Autochthonous Grapevine Varieties Research Articles

Aroma potential of three autochthonous grapevine varieties from Tunisia

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims</strong>: The aim of the present work is to characterize the aromatic profiles of three Tunisian autochthonous grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) varieties (Asli, Beldi and Ferrani).</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: The GC-MS analysis of the autochthonous grapevine varieties studied allowed identifying 38 volatile compounds in the free fraction and 36 glycosidically bound aroma compounds. Volatile C6 compounds were typical for the studied varieties especially for Asli variety. The analysis of the liberated aglycones through enzymatic hydrolysis show that a-terpineol and cis linalool oxide pyran that did not appear as free aroma compounds were found with significantly highest concentration in Asli grape juice. Also, 3-oxo-a-ionol and 3-hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-b-ionol were found only under their glycosidically bound forms with significantly higher concentrations in Asli and Ferrani than in Beldi grape juices.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusion</strong>: The results obtained in the present work show qualitative and quantitative differences in the aroma profiles among the studied varieties. However, non-terpenyl compounds were the most abundant aroma substances in the three studied varieties.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance and impact of the study</strong>: The present work characterize, for the first time, the aromatic profiles of three Tunisian autochthonous grapevine varieties (Asli, Beldi and Ferrani) and constitutes a major contribution to the aroma chemistry of these three grape varieties.</p>

VARIETAL AROMA COMPOUNDS OF VITIS VINIFERA CV. KHAMRI GROWN IN TUNISIA

ABSTRACT The aroma composition of the grape juice of Khamri, a native variety of Vitis vinifera grown in Tunisia, was investigated for the first time. A total of 27 free and 20 glycosidically bound compounds were identified by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry. According to the obtained results, the aroma compounds were C6 alcohols, benzene compounds, terpenes, acids and norisoprenoids. On the basis of gas chromatography‐olfactometry, these compounds were grouped, according to volatiles exhibiting the identical odor quality, into 10 groups of the same character (aromatic series) as a way of establishing an aroma profile for the studied variety. The high glycosidically bound norisoprenoid concentrations and the absence of the bound form of the acids were a positive factor for the Khamri variety potential aroma.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThis article aimed on the identification of the unknown Tunisian grapevine varieties that are very well adapted to the arid conditions and that could have a good quality. The discovery of unknown autochthonous grapevine varieties with good aroma and pomological characteristics could be of great importance for the agriculture sector all over the world especially the arid regions.

Determination of relationships among autochthonous grapevine varieties (Vitis vinifera L.) in the Northwest of the Iberian Peninsula by using microsatellite markers

Fifty six grapevine varieties traditionally grown in the Northwest region of the Iberian Peninsula were analysed for six microsatellite loci, in order to determine the relationships among them as well as the plant material that should be collected and preserved in germplasm banks. Previous morphological and molecular results were taken into account for assessment of the existing synonymies among accessions from different European countries. Percent distribution of the main alleles was calculated. Multivariate analysis was carried out and similarities among the studied material were described and commented.

Identification of autochthonous grapevine varieties in the germplasm collection at the ITA of "Castilla y León" in Zamadueñas Station, Valladolid, Spain

During the last decades a study of the grapevine collection located at the Zamadueñas Station of the Instituto Tecnológico Agrario de Castilla y León (ITACyL) was carried out. Recently, molecular markers have been used for varietal identification and detection of the possible synonymies in the collection. This work shows the results of that characterisation, as well as the detected synonymies and homonymies in the study. The maintenance of the existing plant material is recommended, particularly with reference to the varieties with a marked risk of extinction because they are not presently object of new plantations.

Incidence of virus infection in old vineyards of local grapevine varieties from Majorca: implications for clonal selection strategies

Three autochthonous grapevine varieties of Majorca (Spain) were analyzed for the presence of viruses listed by the international certification programs. Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) screenings were performed in 193 vines from 46 vineyards included in a clonal selection. Virus-free vines were only 6.4%, 9.6% and 11.5%, in Manto Negro, Callet and Moll, respectively. Infections by grapevine leafroll associated viruses (GLRaVs) were ascertained in 71%, 78% and 60% of Manto Negro, Callet and Moll vines, respectively. Each variety was also highly infected by Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) and Grapevine fleck virus (GFkV). The percentage of plants displaying multiple infections was 58.4% in Manto Negro, 63.8% in Callet and 42.6% in Moll. Thus, it was very difficult to find virus-free clones with suitable agronomic characteristics to be considered as a reference for the grape market. In order to obtain certified propagation material under such conditions of endemic viral infection, sanitation should be the main focus in clonal selection processes. However, the time and financial requirements for proper sanitation process bring to consideration the need to use, at least temporarily, standard multiplication material while certified clones are achieved.