Audiovisual Narratives Research Articles

Tensiones culturales y Mediaciones Sociales en los discursos audiovisuales sobre el narcotráfico

En este texto queremos hacer una reflexión sobre las narrativas audiovisuales en torno al narcotráfico a partir de la categoría de mediación social. Señalamos algunos ejemplos históricos en la producción audiovisual sobre narcotráfico. Partimos de la idea de la reiteración de personajes, tipos de acción y valoración del entorno social redunda en una perspectiva estereotipada y espectacular del narcotráfico que aunque parezca novedoso y verosímil no guarda relación con el problema social como tal. Proponemos que estos relatos permiten la conciliación entre las transformaciones socio-políticas del estado neoliberal contemporáneo, y la gestión en la percepción de un entorno visto como peligroso e inseguro lo que por otra parte permite justificar o legitimar la acción violenta del gobierno mexicano; para ello las narco representaciones ofrecen una explicaciones simples del porqué de los hechos

Las distintas concepciones del espacio en la teoría de la narración audiovisual

El espacio, que ha sido objeto de estudio por los semiólogos más prestigiosos, está mereciendo una atención especial en la teoría de la narración audiovisual.Este trabajo, con los referentes de investigadores, como Gardies, Maras, François Jost…así como de cineastas como Eric Rohmer, aborda las diversas perspectivas desde las que ha sido estudiado, lo pone en relación con el tiempo y compara su tratamiento en el cine con el que se le otorga al espacio en el relato literario y en la pintura.

¡Cómo cambió todo! Representaciones sobre la diversidad familiar argentina en la serie documental "Salida de emergencia"

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo realizar una aproximación a las narrativas audiovisuales de la producción documental sobre la población LGBTTTIQ+ en Argentina y más específicamente sobre las familias homoparentales. El mismo se centrará en el capítulo "Familias Diversas" de la serie "Salida de Emergencia" dirigida por Mathieu Orcel a partir de la descripción de las condiciones contextuales de producción y la potencialidad de las estrategias en su narrativa para tensionar estereotipos heteropatriarcales consolidados. Este análisis cualitativo y transdisciplinar vinculará aspectos de teorías provenientes de los estudios de las representaciones sociales, los estudios culturales, los aportes provenientes de la socio-semiótica y la teoría queer para problematizar las formas en que el verosímil documental, como prueba del mundo, devuelve a los y las agentes las posibilidades de narrarse y poner en tensión las formas segregativas que asume lo "normal".

Technophobic Dystopias: A Theoretical Approximation to the Communication Technology Limits Related to Privacy From the Google Glass Case and Audiovisual Fiction

Abstract The subject of this article is the current difficult relationship between the evolution of communication technologies and the implications that its daily use can have on the invasion of an individual's privacy. Many are the science fiction audiovisual narratives which approach this evolution from the dystopian point of view with a technophobic character, focusing on the individual effects. But, in reality, this is something that has become clear in the case of Google Glass, where the fear of loss of intimacy was what caused social rejection in its use in everyday life, although not in certain fields of labor and training.

Technophobic Dystopias: A Theoretical Approximation to the Communication Technology Limits Related to Privacy From the Google Glass Case and Audiovisual Fiction

Abstract The subject of this article is the current difficult relationship between the evolution of communication technologies and the implications that its daily use can have on the invasion of an individual's privacy. Many are the science fiction audiovisual narratives which approach this evolution from the dystopian point of view with a technophobic character, focusing on the individual effects. But, in reality, this is something that has become clear in the case of Google Glass, where the fear of loss of intimacy was what caused social rejection in its use in everyday life, although not in certain fields of labor and training.

