Technology Audit Research Articles

Exploration of Audit Technologies in Public Security Agencies: Empirical Research from Portugal

Exploration of Audit Technologies in Public Security Agencies: Empirical Research from Portugal

ANALISIS BIBLIOMETRIK AUDIT OPERASIONAL MENGGUNAKAN VOSVIEWER DI INDONESIA DENGAN PUBLISH OR PERISH

Operational audits serve to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of a company's activities, and provide recommendations for improvement. In an increasingly complex context, these audits have become essential to ensure that companies can meet stakeholder expectations and improve overall performance. This research focuses on a bibliometric analysis of operational auditing in Indonesia, using VOSviewer and Publish or Perish software to explore the characteristics of publications in this field. The main objective of this research is to identify research trends and patterns in the field of operational auditing through a bibliometric approach. The research data was obtained using the Publish or Perish (POP) application. The data collected was obtained from search results containing the keyword “operational auditing” obtained through Google Scholar. This study identified a total of 500 articles from 2000 to 2024. The results showed that the number of operational auditing studies conducted between 2000 and 2024 continued to increase. The analysis showed a close relationship between various keywords that reflect the main focus of the research, such as “technology audit” and “internal audit”.

Contextual Considerations of Audit Technology Acceptance, Accounting Regulations, Administrative Influences, and Organizational Efficiency: A Novel I-TOE Adoption Formulation

Contextual Considerations of Audit Technology Acceptance, Accounting Regulations, Administrative Influences, and Organizational Efficiency: A Novel I-TOE Adoption Formulation

Adoption of Audit Technologies in Cameroonian Firms: An Integrated Framework of Technological, Organisational, and Environmental Influences

Adoption of Audit Technologies in Cameroonian Firms: An Integrated Framework of Technological, Organisational, and Environmental Influences

Do Internal and External Control Systems Foster Accountability Practices in Public Institutions in Ghana?

Improving governance results in Ghana requires a culture of candour among public institutions. This paper tried to determine what extent do internal and external control systems foster accountability practices in public institutions in Ghana. The research also sought to assess the strengths and shortcomings of current control mechanisms, offering practical recommendations for improving institutional accountability and reinstating public trust in governmental operations. A comprehensive understanding of internal and external control mechanisms in Ghana's public sector is urgently required owing to the nation's particular challenges, including widespread accountability issues, corruption, and misappropriation of financial resources. The study adopted agency theory to underscore the propensity of public officials to pursue self-interest in the absence of sufficient control, complimented by stewardship theory, which posits that alignment with organisational objectives may improve ethical conduct around officials. Internal and external controls are essential for sustaining public confidence and averting corruption. Internal controls include management audits and performance evaluations, while external controls entail regulatory supervision by independent organisations, guaranteeing the effective and ethical utilisation of public resources. The study adopted a descriptive research design, utilising both quantitative and qualitative approaches. A non-probability sampling with purposive and convenience sampling technique was used. This was to ensure that knowledgeable people were selected by the judgment of the researcher. The population of the study was 5000 comprising senior management and non-managerial employees of public institutions. A sample of 300 respondents received the questionnaires with 259 (86.33%) returning same. The research used SPSS with Multiple Linear Regression via a stepwise model. The qualitative data using semi-structured interviews was transcribed with quotation marks into a text box. This study emphasised the significance of internal and external control mechanisms in enhancing accountability inside public institutions. Issues such as insufficient funding and political interference underscore the need of improving these systems. With overall R2 of 15.2% the Null hypothesis was rejected. The study concludes that both internal and external control mechanisms assist in regulating behaviour; nevertheless, political factors, insufficient training, and limited resources may render them almost ineffective. The apparent autonomy of external controls enhanced their efficacy in promoting accountability. The paper therefore, recommends enhancing Internal Control Mechanisms by allocating additional resources for training and innovative audit technology. Enhance External Oversight by augmenting the capabilities and independence of external auditing institutions to mitigate political meddling. And finally, the public's trust in accountability systems may be bolstered by the encouragement of transparency and integrity in reporting.

