Authoritarian Leadership Style Research Articles

Leadership factors for cardiopulmonary resuscitation for clinicians in-hospital; behaviours, skills and strategies: A systematic review and synthesis without meta-analysis.

To identify leadership factors for clinicians during in-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Systematic review with synthesis without meta-analysis. The review was guided by SWiM, assessed for quality using CASP and reported with PRISMA. Cochrane, EMBASE, PubMed, Medline, Scopus and CINAHL (years of 2013-2023) and a manual reference list search of all included studies. A total of 60 papers were identified with three major themes of useful resuscitation leadership; 'social skills', 'cognitive skills and behaviour' and 'leadership development skills' were identified. Main factors included delegating effectively, while being situationally aware of team members' ability and progress during resuscitation, and being empathetic and supportive, yet 'controlling the room' using a hands-off style. Shared decision-making to reduce cognitive load for one leader was shown to improve effective teamwork. Findings were limited by heterogeneity of studies and inconsistently applied tools to measure leadership. Traditional authoritarian leadership styles are not wanted by team members with preference for shared leadership and collaboration. Balancing this with the need for team members to see leaders in 'control of the room' brings new challenges for leaders and trainers of resuscitation. All clinicians need effective leadership skills for cardiopulmonary resuscitation in-hospital. Nurses provide first response and ongoing leadership for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Nurses typically display suitable skills that align with useful resuscitation leader factors. What were the main findings? Collaboration rather than an authoritarian approach to leadership is preferred by team members. Nurses are suitable to 'control the room'. Restricting resuscitation team size will manage disruptive behaviour of team members. PROSPERO Registration: CRD42022385630. No patient of public contribution.

The Influence of Authoritarian Leadership Style and Work Discipline on the Performance of Lamongan Regency Government Employees

This writing aims to determine the relationship between work discipline and the performance of government employees in Lamongan Regency who are subject to an authoritarian leadership style. This quantitative writing sample consisted of 62 respondents collected at the Lamongan District Fisheries Service. Documentation and questionnaire techniques were used to collect data for this writing. Assessment of the validity and reliability of instruments, multiple linear regression analysis, calculation of the coefficient of determination, hypothesis testing through partial and simultaneous trials, are used as data analysis methods. Based on the writing findings, employee performance is significantly influenced by authoritarian leadership and work discipline. The performance of employees at the Lamongan District Fisheries Service is mainly influenced by authoritarian leadership.

Influence of Leadership Style on TQM Implementation in Champions Breweries, PLC, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

This study examined the influence of leadership style on Total Quality Management (TQM) implementation effectiveness at Champions Breweries in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Successful TQM adoption relies on leadership approaches that empower employees and catalyse engagement in continuous improvement. However, research shows authoritarian leadership styles focused on control remain prevalent in Nigerian firms, potentially hindering quality management. However, only some studies have quantitatively assessed the linkage between leadership style and TQM success in the Nigerian context. This study, addressed this gap by investigating whether Champions Breweries' leadership style impacted the effectiveness of TQM implementation. Quantitative survey methodology, gathered data from 218 employees on perceptions of leadership behaviours and TQM programme success. Descriptive statistics, revealed that an authoritarian leadership style, characterised by top-down decision-making, command-and-control behaviours, and limited employee empowerment prevailed. ANOVA results demonstrated a significant relationship between this authoritarian leadership style and reduced TQM implementation success. The findings align with studies showing that authoritative approaches focused on control rather than empowerment undermine quality management through reduced engagement and initiative-taking. To strengthen TQM outcomes, Champions Breweries should implement leadership training focused on participative management skills, decentralise organisational structure, and align talent management systems, to participative leadership. The study, provides empirical evidence that leadership style significantly impacts TQM success in Nigerian firms. Evolving from authoritarian paradigms is essential to build cultures of quality, which should be predicted on leadership training, reform performance management and rewards system amongst other as some of the recommendation.

