Automatic Billing System Research Articles

Smart Trolley with Automated Billing System

This paper talks about an innovative approach in enhancing the shopping experience through the introduction of smart technology in traditional shopping carts. The project highlights the development of a Smart Trolley with an Automated Billing System that utilizes ESP32 microcontroller and PN532 NFC/RFID scanner. Both NFC and RFID technologies are incorporated in the project to streamline the shopping process by allowing automatic item detection and initiating the billing process as items are placed in the cart. For the bill to be accessed by the user, the bill not only gets displayed on the LCD screen attached to the trolley but is also sent to the user’s Telegram account since a Telegram bot is created for sending the bill to the user directly on their phones. The main objective here is to reduce checkout times and enhance the overall efficiency in retail environments. The addition of Telegram bot to the project makes it even more user friendly and innovative in the market

AUTOMATIC AMOUNT CALCULATION SYSTEM - SMART ENERGY METER USING IOT

In today's reality, Automatic frameworks are being favored over manual frameworks. The quick increment in the number of clients of the web over the previous decade has made the Internet an integral part of life, and IoT is the most recent and rising web innovation. Electricity is one of the fundamental necessities of human beings, it is commonly used for domestic, industrial, and agricultural purposes. These days, power theft is the main issue, costing electricity boards a lot of money and creating payment issues for customers. In our country, these situations are more often. If these thefts are prevented then a lot of power can be saved. This is done using a Smart EB meter. An energy meter chip is used in SEMs to measure the amount of electric energy used, and wireless protocols are used for data transmission. This project presents an EB meter box via automatic billing system by display. electricity continues to rise, the existing grid faces challenges related to aging infrastructure, poor visibility, and mechanical switches. Additionally, greenhouse gas emissions from the electricity industry and other stressors necessitate grid modernization. The proposed smart energy meter leverages Internet of Things (IoT) technology, enabling two-way data communication over LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network). These are this system's salient characteristics. The meter incorporates theft and tamper detection capabilities. Users receive notifications in case of any unauthorized interference. Key Words: Internet of Things (IoT), Light-dependent resistor (LDR), ESP8266 Microcontroller (NodeMCU), Liquid-crystal display, LoRaWAN, Energy Meter.

An Automated Billing System for Smart Shopping Using Internet of Things

Shopping malls can be crowded, making long checkout lines frustrating. This proposal outlines a "smart cart" system to streamline the billing process. The trolley has a RFID reader and camera to read the tags and capture images respectively. This trolley has two more cameras at two sides of the trolley to capture the images of the objects in the rack. This can accurately detect the objects and later the product has entered into the cart. The main objective of this project is to reduce the time required for this Accounting system at bill counters. If you want to remove a product you added, you will need to rescan the product. In case the object is not detected by the barcode then the camera attached to the RFID reader captures the images of the product and stores to cart using the Database. This is done using a smart shopping system based on RFID. Items that are put in a smart shopping cart are read one by one and the bill is generated and displayed. After completion of shopping, customers can exit the shop with their bills deducted automatically from their e-Wallet.

Prediction of Stock with On-Go Billing Cart using IoT and Advanced Interdisciplinary Approaches

Modern technology has significantly improved the quality of life for humans. However, with the increase in technology usage, there has been a rise in the number of people visiting shopping malls. As a result, the billing process has become more time-consuming, and customers often have to wait in long queues to get their goods billed. To address this issue, we propose the development of a smart shopping cart system that uses RFID and Arduino to keep track of purchased products and generate bills automatically. The main objective of this paper is to reduce the time consumed in the billing process. Our On-go billing Cart with an Automatic Billing System will use an EM-18 RFID Module and Arduino.