Methodology applied to computer audit with artificial intelligence: a systematic review

This systematic review focused on evaluating the impact of the machine learning operations (MLOps) methodology on anomaly detection and the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) projects in computer auditing. Data collection was carried out by searching for articles in databases, such as Scopus and PubMed, covering the period from 2018 to 2024. The rigorous application of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and metaanalyses (PRISMA) methodology allowed 88 significant records to be selected from an initial set of 1,389, highlighting the completeness of the selection phase. Both quantitative and qualitative analysis of the data obtained revealed emerging trends in the research and provided key insights into the implementation of MLOps in AI projects, especially in response to increasing complexity, whereby the adoption of the MLOps methodology stands out as a crucial component to optimize anomaly detection and improve integration in the context of information technology auditing. This systematic approach not only consolidates current knowledge but also stands as an essential guide for researchers and practitioners, and the information derived from this systematic review provides valuable guidance for future practices and decisions at the intersection of AI and information technology auditing.

Technology Adoption Factors for Supreme Audit Institutions

Objective –Arguably, there is a shortage of research on how supreme audit institutions can use cutting-edge technologies to make them more effective and stay up with the evolving audit landscape as we are in the 4IR age. Professional auditing and accounting groups encourage using cutting-edge technologies in accounting and auditing duties. However, public sector auditing is trailing behind in the digital transition. Guidelines regarding the elements that superior audit institutions must consider when implementing cutting-edge technologies are still required. This paper fills the gap in the literature by providing technology adoption factors that have been verified for usefulness and practicability and then evaluated in order of significance by experts from eight different countries. Therefore, the findings and recommendations of the paper are applicable and relevant on a global scale.Design/Methodology –Experts were consulted to validate and rate the importance and practicability of the variables and processes for technology adoption using two Delphi questionnaires.Results –The technology adoption factors identified were assistance from top management, a plan for embracing technology, and fostering an environment focused on digital culture. Assessing the current systems for compliance with legislation, organization-wide preparation, and the ability to incorporate new technology, ongoing staff training, regulatory compliance, environmental policies, and audit standards are necessary. Evaluating the technology's compatibility and complexity, doing a cost-benefit analysis, and determining whether the auditee platforms are ready for advanced technology auditing were rated as important technology adoption factors by experts.

Analisis Peranan Teknologi Audit Internal dalam Mendukung Kinerja Auditor

This research aims to further explore how internal audit technology can be applied effectively and efficiently to strengthen audit performance and quality. This research method uses a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques in the study used interviews, observations to sources who work in public accounting firms and were obtained by documentation, namely collecting data related to the internal audit technology used. The results of the analysis show that the existence of this technology has a significant impact on auditor performance. However, technology also poses challenges, such as dependence that has the potential to reduce auditor accuracy and data security risks. Effective internal controls and a deep understanding of the technology used are needed to overcome these challenges. By addressing these challenges, auditors have great potential to develop audits that are comprehensive, value-oriented, integrated, and make a valuable contribution.

Sentiment-devoid lexicons: A novel method for domain-specific textual analysis in business and governance documents

Sentiment-devoid lexicons: A novel method for domain-specific textual analysis in business and governance documents

OPTIMIZATION OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY AND ETHICS IN FRAUD PREVENTION

This study aims to empirically test the effects of information technology audits and professional ethics have a positive effect on fraud prevention efforts in financial services companies. To support this study, the method used by the researcher is a descriptive and verification analysis method with a quantitative approach to 40 auditors from 12 financial services companies. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires via Google Form with data analysis carried out using the multiple linear regression method with the help of SPSS software version 2.3. The results of the analysis show that information technology audits and professional ethics both have a significant positive effect on fraud prevention efforts. This finding emphasizes the importance of integration between information technology, audit practices, and professional ethics in maintaining the security and integrity of the company from potential fraud. This study provides an important contribution to understanding how these factors interact in the context of fraud prevention in companies.