Innovation in Audiovisual Narratives

El entorno digital en el que nos movemos nos sorprende cada día con nuevos formatos y productos, derivados de la constante innovación en la que viven las empresas audiovisuales. En este monográfico mostramos el abanico de posibilidades por las que apuestan tanto las firmas comerciales como los mismos medios de comunicación. Transmedialidad, realidad virtual, videos 360º y videomarketing son algunos de los ejemplos de las nuevas narrativas que se están utilizando para conseguir los retos claves de la comunicación actual y que son objeto de esta colección de análisis. El uso de las nuevas tecnologías nos permite apostar por la interactividad, la inmersividad y la distribución multiplataforma, que caracterizan el perfil innovador de las actuales piezas publicitarias. Ejemplos tan variados como el sorteo de la lotería de Navidad, la firma de alta costura Chanel, la serie de aventuras Aguila Roja, la firma de vehículos de alta gama Audi, la bebida alcohólica Licor 43, la bodega Ramón Bilbao y los grandes almacenes El Corte Inglés nos muestran la apuesta por la innovación en la comunicación de sectores tan dispares como éstos.

Audiovisual narratives and the impetus of photography

Miguel Hernández Communication Journal es una revista internacional de índole científica especializada en la comunicación en sus distintas vertientes como la periodística, audiovisual y persuasiva, contemplándose también otras temáticas interdisciplinares relacionadas. MHCJ pertenece a la Plataforma Latina de Revistas de Comunicación, PLatCom, y su vocación es la de servicio público a las comunidades de investigadores para difundir sus resultados científicos. Con mucho esfuerzo logramos cumplir con los dos volúmenes al año en las fechas, enero y julio. 2017 fue un periodo de transición y publicamos en marzo y septiembre. Detrás de las cámaras está el esfuerzo de un equipo de profesionales que apostamos por la difusión de los resultados de investigación en abierto y accesibles para todo el planeta y, desde nuestro enclave geográfico, nos coordinamos para que los autores encuentren no sólo un lugar para publicar sus estudios, sino también un espacio en el que se vean arropados y asesorados durante todo el proceso. A tal fin incorporamos al equipo al profesor Francisco Julián Martínez Cano como responsable de monográficos.

Revistas nativas digitales en el ámbito del deporte en España: el caso de MARCA Plus

Tras ser reconocida por Apple como una de las mejores 'apps' para iPad y ganar los 'Digital Magazine Awards' (2015 y 2016), MARCA Plus se ha convertido en un referente para las publicaciones nativas digitales. Es una de las apuestas de Unidad Editorial por las nuevas tecnologías, habiendo conseguido, con cerca de 72 números en 32 meses, un posicionamiento excepcional en el mercado digital. Este trabajo pretende poner en valor un nuevo formato en el panorama de los medios actual: las revistas nativas digitales. MARCA Plus destaca por su diseño, creatividad, carácter innovador, interactividad y nuevas narrativas audiovisuales. A ello se suma el ser un soporte ideal para las nuevas tendencias en publicidad. Al ser una investigación descriptiva y un estudio de caso, utilizaremos técnicas cualitativas como la observación participante y la entrevista en profundidad. También aplicaremos técnicas cuantitativas como el análisis de contenido con una ficha ad hoc. Nos encontramos ante una revista digital que ha superado a su propio soporte. Lo demuestran algunos datos, como por ejemplo que la métrica del último número analizado determina que la permanencia del usuario por sesión en el smartphone fue más de diez minutos, frente a los dos minutos en el ordenador.

Framing of Arab Conflicts in India by the Leading Private News Channels NDTV 24*7 and CNN-IBN

During Arab “Spring”, two broad frames emerged from the coverages by Indian news television: Western and regional. The former caters to the West for its primary viewership whereas the latter is an alternative to CNN for the Arab region. During the conflicts, Indian news television catered to the dominant western perspective due to feeds from western news agencies. So when the Arab Conflicts got mediated to India, a non-participating zone, then it was only likely that the western perspective would dominate the audio-visual narratives because of continued dependency on the western news agencies as has been demonstrated earlier conflicts like invasions of Iraq and Afghanistan. Through a qualitative framing analysis, this research looks at how Arab Conflicts got mediated by NDTV and CNN-IBN, the two leading private English news channels. An analysis of news packages by the two channels during the year 2011 with respect to framing of issues, stakeholders and sources reveals a stronger presence of western perspective in the audio-visual narratives in spite of the fact that channels correspondents contributed almost the same number of stories as those from the western sources.

