of the behavior of the Internet of things systems is carried out on the basis of, respectively, the background or special formation of many process threads in the Petri net, activated during its modeling and covering the Petri net objects. This paper presents general estimates of resource and time costs for the design of Internet of things systems without verification and with verification, showing their reduction in the event of design errors, redesign and application of verification. Verification is illustrated by the example of Petri nets simulating an automatic lighting system.

IMPLEMENTATION OF SOLAR INVERTER FOR HOME, GARDEN, STREET LIGHT APPLICATIONS

This paper is written to enhance the use of resources in developed as well as developing countries. In this digital world, use of technology is very advanced and we prefer things to be done automatically without any human efforts. This project also helps to reduce human efforts. Also it is very useful to conserve resources. In today's world, there is a continuous need for automatic appliances. With the increase in standard of living, there is a sense of urgency for developing circuits that would ease the complexity of life. Also if at all one wants to know the number of people present in room so as not to have congestion, this circuit proves to be helpful. "Automatic room light controller with visitor counter" is a reliable circuit that takes over the task of controlling the room lights as well us counting number of persons/ visitors in the room very accurately.

Automating RTI: Automatic light direction detection and correcting non-uniform lighting for more accurate surface normals

Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI) (Malzbender et al., 2001) is a photometric stereo technique that enables the interactive relighting of the object of interest from novel lighting directions, and an estimation of surface topography through the calculation of surface normal vectors. We propose a novel, fully automated technique for correcting common lighting errors in RTI and markedly improve the accuracy of surface normal estimation, as well as increasing the legibility of low relief surface variations. This moves RTI from the qualitative domain (e.g. enabling the reading of weathered inscriptions) into the quantitative domain of computer vision. RTI assumes only light direction, and not received intensity, changes as the object is imaged. Like other authors we show that this assumption is false and propose a novel method to correct for it. However, we estimate the lighting directions automatically, unlike other proposed correction techniques. Our method also requires no calibration equipment, meaning it can be easily retrofitted to any existing stack of RTI photographs. We increase the simplicity of the standard highlight RTI method by automatically detecting lighting directions and maintain its appeal to non-imaging professionals.

Energy Saving Generated Through Automatic Lighting Control Systems According to the Estimation Method of the Standard EN 15193-1

Energy Saving Generated Through Automatic Lighting Control Systems According to the Estimation Method of the Standard EN 15193-1

How effective is AAL? Results from an RCT among older persons in Austria

Abstract Background Many older people wish to remain in their own environment for as long as possible; an aim shared by the wider community. Here the results of the RegionAAL study (Steiermark, Austria) are reported. Methods An RCT was implemented to evaluate a programme of interventions (e.g. medication, drink and physical activity reminders, automatic light systems, watches to detect falls, video telephone with carers). Data was collected via quantitative questionnaires at baseline, 6 months and 1 year regarding quality of life and carers’ burden. Results 111 persons and 104 carers took part in the intervention group; 110 participants and 100 carers in the control group. Participant characteristics were similar at baseline. Average age was 76 years. Around 1/3 were formal carers. A tendency for more persons in the control group to require assistance after one year could be observed. The subscales autonomy and participation of the WHOQOL-OLD showed some significant declines in the control group (no deterioration in the intervention group). No differences between study arms regarding general health, chronic conditions or hospital admissions were observed. Expected reduction in worry among carers could not be observed, although there was a tendency for some aspects of burden to be reduced. The interventions did not lead to a reduction in carers’ workload; neither did the carers see any direct improvement of their situation. Conclusions Some technologies such as cognitive games on the tablet, portable door bell and automatic light sensor were positively assessed. The participants in the intervention group scored better on autonomy and participation subscales than the control group; the intervention group also fared somewhat better regarding independence. The technologies had little influence on general health states or quality of life of participants or carers. Further good quality studies are needed before AAL technologies are considered as a public health initiative. Key messages AAL may reduce aspects of worry among carers and prevent age-related decline in autonomy, participation and independence among older persons but not have an effect on general health status or burden. AAL has only a very limited impact upon general health status or quality of life of older persons and the general burden experienced by carers.

Investigation of day light levels in a room within a building

This work investigates natural light levels inside a room in Electrical & Information Engineering building, Covenant University, Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria. In order to reduce the amount of energy used on lighting, it is imperative to make the utmost use of natural daylight. The use of windows are one traditional solution, other solutions are skylights and light pipes; atria and light wells; domes and arches; structural glass which are all discussed. In high temperature regions, it is necessary to reduce the amount of sunlight entering the room because light produces heat. With the use of a Light Dependent Resistor (LDR sensor), results are presented to study the day light levels in a room by measuring the light levels at various parts of the room; by measuring the proportion of light entering through the window and measuring how the light level changes over a 24 hour period. The outcome of this work is the study and development of a system that can monitor light levels in a building. The application of this work extends to determining the period of the day when daylight is maximal in order to reduce energy cost, building an automation system for the automatic lighting of dark areas within a building as well as monitoring energy consumption used to light p a building. Further extension will be to make predictions on the natural light level based on the data available.