Data Analytic in Internal Auditing: A Scoping Review

Technology has become a more significant component of internal and external audits, and rapid changes are occurring in auditing procedures to reflect developments in the business world. This study aims to review existing literature on Data Analytics in Internal Auditing. The research utilizes the scoping review method, which follows the protocol established by Arksey and O'Malley (2005). The investigation has 20 years of observation, from 2003 to 2023. Thirty-nine articles were selected from electronic databases: Sage Journals, Springer, Taylor & Francis, Wiley, Emerald Publish, and Science Direct. The mapping research demonstrates the growth of data analytics in internal auditing. Key findings indicate that data analytics offers numerous advantages for internal auditing, including improved risk identification, enhanced fraud detection, increased operational efficiency, and better decision-making support. However, significant challenges persist, including issues related to data quality, skills gaps, organizational resistance, and technological constraints, emphasizing its crucial role in improving internal audit effectiveness and efficiency and indicating which skills internal auditors need to gain knowledge about internal auditing technology. The Review concludes by identifying gaps in the literature and suggesting future research directions to further advance our understanding of data analytics in internal audits and its implications for organizational performance and compliance.

AUDIT OF THE PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ON THE BASIS OF FUNCTIONAL AND COST ANALYSIS

Report. The research was conducted to substantiate the increase in the efficiency of the personnel management system on the basis of functional-value analysis and the formation of recommendations on audit standards that will help organizations to effectively manage their personnel and achieve their goals. The article describes the audit technologies, systematizes the main indicators and develops a methodology for auditing the personnel management system on the basis of functional-value analysis with the allocation of organizational and substantive elements. Model. Based on the study of extensive empirical material, a comprehensive analysis of the audit process, methodologies and tools used to assess HR management systems on the basis of functional-value analysis was carried out. In the course of the work the key components of HR management systems were considered, including recruitment and selection, performance management, training and development, and compensation and benefits. Conclusions. As a result of analyzing numerous domestic and foreign sources, conclusions and observations were made concerning the audit of the personnel management system, including on the basis of functional-cost analysis. It was found that the use of a variety of practical tools and techniques in the audit of the personnel management system helps to obtain complete and objective information about its condition and effectiveness. These tools and techniques are a powerful means of analyzing and evaluating the HR system, as well as identifying problem areas and developing recommendations for improvement. Practical value. The practical significance of the research results lies in the fact that they can be directly applied in the real practice of personnel management. The results of the study will help organizations to optimize their HR management systems, improve performance and enhance the quality of decision-making. Originality. The application of the research findings will enable organizations to audit their HR management systems and identify strengths and weaknesses. Based on the identified problem areas, measures can be developed and implemented to address them and improve system performance. In addition, the results of the study will be useful in developing human resource planning strategies and making decisions on personnel development.

Technology Audit: Results of the Assessment of the Technological Maturity of Brazilian Innovation Institutes

The technology audit enables the assessment of the technological capability and thus the technological maturity of an RTO. It focuses on the analysis of the research activities in the R&D service areas of the RTO. This allows for a comprehensive understanding of the technologies used, the research competencies, the technologies developed, and the established technology partnerships of the RTO. Since 2017, technology audits have been conducted to evaluate the technological maturity of Brazilian SENAI innovation institutes (ISI). In the last seven years, 41 audits have been completed, providing ample opportunity to extensively test and refine the methodology. As experts 46 technology auditors from 17 different institutions participated. The extended duration and involvement of numerous experts facilitated continuous improvement of the methodology, necessary processes, and roles as well as needed materials. Two rounds of technology audits were conducted between 2017 and 2023. In the first round until the end of 2019, all 23 operational ISIs were audited, with 15 undergoing re-audits in the second round by the end of 2023. In this paper, the results of the application of the technology audit to assess the technological maturity of Brazilian Innovation Institutes is described. The objective of this evaluation of the application, which this paper undertakes, is to exemplify and verify the methodology of the technology audit. To this end, the background of 26 Brazilian SENAI innovation institutes is outlined to contextualize the use of the technology audit in these RTOs. Subsequently, aggregated results from 41 conducted technology audits are described, and concluding implications for the method are derived.