Audio-visual narratives as a means of communication in promoting medication understanding and use self-efficacy among stroke patients: The development and evaluation

Audio-visual narratives as a means of communication in promoting medication understanding and use self-efficacy among stroke patients: The development and evaluation

La puerta de Latinoamérica (desde las rutas Argentinas): San Salvador de Jujuy en geografías audiovisuales amplias

¿Qué significa estar ubicada en lugares particulares, cuando ese lugar es una provincia argentina noroestina y de frontera, cuando tal ubicación se interroga a partir de los sentidos de ciudad que ofrecen narrativas audiovisuales locales, y cuando esa interrogación busca analizar una configuración cultural conmocionada por el debate en torno a la redistribución del poder de visibilizar el orden social y sus conflictos mediante la audiovisualización televisiva?La investigación-marco de este ensayo aborda la conflictividad de lo social expresada en las interpretaciones heterogéneas, históricas, conflictivas y contingentes sobre la ciudad (como espacio en común), que construyen diversos actores, en desiguales condiciones, para comprender su experiencia urbana. Estos sentidos de ciudad, como parte del sentido común o como formas coherentes que lo combaten, participan de las disputas culturales en torno a las relaciones y posiciones sociales vinculadas a la región audiovisual que se abordan en este trabajo.

Cartel de los sapos I y Alias el mexicano

Objetivos: identificar los estereotipos de mujer representados en narcoseries colombianas y su relación con la trasmisión de mensajes de empoderamiento del tercer Objetivo de Desarrollo del Milenio (Autonomía en Toma de decisiones, Autonomía Física y Autonomía Económica), que busca generar equidad entre los géneros y empoderar a la mujer.
 Metodología: se tomó como muestra dos narcoseries con alto rating: “El cartel de los sapos I” y “Alias el mexicano”, trasmitidas por los canales privados colombianos Caracol y RCN, respectivamente. A este material se le aplicó análisis de contenido, se seleccionaron los personajes femeninos y se clasificaron según su ocupación y características en cada autonomía (Toma de decisiones, Física y Económica).
 Resultados: en la narcoserie “El cartel de los sapos I”, la mayoría de las mujeres figuran con “ninguna ocupación”, son principalmente familiares de narcotraficantes y no existe un notorio prototipo de belleza; en “Alias el mexicano”, las mujeres, jóvenes y mayores, son usadas como “mulas” o correos humanos, son condenadas e intimidadas.
 Conclusiones: las narcoseries colombianas son narraciones audiovisuales carentes de mensaje de empoderamiento de autonomías en las mujeres, en los roles femeninos que incorporan en sus tramas.

Negotiation of subjectivities and intersubjectivities in the classroom

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to describe and analyze the presence of intersubjective asymmetries as an ethical, epistemological, and social challenge in a school. We explore various aspects of interaction between teacher, students, and researcher in school during a music room. A workshop of audiovisual narratives that has been made with teenagers in a Spain school with the aim that young people themselves documented their own musical practices through tools and narratives that are common outside of school (audio, photography, video, etc.). We based our work on the principles of participatory research, participants showed those meanings that they had music in their life, all aimed to all the work that serve to modify practices and musical activities at school that were taking place. Some of the obstacles found in workshop are described as barriers that relate to the processes of delegitimization of musical culture of youth reported previously and their knowledge in the school. This project began founding the presence of those intersubjective asymmetries as a challenge to constituting a community of practice and learning, where a pedagogical transformation was waited, new forms of teachers and students participation.

Audiovisual Narrative Creation and Creative Retrieval: How Searching for a Story Shapes the Story

Media professionals – such as news editors, image researchers, and documentary filmmakers - increasingly rely on online access to digital content within audiovisual archives to create narratives. Retrieving audiovisual sources therefore requires an in-depth knowledge of how to find sources digitally. These storytelling practices intertwine search technologies with the user’s ideas and production cultures. This paper presents qualitative research insights into how media professionals search in digital archives to create (trans)medial narratives, and uses the notion of creative retrieval to unravel the dynamics of audiovisual narrative production. Creative retrieval combines ideas about the effects of media convergence on media content, theories about serendipitous information retrieval, and studies of creativity to argue that retrieval practices of media professionals who create audiovisual narratives are governed by organizational, technological and content affordances and constraints. The paper furthermore exemplifies the first stage of an ongoing research project in which a user-centered design approach guides open source self-learning search algorithm development to support creative retrieval.