Low Cost Automatic Street Light Control System With and Without Relay

modern society entirely depends on electricity for daily life. It has become the key component for modern technology, without electricity most of the equipments which we are using daily will not work at all. Internet is our gateway for knowledge and we also depend on it a lot to get the things which are surrounding us very easily. Under this situation we are not using proper electrical energy in case of street lights. Street lights are perfect solution for night base loads at most of the utility companies during 1930’s were seeking for night timed base loads especially coal based power plants. In India approximately 40 million street lights are there which will generates a total demand of 4000 MW. The cost required to satisfy this demand will also very high. In most of the places maintenance of street lights is very poor. Even though several technologies have used to automatic control of street light but they may turn into several failures because of high cost, improper maintenance, environmental effects on the components or some other major issues. In this paper a low cost maintenance free automatic street light control system is proposed which can be used with relay al well as without relay by using basic electronics components. A small experimental set up has done in laboratory and it can be concluded that the street light automatically turns on and off depends on the darkness of the environment. It can be implemented anywhere irrespective of environmental conditions without any maintenance.

A Novel Self-Organizing Approach to Automatic Traffic Light Management System for Road Traffic Network

Traffic network is basically a “network of networks” consisting of mainly two types of networks: road network and a travel network. Due to drastic increase in population of vehicles, traffic congestion in metro cities of India is a severe problem. To resolve this use, we have proposed an approach to dynamic and automatic road traffic light management system. The approach is based on arithmetic mean theorem. The input to the control interface of traffic light of proposed approach are six different parameters : velocity of traffic units (v), queue length (l), inter-arrival time between vehicles (t), centrality measures value(c) and predicted value (prdt v) of traffic congestion by historical database and output is level of congestion. On the basis of congestion level, we build inference rules. The proposed approach automatically updates duration of green and red light as per the level of congestion at a particular junction. Proposed approach follows forward reasoning of If–Then rules. A study of this approach is done in this paper on various traffic situations of Delhi, India depending on queue length of vehicles.

IoT based Automatic Light Control with Temperature Monitoring and Alert mechanism

Currently, energy saving has become one of crisis that needs to be addressed by the entire world as it is known that energy saved is energy produced. Especially, power consumption at home plays a major role in energy saving. At times, the light is on when people forget to switch off the light while leaving the room. This may lead to waste of energy and economy issues. Thus, it is the need of the hour to propose automatic light control system that turns on and off automatically based on the human presence in the room. Sensors are used to detect the human presence in the room which automatically controls the light. Also, the proposed system alerts the user through mail when the room temperature is increased beyond certain level through temperature and humidity sensors.

Design of an Automatic Light Intensity Control System and Image Processing Algorithm for the Development of an Assistive Drug Screening Device

Drug abuse, also called substance abuse is a disorder that is characterized by a destructive pattern that leads to problems and distress. It continues to be a significant problem in the world, with millions of adolescents and adults use illicit drugs, including the Philippines. To identify if the person is drug user, methods like urine testing, blood testing, hair and sweat testing has been used in different drug testing centres. Errors and faults may easily alter the interpretation of test result depending on the process of collecting a sample. One can cause false positive result if there is contamination and adulteration. However, testing’s requires time to comprehend the result. Therefore, study was made to provide alternative drug testing methodology with the main capability is to develop a light illuminating system that regulates the amount of light entering to the pupil, the image processing method to identify pupil size with an accuracy of not less than 95%, and also giving a result within less than 5 minutes. The objective of the project is to develop a device that can determine if a person is impaired by drugs or not. A total of 20 positive drug patients that are newly admitted at Camp Bagong Diwa Rehabilitation Center Philippines and 10 people who didn’t took drug were sampled. Based on the testing conducted, 20 positive drug patient was identified to be True by the device while the 10 patients who didn’t took drug at all was identified to have 1 patient only to be positive & resulted as error. After thorough testing and evaluation by the client, the device yielded to 96.67% accuracy and the requests of the client being small and portable is achieved. The accuracy of the device proved that the objectives were met based on the needs of the client.

Phlebotomine (Diptera: Psychodidae) fauna in a cavern containing cave paintings and its surrounding environment, Central-West Brazil

The interior of caves usually presents climate, light, soil, flora and fauna that distinguish it from the external environment. Among the sandfly species found in caves, several may act as vectors of Leishmania spp. and others are a nuisance to humans due to their painful bites. This study sought to identify the phlebotomine fauna in a cavern with cave paintings (“Gruta do Pitoco”) which attract tourists in Alcinopólis municipality, Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil. The sandflies were collected from March 2014 to September 2015, with automatic light traps, installed monthly, in the entrance and interior of the cave and outside it. A total of 7645 specimens belonging to 27 species were collected. Lutzomyia dispar, Martinsmyia oliverai and those of the Lu. longipalpis complex (Lu. cruzi and Lu. longipalpis) were the predominant species. Among the three environments sampled, no great difference between species richness was observed. Comparing these environments, the interior of the cave presented the lowest diversity index due to the high frequency of Lu. dispar (46%). For the first time, specimens (only females) of the genus Deanemyia were collected in Mato Grosso do Sul state. Moreover, the study revealed the sympatric occurrence of Lu. cruzi and Lu. longipalpis, both proven vectors of L. infantum, and also Lu. dispar, a highly anthropophilic species, which often causes annoyance to those who visit the cave.

