INTRODUCTION Many athletes use nutritional supplements for their performance enhancements and training effects. However, it is unclear that some of the dietary supplements have favorable outcomes, and others may increase the risk of doping or side effects. METHODS In this review, we discuss the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS) Sports Supplement Frameworkâs Group A performance supplements regarding safety, legality, and effectiveness in improving sports performance. Group A supplements include caffeine, beta-alanine, bicarbonate, beetroot juice, creatine, and glycerol. RESULTS We found the use of these performance supplements could help athletes improve strength and endurance. However, the effects vary with individual athletes and depend on sports characteristics, training content, physical condition, and habits. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, a case-by-case approach is warranted to ensure their desirable effects. It is important to consult a doctor or sports nutritionist before consuming theses supplements and to monitor the individualâs response through simulation. Keywords: Beetroot juice, Beta-alanine, Bicarbonate, Caffeine, Creatine, Glycerol