Automated Scanner Service in India

Abstract: The introduction of automated billing systems in shopping trolleys can simplify the arduous process of waiting on the bill counter during rush hours in supermarkets. The system consists of an RFID reader controlled by Arduino and a database linked to the supermarket's backend that provides product information. The trolley has a barcode scanner, Raspberry Pi, LCD display, load cell, buzzer, and a touch screen interface for self-scanning and managing products. The wireless smart device records all scanned products and connects to the supermarket's database. The shopper is informed of the total bill at any point during shopping, and the button pressed at the end displays the total amount to be paid. The technology aims to provide selfservice checkout trolleys and identify cost-effective replacements for checkout counters. The focus is on modern and efficient operations that save time and reduce manpower, contributing to a better shopping experience for customers.

Smart Trolley Billing System

Originally we used to induce bill in the paper format and also latterly we use the technology. The barcode scanner was used to read and overlook the barcodes. But latterly, we concentrated on the smart trolley billing system using RFID label which is a digital storehouse device that's used for identification and the information recording. A anthology can pierce or read the data into the RFID markers through the electromagnetic induction. A stoner can only use the RFID label without the power consumption. When the client bought the product, he she firsts overlook the RFID label of the product using the RFID anthology and put into the trolley. While copping the products client needs to overlook the RFID label of the product, a price of the product is taken and stored in the system’s memory. When a person goes for shopping in any boardwalk also he she takes trolley and after completed the shopping he she has to go to the counter for billing. Billing is done with barcodes which is veritably time consuming process. In this technology, we bear surveying each and every item grounded barcode markers attached to that item. It has to done by man power since we need to overlook each marker manually. And another disadvantage is that barcode can not read from long distance. So, our main end is to design automatic billing system which grounded on Radio frequence Identification.

Smart Billing System Using Arduino

Abstract: The modern technology has increased the standard of living for the humans. With the advancement of technology, the level of acceptance of people of all ages towards electronic gadgets is increasing steadily. Electronic gadgets such as barcode scanner smart card reader and RFID scanner are gaining more and more usage in various kinds of industries. So with the help of these we came up with this innovative project is of an automated billing system which can be placed at a side where the customer is flexible to use at any time. This automated payment system consists of a RFID reader which is controlled by Arduino. So, whenever the customer places the tag it is detected by the RFID module and is displayed on LCD along with the price of the item. As the customer goes on adding items, all items are detected by the module and therefore the price will increase accordingly. In case if customer changes his/her mind and doesn’t want any item added to the bill he/she can remove it and the price added will be deducted automatically. At the end of the entire process the total amount to be paid will be displayed. We can also pay the bill using the mobile application in the app itself. The mobile application is operated by the Wi-Fi module used in the hardware implementation. After the payment the bill will generate successfully. Hence this technique is an appropriate method to be used in places like hotels so this will help in reducing manpower and helps in making a better billing experience for customers.

Low Cost Prepaid Energy Meter

Many industries require a certain amount of electrical power. Prepaid metering, with its unique performance in the Internet of Things (IoT), tends to be an efficient power management system by providing cost-effective prepaid electricity services to the industrial sector. Errors can occur at any stage of the energy billing process, including errors in electromechanical meters, human errors during meter reading, and errors in processing paid and unpaid bills. A prepaid energy meter is the solution to these problems. In this work, prepaid energy meters were developed to reduce energy consumption in the industry. The introduction of this prepaid meter will contribute to improving energy management, saving energy, and eliminating fraudulent billing. Automated billing systems track consumption in real time, eliminating the possibility of fraudulent billing and consumption disputes. A prepaid energy meter was developed using current and voltage sensors, and the energy meter was tested with a load connected to a 220 V power supply. Energy meters are connected to the cloud to create a user alert system.