Design and Development of Automatic Traffic Light control system

Design and Development of Automatic Traffic Light control system

Moth assemblages in Costa Rica rain forest mirror small‐scale topographic heterogeneity

AbstractIn many tropical lowland rain forests, topographic variation increases environmental heterogeneity, thus contributing to the extraordinary biodiversity of tropical lowland forests. While a growing number of studies have addressed effects of topographic differences on tropical insect communities at regional scales (e.g., along extensive elevational gradients), surprisingly little is known about topographic effects at smaller spatial scales. The present study investigates moth assemblages in a topographically heterogeneous lowland rain forest landscape, at distances of less than a few hundred meters, in the Golfo Dulce region (SW Costa Rica). Three moth lineages—Erebidae–Arctiinae (tiger and lichen moths), the bombycoid complex, and Geometridae (inchworm moths)—were examined by means of automatic light traps in three different forest types: creek forest, slope forest, and ridge forest. Altogether, 6,543 individuals of 419 species were observed. Moth assemblages differed significantly between the three forest types regarding species richness, total abundance, and species composition. Moth richness and abundance increased more than fourfold and eightfold from creek over slope to ridge forest sites. All three taxonomic units showed identical biodiversity patterns, notwithstanding their strong differences in multiple eco‐morphological traits. An indicator species analysis revealed that most species identified as characteristic were associated either with the ridge forest alone or with ridge plus slope forests, but very few with the creek forest. Despite their mobility, local moth assemblages are highly differentially filtered from the same regional species pool. Hence, variation in environmental factors significantly affects assemblages of tropical moth species at small spatial scales.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.

Automatic traffic light controller for emergency vehicle using peripheral interface controller

Traffic lights play such important role in traffic management to control the traffic on the road. Situation at traffic light area is getting worse especially in the event of emergency cases. During traffic congestion, it is difficult for emergency vehicle to cross the road which involves many junctions. This situation leads to unsafe conditions which may cause accident. An Automatic Traffic Light Controller for Emergency Vehicle is designed and developed to help emergency vehicle crossing the road at traffic light junction during emergency situation. This project used Peripheral Interface Controller (PIC) to program a priority-based traffic light controller for emergency vehicle. During emergency cases, emergency vehicle like ambulance can trigger the traffic light signal to change from red to green in order to make clearance for its path automatically. Using Radio Frequency (RF) the traffic light operation will turn back to normal when the ambulance finishes crossing the road. Result showed the design is capable to response within the range of 55 meters. This project was successfully designed, implemented and tested.

PlantTalk: A Smartphone-Based Intelligent Hydroponic Plant Box.

This paper proposes an IoT-based intelligent hydroponic plant factory solution called PlantTalk. The novelty of our approach is that the PlantTalk intelligence can be built through an arbitrary smartphone. We show that PlantTalk can flexibly configure the connections of various plant sensors and actuators through a smartphone. One can also conveniently write Python programs for plant-care intelligence through the smart phone. The developed plant-care intelligence includes automatic LED lighting, water spray, water pump and so on. As an example, we show that the PlantTalk intelligence effectively lowers the CO2 concentration, and the reduction speed is 53% faster than a traditional plant system. PlantTalk has been extended for a plant factory called AgriTalk.

Design, construction and calibration of automatic street light controller using Light Dependent Resistor (LDR)

Automatic street light power saving system using the Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) is a simple and powerful concept, to switch ON/OFF the street light system automatically. It automatically switches ON the streetlight when the sunlight goes below the visible region of our eyes and switches OFF the streetlight when ample amount of sunlight is available. From this work, it was observed that the implementation of LDR in streetlight circuit design would reduce the running cost of street lightning system by 51.7%. Keywords: Streetlight, Energy, Light, Dependent, Resistor

Research on energy-saving lighting control system of tram station based on traffic and passenger flow information

In order to meet the needs of passengers waiting for the trams, an energy-saving lighting control system of tram station is proposed based on the detection of illumination information, driving in and out of the station information, station passenger flow information. The system can change the lighting control module according to the different conditions of the station, so as to control the opening and brightness of the lighting source and reduce the energy waste caused by the using of the lighting source in the non-necessary period. The system realizes fully automatic lighting energy-saving control of the tram station by making full use of traffic and passenger flow information. The lighting control system can automatically switch according to its internal preset mode, reducing the operation cost of the station.