Evaluation of the Utilization of Web-based Library Application Information Systems using Whitebox and Blackbox Testing Methods

The library information system is a computerized process for integrated data management. This research was conducted in the library located at SMAN 12 Bandung, Jl. Sekejati No. 36, Sukapura. The importance of performance measurement. The validity of implementation from the perspective of effectiveness and efficiency of web-based libraries is the main thing in the aim of managing library digitalization. This research was carried out using the Whitebox and Blackbox Testing integration method. The purpose of the research is to conduct an Information Technology Audit with the validity of measuring the effectiveness and efficiency of application functions. The research results show that the technical analysis of FlowGraph Whitebox is based on source code and flowcharts running on Cyclomatic Complexity which counts the number of nodes and edges in FlowGraph. Research implications support the assessment of the concrete validity of the method used. This can be seen from the research results that the performance of the Web-based Widyantara Library application at SMAN 12 Bandung is considered satisfactory with a good level of validity, this is proven by the test results using the white box testing method. Meanwhile, based on the analysis of the black box testing method on application functionality, the test results are said to be good with a validity percentage reaching 100%. Validity according to application design is proven by testing 10 application scenarios.

Research on energy-saving renovation of old oceanarium based on energy consumption monitoring technology

This study takes an old oceanarium in Jiangsu Province, China, as a case study and monitors the energy consumption values related to electricity, water and gas consumption for the whole year before the renovation of the oceanarium. Based on the energy consumption monitoring data, an in-depth analysis of the energy consumption defects of the oceanarium before the renovation is conducted using energy audit technology. We combine the characteristics of the oceanarium itself according to: (1) the results of the building energy audit; (2) the results of the envelope calculation; and (3) the latest energy-saving retrofit technology. We developed a more scientific building energy-saving retrofit programme. Using this method, we can accurately monitor the energy consumption problems in old oceanarium buildings and find building energy consumption defects. In this study, we monitor the real-time energy consumption of nine old government office buildings in Jiangsu Province, China using energy monitoring technology. We analyse and study the monitoring results and finally target the scientific energy-saving retrofits. This method can be used to carry out targeted energy-saving building renovation in the future and put forward new methods and ideas for studying the energy consumption of existing public buildings.

Auditors Role in Ensuring Tax Compliance: Insights into Tax Audits and Regulatory Adherence

Objective: The extent of tax compliance by using audit quality, type of audit, technology, and tax compliance complexity, as well as the numbers of tax audit are the objectives of the study in addition to the role of auditors in this regard.Methods: We designed a structured survey that was administered to auditors and tax officials to collect data on their audit practices, compliance behaviors and perceptions of regulatory complexity. Hypothesis testing was performed on the data by using multiple regression analysis.Results: The findings demonstrate that audit quality and the use of external auditor positively affect taxpayer adherence. Moreover, tax regulatory complexity was discovered to harmfully moderate the association between audit effectiveness and tax compliance. This emphasis on audit technology dramatically improved the audit process and provided favorable compliance results. Furthermore, entities monitored regularly complied at significantly higher rates than those audited irregularly.Novelty: This study adds to the literature by combining the theories of modern audit technologies and regulatory complexity in an investigation of tax compliance. This also advance our understanding of external vs internal auditor effects to compliance levels, especially for a developing country taxation system like Indonesia.Research Implications: The study highlights the need for tax regulators to reduce tax complexities and invest in innovative tax audit technologies in a bid to improve tax compliance. Regular audits and particularly the introduction of external audits could further help to bolster the tax compliance framework, the study added. Emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and blockchain can transform tax audits and compliance monitoring, which could be a topic for further research.