Image-Based Automatic Energy Meter Reading Using Deep Learning

We propose to perform an image-based framework for electrical energy meter reading. Our aim is to extract the image region that depicts the digits and then recognize them to record the consumed units. Combining the readings of serial numbers and energy meter units, an automatic billing system using the Internet of Things and a graphical user interface is deployable in a real-time setup. However, such region extraction and character recognition become challenging due to image variations caused by several factors such as partial occlusion due to dust on the meter display, orientation and scale variations caused by camera positioning, and non-uniform illumination caused by shades. To this end, our work evaluates and compares the state-of-the art deep learning algorithm You Only Look Once (YOLO ) along with traditional handcrafted features for text extraction and recognition. Our image dataset contains 10,000 images of electrical energy meters and is further expanded by data augmentation such as in-plane rotation and scaling to make the deep learning algorithms robust to these image variations. For training and evaluation, the image dataset is annotated to produce the ground truth of all the images. Consequently, YOLO achieves superior performance over the traditional handcrafted features with an average recognition rate of 98% for all the digits. It proves to be robust against the mentioned image variations compared with the traditional handcrafted features. Our proposed method can be highly instrumental in reducing the time and effort involved in the current meter reading, where workers visit door to door, take images of meters and manually extract readings from these images.

Shopping trolley for automated billing system with pick and place mechanism using image processing

In the realm of individual E-business transactions, many people engage in purchasing various items from markets and shopping centers to fulfill their basic needs. Despite the numerous challenges faced by customers, a prevalent issue is the time-consuming process of waiting in line for billing, even when the purchase involves only a couple of items. This traditional method of queuing up, handling cash transactions, and the average time spent on each customer becomes particularly burdensome in crowded grocery stores and shopping malls .Customers, especially those inclined towards embracing new technologies, are eager for innovations that streamline the billing process, reducing waiting times and overall transaction duration. The primary objective is to meet the essential needs of customers and, importantly, alleviate the time spent on the billing process. The proposal is to transition from the conventional waiting-in-line approach to a system where the billing is completed within the shopping trolley itself. This paper introduces a technological solution that facilitates a seamless shopping experience, utilizing Raspberry Pi and other advancements. The proposed system is wellsuited for implementation in general shopping centers such as supermarkets, D-mart, Big Bazaar, and Walmart. The technology aims to significantly reduce time consumption, offering an enhanced shopping experience for customers.

Development of automated billing system in shopping malls

Development of automated billing system in shopping malls

Smart Shopping with Automated Billing System Using Zigbee and RFID

In the future, smart commerce will serve as a platform for smart cities. This method is fully automated, and billing may be completed without the assistance of a cashier. It is a mobile gadget that will be installed in the PICk and Drop basket (trolley) at department shops. Billing can be done via a swipe machine or by using their smart phones to access online banking. Instead of a bar code reader, we utilise RFID. Each item will be assigned an ID number, allowing for easy billing. In addition, the product update will be transmitted to the server. As a result, if any of the products becomes null, an alert will be sent to the main server or the master PC administrator. The bill will be sent to the customer's cellphone number through GSM. ZIGBEE is used to communicate from the trolley to the main server. We employ a PIC microcontroller in our suggested system, which is cost and performance efficient. The ultimate goal of this article is to automate billing and move India closer to being a Digital India. Time may be saved for the client, and manpower can be decreased.

Gesture Based Shopping Cart With Automated Billing System

Shopping is the process of purchasing the needs from the Grocery stores and Shopping Carts are useful for humongous offline purchases done by customers. These days online shopping is on trend. So People are always motivated to purchase their needs directly from grocery stores and get them without any time delay. Here, we come up to make their shopping more convenient by turning the simple shopping cart into a smart cart. In this paper Gestures based shopping cart is going to be an encouragement in the field of supermarkets. A customer need to purchase their groceries in the supermarket. When we go to the supermarket, we need to spend time locating the product and also it seems to be hectic to stand in a queue for billing and payment. Here, we have proposed to develop a smart trolley which is improvised by automated moving, automated bill generator with payment options and locate items easily using a map. Gestures, Display, Image Processing & Motion Detection are the concepts under Gestures based shopping cart.