Impact of audio-visual storytelling in simulation learning experiences of undergraduate nursing students

BackgroundUse of high fidelity simulation has become increasingly popular in nursing education to the extent that it is now an integral component of most nursing programs. Anecdotal evidence suggests that students have difficulty engaging with simulation manikins due to their unrealistic appearance. Introduction of the manikin as a ‘real patient’ with the use of an audio-visual narrative may engage students in the simulated learning experience and impact on their learning. A paucity of literature currently exists on the use of audio-visual narratives to enhance simulated learning experiences. ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine if viewing an audio-visual narrative during a simulation pre-brief altered undergraduate nursing student perceptions of the learning experience. DesignA quasi-experimental post-test design was utilised. ParticipantsA convenience sample of final year baccalaureate nursing students at a large metropolitan university. MethodsParticipants completed a modified version of the Student Satisfaction with Simulation Experiences survey. This 12-item questionnaire contained questions relating to the ability to transfer skills learned in simulation to the real clinical world, the realism of the simulation and the overall value of the learning experience. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise demographic information. Two tailed, independent group t-tests were used to determine statistical differences within the categories. ResultsFindings indicated that students reported high levels of value, realism and transferability in relation to the viewing of an audio-visual narrative. Statistically significant results (t=2.38, p<0.02) were evident in the subscale of transferability of learning from simulation to clinical practice. The subgroups of age and gender although not significant indicated some interesting results. ConclusionsHigh satisfaction with simulation was indicated by all students in relation to value and realism. There was a significant finding in relation to transferability on knowledge and this is vital to quality educational outcomes.

Pensar en la comunicación audiovisual: una apuesta para promover investigación de mediaciones para el desarrollo social en Colombia.

El presente texto ofrece una propuesta de fundamentación teórica para pensar la comunicación audiovisual desde la investigación social. El artículo parte de la idea de tomar como fundamento la posibilidad emancipadora que propone el paradigma crítico de las ciencias sociales. A partir de esta perspectiva, las narrativas audiovisuales se piensan como posibilidades para generar contenidos y conocimiento, ya que éste invita al sujeto a un proceso de reflexión y análisis sobre la sociedad en la que se encuentra implicado y la posibilidad de cambios que él mismo es capaz de generar. En segundo lugar, en el texto se delimita teóricamente el tipo de comunicación sobre la que se propone construir la investigación, en este caso, la comunicación para el desarrollo y el cambio social. En un tercer momento se postulan los conceptos de participación, esfera pública, tejido social y ciudadanía, tomados como categorías de partida para proponer líneas de trabajo y temáticas de investigación asociadas.