Assessing the Integration of ChatGPT in IT Audits that Support Financial Statement Audits

Artificial intelligence (AI) has brought significant changes in many fields, including the audit sector. Generative AI, a type of AI, leverages deep learning models to generate human-like content like images and words. ChatGPT, a type of generative AI, is a language model capable of revolutionizing information technology (IT) audits in support of financial statement (FS) audits. This paper highlights and examines advantages and disadvantages of incorporating ChatGPT into IT audits that support FS audits. ChatGPT offers benefits such as efficiency, precision, and speed, which are vital in the IT audit process. However, it also comes with challenges that need to be addressed. This paper contributes to the growing body of knowledge related to the use of ChatGPT in IT audits that support FS audits. The paper further provides insights into how audit firms can effectively adopt ChatGPT to improve the quality, efficiency, and effectiveness of their IT and FS audits.

The determinants of IT audit usage in Saudi Arabia with specific reference to computer audit assisted tools

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the determinants and the intention to use information technology (IT) audit technologies. Design/methodology/approach The research model explores the external and internal factors that influence IT audit usage in Saudi Arabia. The external factors include IT audit education, professional support provided by professional accounting and auditing bodies, external pressure and social factors. The internal factors include the firm’s organizational support, complexity of accounting information systems, IT audit competency, adoption risk, ease of use and readiness. These factors affect the intention to use IT audits, represented by the perceived benefits and intention to use IT audits, which in turn affect IT audit usage. The study uses structural equation modelling to estimate a sample size of 261 respondents. Findings The findings suggest that internal factors significantly influence both IT audit usage and intention to use IT audits. However, the external factors exhibit insignificant associations with IT audit usage. The findings also indicate that IT auditors in Saudi Arabia heavily rely on Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word and email/Outlook as essential IT audit tools. However, the findings reveal that there is still a role for specialized IT audit tools such as generalized audit software and Audit Command Language but this usage is marginal. Practical implications The present study provides significant insights for auditors, companies’ boards, professional bodies and policymakers to enhance the development and usage of IT audits. The study revealed the absence of supportive external factors that policymakers and professional bodies should exercise in this regard. The findings also indicate that IT audit education and capacity programmes are required to promote competency and adoption of IT audit technologies. Originality/value The study contributes to IT auditing by identifying significant factors influencing IT audit adoption. It underlines the relevance of internal and external determinants and perceived benefits as drivers of IT audit adoption. The current study provides an original piece of research that highlights a comprehensive investigation of the determinates of IT audit usage in a developing country that is shifting towards artificial intelligence and IT advancements.

Impact of auditing information technology modernization on corporate technological innovation investment: The roles of risk perception and internal control

Impact of auditing information technology modernization on corporate technological innovation investment: The roles of risk perception and internal control

Analysis of Internal Factors Affecting Tax Avoidance in the 4.0 Era in Digital Technology Sector

This study aims to analyze internal factors that influence tax avoidance in the annual financial reports of digital technology sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2018-2022 research period in the economy 4.0 era. The independent variables in this study are profitability, fixed asset intensity, and leverage. The approach used in this study is a secondary data quantitative approach. The population of the study was 73 digital technology sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2018-2022 research period, and the sample was taken using the purposive sampling method with a total of 25 companies so that the number of observations in the study was 125 observation data. The data analysis technique uses panel data regression analysis using statistical calculations. The results of the research analysis prove that profitability and leverage have a partial and positive and negative influence on tax avoidance. In contrast, fixed asset intensity does not have a partial and negative influence on tax avoidance. The managerial implications are that the implementation of digital technology can help create a more transparent and accountable system, and the use of data-based audit technology can detect anomalies and potential tax avoidance earlier.