WITHDRAWN: RFID Based Smart-Cart system with automated billing and assistance for visually impaired

Nowadays in shopping complexes and departmental stores, we use trolleys to collect things and get it billed in the billing counter. By doing so there exists an inordinate delay when the products are individually checked and billed. This delay may lead to long queues in the billing counter. Especially during rush hours, this wastes our valuable time as well as create discomfort. In the existing system, the shop owners need to monitor customer activities and maintain staff for manual checking of every commodity and its billing. Further, manual stock maintenance is performed. In order to overcome the above issues, we have proposed an advanced retail system using RFID enabled smart-cart with automated billing system. RFID readers are used to read the product tag while dropping into the trolley and taking out of the trolley. When the product is dropped inside the trolley a reader sends an appropriate product ID, quantity and price to the microcontroller. At the same time the updated bill amount will be displayed in the cart LCD. Similarly, when the product is taken out of the trolley another RF reader sends the product ID which is removed from the bill and the updated bill amount is displayed in the LCD. During both events the product and billing details are sent to the remote PC along with cart ID. When the customer finished the purchase, final bill is generated for the cart and the bill amount is displayed to the customer. This system also updates the stock of the product after every billing session. It also contains a smart stick that identifies the object using the same RFID technology for the blind people. Whenever, the stick is kept near the product, the information is announced through voice IC and speaker. Thus the proposed system avoids queuing, and gives us a pleasant shopping experience. In the shop owner’s view, this system reduces the need for surveillance and the manpower.

SMART TROLLEY USING IOT

Smart shopping trolley system helps customers while shopping. The trolley has an automatic billing system, and it follows the movement commands provided by the user by using hand gesture. An android application is installed in customers mobile. The products purchased by the customer and their cost will be automatically updated to the android application through internet and that bill will automatically send to the billing counter system in the shop. This helps customer by replacing tedious process of pulling and pushing the trolley and saves time spent in the billing counter. The Automated Shopping Trolley is a Smart Trolley which integrates with ultrasonic sensor, Arduino, Wi-Fi module, weigh sensor in it. The scanned items by the customer using mobile app which will automatically log into the shopping cart and thereby can generate bill for items selected. These modules are integrated into an IoT system and are tested to satisfy the functionality.

Security in Low Powered Wide Area Networks: Opportunities for Software Defined Network-Supported Solutions

The Internet of things (IoT) has revolutionized the use of connectivity and has given birth to new transmission technologies to satisfy the requirements of diverse IoT applications. Low powered wide area networks (LPWAN) is one of those transmission technologies, and is becoming exceptionally useful for IoT applications. The nodes use energy-efficient mechanisms for long-range data transmission (10–20 km), lasting in hostile environments for years and making them suitable for IoT applications such as environmental monitoring, automated billing systems, smart homes, smart offices, and patient monitoring. However, LPWAN devices have minimal resources, which makes it challenging to provide promising security to devices and data in the network. In this paper, we discuss the security mechanisms used in current LPWAN technologies along with their vulnerabilities and possible attacks on them. A detailed literature review is conducted on existing solutions on the security of constrained IoT networks similar to LPWAN using different networking frameworks. The reviewed literature is then compared based on various network security measures addressed by them. In addition, the emergence of software defined network (SDN) architecture for security in IoT is explained based on literature. Finally, the applicability of SDN in LPWAN security, its opportunities, and challenges in implementation are discussed.

Rfid Based Smart Trolley for Automatic Billing System

The modern technology has increased the standard of living for the humans and the large crowds are seen at shopping malls. To save time for the customers,it is important to reduce the process of the billing time. This is done using smart shopping system based on RFID. Items that are put in a smart shopping cart are read one by one and the bill is generated and displayed. After the final bill is generated, the customer pays the bill by using their Pre-charged cards provided by the shopping mall. The aim is to reduce the time consumption needed for the billing system.

Automated Billing Cart Using Arduino

Shopping is simple but waiting on a bill counter makes shopping too boring and a tedious task. The vast amount of rush and cashier preparing the bill with a barcode scanner is too time-consuming and results in long ques. In this project smart cart consists of an automated billing system. So, this automated payment system consists of an RFID reader which is controlled by Arduino. So, whenever the customer puts any product in trolley it is detected and scanned by the RFID module, and the price of the product is displayed on LCD.