Assessing the Effectiveness of Leadership Styles among Nurses in Tertiary Hospitals of Peshawar

Background: The healthcare sector increasingly recognizes the importance of leadership styles in shaping the work environment, employee satisfaction, and patient care outcomes. Leadership within nursing teams, particularly in tertiary hospitals, plays a crucial role in addressing the challenges of healthcare delivery and staff retention. The diversity in leadership styles—authoritarian, democratic, and laissez-faire—offers various approaches to managing nursing teams and influencing healthcare outcomes. Objective: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of different leadership styles among nurses working in tertiary hospitals in Peshawar and to explore their impact on nursing practice and healthcare delivery. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was employed, involving 240 nurses from Khyber Teaching Hospital and Lady Reading Hospital in Peshawar. Participants were selected using a convenience sampling technique. A structured questionnaire, comprising socio-demographic items and leadership style assessments, was utilized for data collection. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 25, focusing on frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations to evaluate the distribution of leadership styles. Results: The majority of participants reported a high range of authoritarian (44.2%), democratic (44.2%), and laissez-faire (46.3%) leadership styles. The prevalence of very high range was significant for authoritarian (43.3%) and democratic (40%) styles, indicating a strong inclination towards these leadership approaches among nursing staff. The study also highlighted a positive association between democratic leadership styles and job satisfaction among nurses. Conclusion: The findings underscore the diversity of leadership styles among nurses in tertiary hospitals in Peshawar, with a notable preference for authoritarian and democratic approaches. This diversity suggests the need for flexible leadership training programs tailored to the dynamic requirements of healthcare settings. Enhancing leadership skills among nurses is crucial for improving healthcare delivery and achieving better patient care outcomes.

Authoritarian leadership and organizational deviance: the mediating role of emotional exhaustion

PurposeThis study investigate the correlation between authoritarian leadership and organizational deviance. Furthermore, it seeks to explore the mediating role of emotional exhaustion in this relationship.Design/methodology/approachThe data were obtained from 398 frontline service employees and their immediate supervisors at 25 five-star hotels. Data were collected on different occasions.FindingsThe results indicate that authoritarian leadership has a positive and significant relationship with organizational deviance. We also conclude that emotional exhaustion mediates the relationship between authoritarian leadership and organizational deviance.Research limitations/implicationsThe present research suggests that managers can decrease emotional exhaustion and, consequently, organizational deviance, by avoiding an authoritarian leadership style. Additionally, the theoretical and managerial implications of the present study can be utilized to reduce organizational deviance.Originality/valueThe present study adds to the existing literature on authoritarian leadership, emotional exhaustion and organizational deviance by offering a possible explanation for how emotional exhaustion mediates the relationship between authoritarian leadership and organizational deviance.

Hubungan Pola Komunikasi Pimpinan Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Dalam Novel Resign Karya Almira Bastari

Communication patterns are one of the important factors that influence employee performance. The right communication pattern will be able to encourage employees to work more and be more productive, so that they can achieve organizational goals. This research is a type of qualitative research with descriptive methods. The data in this statement comes from the novel Resign by Almira Bastari. The novel Resign by Almira Bastari tells the story of the life of an employee named Alranita who works in a consulting office in Jakarta. Alranita experienced various difficulties in her work, one of which was due to her boss's authoritarian leadership style. The communication patterns established by the leadership in the company caused Alranita to feel uncomfortable and unmotivated at work. Based on the analysis of the novel Resign, it can be concluded that communication patterns have a negative influence on employee performance. As a result, employees become less productive and their performance decreases. Therefore, it is important for leaders to understand the application of appropriate communication patterns. Leaders must be able to create a conducive and supportive work environment, so that employees can work comfortably and are motivated.