Requiem for a Dream: Drug aesthetics in audiovisual processes

Abstract Requiem for a Dream is an engaging three-act narrative presenting a sensorial take on the decaying experience of addiction. Using highly subjective representations of reality tainted by what can be refer to as a drug aesthetics, the second feature film directed by Darren Aronofsky is a four-way first-person account that revolves around Harry, a drifting young man who dreams of being successful, Sara, a widow who dreams of being on television, Marion, a psychotherapy patient who dreams of becoming independent, and Tyrone, an orphan who dreams of making his mother proud. Although there is not one single protagonist, Harry is the pivot figure connecting the four subjects: Sara is his mother, Marion is his girlfriend and Tyrone is his friend and business partner. The film is constructed with short alternating scenes of each character, merging its enunciation with these four individuals’ inner voices to depict how drugs – both prescribed and illegally acquired – affect their consciousness as they fall into addition. Requiem for a Dream can be placed in a category of drug movies that aim to explore the internal effects of substances as their main subject matter. Instead of dealing with historical or sociological aspects, it explores the highly subjective representations of the world tainted by what can be referred to as the aesthetics of drugs. Deriving from Elsaesser‘s definition of productive pathology (2009: 24–30), this article proposes to explore how audiovisual narratives, in dealing with altered and sensorial states of the mind, can amplify the possibilities of storytelling. In other words, how internally focalized drug movies expand the aesthetics possibilities of realism in film, playing with subversive uses of language while still sustaining a verisimilar discourse. The analysis will take two paths. First, based on the assumption that there is no objective access to the physical world except through subjectivity, the initial part of this article will present a reflection on the dichotomy of reality and illusion, proposing a new alternative by taking the perceptive alterations caused by drugs as a starting point to convey how social structures and morality play a definitive role in our understanding of realism in art. Secondly, approaching specifically the idea of drug aesthetics, the article will consider how audiovisual representation is affected when the subjective point of view is of a character with an altered state of mind. Exploring the mechanics used to translate the effects of drugs on consciousness into filmic form, Requiem for a Dream will be studied as an example of applying unorthodox methods of narration to expand an audience’s experience of a subject matter beyond dramatic storytelling and into a sensorial perception of the universe of mental stimulators.

Video activism in the Brazilian protests: Genres, narratives and political participation

Abstract This article examines communication practices, specific genres and audio-visual narratives developed by Brazilian video activists in the context of the protests against the FIFA World Cup competition in 2014. Analysing 170 videos produced between June and July 2014, using digital methods, audio-visual analysis and the Lilleker and Vedel scheme crossed with the Carpentier model to analyse political participation, we try to reveal what level of participation these videos represent and to discover their political nature, classifying them by level of participation. In addition, this article will attempt to highlight that the videos worked as a source of information, debate and deliberation, promoting participation, which could generate more empowerment and participation if the activists improved contextualization and the quality of the narrative.

Readings of the contemporary in art education: Simultaneity and ambivalence in video art

Abstract The article discusses how the simultaneity of actions and languages and ambivalence in ways of being and acting, present in everyday experiences, are written into audio-visual productions of contemporary art. The video art Para Dentro and the reading of this work by a group of children were analysed using discursive semiotics, as related to the effects of meaning in audio-visual texts of contemporary art, and the processes of appropriation and redefinition of images and sounds, during art education on the reading of images. Analysis of this video art highlights its articulation, through overlays, of the various languages that constitute the audio-visual text and the presentation of images and sounds ambiguously, creating effects of ambivalence. What most disturbed the children during their reading were the visual and sound ambivalences. The results indicate the need to reflect, in school, on contemporary audio-visual narratives, seeking to understand the present moment.

Extracting multidimensional stimulus-response correlations using hybrid encoding-decoding of neural activity

In neuroscience, stimulus-response relationships have traditionally been analyzed using either encoding or decoding models. Here we propose a hybrid approach that decomposes neural activity into multiple components, each representing a portion of the stimulus. The technique is implemented via canonical correlation analysis (CCA) by temporally filtering the stimulus (encoding) and spatially filtering the neural responses (decoding) such that the resulting components are maximally correlated. In contrast to existing methods, this approach recovers multiple correlated stimulus-response pairs, and thus affords a richer, multidimensional analysis of neural representations. We first validated the technique’s ability to recover multiple stimulus-driven components using electroencephalographic (EEG) data simulated with a finite element model of the head. We then applied the technique to real EEG responses to auditory and audiovisual narratives experienced identically across subjects, as well as uniquely experienced video game play. During narratives, both auditory and visual stimulus-response correlations (SRC) were modulated by attention and tracked inter-subject correlations. During video game play, SRC varied with game difficulty and the presence of a dual task. Interestingly, the strongest component extracted for visual and auditory features of film clips had nearly identical spatial distributions, suggesting that the predominant encephalographic response to naturalistic stimuli is supramodal. The diversity of these findings demonstrates the utility of measuring multidimensional SRC via hybrid encoding-decoding.