Automatic Shopping Trolley Using IoT

Nowadays activities such as shopping at big malls is really increasing in various cities. We can see huge crowd at the shopping malls on public holidays ,weekends and specially during the festivals which can cause rush at the billing counters. After purchasing the products the customers need to wait in long queues at the billing counter for payments. At billing counter the cashier needs to scan each product using barcode scanner for calculating the amount of product to generate a bill which is very time consuming. In this project, we are going to implement the RFID card scanner on the trolley itself and an automatic billing system in the shopping malls using the WI-FI to transfer the data into the database . The structure of the trolley consists of a door which will block the products to be entered without scanning for security purpose. The trolley has the inbuilt product code reader. The use of product code reader is to read the RFID cards/tags attached to all products to define the name ,weight ,quantity and price of the products. Depending on the signal from the reader, the controller display the name and price of the each product on the LCD display. The wireless billing system is uses the Wi-Fi for data transfering to the cashier . A load cell has been attached so that even if the RFID is not read, the weight of the product is also been measured. If the weight of the products appears to be more than displayed on the LCD screen product code reader then an error message in billing system so that bill can be generated only for the scanned products.

An initiative to implement immediate postpartum long-acting reversible contraception in rural New Mexico

Over the past decade, many states have developed approaches to reimburse for immediate postpartum long-acting reversible contraception. Despite expanded coverage, few hospitals offer immediate postpartum long-acting reversible contraception. Immediate postpartum long-acting reversible contraception implementation is complex and requires a committed multidisciplinary team. After New Mexico Medicaid approved reimbursement for this service, the New Mexico Perinatal Collaborative developed and initiated an evidence-based implementation program containing several components. We sought to evaluate timing of the implementation process and facilitators and barriers to immediate postpartum long-acting reversible contraception in several New Mexico rural hospitals. The primary study outcome was time from New Mexico Perinatal Collaborative program component introduction in each hospital to the hospital's completion of the corresponding implementation step. Secondary outcomes included barriers and facilitators to immediate postpartum contraception implementation. In this mixed-methods study, conducted from April 2017 to May 2018, we completed semistructured questionnaires and interviews with 20 key personnel from 7 New Mexico hospitals that planned to implement immediate postpartum long-acting reversible contraception. The New Mexico Perinatal Collaborative introduced program components to hospitals in a stepped-wedge design. Participants contributed baseline and follow-up data at 4 time periods detailing the steps taken towards program implementation and the timing of step completion at their hospital. Qualitative data were analyzed using directed qualitative content analysis principles based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Investigators conducted 43 interviews during the 14-month study period. Median time to complete steps toward implementation-patient education, clinician training, nursing education, charge capture, available supplies, and protocols or guidelines-ranged from 7 days for clinician training to 357 days to develop patient education materials. Facilitators of immediate postpartum contraception readiness were local hospital clinical champions and institutional administrative and financial stability. Of the 7 hospitals, 4 completed all Perinatal Collaborative implementation program components and 3 of those piloted immediate postpartum long-acting reversible contraception services. Two publicly funded hospitals currently offer immediate postpartum long-acting reversible contraception without verification of payment for the device or insertion. The third hospital piloted the program with 8 contraceptive devices, did not receive reimbursement due to identified flaws in Medicaid billing guidance and does not currently offer the service. The remaining 3 of the 7 hospitals declined to complete the NMPC program; the hospital that completed the program but did not pilot immediate postpartum long-acting reversible contraception did so because Medicaid billing mechanisms were incompatible with their automated billing systems. Participants consistently reported that lack of reimbursement was the major barrier to immediate postpartum long-acting reversible contraception implementation. Despite the New Mexico Perinatal Collaborative's robust implementation process and hospital engagement, most hospitals did not offer immediate postpartum long-acting reversible contraception over the study period. Reimbursement obstacles prevented full service implementation. Interventions to improve immediate postpartum long-acting reversible contraception access must begin with implementation of seamless billing and reimbursement mechanisms to ensure adequate hospital payments.