Leadership Styles and Organisational Performance: Case of Small Businesses in Cameroon Size Businesses in Buea Municipality

This study assesses the relationship between leadership styles and organisational performance for small and medium size organisations in Cameroon. Specifically, it examines the effect of authoritarian leadership style on organisational performance, the effect of democratic leadership style on organisational performance and the effect of transformational leadership style on organiational performance. Using a causal research design, the research selected 100 employees in small and medium size organisations through purposive sampling technique. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used through SPSS version 25 to analyse data. Findings reveal that there is a positive and significant relationship between leadership styles and organizational performance in small businesses studied. Results further reveal that democratic leadership styles do not have a positive effect on organizational performance while authoritarian and transformational leadership style has a positive and significant impact on organisational performance. It was recommended that managers in small and medium size organisations use authoritarian and transformational leadership styles in order to increase performance.

Are Filipinos Really Hate Duterte’s Leadership?

This study aims to determine whether Filipinos genuinely hold negative feelings towards President Duterte’s leadership. It analyzes public opinions through existing surveys, media discussions, and socio-political group actions. Using a descriptive research approach, the study seeks to understand the diverse perspectives on Duterte’s leadership in the Philippines. It explores the reasons behind both support and criticism, taking into account factors such as economic policies, leadership style, and responses to significant events during his presidency. By uncovering the various influences on people’s opinions in a changing political and social landscape, the research aims to provide valuable insights into the complex sentiments surrounding Duterte’s leadership. Despite facing widespread criticism for his authoritarian leadership style, war on drugs, and attacks on the media, President Rodrigo Duterte maintained high levels of public support throughout his presidency. The study concludes that Duterte’s leadership has both strengths and weaknesses, with high approval ratings attributed to his perceived strength, populist messaging, and effective communication. While not universally trusted, Duterte’s ability to connect with a significant portion of the population suggests a willingness among Filipinos to support leaders who promise to address their concerns, even in the face of authoritarian measures. Overall, this research contributes valuable insights into the intricate tapestry of sentiments surrounding Duterte’s leadership, shedding light on the diverse perspectives that define the Filipino public’s stance on their president.

The Influence of Leadership Style on Junior High School Teacher Performance through the Work Environment in Batam City

Educational leadership is measured through leadership styles, including authoritarian, democratic, and transformational. The authoritarian leadership style emphasizes obedience, is democratic, involves participation, and is transformational to create positive change. Another important factor influencing teacher effectiveness is the work environment. This study aims to see the influence of leadership styles, specifically autocratic leadership, democratic leadership, and transformational leadership, on teachers’ performance through the work environment as an intermediate variable. The research method used is a quantitative descriptive method with a sampling technique using the Slovin formula available on the site (https: //www.statology.org/slovins-formula-calcator/,nd), and a sample of 400 teachers from public and private colleges in Batam city. The data collection technique used in this study is a questionnaire via Google Form and a data analysis technique using the SEM method. Analyze the relationship between leadership (authoritarian, democratic, and transformational), work environment, and teacher performance in public and private high schools in Batam City. The results show that democratic and transformational leadership have a positive and significant influence on the work environment and teacher performance. Meanwhile, authoritarian leaders do not have significant influence. The results of this research reflect the importance of a democratic and transformational leadership approach in improving the work environment and Enhancing teachers’ effectiveness during the Education 4.0 era. Adaptation is needed in education and school leadership to be relevant to the demands of an era characterized by high technology and rapid changes in the world of work.

The Leadership Style Of Kh Budi Rahman Hakim Phd (Abah Jagat) In Increasing Teacher Motivation In Pesantren

ABSTRACTThis research aims to describe and analyze leadership styles in enhancing teacher motivation. The research was conducted at Pondok Pesantren Jagat’ Arsy, with KH Budi Rahman Hakim, PhD (Abah Jagat) as the head of the Islamic boarding school as the research subject. Data were obtained through interviews, observations, and documentation. The data analysis technique in this study followed the following procedures: data reduction, data presentation, conclusion, and verification. The results of this research explain the leadership styles applied by Abah Jagat in enhancing teacher motivation, which involves one leadership style and, in certain aspects, different leadership styles. The dominant leadership styles applied are charismatic and transformational leadership, although, on the other hand, an authoritarian leadership style is also implemented. This is reinforced by the leadership functions applied by Abah Jagat and the forms of motivation provided following Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory: a) motivating teachers by fulfilling their physiological needs, b) creating motivation to fulfil teachers’ security needs, c) providing motivation by addressing teachers’ need for affection, d) providing motivation for teachers’ self-actualization needs.Keywords: Leadership Style, Work Motivation, Islamic Boarding School

The Influence of Authoritarian Leadership Style on Employee Performance CV. Globalindo Jaya Palembang

This study aims to examine the effect of authoritarian leadership style on employee performance at CV Globalindo Jaya Palembang. The data in this study was obtained through observation, document study, interviews and distributing questionnaires to all members of 32 respondents. The results of the study partially show that the authoritarian leadership style has no significant positive effect on employee performance at CV Globalindo Jaya Palembang. This research is expected to provide benefits to the company in terms of improving employee performance.

Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Desa Dalam Pelaksanaan Pemerintahan Desa Parsingguran II Kecamatan Pollung Kabupaten Humbang Hasundutan

Leadership Style of the Village Head in the implementation of Village Government in Parsingguran II. Especially in leadership, the village head is still lacking in socializing, communicating and often making his own decisions so that the community does not participate in the village.study aims to determine the leadership style of village heads in village government. graduate ll. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method that provides a clear description of the problems studied by using the Kartono theory of leadership style six indicators of leadership style, namely the ability to make decisions, the ability to motivate, the ability to communicate, the ability to manage emotions, be responsible, the ability to control subordinates. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the leadership style of the village head in village government is an authoritarian leadership style, this is because it focuses all decisions and policies taken from oneself. All division of duties and responsibilities is held by the authoritarian leader. While his subordinates only carry out the tasks that have been given. In an authoritarian leadership style, the leader controls all aspects of the activity. The leader gives what goals he wants to achieve, both major goals and minor goals.

LEADERSHIP STYLES AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF PUPILS IN SELECTED PUBLIC PRIMARY SCHOOLS: A CASE OF SELECTED SCHOOLS IN JINJA, UGANDA

In a bid to address poor academic performance among students in Jinja City primary schools, this study looked into how students' academic performance was affected by school leadership styles within the theoretical framework of the Path-Goal theory of leadership. The goals of the study were to: 1) comprehend how the laissez-faire leadership style affects academic performance; 2) examine the authoritarian leadership style; and 3) ascertain how the democratic leadership style affects students' academic performance. Data collection and analysis were done using a cross-sectional survey design that combined quantitative and qualitative research methods. Using simple random and purposeful sampling techniques, 100 participants were chosen from a target population of 300. Through the use of questionnaires and interview guides, data was gathered. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze the quantitative data, and descriptive analysis was used to find patterns and trends in the qualitative data. The findings revealed that the laissez-faire leadership style significantly affected students' academic performance by 83%. The authoritarian leadership style accounted for 66.7% of the variation in academic performance, while the democratic leadership style contributed 74.1%. The research emphasized the importance of upholding existing school rules, regulations, and goals to enhance students' academic performance. Recommendations include adopting flexible leadership approaches by school heads, emphasizing school rules and regulations, and recognizing the significance of authority in leadership to boost and sustain academic performance. The research also highlighted the value of open communication, guidance, equitable treatment, and equal opportunities for all stakeholders involved in promoting desired academic outcomes in primary schools. The theoretical implication of this study lies in the demonstration that adaption of different leadership styles can be applicable to educational settings to achieve desired goals.Keywords: Leadership Styles; Academic Performance; Path-Goal theory; Educational Outcomes; School Management; Students

Impact of participative and authoritarian leadership on employee creativity: organizational citizenship behavior as a mediator

PurposeThe aim of this study is twofold; to test the effects of participative and authoritarian leadership styles on employee creativity; and to examine whether organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) mediates the relationship between these leadership styles and employee creativity.Design/methodology/approachA survey tool was employed in this research for data collection from the staff at higher education institutions in Malaysia. The collected data were analyzed via PLS-SEM to verify research hypotheses and reach at conclusions.FindingsThe outcomes verified that participative leadership positively affects OCB as well as employee creativity. The findings also demonstrated that authoritarian leadership does not really have any impact on the creativity and OCB of employees. Finally, the results demonstrated that OCB mediates the connection between a leader's participative approach and employee creativity, while its mediating effect among authoritarian leadership and employee creativity is not supported.Originality/valueThis paper addresses research gaps in the existing literature with regards to the role of participative and authoritarian leadership in predicting employee creativity through OCB. There are also scarce research studies on the linkages among the chosen constructs, particularly in higher education context.

Implikasi Gaya Kepemimpinan Kepala Madrasah Perempuan terhadap Kualitas Manajemen di Madrasah Aliyah Assulamy Langko Desa Langko Kecamatan Lingsar Kabupaten Lombok Barat

This study aims to determine the Implications of the Leadership Style of Female Madrasah Principals on Management Quality at MA Assulamy Langko. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach, data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation. This study found that the head of MA Assulamy Langko applied a democratic, authoritarian and situational leadership style. The application of each type of leadership is applied at a certain time. The democratic type is applied in decision making at meetings, the autocratic style type is applied when there is a teacher who continuously violates it so that the madrasah head has his own decision/assessment of the teacher, while the situational type is applied according to the conditions of the teacher, staff and the surrounding environment. Meanwhile, the quality of management at MA Assulamy Langko can be said to be good because the head of the madrasa together with the deputy head of the madrasa and all the teachers work together in improving the quality of management in the madrasa. And the implications of the leadership style of the female principal at MA Assulamy Langko can gradually increase the motivation and discipline of teachers and students.

PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMIPINAN OTORITER DAN LINGKUNGAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN BAGIAN COMPONENT FACTORY DRY BATTERY DIVISION PADA PT SUKINEM MAKMUR ABADI

Entering the era of globalization, the business competition that occurs between companies is getting tougher. The higher the competition and the less economic opportunities and the success rate of a company. So that companies must be able to build and increase the productivity of their employees, the existence of quality human resources in the company plays a role. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of authoritarian leadership style and work environment on the performance of employees of the Component Factory Dry Battrey Division at PT Sukinem Makmur Abadi. The research method used is quantitative research in the form of surveys. The research sample was 100 employees of the Component Factory Dry Battrey Division at PT Sukinem Makmur Abadi. The data collection method uses questionnaires. The data analysis technique uses multiple linear regression tests, partial hypothesis tests using t tests, and simultaneous hypothesis tests using F tests>. (2) There is a significant influence of the work environment on employee performance obtained thitung = 6,840 > ttabel = 1.66, so that H2 is accepted. (3) There is a significant influence of authoritarian leadership style and work environment simultaneously on employee performance, with a regression line equation of Yˆ = 5.155 + 0.373.X1 + 0.449.X2 with the value Fhitung = 35.882 > Ftabel = 4.89, so that H3 is accepted. The conclusion of this study is that the variables of authoritarian leadership style and work environment have a significant effect on employee performance.

The Effect of Authoritarian Leadership Style, Work Motivation, and Discipline on Employee Loyalty

This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the influence of leadership styleauthoritarian, work motivation, and discipline partially and simultaneously to loyaltyemployees at PT. Jayaland Hills Rays. This study uses a quantitative approach with questionnaire data collectiondistributed to 185 respondents. Samples are taken based on o`ne of the techniquesnon-probability sampling , the type of which is purposive sampling. Technical analysis of the data using the test instrument statement on the questionnaire (test validity,and reliability), classical assumption test (normality, linearity, multicollinearity, autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity) and multiple linear regression (multiple correlation test, multiple determination test,partial test and simultaneous test). The results obtained from this study are that there is an influence of leadership styleauthoritarian, work motivation, and discipline partially and simultaneously to loyaltyemployees at PT. Jayaland Hills Ray.

A Study of Leadership Styles of Female Elementary School Principals in Rawalpindi Pakistan

The research investigated the leadership styles of the female school principals. The population was 32 elementary school principals in total in Rawalpindi city of Pakistan. The quantitative research design was utilized by the researchers. For the data collection, a five-point Likert scale questionnaire was used. It was Leadership styles questionnaire 5X rater developed by Northouse in 2008. It was used to measure the Democratic Leadership Style, Authoritarian Leadership Style, and Lassies faire leadership Style. Descriptive and statistical methods were used to analyse the data. The results showed that among the total of 22 school principals, 16 were practicing democratic leadership style, 4 school principal were practicing authoritarian leadership style, 1 female principal was practicing both democratic and authoritarian leadership style and further, 1 school principal was practicing laissez-fare leadership style. Moreover, the results showed that the leadership style that is emerging as the most popular leadership style among the female school principals as compared to the authoritarian and laissez faire leadership styles at elementary school level was democratic leadership styles. It was also confirmed that the female school principals were democratic leaders.

Hastings Kamuzu Banda of Malawi: Post-Presidency Experiences, 1994–1997

This article traces the post-presidency experiences of Malawi’s first head of state, Dr Hastings Kamuzu Banda, from 1994 to 1997. Most of what has been written about him has concentrated on his time as an active politician, starting from the late 1950s, when he led the struggle against British colonial rule, and when he was the country’s head of state, from 1964 to 1994, focusing on both domestic and foreign policies. The study follows in the footsteps of seminal works in the field, including that by Roger Southall and Henning Melber, focusing on the experiences of African ex-presidents. However, there is no published scholarly work on Malawi’s Kamuzu Banda. Relying primarily on archival sources, court records, parliamentary proceedings and media reports, this study analyses the former leader’s life after his presidency. It concentrates on his political life, the perceived political prosecution and persecution, the struggle to retain his private property, funding for his private school, ill health and his worries about Malawi’s ethnic and regional polarisation in the aftermath of the 1994 general elections. This article argues that, although Kamuzu Banda faced elements of political persecution and harassment when he left office, some of the blame must also be placed on his authoritarian style of leadership as the country’s president and the fact that he did not immediately retire from active politics after leaving office. On the other hand, we cannot rule out the fears that his successor, Bakili Muluzi, had about Banda’s lingering influence, which the new president wanted to minimise or eliminate.

Influencia del liderazgo en gestión del conocimiento y eficiencia hospitalaria

ObjectiveTo analyse the effect of leadership style on knowledge management in hospitals and hospital efficiency based on the opinion of experts in hospital management, applying fuzzy cognitive maps (FCM). MethodFCM are relational models that can be used to graphically represent expert opinion and knowledge to infer cause–effect relationships between different concepts. The use of FCM as a simulation tool allows the evaluation of possible scenarios based on different leadership styles in hospitals. ResultsIn the resulting augmented matrix, standardized effects range from 0.02 to 0.84, with the highest value representing the strongest relationship between knowledge exploitation and hospital efficiency. From the viewpoint of experts, knowledge creation within the hospital also influences hospital efficiency. Regarding variables reflecting leadership characteristics, positive effects have been identified, though with varying intensities, between authority, benevolence, and charisma, both in terms of knowledge creation and exploitation, as well as hospital efficiency. The transformational leadership style is associated with coefficients having higher values for knowledge management and hospital efficiency. ConclusionsExperts suggest that hospitals with authoritarian leadership styles would exhibit lower levels of knowledge creation and management, as well as lower hospital efficiency. On the other hand, they associate hospitals managed with a paternalistic leadership style with better values in both knowledge creation and exploitation, as well as hospital efficiency, compared to the authoritarian leadership style. Finally, they attribute the highest levels in aspects related to knowledge management and hospital efficiency to the transformational leadership style.